• Histones modifications in chromatin were analyzed at various time intervals (along a 6-day period) following the initiation of in vitro embryonic stem cell differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • These results indicate a decrease in the level of active euchromatin epigenetic marks upon initiation of embryonic stem cell differentiation which is then followed immediately by reprogramming of the epigenome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Over the last decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted extensive attention in the field of bone regeneration [ 4 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • MSCs are a population of nonhematopoietic adult stem cells that have the property of self-renewal and can differentiate into multiple lineages [ 8 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • With the in-depth researches of MSCs, an increasing number of studies have indicated that the therapeutic effects of MSCs can be attributed not only to their differentiation capacity but also to their paracrine action [ 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In this study, we investigated the modulation of pDC differentiation in Flt-3 ligand (Flt3L)-supplemented BM cultures, using highly purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that were FACS-isolated from murine BM based on surface marker expression and used after in vitro expansion. (nih.gov)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), distributed in many tissues in the human body, are multipotent cells capable of differentiating in specific directions. (wjgnet.com)
  • It is usually considered that the differentiation process of MSCs depends on specialized external stimulating factors, including cell signaling pathways, cytokines, and other physical stimuli. (wjgnet.com)
  • Recent findings have revealed other underrated roles in the differentiation process of MSCs, such as material morphology and exosomes. (wjgnet.com)
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous subset of stromal stem cells that originate from the mesoderm layer of the fetus. (tocris.com)
  • This study demonstrates the use of a microfluidic platform for long-term cultivation (3 weeks) of human mesenchymal stem-like cells (MSCs), a cell population of high interest for tissue engineering. (rsc.org)
  • The typical high motility of the MSCs required a strategy for preventing cells from inhabiting the feeding channels and thus interfere with a steady perfusion of medium to the cell cultivation chamber. (rsc.org)
  • Successful and reproducible adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in the device was demonstrated, verifying that an adequate long-term microfluidic cultivation environment was obtained. (rsc.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) obtained from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) constitute an interesting alternative to classical MSCs in regenerative medicine. (unlp.edu.ar)
  • Among their many mechanisms of action, MSC extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a potential suitable substitute for MSCs in future cell-free-based therapeutic approaches. (unlp.edu.ar)
  • Our mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation medium has been optimized for the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) in tissue culture plastic-ware. (3hbiomedical.com)
  • This report addresses the issue of optimizing extracellular matrix protein density required to support osteogenic lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by culturing MSCs on surface-bound density gradients of immobilized collagen type I (COL1) and osteopontin (OPN). (monash.edu)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ASCs, and were first described in 1966 by Friedenstein et al. (bvsalud.org)
  • We apply our method to study differences between human pluripotent stem cells and several cell types including their parental cell line and differentiated progeny. (nature.com)
  • To get a new insight into pluripotency, we employed a plurifaceted experimental design combining expression proteomics with the proteome-wide integral solubility alteration (PISA) assay 7 to compare pluripotent cells with their isogenic progenies and parental cells as well as with allogeneic cells. (nature.com)
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells, iPSCs, are mature, differentiated cells, such as skin cells, that are reprogrammed in the laboratory to be similar to undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. (jove.com)
  • That is, they divide and are pluripotent, able to produce any cell type in the body. (jove.com)
  • These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells-able to produce all cell types-and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (jove.com)
  • The transcription factors then turn on many other genes that are expressed by embryonic stem cells, returning the cells to an undifferentiated, proliferative, and pluripotent state. (jove.com)
  • In previous studies, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into imDCs, and sinomenine (SN) was used to inhibit the maturation of imDCs. (newswise.com)
  • This study focused on exploring sinomenine (SN) to promote differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into imDCs (SN-iPSCs-imDCs), and found SN-iPSCs-imDCs with worse donor-specific T-cell stimulatory function, and higher regulatory T-cell proliferative function in vitro and in vivo to induce high immune tolerance. (newswise.com)
  • Written by Rebecca Quelch and Stefan Przyborski from Durham University (UK), this poster describes the isolation of pluripotent stem cells, their maintenance in culture, differentiation, and the generation and potential uses of organoids. (tocris.com)
  • Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells, meaning that they can give rise to all tissues in the body. (utexas.edu)
  • Finally, we used this approach to encapsulate human Neural Stem Cells (hNSC) derived from human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hIPSC), which were further differentiated into neurons within the capsules with negligible loss of viability. (rsc.org)
