Stem cell fate asymmetric cell division. Medical search. Frequent questions

She returned to UCSF to conduct translational research, and apply her combined expertise in stem cells and signaling on the study of brain neoplasms and human stem and progenitor cells. (stanford.edu)
Dr. Petritsch is an expert in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and cancer stem cells, and her team's emphasis is on intra-tumoral heterogeneity, in vitro and in vivo cancer model development, and tumor-immune interactions. (stanford.edu)
Her research identified conserved mechanisms of cell fate determination in mammalian brain progenitors and led to a paradigm shift in understanding how brain progenitor cells self-renew and differentiate. (stanford.edu)
Cell fate decisions within these hierarchical brain cell lineages are tightly controlled and irreversible: e.g. cells in the state of differentiation will not turn into progenitor cells or stem cells. (stanford.edu)
Tumor cell hierarchies are poorly understood, providing no explanation for why tumor cells with stem-like, progenitor-like, and differentiated features co-exist and interact with normal brain cells and immune-infiltrating cells within a single tumor entity, and how this heterogeneity relates to the lack of active immune infiltration. (stanford.edu)
1.0875 and 1.0770 g/mL per murine and human stem/progenitor cells, respectively). (bioinf.org)
Interestingly, Lin28B inhibits the processing of mature let7 miRNA, which functions to induce cell cycle exit in progenitor cells [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Studies using a zebrafish model further illustrate an important role of Lin28A in the recovery of progenitor cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
We will integrate the two approaches, experimentally investigating biological features relevant to the models, including direct assessment of the direction of change of progenitor cells, and quantitative investigation of the key fate specification signals in the neural crest. (bath.ac.uk)
After asymmetric division, the stem cells divide to produce endocrine progenitor cells (EEP/EMC). (guozhenglab.net)
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and poorly differentiated progenitor cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exacerbate hierarchical tissue organization contributing to cell hyperproliferation and therapy resistance. (amegroups.org)
Cells were transfected with the early B-cell factor-2 (EBF2) to activate progenitor cell differentiation and gauged the tumorigenic potentials of the derived cell subsets. (amegroups.org)
Here we show that the brown adipose differentiation gene, EBF2, activates differentiation-associated signals in the cancer progenitor cells in culture and CSC transplantation models. (amegroups.org)
Mechanistically, EBF2 uniformly activates Pparγ-expression in pancreatic cancer cells and limits cell proliferation, whereas oncogenic drivers are expressed differentially in the progenitor cell subsets. (amegroups.org)
This study reveals a previously unrecognized function of EBF2 in regulating PDAC progenitor cell differentiation and tumor suppression. (amegroups.org)
These glands uniquely express Shh and TFF2 as well as other developmental genes known to reside in progenitor stem cell niches. (nebraska.edu)
SA1] The experiments proposed in this aim will determine the role of PDG as an epithelial progenitor stem cell niche responsible for epithelial renewal and regeneration. (nebraska.edu)
We propose to use a fate mapping, in vivo lineage tagging strategy specifically tagging the PDG compartment, in combination with a well-characterized model of acute and chronic pancreatic injury, to confirm that these compartments contain epithelial progenitor cells. (nebraska.edu)
These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
MaSC/progenitor cells were identified based on their ability to retain bromodeoxyuridine for an extended period. (frontiersin.org)
whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
Neural progenitor divisions are asymmetric. (biologists.com)
This process involves the release of a subset of maternal transcripts from the centrosome-attracting body (CAB) in the progenitor cells of the germ line. (biomedcentral.com)
Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)

Furthermore, we demonstrate that the asymmetric cell-fate determinant Numb segregates selectively to one daughter cell during mitosis and before differentiation, suggesting that Numb is associated with self-renewal. (nih.gov)
The expression patterns suggest that both genes are under the same regulatory control as are the E(spl) bHLH genes and thus, might play a part in Notch mediated cell differentiation. (sdbonline.org)
This is especially true for malignant glioma cells, which simultaneously express markers of different lineages and states exhibiting incomplete differentiation. (stanford.edu)
In the cochlea of mouse embryos, it is highly expressed in prosensory cells and down-regulated at the onset of hair cell differentiation. (encyclopedia.pub)
Prolonged expression of Lin28B delays prosensory cell cycle exit and prevents hair cell differentiation, suggesting that it functions to increase hair cell production [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Therefore, the antagonistic actions of Lin28B and let7 miRNA coordinate the timing of prosensory cell cycle withdrawal for hair cell differentiation. (encyclopedia.pub)
In neonatal murine cochlear organoids and explants, Lin28B antagonizes the activity of let7 miRNA and increases Akt-mTORC1 signaling to promote hair cell regeneration from immature supporting cells by inducing their de-differentiation and proliferation as well as by directly converting them into hair cells [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Thus, Lin28B functions in hair cell regeneration through mitotic and non-mitotic mechanisms, which are dependent on mitotic division or trans-differentiation of supporting cells into hair cells, respectively. (encyclopedia.pub)
It functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands to regulate cell-fate determination, affecting the implementation of differentiation, proliferation, and apoptotic programs for example intestinal stem remodeling, homeostasis (35), and asymmetric division (36). (bcrablinhibitor.com)
② After a certain number of divisions, the stem cells accumulate a sufficient amount of Sc protein, and the endocrine cell differentiation factor Pros begins to be expressed. (guozhenglab.net)
At this time, the stem cells express the cell polarity protein Mira and the endocrine cell differentiation transcription factor Pros. (guozhenglab.net)
Here we show that cell differentiation suppresses tumor formation. (amegroups.org)
The premise of Meryem's project is that the mechanisms underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are poorly characterized and involve a complex interplay of altered gut microbial environment, cytokine activity, and impaired intestinal stem cell (ISC) self-renewal and differentiation. (unc.edu)
Different mechanisms could explain the origin and heterogeneity of CSC such as (i) differentiation arrest (stem cells), (ii) dedifferentiation (mature cells) and (iii) transdifferentiation (bone marrow stem cells). (grantome.com)
Genes expressed in LRECe revealed retention of some stem-like properties along with up-regulation of differentiation factors. (frontiersin.org)
This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
Central to all these endeavors is our goal to identify 'stem-like' T and NK cells that stand at the origin of all differentiation processes underlying lasting immunological memory in the context of acute and chronic infection, malignancy and autoimmune disease. (webspaceconfig.de)
Margaret "Minx" Fuller studies how male germ cells balance self-renewal versus differentiation to both maintain the stem cell population and continually produce sperm cells. (genestogenomes.org)
Little is known about the early stages that regulate proliferation, differentiation, and survival of neural stem cells and their immediate progeny. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cells, formed in the blastocyst and, have not undergone any stage of differentiation yet. (the-dna-universe.com)
Image 4: Depiction of embryonic stem cell differentiation. (the-dna-universe.com)
Trophic factors modulate the local immune system, enhance angiogenesis, prevent cell apoptosis, and stimulate the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of resident tissue stem cells. (the-dna-universe.com)
Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)
At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)