  • Here, we address the question of mitochondrial adaptation by examining the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to cardiac progenitors and further to differentiated mesodermal derivatives, including functional cardiomyocytes. (uib.no)
  • Thus, our work highlights similarities in mitochondrial remodeling during the transition from pluripotent to multipotent state in ectodermal and mesodermal lineages, while at the same time demonstrating cell-lineage-specific adaptations upon further differentiation. (uib.no)
  • We aim to develop a cell culture platform to automatically differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for lab-on-a chip applications. (dim-elicit.fr)
  • Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can differentiate into somatic cells ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • To address these questions, particularly in a human-relevant system, we have focused upon the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to assess their ability to give rise to RGCs, with a particular emphasis upon ipRGC differentiation. (indianactsi.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent progenitor cells that have the capacity to differentiate into several mesenchymal tissues: osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. (3hbiomedical.com)
  • We report thermo-responsive retinoic acid (RA)-loaded poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-acrylamide (PNIPAM-co-Am) nanoparticles for directing human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) fate. (edu.au)
  • Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
  • Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
  • Human neuronal stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell, iPSC, cultures are of high scientific and practical interest in drug discovery, toxicology and for future therapeutic applications. (neuroproof.com)
  • 3 Embrionic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst and form all cell types, derived from the three germ layers, and are therefore pluripotent. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using this type of direct conversion approach rather than making them from induced pluripotent stem cells, where they revert into a naïve state, helps to retain the epigenetic age of the patient in the generated interneurons. (lu.se)
  • No evidence of tumour formation was observed in the transplanted animals, a major concern when utilising a pluripotent cell source. (lu.se)
  • These progenitors which are derived from either embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or healthy induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) express wild-type levels of a-syn, thus making them equally susceptible to developing Lewy bodies over time. (lu.se)
  • Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)
  • In contrast to recent findings in neuronal differentiation, we found that mitochondrial content decreases continuously during mesoderm differentiation, despite increased mitochondrial activity and higher levels of ATP-linked respiration. (uib.no)
  • Immunocytochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that neuronal differentiation of hiPSC-derived neuronal precursors was enhanced after treatment with 1-2 μg/ml RA-loaded PCANs. (edu.au)
  • We have developed and established protocols for human iPSC neurons on microelectrode arrays, MEAs, together with our commercial partners who offer iPSC-neurons and neuronal progenitor cells, NPC's. (neuroproof.com)
  • We compare stem cell-derived neuronal network activity patterns with primary cell recordings. (neuroproof.com)
  • Human iPSC derived neuronal cell cultures cultivated on microelectrode arrays. (neuroproof.com)
  • Primary neuronal cell cultures from mouse and iPSC derived neuronal cultures show similar activity development over time. (neuroproof.com)
  • Glutamatergic and dopaminergic hIPSC derived neural cultures develop synchron activity patterns over time comaparable to primary neuronal cell cultures. (neuroproof.com)
  • 2001. Subchronic dermal application of N,N-diethyl m-toluamide (DEET) and permethrin to adult rats, alone or in combination, causes diffuse neuronal cell death and cytoskeletal abnormalities in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus, and purkinje neuron loss in the cerebellum. (cdc.gov)
  • Shane Grealish: Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: The Importance of Neuronal Subtype, Cell Source and Connectivity for Functional Recovery. (lu.se)
  • The aim of this thesis was to understand how particular factors such as neuronal content, placement and cell source, affect functional outcome after transplantation into the rodent brain. (lu.se)
  • Through understanding functional recovery in terms of neuronal subtype and connectivity, the work presented in this thesis aims to bring the prospect of CRT closer to the clinic, I also describe the generation of a very promising alternative cell source that could rival fetal tissue. (lu.se)
  • Direct neuronal conversion of resident glial cells is advantageous since they are ubiquitously distributed brain cells able to self-renew and replenish their number, making them ideal candidates for endogenous repair. (lu.se)
  • Multi-omics approach reveals dysregulated genes during hESCs neuronal differentiation exposure to paracetamol. (cdc.gov)
  • The mammalian epigenome undergoes global remodeling during early stem cell development that requires commitment of cells to be restricted to the desired lineage. (wikipedia.org)
  • There has been multiple evidence suggesting that the maintenance of the lineage commitment of stem cells is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and regulation of ATP-dependent remolding of chromatin structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our data suggest that GPR56 can be used as an NSC/NPC marker within the neural cell lineage, especially in combination with nestin. (nih.gov)
  • They can differentiate into cells of the mesodermal lineage, such as adipocytes, and osteocytes. (tocris.com)