The stem cell population is maintained by asymmetric divisions in which one daughter cell commits to specific fate and the other maintains parental pluripotency. (nature.com)
Asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) generate two daughter cells with identical genetic information but distinct cell fates through epigenetic mechanisms. (elifesciences.org)
During adult airway epithelial homeostasis in mice, FGFR2 signalling is required for self-renewing divisions of basal stem cells and to maintain expression of the key transcription factor SOX2. (silverchair.com)
Meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells by undergoing one round of DNA replication followed by two divisions. (mathisfunforum.com)
All cell divisions, regardless of organism, are preceded by a single round of DNA replication. (mathisfunforum.com)
The human body experiences about 10 quadrillion cell divisions in a lifetime. (mathisfunforum.com)
Eukaryotic cell divisions can be classified as mitosis (equational division) and meiosis (reductional division). (mathisfunforum.com)
Cancer A clonal growth (cells all descended from one ancestral cell) that undergo continuing mitotic divisions and are not inhibited in their growth when they come in contact with neighboring cells (contact inhibition). (agemed.org)
Retention of labeled DNA strands may be attributed to the ability of stem cells to retain the parental DNA strand during asymmetric cell division ( Cairns, 1975 ) or to quiescence of the stem cell population such that the DNA label is not diluted by frequent cell divisions ( Klein and Simons, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
Aim of research and teaching in the Major „Developmental and Stem Cell Biology" is to gain understanding of the mechanisms that guide a fertilized egg and the resulting daughter cells through cell divisions and complex morphogenetic rearrangements, with crucial checkpoints in time and space to ultimately emerge the body axes as well as complex structures such as eyes, brain or flowers. (uni-heidelberg.de)
We demonstrate that the SPGs share direct sibling relationships with neurones and are the products of asymmetric divisions. (biologists.com)
Indeed, launch of ocean urchin AGS in to the ocean superstar embryo induces asymmetric cell divisions, recommending the fact that molecular advancement of AGS proteins is type in the changeover of echinoderms to micromere development and the existing developmental design of ocean urchins not observed in various other echinoderms. (biopaqc.com)
In the chick and mouse, the neuroepithelium proliferates during neurogenesis by symmetric cell divisions, but transitions to asymmetric cell divisions to create self-renewing stem cells and neural precursor cells3,4. (biopaqc.com)
Launch of asymmetric cell divisions in to the developmental plan sometimes appears throughout phylogeny hence, and has important jobs to significantly modification the developmental plan frequently, which general leads to useful and morphological diversification. (biopaqc.com)
It really is unclear, nevertheless, how these asymmetric cell divisions arose in the developmental plan during advancement originally, and added to diversification. (biopaqc.com)
Remarkably, ~80% of these?embryos underwent random asymmetric cell divisions from the 2C16 cell stages. (biopaqc.com)
These results suggest that sea urchin AGS indeed has an ability to induce asymmetric cell divisions and potentially a polarity-inducing activity even in the sea star embryos, a distantly related echinoderm. (biopaqc.com)
Open in a separate windows Fig. 7 Sea urchin AGS induces asymmetric cell divisions during early embryogenesis and extra invaginations after blastulation in sea star embryos. (biopaqc.com)

The available experimental data support the hypothesis that the cap cells(CpCs) at the anterior tip of the germarium form an environmental niche for germline stem cells (GSCs) of the Drosophila ovary. (biologists.com)
This image for day 142 of #LMB365 shows a Drosophila head imaged by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) taken by Emmanuel Derivery in the LMB's Cell Biology Division. (cam.ac.uk)
Drosophila neuroblast asymmetric cell division: recent advances and implications for stem cell biology. (ca.gov)
A model of Drosophila multipotent intestinal stem cells that use Notch signalling to generate daughter cells with different fates at different times and in different places. (guozhenglab.net)
① When Drosophila intestinal stem cells divide in the adult stage, 90% of the division is to produce EB cells that will differentiate into intestinal epithelial cells in the future. (guozhenglab.net)
Changes in the number of intestinal stem cells of Drosophila in the pupal stage and the division pattern of stem cells. (guozhenglab.net)
The pattern and molecular mechanism of asymmetric division of Drosophila type 1 neural stem cells and intestinal stem cells. (guozhenglab.net)
A: Drosophila type-1 neural stem cells undergo an asymmetrical division during the embryonic stage. (guozhenglab.net)
In the Drosophila central nervous system (CNS) glial cells are known to be generated from glioblasts, which produce exclusively glia or neuroglioblasts that bifurcate to produce both neuronal and glial sublineages. (biologists.com)
For more details on cleavage and gastrulation stages see [1] or go to Drosophila embryo live cell imaging. (cherrybiotech.com)
Niche-associated activation of rac promotes the asymmetric division of Drosophila female germline stem cells. (uchicago.edu)
Analysis of cell movements and fate mapping during early embryogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. (uchicago.edu)
The receptor tyrosine phosphatase Lar regulates adhesion between Drosophila male germline stem cells and the niche. (uchicago.edu)
Cell division cycle of cultured neural precursor cells from Drosophila. (uchicago.edu)
Molecular genetics of the Drosophila melanogaster ovo locus, a gene required for sex determination of germline cells. (uchicago.edu)

Understanding this, and investigating the role of asymmetric mitotic nuclear envelope remodelling on cell fate, is what I aim to study in the future. (bscb.org)
After the mitotic cytoplasm is separated, the progeny cells originally located at the apical of the metaphase return to the basal membrane and become stem cells that continue to renew themselves. (guozhenglab.net)
Louvet-Vallee, S., Vinot, S. & Maro, B. Mitotic spindles and cleavage planes are oriented randomly in the two-cell mouse embryo. (nature.com)
The different stages of mitosis all together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle-the division of the mother cell into two genetically identical daughter cells. (mathisfunforum.com)
On a larger scale, mitotic cell division can create progeny from multicellular organisms, such as plants that grow from cuttings. (mathisfunforum.com)
Mitotic cell division enables sexually reproducing organisms to develop from the one-celled zygote, which itself was produced by meiotic cell division from gametes. (mathisfunforum.com)
The amitotic or mitotic cell division is more atypical and diverse in the various groups of organisms such as protists (namely diatoms, dinoflagellates etc.) and fungi. (mathisfunforum.com)
In mitotic metaphase, typically the chromosomes (each with 2 sister chromatid that they developed due to replication in the S phase of interphase) arranged and sister chromatids split and distributed towards daughter cells. (mathisfunforum.com)

All adult stem cells can undergo two types of division: symmetric and asymmetric. (wikipedia.org)
Like all cells, hematopoietic stem cells undergo metabolic shifts to meet their bioenergetic needs throughout development. (wikipedia.org)
A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can undergo an asymmetric self-renewal division to produce one descendant like itself and one descendant whose progeny ultimately differentiate into a defined cell type( Fuchs and Segre, 2000 ). (biologists.com)
In FGF8 negative mouse embryos, however,epiblast cells are able to move the TRD6 primitivestreak and undergo the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) but areunable to move away from the streak, preventing mesodermal and endodermaltissues from forming and greatly mutating the developing embryo (Sun et al,1999). (wallaceandjames.com)
The daughter cells at the basal differentiate into ganglion blasts (GMC) and then undergo a symmetrical division to produce a pair of nerves. (guozhenglab.net)
In response to chronic inflammation these cells can undergo a GI metaplasia and cystic hypertrophy which histologically and molecularly resemble side-branch IPMN, known precursors of PDAC. (nebraska.edu)
Prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) usually undergo a vegetative cell division known as binary fission, where their genetic material is segregated equally into two daughter cells. (mathisfunforum.com)

Proper cell fate decisions by neuroglia stem cells are critical for growing the cell lineages that form the brain during development and to maintain adult brain homeostasis. (stanford.edu)
Defects in cell fate control could explain many key defects present in brain tumors Of special emphasis, we study the establishment of cell fates within normal hierarchical brain lineages for comparison to the dysregulated cell-fate hierarchies seen in brain tumors. (stanford.edu)
In mammals, caspases affect various aspects of stem cell lineages. (ucl.ac.uk)
Although studies have identified unique transcription factors in the selection of normal pancreatic lineages, the cells of origin and molecular mechanisms arbitrating PDAC growth are poorly defined. (amegroups.org)
The mechanisms underlying the appearance of asymmetry between cells in the early embryo and consequently the specification of distinct cell lineages during mammalian development remain elusive. (nature.com)
Johnson, M. H. & Ziomek, C. A. The foundation of two distinct cell lineages within the mouse morula. (nature.com)
The generation of the embryonic CNS is a lineage-based process in which neural progenitors, called neuroblasts (NBs), give rise to largely invariant lineages of neural/glial cells. (biologists.com)
Cell lineage analysis techniques have been used to analyse most of the embryonic NB lineages at the histological level. (biologists.com)
Both of these lineages autonomously bring about two extremes of cell fate: the top micromeres stay inductive CP-724714 small molecule kinase inhibitor and develop the?singular fate of skeletogenic cells for the larval skeleton8, whereas the tiny micromeres bring about the primordial germ cells9,10. (biopaqc.com)

Here, we report that Caenorhabditis elegans CED-3 caspase regulates asymmetric cell division. (ucl.ac.uk)
Bmp2 signaling regulates the hepatic versus pancreatic fate decision. (ca.gov)
Indian hedgehog regulates intestinal stem cell fate through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during development. (ca.gov)
Furthermore, we show that Notch signalling positively regulates glial cells missing ( gcm ) expression in the context of SPG development. (biologists.com)
This signaling pathway is a highly conserved cell-to-cell communication system that regulates cell fate in development and disease. (5dok.org)
Eph/ephrin signaling is a cell-to-cell communication pathway, which regulates cell migration and proliferation. (5dok.org)

I then joined the C.Cabernard Lab (Switzerland) for my first postdoc, to explore how asymmetric spindle and cortical polarity are coupled to regulate asymmetric stem cell division and cell fate acquisition, in vivo. (bscb.org)
The precise mechanism by which Lin28B and let7 miRNA regulate mTORC1 activity in cochlear epithelial cells awaits further investigation. (encyclopedia.pub)
Stomata are specialized leaf epidermal cells which regulate photosynthetic CO 2 uptake and water loss by transpiration. (biomedcentral.com)
Stomata consist of two specialised guard cells which regulate CO 2 uptake and transpiration by changing the size of stomatal pores [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs regulate the G1-S transition and promote rapid proliferation. (ca.gov)
In order to better characterize this two stem cell population we propose a developmental sub-aim to evaluate the transcriptome by mRNA-Seq from minimal (10-cell) samples in order to identify unique markers for these cells, as well as understand key pathways that regulate this compartment during regeneration and inflammatory metaplasia. (nebraska.edu)
By identifying key factors that regulate these stem-like lymphocytes, we hope to open up new avenues for effective vaccination, immunomodulation and immunotherapy. (webspaceconfig.de)
During her postdoc at Indiana University, she studied proteins that interact with and regulate the microtubule cytoskeleton in spermatocytes, the cells that give rise to sperm cells. (genestogenomes.org)
However, despite a significant functional relevance of this form of whole-cell plasticity, little is known about the processes that regulate it. (biomedcentral.com)