  • Differentiation is a complex process involving actions of ES cell core factors, lineage specific regulators, epigenetic modifications, and chromatin remodelers. (utexas.edu)
  • Is Adipocyte Differentiation the Default Lineage for Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells after Loss of Mechanical Loading? (scirp.org)
  • The origins and basis for these fat deposits are largely unknown, but there is a possibility that the altered mechanical and biological environments lead to dysregulation of MSC/MPC and progression to preferential differentiation towards the adipocyte lineage. (scirp.org)
  • Hart, D. (2014) Is Adipocyte Differentiation the Default Lineage for Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells after Loss of Mechanical Loading? (scirp.org)
  • Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) are known to be functionally diverse in terms of their self-renewal potential and lineage output. (lu.se)
  • Under these conditions, iPS cells begin to differentiate into a hepatocyte lineage. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Our approach is to first understand how hESC interact with extracellular matrix materials by analyzing candidate adhesive substrate proteins and integrin receptors that mediate attachment, survival, proliferation and differentiation. (ca.gov)
  • However, details regarding the regulation of MSC/MPC proliferation and differentiation status are still unclear and it is likely that regulation involves both biological and mechanical influences in the different environments. (scirp.org)
  • This regulation of chromatin through epigenetic modifications is a molecular mechanism that determines whether the cell continues to differentiate into the desired fate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Embryonic stem cells containing reduced or elevation levels of methylation are viable but unable to differentiate and therefore require critical regulation of cytosine methylation for mammalian development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, a number of studies have confirmed that ADSCs possess the ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes [ 16 - 18 ], suggesting that a broader source of stem cells is available for application in tissue engineering. (hindawi.com)
  • However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they "de-differentiate" and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. (jove.com)
  • Such cells from different sources can proliferate and differentiate into different lineages (e.g. osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic) after suitable stimulation. (scirp.org)
  • Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
  • In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
  • Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) with the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts provide potential for the development of novel treatment strategies, such as improved healing of large bone defects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stem cells (SCs) are undifferentiated cells with self-renewal ability and capacity to differentiate into specialized cell types. (bvsalud.org)
  • Due to the ability to self-renew and to differentiate into cells that are found throughout the body, there is a great interest in using stem cells for the regeneration of injured tissues as well as to develop tissue-engineered implants and bio-hybrid organs, in order to restore tissue function. (bvsalud.org)
  • On the same day, the cells in the apical chamber were exposed to air (airlift) to create the ALI and allowed to differentiate for 28 days. (cdc.gov)
  • Key signaling pathways are highlighted, and the regulation of ES cell self-renewal and somatic cell reprogramming is discussed. (tocris.com)
  • This poster summarizes some key protocols demonstrating the use of small molecules across the stem cell workflow, from reprogramming, through self-renewal, storage and differentiation to verification. (tocris.com)
  • We disproved past misconceptions in the field about the role of Yap1 concerning its function in ES cell self-renewal, showing that like the inner cell mass, Yap1 is dispensable for long-term maintenance in culture. (utexas.edu)
  • Given the considerable interest in using stem cells for modeling and treating disease, it is essential to understand what regulates self-renewal and differentiation. (uib.no)
  • In some cases, "master" genes have been described which control differentiation versus self-renewal. (justia.com)
  • Despite growing experience and knowledge concerning human MSC and their use in cell-based strategies, the molecular mechanisms that govern MSC self-renewal, expansion and multilineage differentiation are not well understood and remain an active area of investigation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • physiologically based animals because a mouse embryonic stem cell line is used. (cdc.gov)
  • Then, typically, genes for transcription factors, are delivered by viral vectors into the cell nuclei, where they are incorporated into the genome. (jove.com)
  • The transcription factors then turn on genes that are expressed by embryonic stem cells. (jove.com)
  • Then, genes for multiple transcription factors are delivered into the cells using a viral vector, and the transcription factor proteins are expressed using the cell's machinery. (jove.com)
  • Our signature-based screen established several categories of genes based on their comparative functions during the differentiation of ES cells. (utexas.edu)
  • In this study, we show that increased expression of Runt related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) maintains undifferentiated state of CSC-like SP cells through upregulation of inhibitors of DNA binding/differentiation genes (ID1 and ID3) in late cisplatin-paclitaxel resistant cells. (techscience.com)
  • The protein-protein interaction network analysis of 397 upregulated genes in RUNX1-high samples of TCGA data show significant enrichment of pathways known to negatively regulate CSC differentiation. (techscience.com)