The cosegregation of 'immortal' template DNA strands and their link with the asymmetry apparatus has important implications for stem cell biology and cancer. (nih.gov)
Dedicated to the advancement of research in all branches of cell biology. (bscb.org)
I then moved to the Beatson Institute in Glasgow to pursue my Doctoral degree in Cancer Cell Biology and have just recently graduated. (bscb.org)
Although my degree was in Biochemistry, I guess I was quite influenced by the many cell biologists who taught me and so it was a rather natural transition for me to go into cell biology for my graduate work. (bscb.org)
When this connection was made, it launched a whole new field," says Isidore Rigoutsos, Ph.D., professor of pathology, anatomy, and cell biology and director of the Computational Medicine Center at Thomas Jefferson University. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
A major problem in developmental biology is to understand how these flexible precursors make a specific choice of cell-type to adopt. (bath.ac.uk)
Increasingly, stem cell biology is being explored using a mathematical modelling approach which has often given key insights into how they function. (bath.ac.uk)
In parallel we will explore the mathematical basis for the three models, developing current models to describe PFR, and applying novel theoretical insights to stem cell biology to investigate the plausibility of both DFR and our novel Cyclical model. (bath.ac.uk)
Together, these studies will test a revolutionary view of neural crest stem cell biology. (bath.ac.uk)
ii) ZEB treatment can significantly reduce the heterogeneity of SP cells thus increasing the frequency of CSC;and (iii) the combination of an isolation procedure based on stem-like functional characteristics with epigenetic modulation provides an important tool for investigating cancer stem cells biology. (grantome.com)
In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle, in which, replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. (mathisfunforum.com)
Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
Organismal development and the role of stem cell mediated growth and homeostasis is in the research focus of the scientists participating in the Major „Developmental and Stem Cell Biology" . (uni-heidelberg.de)
One of the challenges in developmental biology is to understand how cells adopt specific characteristics during embryogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
I don't see many people who so seamlessly go back and forth between understanding of genetics and cell biology and developmental biology," says Yukiko Yamashita, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator at MIT and former postdoc in Fuller's lab. (genestogenomes.org)
Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)

Asymmetric segregation of NuRD during ACDs of C. elegans Q neuroblast. (elifesciences.org)
QL or QR neuroblast each generates three neurons and two apoptotic cells (Q.aa/Q.pp, X). QL produces PQR, PVM, and SDQL. (elifesciences.org)
Many of the 131 cells that are "programmed" to die during C. elegans development are the smaller daughter of a neuroblast that divides asymmetrically by size and fate. (ucl.ac.uk)
We have previously shown that CED-3 caspase is activated in such neuroblasts, and that before neuroblast division, a gradient of CED-3 caspase activity is formed in a ced-1 MEGF10 (multiple EGF-like domains 10)-dependent manner. (ucl.ac.uk)
We speculate that the new nonapoptotic function of C. elegans CED-3 caspase in asymmetric neuroblast division is relevant to the function(s) of mammalian caspases in stem cells. (ucl.ac.uk)
the neuroblast stage has the highest temporal variance within the cell types of the neurogenic cascade, while the apoptotic stage is short. (biomedcentral.com)

Production of these progenitors does not come without a cost: When grown under laboratory conditions that induce proliferation, HSCs lose their ability to divide and produce new progenitors. (wikipedia.org)
The complex PDAC pathobiology is established predominantly through KRAS mutations and the associated cellular signaling that contributes to cell proliferation and dedifferentiation ( 5 , 6 ). (amegroups.org)
Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)

Both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms determine distinct daughter cell fates after ACD. (elifesciences.org)
Spana and Doe, 1996 ) (mediated by Notch and Delta and cell-cell interaction), are involved in the specification of daughter cell fates. (biologists.com)

Caenorhabditis elegans represents a valuable model for investigating ACD, given its invariant cell lineage and conserved mechanisms of ACD. (elifesciences.org)
However, Dad-lacZ expression within the germline is present only in GSCs and to a lower level in CBs, suggesting there are mechanisms that actively restrict Dpp signaling in germ cells. (biologists.com)
The mechanisms for cell fate decisions in the human brain are largely unknown. (stanford.edu)
By using patient-derived cells from brain surgeries, we investigate cell fate decision mechanisms in the normal brain and in brain malignancies. (stanford.edu)
France), I worked on the molecular mechanisms underlying the cortical remodelling and successive shape modifications that accompany symmetric cell division (S.Carreno and F.Payre Labs). (bscb.org)
Including discussions of the molecular basis of polarization mechanisms, asymmetric division of stem cells during development, the generation of left-right asymmetry of the body axis in mammals, and theoretical approaches to symmetry breaking, the volume is a vital reference for molecular, cell, and developmental biologists, as well as physical scientists interested in how and why symmetry breaking occurs in living systems. (cshlpress.com)
During epicardial formation in mice, four different mechanisms of pro-epicardial cell translocation to the myocardium can be identified, with CDC42 playing a key role. (silverchair.com)
While much is known about biochemical signaling, many of the mechanisms that drive cell outcome in response to biophysical influences remain to be uncovered. (5dok.org)
of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)

Moreover, no cytotoxicity towards mammalian and red blood cells at the concentrations tested was observed for any of the compounds under investigation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Lin28A is required for hair cell regeneration in the mammalian cochlea, and may function in redundant processes with Lin28B [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Moreover, in multicellular organisms, symmetry breaking allows the generation of cells with different fates and underpins the complex arrangement of tissues and organs achieved during embryogenesis. (cshlpress.com)

Meryem Ok, BME graduate student in the UNC MD-PhD program, recently received a four-year National Research Service Award (NRSA F30) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases for her proposal titled, "A Novel Planar Crypt Microarray for Real-Time Evaluation of Human Intestinal Stem Cell Fate. (unc.edu)

Evidence of temporary airway epithelial repopulation and rare clonal formation by BM-derived cells following naphthalene injury in mice. (ca.gov)
At this time, the stem cells strongly activate the Notch signal in EB and promote EB to differentiate into epithelial cells(EC). (guozhenglab.net)
SEGGA is an easy to use software that allows for the quantitative analysis of changes in cell shape, movement and polarity at single-cell resolution during epithelial remodeling in various species. (silverchair.com)
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stem cell niches are responsible for life-long renewal of most epithelial surfaces throughout the body. (nebraska.edu)
To date little is known about these somatic stem cell niches or their contribution to pancreatic epithelial regeneration and cancer. (nebraska.edu)
Our laboratory has recently discovered a novel epithelial stem cell compartment, Pancreatic Duct Glands (PDG). (nebraska.edu)
We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)