  • During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
  • Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
  • Microarray analysis of MSC during osteogenic differentiation identified three candidate genes for further examination and functional analysis: ID4, CRYAB, and SORT1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To demonstrate the levels of parathyroid hormone secretion and genetic expressions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH1 receptor (PTH1R) genes in the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) from different age groups before and after induction of osteogenic differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • the EST, which assesses the effects of compounds on the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into contracting cardiomyocytes, can be used to rank the potency of chemicals within a series of alkoxyacetic acid metabolites formed from The implementation of the European REACH (Registration, glycol ethers. (cdc.gov)
  • The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
  • Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) give rise to all types of blood lineages, including red blood cells (RBC). (lu.se)
  • In early blood cells, called hematopoietic stem cells, the methylation patterns established by DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha promote maturation (differentiation) into different blood cell types. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Researchers speculate that the altered gene activity prevents hematopoietic stem cells from differentiating normally, which leads to the overproduction of abnormal, immature white blood cells characteristic of acute myeloid leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • MDS is rare in childhood and may have a rapidly progressive course with an extremely poor prognosis without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (medscape.com)
  • Zhou JQ, Wan HY, Wang ZX, Jiang N. Stimulating factors for regulation of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. (wjgnet.com)
  • Ando, W., Heard, B., Nakamura, N., Frank, C.B. and Hart, D.A. (2012) Ovine Synovial Membrane-Derived Mescenchymal Progenitor Cells Retain the Phenotype of the Original Tissue That Was Exposed to in Vivo Inflammation: Evidence for a Suppressed Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of the Cells. (scirp.org)
  • There is a critical need for new technologies to facilitate growth and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) using clinically acceptable, animal-free reagents. (ca.gov)
  • We propose to develop novel, well-defined, synthetic extracellular matrices for growth and differentiation of hESC. (ca.gov)
  • Written by Kirsty E. Clarke, Victoria B. Christie, Andy Whiting and Stefan A. Przyborski, this review provides an overview of the use of small molecules in the control of stem cell growth and differentiation. (tocris.com)
  • The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
  • The use of ASCs in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering research has important advantages in comparison with ESCs, since there are no ethical complications and the process of differentiation of these cells is better controlled. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most of these paracrine secretions include soluble factors and exosomes, which regulate the repair and regeneration processes at sites of damage by affecting cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • By transporting "cargos" such as proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and lipids [ 26 ], exosomes regulate the eventual fate of recipient cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Next, we compared both datasets and found that while iPSC EVs enclose proteins that modulate RNA and microRNA stability and protein sorting, PD-MSC EVs are rich in proteins that organize extracellular matrix, regulate locomotion, and influence cell-substrate adhesion. (unlp.edu.ar)
  • Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
  • Additionally, we were able to reconstruct the three developmental phases during osteoblast differentiation: proliferation, matrix maturation, and mineralization, and illustrate the activation of the SMAD signaling pathways by TGF-β2 and BMPs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently, PLDL and PDL seemed to be promising scaffold candidates for odontogenic regeneration at least as HA-TCP, when they were applied with the DPSC induced for odontogenic differentiation. (scielo.br)
  • Although different stem cells, morphogens and scaffolds can be combined to simulate natural odontogenic regeneration, it is crucial to determine which options most closely replicate the characteristics of human dental tissues. (scielo.br)
  • Injectable Peptide Decorated Functional Nanofibrous Hollow Microspheres to Direct Stem Cell Differentiation and Tissue Regeneration. (stembook.org)
  • These cells have been studied for the treatment of periodontitis, bone repair, regeneration of the pulp after necrosis as well as the development of new teeth. (bvsalud.org)
  • We detect alterations of protein properties in numerous cellular pathways and components including ribosome biogenesis and demonstrate that modulation of ribosome maturation through SBDS protein can be helpful for manipulating cell stemness in vitro. (nature.com)
  • However, these cells have limitations, such as rapid maturation and a short lifespan in vivo . (newswise.com)
  • In addition, we examined whether these substrates will support differentiation of retinal pigmented epithelial cells, an important, clinically relevant cell type that is currently in clinical trials for eye disease. (ca.gov)
  • We earlier reported enrichment of CSC-like side population (SP) with increasing resistance towards Cisplatin and Paclitaxel either alone or in combination in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells. (techscience.com)
  • Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate if aerosolized nZnO exposure leads to changes in the cellular composition of the airway epithelium, using air-liquid interface (ALI)-differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods: Normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEpC) (at ≥ 90% viability) were seeded on 12-well porous 0.4 µm- cell culture inserts in basal cell culture medium. (cdc.gov)
  • An odontogenic medium modified by the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 was used in the experimental groups to induce differentiation. (scielo.br)
  • culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
  • ES cells have been an invaluable resource for advancing fundamental understanding of global transcriptional and epigenetic regulations, signaling pathways, and noncoding RNA in mammalian systems. (utexas.edu)
  • However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
  • Batsali, A.K., Kastrinaki, M.C., Papadaki, H.A. and Pontikoglou, C. (2013) Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Wharton's Jelly of the Umbilical Cord: Biological Properties and Emerging Clinical Applications. (scirp.org)
  • For this purpose, we use human stem cells that play a pivotal role in tissue development, maintenance and function. (gsi.de)
  • Among these, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cell isolated from adipose tissue, which has the advantages of abundant storage in vivo , easy acquisition, and expansion [ 13 - 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • For example, retinal cells that could be used to replace damaged retinal tissue. (jove.com)
  • Hard tissue formation in a porous HA/TCP ceramic scaffold loaded with stromal cells derived from dental pulp and bone marrow. (scielo.br)
  • This gradient approach may facilitate the screening of an optimal biomolecule surface density on tissue-engineered scaffolds, implants, or tissue culture ware to obtain the desired cell response, and may generate opportunities for more cost-effective regenerative medicine. (monash.edu)
  • One great advantage of MSC is that these cells may be directly obtained from individual patients, thereby eliminating the complications associated with immune rejection of allogenic tissue and infectious diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In explant method, the dental tissue is placed on a plastic surface and the cells migrate out from the tissue fragment adhering to culture flasks or dishes ( Figure 1 ). (bvsalud.org)
  • Use of human fetal tissue raises several ethical issues, but are there alternative cell sources that can substitute effectively? (lu.se)
  • Transplantations of fetal tissue in the 1980s and 1990s provided proof-of-concept for the potential of cell replacement therapy for PD and some patients benefitted greatly from their transplants. (lu.se)
  • However, post-mortem analysis of transplanted tissue revealed accumulation of pathological Lewy bodies in a small subset of transplanted cells over time, revealing a host-to-graft disease propagation. (lu.se)
  • To create iPSCs, mature cells, like skin fibroblasts, are taken from a patient and put into culture. (jove.com)
  • iPSCs are potentially valuable in medicine, because a patient who needs a particular cell type-for instance, someone with a damaged retina due to macular degeneration-could receive a transplant of the required cells, generated from another cell type in their own body. (jove.com)
  • To create iPSCs, mature cells such as skin fibroblasts or blood cells from a person are grown in culture. (jove.com)
  • It is still being studied whether iPSCs are truly equivalent to embryonic stem cells, but they appear to be similar and can produce cells from all three germ layers of the body. (jove.com)
  • As with other types of stem cells, scientists are learning how to promote the differentiation of specific cell types from iPSCs efficiently, so that the needed cell types can be produced in adequate quantities. (jove.com)
  • The effects of iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs on T-cell stimulatory function, and regulatory T (Treg) cell proliferative function in vitro were analyzed by mixed lymphocyte reaction. (newswise.com)
  • Moreover, compared to their respective cells, iPSCs and iPSC EVs share a greater proportion of proteins, while the PD-MSC proteome appears to be more specific. (unlp.edu.ar)
  • We found that iPSCs can be effectively differentiated into retinal cells, including the formation of 3D retinal organoids. (indianactsi.org)
  • The advent of iPSCs has opened up the possibility to graft patient-specific cells which most likely would circumvent the need for immunosuppression. (lu.se)
  • The slight rebound in each of these marks allows for further differentiation to occur by allowing another opportunity to decrease the markers once again, bringing the cell closer to its mature state. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since there is also an increase throughout the six-day period in H3K9me, a marker for active heterochromatin, once differentiation occurs it is concluded that the formation of heterochromatin occurs as the cell is differentiated into its desired fate making the cell inactive to prevent further differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • examined the effects of epigenetic modifications on the chromatin structure and the modulation of these epigenetic markers during stem cell differentiation through in vitro differentiation of murine embryonic stem (ES) cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histone modifications of H3K9 position show a decrease in di- and tri-methylation of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells and had a gradual increase in methylation during the six-day time course of in vitro differentiation, which indicated that there is a global increase of inactive heterochromatin levels at this histone mark. (wikipedia.org)
  • erythroid cells after in vitro differentiation, despite having similar frequencies of phenotypic HSC initially. (lu.se)
  • Particularly, human embryonic stem cells (hES cells), which can give rise to all tissues of an organism (Figure A), are used to generate mature cells of the heart (Figure B) allowing us to study radiation/microgravity-induced cardiovascular alterations, which may occur during long-term space missions. (gsi.de)