As mentioned above, quiescent cells maintain a low level of oxidative phosphorylation and primarily rely on glycolysis to generate energy. (wikipedia.org)
In the healthy brain, neuroglia stem cells generate progenitors, which in turn give rise to differentiating cells that will eventually acquire their final functional state. (stanford.edu)
This image illustrates the diversity of cells that work together to generate a functional brain. (bscb.org)
Thecell can then generate a protein gradient in the extracellular space so thatother cells can respond to the proteins through Patched (Ptch), a transmembranereceptor protein. (wallaceandjames.com)
This Spotlight article summarizes the different approaches to performing single-cell transcriptomics on organoids, highlighting how they can generate mechanistic models of human development and disease. (silverchair.com)
Studying how stem cells replicate and retain their ability to generate specialized cells could have important implications in cancer research as well as regenerative medicine. (genestogenomes.org)
Cells more cranial in the pSHF contribute to the atrioventricular canal (AVC) and atria, whereas those more caudal generate the sinus venosus, but there is intermixing of fate throughout the pSHF. (pasteur.fr)
embryonic neuroblasts divide to both self-renew Rabbit Polyclonal to ADRB1 also to asymmetrically?generate the neurons from the larval anxious program2. (biopaqc.com)
Figure 5: Depiction of the process to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. (the-dna-universe.com)
that is, they have the ability to generate other stem cells and perpetuate themselves. (bvsalud.org)

Here we show dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis in astrocytes generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from males with fragile X syndrome (FXS), which is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability. (bvsalud.org)
Ahr deletion alters the landscape of colonic crypt cell-cell NPY Y4 receptor Agonist list communication We also analyzed putative ligand-receptor interactions inside the colon and modeled cell-cell communication involving different cell types, which is vital for keeping cellular and tissue homeostasis (39). (bcrablinhibitor.com)

During two years as an instructor and head of a research group in Munich, Germany, Dr. Petritsch and her team showed that cell fate determinants use a bimodal mechanism (diffusion and active capturing) for proper intracellular location. (stanford.edu)
This suggests that coactivation of Lin28B and Follistatin may represent an endogenous mechanism mediating reprogramming of supporting cells for hair cell regeneration. (encyclopedia.pub)
We show that the genesis of a subset of glial cells, the subperineurial glia (SPGs), involves a new mechanism and requires Notch. (biologists.com)
This mechanism of specifying glial cell fates within the CNS is novel and provides further insight into regulatory interactions leading to glial cell fate determination. (biologists.com)
One mechanism is asymmetric cleavages and unequal segregation of localized cytoplasmic factors. (biomedcentral.com)

TRD1 Bodyaxes establishmentOneof the first and most important developmental steps during early embryogenesisis the process of gastrulation, which differentiates ofTRD2 the fertilized oocyte into the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm germ layers.Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) signaling plays a central role in gastrulationand helps establish the dorsal/ventral and left/right axes of the developingembryo by specifying mesodermal cell fates through the Ras/MAPK cascade (Oki etal, 2010). (wallaceandjames.com)
During each rotation, different techniques frequently used in the analysis of developmental and stem cell processes will be applied (see table below). (uni-heidelberg.de)
How does the developmental program add layers of regulation on fundamental cellular processes like cell division, transcription and mRNA processing to specify specialized cell types. (genestogenomes.org)

HIF2α protects the cell from ROS accumulation by up regulating several genes involved in ROS quenching, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase type I, and superoxide dismutases. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike the other E(spl)-C genes, the gene is expressed within neuronal cells in the embryo. (sdbonline.org)
Our transcriptomics results showed significant upregulation in genes related to inflammation, ER and Golgi dysfunction, ER stress, cell adhesion, as well as Coat Protein Complex-I and -II (COP-I, COP-II) vesicle transport. (bvsalud.org)
Genes related to cellular division were downregulated, as well as key genes of lipid and sterol biosynthesis. (bvsalud.org)
ItTRD4 induces Snail expression, whichdownregulates ectodermal genes in the mesoderm by repressing E-cadherin, and induces TRD5 T and Tbx6 expression which specifies mesodermal fate and helps establishthe left/right axis via Notch signaling. (wallaceandjames.com)
CSC-associated genes, such as ABCG2, CD133, GPC3 and c-KIT, as well as pluripotency related genes (OCT4, NANOG) were selectively overexpressed in the SP cells. (grantome.com)
Consistent with our in vivo and in vitro results, ZEB treatment significantly amplified the differences in the expression levels of CSC and stemness associated genes between SP and non-SP cells. (grantome.com)
Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
Somatic cells can be converted into stem cells through the introduction of specific genes (e.g. (the-dna-universe.com)

By studying male germ cells within the context of their cellular neighborhood, Fuller showed that signals coming from surrounding cells coordinate with behavior of cytoskeleton components to induce the stem cells to divide asymmetrically. (genestogenomes.org)

We now show that CED-3 caspase is necessary for the ability of neuroblasts to divide asymmetrically by size. (ucl.ac.uk)
Based on these findings, we propose that CED-3 caspase plays a critical role in the asymmetric division by size and fate of neuroblasts, and that this contributes to the reproducibility and robustness with which the smaller daughter cell is produced and adopts the apoptotic fate. (ucl.ac.uk)

Her postdoctoral studies on neural stem cells and asymmetric cell division in the Lab of Dr. Yuh Nung Jan at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and University of San Francisco, California implied for the first time a minus-end directed myosin in the process of cell fate determination. (stanford.edu)
Fly hairs, which are actually mechanosensory organs, are a well-established system to study cell fate determination following asymmetric cell division, and as such help our understanding of asymmetric cell fate determination during stem cell division in humans. (cam.ac.uk)

DGCR8 is essential for microRNA biogenesis and silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal. (ca.gov)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have high regenerative potentials and are capable of differentiating into all blood and immune system cells. (wikipedia.org)

Strikingly, some of these cells display selective template-DNA strand segregation during mitosis in the muscle fibre in vivo, as well as in culture independent of their niche, indicating that genomic DNA strands are nonequivalent. (nih.gov)
completed, technical barriers to mass cell production will have been eliminated making transfusion with ex-vivo generated red cells a reality. (bioinf.org)
Probing cell type-specific functions of Gi in vivo identifies GPCR regulators of insulin secretion. (ca.gov)
Rossant, J. & Lis, W. T. Potential of isolated mouse inner cell masses to form trophectoderm derivatives in vivo . (nature.com)
To accomplish this aim we propose to use in an in vivo lineage tagging and PDG cell-specific oncogene activation strategy in mice to identify PDG as the compartment of origin for IPMN and invasive cancer. (nebraska.edu)
Using biologically relevant elastic substrates to study cell function in vitro has proven beneficial, as the in vivo microenvironment usually is much softer than rigid plastic dishes. (5dok.org)
Using BrdU pulse-and-chase experiment to label proliferating cells and their progeny in vivo, we quantified labeled newborn cells and fit the model on the experimental data. (biomedcentral.com)