  • A) Colonies of human embryonic stem cells, bright field microscopy, scale bar: 100µm. (gsi.de)
  • D) Karyotype of a human cell after heavy ion exposure revealed by mFISH technique. (gsi.de)
  • We proposed to develop novel, well-defined, synthetic extracellular matrices that support survival and proliferation of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • Finally, we identified a cyclic RGD peptide that supports growth of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • The molecular study of fat cell development in the human body is essential for our understanding of obesity and related diseases. (mdpi.com)
  • Gimble, J.M., Bunnell, B.A. and Guilak, F. (2012) Human Adipose-Derived Cells: An Update on the Transition to Clinical Translation. (scirp.org)
  • The odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells on nanofibrous poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. (scielo.br)
  • editors Culture of human stem cells. (scielo.br)
  • Human liver organoids are formed from the assembly of hepatocyte-like cells differentiated from iPS cells, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Human embryonic stem cells also exhibit the Warburg effect ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • To understand the differentiation process of these stem cell cultures into neurons is an important and complex task and an essential prerequisite for the functional characterization of test compounds in a human cellular background.These iPSC cultures can be differentiated to different neuron cell type cultures as glutamatergic, gabaergic, dopaminergic or motoneurons and others for further information see also on our stem cells technology page. (neuroproof.com)
  • GDNF rescues MPP+ effects in human stem cell cultures and primary ventral midbrain cultures from mouse. (neuroproof.com)
  • To address this question we first developed human oligonucleotide microarrays with 30.000 elements and then performed large-scale expression profiling of long-term expanded MSC and MSC during differentiation into osteoblasts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study we asked if human MSC are developing in an aberrant or unwanted way during ex vivo long-term cultivation and if cultivation conditions exert any influence on their stem cell maintenance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 8,9 Because dental stem cells (DSCs) are easy to obtain and present a great potential of differentiation, there has been a growing interest in their use in regenerative medicine for treatment of various human diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • In human postnatal dental tissues, five main sources of DSCs have been identified: dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), 11 stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), 12 periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), 13 dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) 14 and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs). (bvsalud.org)
  • This approach could therefore micromass test, and the embryonic stem cell test (EST) provide a means to reduce the need for animal testing in human risk assessment practices. (cdc.gov)
  • A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)
  • The adult human airway epithelium is comprised of four major cell types, basal, club, goblet, and ciliated cells. (cdc.gov)
  • The first part of the thesis (Paper I, II, III) shows the development and improvement of a hESC-based system of for virus-mediated direct reprogramming of human glial progenitor cells into both induced dopaminergic neurons (iDANs) and GABAergic interneurons. (lu.se)
  • Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which can give rise to a succession of mature functional cells. (justia.com)
  • Having more than five years of experience with hiPSC neuron recordings, we optimize your culture protocols based on functional activity readouts and compare their activity with commercially available reference cell lines. (neuroproof.com)
  • DPSCs were subjected to osteogenic differentiation and functional staining . (bvsalud.org)
  • Andreas Bruzelius defended his Ph.D. thesis 'Generating GABAergic interneurons through reprogramming and differentiation strategies' on Friday, 20 October 2023. (lu.se)
  • Cell Reports, Available online 14 November 2023. (lu.se)
  • Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. (uib.no)
  • MPP+ disturbs the developmental differentiation process of these stem cell derived cultures, which can be rescued by GDNF in this stem cell based assay. (neuroproof.com)
  • b Cells were collected and heated in a narrow temperature range, with one sample incubated at 37 °C for expression measurements, protein aggregates were eliminated by ultracentrifugation and the soluble proteins were digested. (nature.com)
  • First, we characterized the cell surface receptors for matrix proteins on stem cells and identified specific proteins that will support adhesion and growth of the cells. (ca.gov)
  • Second, using an interdisciplinary approach, we developed a novel method to screen peptides from these proteins for their ability to support adhesion and proliferation of the stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • Based on our characterization of cell surface receptors for matrix proteins on stem cells completed in the first year, we went on to test specific, purified proteins that will support adhesion and growth of the cells. (ca.gov)
  • Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), known as active components of odontogenic differentiation and tooth development, have been used as a growth factor in an appropriate medium. (scielo.br)
  • Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, mechanical stretch may induce the differentiation of BMSCs into mature osteoblasts and enhance the deposition of the bone matrix [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • showed that the differentiation assay of benchmark dose. (cdc.gov)
  • This study was designed to determine the in vivo performance of three different materials as scaffolds for dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) undergoing induced odontogenic differentiation. (scielo.br)
  • Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) seem to be the most appropriate cell group for the regenerative approach. (scielo.br)
  • Dental pulp stem cells: state of the art and suggestions for a true translation of research into therapy. (scielo.br)
  • Odontogenic capability: bone marrow stromal stem cells versus dental pulp stem cells. (scielo.br)
  • Parathyroid Hormone Secretion and Receptor Expression Determine the Age-Related Degree of Osteogenic Differentiation in Dental Pulp Stem Cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • The therapeutic quality of dental pulp stem cells is largely based on their ability to retain their stemness characteristics. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our Stem Cells review gives an overview of the use of small molecules in the control of stem cell growth & differentiation and somatic cell reprogramming. (tocris.com)
  • Stem cells have potential as a source of cells and tissues for research and treatment of disease. (tocris.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSC/MPC) are found in many tissues and fluids including bone marrow, adipose tissues, muscle, synovial membranes, synovial fluid, and blood. (scirp.org)
  • Li, L. and Jiang, J. (2011) Regulatory Factors of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration into Injured Tissues and Their Signal Transduction Mechanisms. (scirp.org)
  • hES cells also serve as a basis for cerebral organoid models (Figure C) to better understand e.g. the mechanisms of cognitive impairment and radiation necrosis as severe side effects of radiation therapies. (gsi.de)
  • Detailed characterization of cell type transitions is essential for cell biology in general and particularly for the development of stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. (nature.com)
  • This is an important, unmet need in the field and development of such a substrate would aid in moving stem cell therapies to the clinic. (ca.gov)
  • However, for cell therapies MSC have to be expanded and/or manipulated to obtain a sufficient amount of cells that can be subsequently used for treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusion: stem cells from dental origin are an interesting alternative for research and application in regenerative therapies in Dentistry. (bvsalud.org)
  • The data presented in this thesis may serve as valuable resources to help optimize future cell replacement therapies for patients suffering from PD. (lu.se)
  • Stem cell homeostasis is maintained through epigenetic mechanisms that are highly dynamic in regulating the chromatin structure as well as specific gene transcription programs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gene expression at these histones regulated by epigenetic modifications is critical in restricting the embryonic stem cell to desired cell lineages and developing cellular memory. (wikipedia.org)
  • The metaphor of a potential epigenetic differentiation landscape broadly suggests that during differentiation a stem cell approaches a stable equili- brium state from a higher free energy towards a stable equilibrium state which represents the final cell type. (lu.se)
  • CRT aims to replace neurons that have degenerated in PD, with donor cells that have the potential to functionally re-integrate into the host circuitry. (lu.se)
  • This involves transplantation of developing midbrain cells from aborted fetuses, (the part that form mesDA neurons), into the striatum of a PD patient. (lu.se)
  • Because of this local degeneration of a relatively small population of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, PD has been considered an especially interesting candidate for cell-replacement therapy. (lu.se)
  • First, we utilized single cell sequencing to dissect the differentiation of stem cells to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (lu.se)
  • This approach could be potentially applied directly in the brain by targeting resident cells as a source of new neurons. (lu.se)
  • I've worked specifically with generating interneurons in the lab, using reprogramming and differentiation strategies. (lu.se)
  • 1 Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, China. (nih.gov)
  • Understanding transitions from one cell type or state to another is in the focus of modern molecular biology. (nature.com)
  • Nature Cell Biology. (lu.se)
  • Combining cell biology and electrophysiology, his work has the potential to create personalized disease models for future research. (lu.se)
  • Due to particle shrinkage caused by this thermo-responsive property of PCANs, RA could be released from nanoparticles in the cells upon cellular uptake. (edu.au)
  • 3,4 The zygote and cells derived from the first two cellular divisions constitute the most primitive cells (totipotent cells) that are capable of forming the embryo and the embryonic annexes (e.g. placenta, amniotic membranes etc). (bvsalud.org)
  • This effect was observed at both 24 hours and 7 days' time points, suggesting an early blockage in the cellular differentiation process, which requires further evaluation. (cdc.gov)
  • Intriguingly RUNX1 inhibition not only induces CSC differentiation but also downregulates anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 in both SP and NSP cells and potentiates cytotoxic effects of Cisplatin-Paclitaxel in chemoresistant EOC cells. (techscience.com)
  • Borlongan, C.V., Glover, L.E., Tajiri, N., Kaneko, Y. and Freeman, T.B. (2011) The Great Migration of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells towards the Ischemic Brain: Therapeutic Implications for Stroke and Other Neurological Disorders. (scirp.org)
  • This enigmatic subpopulation of cancer cells has therefore emerged as promising therapeutic candidate. (techscience.com)
  • The present invention also provides methods of using the differentiated cells of the present invention for therapeutic purposes. (justia.com)