We identify the vacuolar H + -adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase) complex as a crucial regulator of NuRD's asymmetric segregation. (elifesciences.org)
We suggest that asymmetric segregation of V-ATPase may cause distinct acidification levels in the two daughter cells, enabling asymmetric epigenetic inheritance that specifies their respective life-versus-death fates. (elifesciences.org)
The authors propose that the asymmetric segregation of the NuRD complex in C. elegans is regulated in a V-ATPase-dependent manner, that this plays a crucial role in determining the differential expression of the apoptosis activator egl-1 and that it is therefore critical for the life/death fate decision in this species. (elifesciences.org)
When germ-soma segregation is completed, CAB structures are missing from the newly formed primordial germ cells (PGCs). (biomedcentral.com)
PEM-1 has a role in repressing gene expression in the germ line precursor cells during germ-soma segregation [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

As a result of work done on an ongoing BBSRC grant studying neural crest stem cells in zebrafish embryos, we are proposing a revolutionary new view, which we believe reconciles these conflicts. (bath.ac.uk)
Rossant, J. & Vijh, K. M. Ability of outside cells from preimplantation mouse embryos to form inner cell mass derivatives. (nature.com)
This is seen in ascidian embryos, which develop in a typical mosaic manner, where maternally supplied factors control cell fate specification reviewed by [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This structure is called the centrosome-attracting body (CAB), which is first detectable in the B4.1 blastomeres of 8-cell stage embryos [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Later, adult stem cells dedicated to specific tissues maintain and repair many organs in the body throughout life. (genestogenomes.org)
Some specialized cell types, like skin, blood, lining of the intestine and colon, and sperm are continually replenished, each from their own dedicated adult stem cells. (genestogenomes.org)
When such adult stem cells divide, they must not only spawn cells able to specialize into the correct cell type(s) but also produce new stem cells to maintain regenerative capacity. (genestogenomes.org)
Adult stem cells are more specialised than embryonic stem cells and can be found in different organs throughout the body, where they divide and further differentiate to replenish lost cells. (the-dna-universe.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (mesenchymal stromal cells) are another type of adult stem cells that have been featured prominently in clinical trials recently due to their ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types. (the-dna-universe.com)

When a cell undergoes symmetric division, it can either produce two differentiated cells or two new stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
When a cell undergoes asymmetric division, it produces one stem and one differentiated cell. (wikipedia.org)
Each GSC undergoes an asymmetric self-renewal division that gives rise to both a GSC,which remains associated with the CpCs, and a more posterior located cystoblast (CB). (biologists.com)

Consistent with this activity, functional analyses in mice suggest that Lin28B plays an important role in hair cell development and regeneration. (encyclopedia.pub)
Therapies based on the application of stem cells have great potential in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injuries, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and in the regeneration of various tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)

Numb establishes cell polarity in the gonadal coelomic epithelium and is required for asymmetric cell division and somatic cell fate specification during gonadogenesis. (silverchair.com)
Wnt4 and Wnt11 cooperatively contribute to NMJ formation in mice through activation of both the canonical and Vangl2-dependent core planar cell polarity pathways. (silverchair.com)

In vitro treatment with 100 M ZEB for 3 days caused a significant reduction of the SP fraction in all three cell lines. (grantome.com)
In vitro and in viv strategies are also proposed to determine if these cells have multipotential capacity. (nebraska.edu)
Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
Understanding how stem cells behave in the niche is extremely important in order to extract these cells from their natural habitat, expand them in vitro and transplant the stem cells back to the patient, to repair and/or regenerate tissues and organs, with no risks to the individual's integrity. (bvsalud.org)

This process gets rid of unneeded cells and is particularly important for "sculpting" tissue and organ structure during development of the embryo (or larval metamorphosis in insects), but may occur at any time even in adult cells when a tissue needs to be remodeled. (agemed.org)
It represents a masterpiece of temporal and spatial coordination of gene expression, of cellular events and communication between many different cell and tissue types. (uni-heidelberg.de)
She realized the overarching fundamental principles you could learn from studying a tissue where there are stem cells present that continue to divide throughout the whole adult lifespan," says Julie Brill of the Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, another of Fuller's former postdocs. (genestogenomes.org)
Niches are special microenvironments in tissue where stem cells are located. (bvsalud.org)

In addition, Lin28B functions to enhance the regenerative competence of maturing supporting cells in the cochlea through cooperation with Follistatin, which inhibits Lin28B-induced TGF-ß signaling that can trigger proliferative quiescence [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
This astonishing regenerative ability of stem cells and their potential therapeutic applications have intrigued scientists for years, and we are now starting to see the results of the scientists' hard work in the form of successful treatments for illnesses that were previously difficult to treat. (the-dna-universe.com)

Moreover, in females doubly mutant for bam and the ubiquitin protein ligase Smurf , the number of germ cells responsive to Dpp is greatly increased relative to the number observed in either single mutant. (biologists.com)
Chromatin spread of a mouse embryonic ovarian germ cell during pachytene stage. (silverchair.com)
Germ cell formation has been investigated in sessile forms of tunicates. (biomedcentral.com)
In free-swimming tunicates, knowledge about germ cell formation is lacking. (biomedcentral.com)
In this investigation, comparative gene expression and electron microscopy studies were used to address germ cell formation in Oikopleura dioica ( O. dioica ). (biomedcentral.com)
We found no localization of vasa ( vas ) transcripts to any sub-region within the germ-line precursor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The CAB structure also contains germ plasm components [ 4 ] and participates in the unequal cleavages of the posterior blastomeres located in the vegetal hemisphere (B4.1, B5.2, B6.3, B7.6) from the 8-cell stage to the gastrulation stage. (biomedcentral.com)
When the B7.6 blastomeres divide, they produce two distinct populations of daughter cells, two primordial germ cells (B8.12) and two endodermal strand cells (B8.11) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
vas is a well-known germ cell marker. (biomedcentral.com)
Induction of germ cells at the anterior pole of the egg. (uchicago.edu)

Despite this impressive potential, HSCs have limited potential to produce more multipotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)

Here, we demonstrate that the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex is asymmetrically segregated into the surviving daughter cell rather than the apoptotic one during ACDs in Caenorhabditis elegans . (elifesciences.org)
The absence of NuRD triggers apoptosis via the EGL-1-CED-9-CED-4-CED-3 pathway, while an ectopic gain of NuRD enables apoptotic daughter cells to survive. (elifesciences.org)
It is noteworthy that 105 of the 131 apoptotic cells (Q.aa and Q.pp), respectively ( Figure 1A ). (elifesciences.org)

V-ATPase interacts with NuRD and is asymmetrically segregated into the surviving daughter cell. (elifesciences.org)

examined the outer wall of onion epidermal cells through atomic-force microscopy, stress-strain functional assays, and mesoscale coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD). (plantae.org)
Our results support the use of DNA label retention to identify MaSC and also provide a molecular profile and novel candidate markers for these cells. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, adult neurogenesis represents another means, apart from molecular, synaptic, or morphological changes of an individual cell, to alter the functional circuitry depending on the demand. (biomedcentral.com)

Many cell fate decisions in higher animals are based on intercellular communication governed by the Notch signaling pathway. (sdbonline.org)
At this time, EMC expresses Notch signaling pathway ligand, weakly activates Notch signaling pathway in stem cells, inhibits the expression of Sc, maintains stem cell stemness, and then divides into a pair of endocrine cells. (guozhenglab.net)
③ When the Notch signal is additionally activated in stem cells and progeny cells, the stem cells differentiate into EC cells. (guozhenglab.net)
④When the Notch signaling pathway is mutated in stem cells and progeny cells, ISC-like or ee-like intestinal tumors are formed. (guozhenglab.net)
We have therefore investigated the role of matrix stiffness in Notch signaling in breast cancer cells. (5dok.org)
Our results show that we can tune cell stiffness and migration by regulating Notch activity and matrix stiffness. (5dok.org)
We propose an opportunity to target the cancer cell/microenvironment interface instead of the Notch pathway itself in the development of cancer therapies. (5dok.org)

All cell types in the body derive from stem or other precursor cells. (bath.ac.uk)

CRIPTO then interacts with its cell surface receptor GRP78 to activate glycolytic enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
Global interactions amongst ligand-receptor pairs have been distributed in between distinct cell kinds and comparisons involving WT and KO groups examined with respect for the differential interaction strength amongst the two groups (Figure 6A and 6B). (bcrablinhibitor.com)
out there in PMC 2022 July 01.Yang et al.Pagedetected interactions into signaling pathways and compared the sum of interaction intensity amongst all ligand-receptor pairings of cell groups (also called the data flow) between the WT and KO groups (Figure 6C). (bcrablinhibitor.com)
Even though signaling pathways like KIT (stem cell factor receptor c-Kit), GRN (granulin), EGF (epidermal development element), and GALECTIN (galectin-9/TIM-3) were detected in each WT and KO cells, some pathways have been exclusively detected in either WT (e.g. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
In the second antennal segment (2 in the image) stands a mass of receptor cells, called the Johnston organ. (cherrybiotech.com)

The reason from this is likely two-fold: LT-HSCs reside within the hypoxic niche of the bone marrow, and low levels of mitochondrial respiration protect quiescent cells from damage induced ROS. (wikipedia.org)
Using pulse-chase labelling with BrdU to mark the putative stem cell niche, we identify a subpopulation of label-retaining satellite cells during growth and after injury. (nih.gov)
Decapentaplegic (Dpp), a BMP2/4 homologue, has been postulated to act as a highly localized niche signal that maintains a GSC fate solely by repressing bam transcription. (biologists.com)
Gene expression patterns of human colon tops and basal crypts and BMP antagonists as intestinal stem cell niche factors. (ca.gov)
Stem cell niche. (bvsalud.org)

These stem cells in turn are able to proliferate and re-differentiate to give rise to any other cell type. (the-dna-universe.com)

However, the process of partitioning different epigenetic information into daughter cells remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)
The opposing cell fates of daughter cells, i.e., to live or die, offer a compelling experimental system for investigating how epigenetic inheritance determines life versus death decisions during ACD. (elifesciences.org)
Given that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role both in stem cell and cancer development, we chose epigenic modulation as an additional tool to narrow down the heterogeneity of SP-fraction. (grantome.com)
ii) to investigate the effect of epigenetic modulation on the cancer stem cells by treatment with the DMNT1-inhibtior Zebularine (ZEB). (grantome.com)

Resolution of cell fate decisions revealed by single-cell gene expression analysis from zygote to blastocyst. (nature.com)
zygote iteratively divides you start with a big anterior and a smaller sized posterior blastomere asymmetrically, both with specific cell fate determinants1. (biopaqc.com)

We will then use a sensitive technique to look at such cell-types directly in the embryo. (bath.ac.uk)
We examined the contribution of pSHF cells, labeled by lipophilic dye at the 4- to 6-somite stage, to regions of the heart at 20 to 25 somites, using mouse embryo culture. (pasteur.fr)
The initial asymmetric cell department in the ocean urchin embryo takes place on the 16-cell stage, yielding four macromeres and four micromeres. (biopaqc.com)
Fig.?7b, c, arrows), resembling the 16-cell stage of the sea urchin embryo. (biopaqc.com)
From a one cell embryo, a syncytial embryo is rapidly developed. (cherrybiotech.com)

It is relatively well documented that transcription factors and signaling pathways are critically involved in the formation of inner ear structures and in the development of hair cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
Amongst its associated pathways are proteoglycans in cancer and cell adhesion_ECM remodeling. (bcrablinhibitor.com)

LIN28 (LIN28A and LIN28B) proteins are highly conserved small cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that function as pluripotency factors, regulating the transition from self-renewal to a differentiated cell fate [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Under the action of Mira, Pros is collected on the cell membrane on the basal side of stem cells. (guozhenglab.net)
The division axis is perpendicular to the 'Apical-basal' axis, producing two progeny cells, one large and one small. (guozhenglab.net)
4) The apical polar protein and the basal cell fate determining factors are distributed asymmetrically in the two daughter cells. (guozhenglab.net)
C: In the metaphase of asymmetric division of intestinal stem cells, the Par protein complex is located on the apical of the cell membrane, and Miranda and Prospero are located on the basal of the cell membrane, forming a spindle axis perpendicular to the basement membrane. (guozhenglab.net)
With the progress of mitosis, the spindle axis continuously deflects from the state perpendicular to the basement membrane until it is parallel to the basal membrane at the end of division. (guozhenglab.net)
Prospero protein enters the nucleus of the progeny cells originally located at the basal, allowing the progeny cells to differentiate into endocrine cells. (guozhenglab.net)