  • With a variety of assays we could show that MSC represent a cell population which can be expanded for therapeutic applications. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In recent years mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have generated a great deal of interest as a potential source for cell-based therapeutic strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are a subset of retinal ganglion cells that respond to light independently from rod and cone photoreceptor input. (indianactsi.org)
  • By immunostaining for cell type specific markers, I have documented the different stages of retinal differentiation and provided insight into the mechanisms of ipRGC differentiation. (indianactsi.org)
  • Retinal ganglion cells can be purified and matured in vitro to generate models for optic neuropathies. (indianactsi.org)
  • cDNA data suggest that GPR56 has potential to become a neural stem cell (NSC) or neural progenitor cell (NPC) marker. (nih.gov)
  • Osteogenesis on the gradient surface is determined by immunofluorescence staining against Runx2 as an early marker and by staining of calcium phosphate deposits as a late stage differentiation marker. (monash.edu)
  • The results showed that MSC did not alter their osteogenic differentiation capacity, surface marker profile, and the expression profiles of MSC during expansion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We monitored these cells during their expansion ex vivo with respect to proliferation kinetics, surface marker profile and differentiation potential. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The basal cell (stem/progenitor cell) marker (KRT5) shows an initial increase in expression, but did not vary much during differentiation. (cdc.gov)
  • In parallel, the expression of basal cell marker(KRT5) was partially modulated by nZnO exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Specific properties, such as proliferative and differentiation potential, are slightly different among DSCs. (bvsalud.org)
  • These methods have been previously used to obtain hepatocytes from iPS cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, methods for obtaining hepatocytes from iPS cells should be further investigated. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The present invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells. (justia.com)
  • In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
  • The invention also includes cells, cell lines, testing models and culture systems used in the methods of the present invention and differentiated cells produced therefrom. (justia.com)
  • Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)
  • Our guide highlights the use of small molecules in stem cell research and cell therapy and lists relevant products. (tocris.com)
  • Developed in-house, this poster summarizes how small molecules have been used in protocols across the stem cell workflow. (tocris.com)
  • The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)
  • Despite their crucial role as a link between innate and adaptive immunity, little is known about the modulation of pDC differentiation by other bone marrow (BM) cells. (nih.gov)
  • Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in childhood encompasses a diverse group of bone marrow disorders that share a common clonal defect of stem cells and that result in ineffective hematopoiesis with dysplastic changes in the marrow. (medscape.com)
  • The results of these analyses revealed that the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in multiple biological processes, such as gene expression, synthesis of biomolecules, cell development, differentiation, and signal transduction, among others. (hindawi.com)
  • In this context, in the undifferentiated state, the entropy would be large since fewer constraints exist on the gene expression programmes of the cell. (lu.se)
  • In order to assess these predictions, we compute the Shannon entropy for time- resolved single-cell gene expression data in two different experimental set-ups of haematopoietic differentiation. (lu.se)
  • Cells were initially edited by the CRISPR/Cas9 system to express the Thy1 gene at the Brn3b locus and the tdTomato gene at the melanopsin locus. (indianactsi.org)
  • Finally we analyzed the gene expression profiles of MSC during osteogenic differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNMT3A gene mutations that cause DNMT3A overgrowth syndrome are found in all of the body's cells and lead to a decrease in normal enzyme function. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Somatic DNMT3A gene mutations are also found relatively frequently in another form of blood cancer called T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In muscle cells, gene expression of glucose transporters Glut 1 and Glut 4 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase is increased, which results in noninsulin-mediated increases in glucose transport ( 14 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, COL, and Runx2 were detected by qPCR. (hindawi.com)
  • Optimal differentiation was verified by qPCR and immunofluorescent (IF) staining of cell-type specific markers. (cdc.gov)
  • Cells were harvested at 24 hours or 7 days post exposure, to investigate changes in (a) inflammation, (b) oxidative stress-related, and (c) cell-type specific markers using qPCR and/or IF staining. (cdc.gov)
  • Results: qPCR analysis of the differentiation time-course shows a steady increase in markers of terminally differentiated cells, such as club (SCGB1A1), goblet (MUC5AC) and ciliated cells (FoxJ1). (cdc.gov)
  • Hart, D.A. (2014) Why Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Progenitor Cell Heterogeneity in Specific Environments? (scirp.org)
  • Thus, a single reporter-based screen would have been inappropriate to identify novel regulators of ES cell differentiation. (utexas.edu)
  • Consequently, investigation of molecular heterogeneity in the differentiation potential of HSPC is vital to identify novel regulators that affect generation of specific cell types, especially RBC. (lu.se)