The large progeny cells at the apical continue to occupy the apical position of the neural stem cells in the outermost ectoderm, maintaining the self-renewal of the stem cells. (guozhenglab.net)

The micromeres accumulate a number of transcription- selectively, translation-, and signaling elements (e.g. cell department on the 8C16 cell stage (Fig.?7a). (biopaqc.com)
Myc, Oct3/4, Sox2 and Klf4) that encode transcription factors (Yamanaka factors) for the conversion of somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. (the-dna-universe.com)
Ident- cult to deduce interaction rules from observations of the ified transcription factors for specific cell fates are, for entire system. (lu.se)

Tumor-initiating stem-like cells (TICs) are defective in maintaining asymmetric cell division and responsible for tumor recurrence. (nature.com)
It is known that brain tumor cells, on the other hand, defy many general principles of neurobiology. (stanford.edu)
We studied tumor cell signaling in the cell subsets to understand the tumor-inhibitory potentials of EBF2. (amegroups.org)
In contrast, Akt-phosphorylation, β-catenin, and c-Myc are repressed in the cells, presumably inhibiting tumor growth. (amegroups.org)
The tumor-promoting signals such as Akt-phosphorylation, β-catenin, and c-Myc were upregulated in the cells compared to the controls. (amegroups.org)
The existence of tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (CSC) has been shown in a variety of solid tumors (e.g. breast, prostate, glioblastoma, liver). (grantome.com)
Consistent in all three HCC cell lines, an overall increase in tumor frequency was observed for SP cells regardless of ZEB treatment during the first 8 wk after transplantation. (grantome.com)
Limited dilution analysis (LDA) revealed a remarkable enrichment of tumor initiating cells within the SP fraction from all cell lines as compared to non-SP cells (3.1-fold, P=0.009 and 4.3-fold, P=0.001, at 6 and 8 wk, respectively). (grantome.com)
However at 10 wk, the differences became less pronounced although the tumor frequency in the group of mice receiving 100 SP cells remained higher (7/12 vs. 3/12 in non-SP). (grantome.com)
ZEB treatment significantly increased the number of tumor initiated cells in SP fraction. (grantome.com)
LDA analysis performed at 10 wk revealed a 15-fold increase in the tumor-initiating capacity of SP cells compared to non-SP (P=5.45x10x6). (grantome.com)

Cell-fate-determinant molecule NUMB-interacting protein (TBC1D15) is overexpressed and contributes to p53 degradation in TICs. (nature.com)
In contrast to the above model, we find that an enhancer trap inserted near the Dpp target gene, Daughters against Dpp ( Dad ), is expressed in additional somatic cells within the germarium,suggesting that Dpp protein may be distributed throughout the anterior germarium. (biologists.com)
TRD10 TheHedgehog (hh) signaling pathway is one of the key methods by which this occurs.TRD11 Inthe Hedgehog signaling pathway the hh TRD12 proteinis produced and processed in the cytoplasm, creating an active protein and twolipids, which help transport and attach the protein to the cell membrane. (wallaceandjames.com)
This protein promotes stem cell properties (37), plays a key function in cell surface structure adhesion, migration, and organization, and has been implicated in colon cancer initiation (38). (bcrablinhibitor.com)
Pros protein is located in the nucleus of endocrine cells. (guozhenglab.net)
The divisome is a protein complex in bacteria that is responsible for cell division, constriction of inner and outer membranes during division, and peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis at the division site. (mathisfunforum.com)
A tubulin-like protein, FtsZ plays a critical role in formation of a contractile ring for the cell division. (mathisfunforum.com)
Coming from physics, she was fascinated by how cells change shape and how protein-based machines build structures inside the cell. (genestogenomes.org)

Pros is located in the cytoplasm during symmetrical division. (guozhenglab.net)
which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane of one cell into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. (mathisfunforum.com)

Cells sense and respond to the mechanics of their substrate - be it the extracellular matrix, neighboring cells or artificial matrix in cell culture. (5dok.org)

Metabolic shifts also guide development in HSCs and are one key factor in determining if an HSC will remain quiescent, symmetrically divide, or asymmetrically divide. (wikipedia.org)
Accumulating evidence highlights emerging functions of RBPs in the post-transcriptional regulation of inner ear development and hair cell function. (encyclopedia.pub)
They are required for cell division, development, and movement in all organisms from single-celled species to human beings. (cshlpress.com)
We have been looking at the formation of pigment cell-types from the neural crest, as a model of neural crest development in general. (bath.ac.uk)
Graham, C. F. & Lehtonen, E. Formation and consequences of cell patterns in preimplantation mouse development. (nature.com)
The development of a living organism from a single cell is a spectacular process. (uni-heidelberg.de)

The structures of the adult organism need not only to be established, but are also maintained throughout adult life by the activity of stem cells in their respective niches. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Some adult stem cell niches have already been described, but the majority of them remain unclear, including the dental pulp stem cell niches. (bvsalud.org)

The models they developed closely match the structures, dynamics and functions of the real cell walls. (plantae.org)
New structures are generated from the formation of the imaginal disks, developed from larval undifferentiated cells. (cherrybiotech.com)

Finally, we show that template DNA cosegregates with Numb in label-retaining cells that express the self-renewal marker Pax7. (nih.gov)

Anatomy53

Organisms17

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Progenitor25

Differentiation24

Divisions18

Drosophila15

Mitotic8

Undergo7

Lineages9

Regulates6

Regulate9

Biology17

Neuroblast6

Proliferation5

Daughter cell fates2

Mechanisms9

Mammalian2

Different fates1

Intestinal stem cell fate1

Epithelial7

Generate10

Homeostasis2

Mechanism5

Developmental3

Genes9

Induce1

Neuroblasts2

Determination2

Embryonic stem1

Hematopoietic stem1

Vivo7

Segregation5

Embryos4

Adult stem5

Undergoes3

Regeneration2

Polarity2

Vitro4

Tissue4

Regenerative2

Germ10

Multipotent stem1

Apoptotic3

Asymmetrically segregated1

Molecular3

NOTCH7

Precursor cells1

Receptor5

Niche5

Proliferate1

Epigenetic4

Zygote2

Embryo5

Pathways2

Highly conserved1

Basal6

Progeny1

Transcription3

Tumor11

Protein8

Cytoplasm2

Extracellular1

Development6

Niches2

Structures2

Numb1