• In this point of view, they can compare to adult stem cells, but progenitors are said to be in a further stage of cell differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • They play a major role in muscle cell differentiation and injury recoveries. (wikipedia.org)
  • The embryonic AMPs are at the origin of all adult fly muscles and, as we demonstrate here, they express repressors of myogenic differentiation and targets of the Notch pathway known to be involved in muscle cell stemness. (biologists.com)
  • In addition, lack of PKCθ prolonged the survival and sustained the differentiation of transplanted myogenic progenitors. (unicatt.it)
  • Genes expressed in LRECe revealed retention of some stem-like properties along with up-regulation of differentiation factors. (frontiersin.org)
  • whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
  • The balance between differentiation and self-renewal is critical to maintain muscle tissue homeostasis, and alterations in this equilibrium can lead to chronic muscle degeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is expressed in Pax7 + satellite cells of healthy muscle and is downregulated during myoblast differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We find that loss of C/EBPβ leads to precocious differentiation at the expense of self-renewal in primary myoblast and myofiber cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When overexpressed in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12 or in primary myoblasts, C/EBPβ reduced MyoD and other myogenic protein levels during differentiation, in addition to reducing myoblast fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Loss of C/EBPβ in SCs results in precocious differentiation at the expense of self-renewal in both primary myoblasts and myofiber cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • She then spent 3 years completing a postdoc with Dr. Francesco Saverio Tedesco at University College London (UK) in stem cell trans-differentiation and disease modelling. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • Assessing and enhancing migration of human myogenic progenitors using directed iPS cell differentiation and advanced tissue modelling. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • All cells have been tested for myotube differentiation. (zen-bio.com)
  • Deletion of HP1β, but not HP1α, in ESCs provokes a loss of the morphological and proliferative characteristics of embryonic pluripotent cells, reduces expression of pluripotency factors and causes aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, in differentiated cells, loss of HP1β has the opposite effect, perturbing maintenance of the differentiation state and facilitating reprogramming to an induced pluripotent state. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This unique duality makes them an attractive system for potential regenerative medicine and cell therapies, but also for differentiation studies in vitro and for modeling diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During stem cell cardiac differentiation, a distinct swish in the expression profile of laminin subunits has been reported with laminin-411/421 pre-dominantly expressed early in progenitors and laminin-211/221 expressed later in cardiomyocytes (Ja, 2015). (biolamina.com)
  • A highly reproducible, chemically defined, xeno-free laminin-based differentiation protocol to generate stem cell-derived cardiovascular progenitors (CVPs) was reported in 2019 (Yap, 2019). (biolamina.com)
  • Laminin-221 (LN221) was identified as the most likely expressed cardiac laminin and the authors show that this protein promotes differentiation of pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) toward cardiomyocyte lineage and downregulates pluripotency and teratoma-associated genes. (biolamina.com)
  • This in accordance with recent data presented by researchers at Icagen Inc., demonstrating that the laminin-521 cell culture matrix maintains the differentiation potential of mouse and human satellite cell-derived myoblasts, even during long-term culture expansion (Penton, 2016). (biolamina.com)
  • Laminin-521 supports increased differentiation potential without altering the traditional Pax7/MyoD paradigm and the results are translational across several mouse backgrounds, human cells, and disease states. (biolamina.com)
  • The hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) have been identified in the human liver as bipotential cells capable of proliferation and differentiation into both hepatocellular and biliary cell lineages [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In clinical practice, these involve the life-long immunosuppression of the organ transplantation patients, the creation of the supporting environment for engineered tissues in the mended organ, the unsolved issues of cell survival and differentiation of the cell-based therapy, and the selection and development of vectors for gene therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One complementary therapy could be 're-activating' vasculogenesis (i.e. the differentiation of precursor cells into mature endothelial cells), a mechanism that occurs in the heart during development but is quiescent in adult hearts. (elifesciences.org)
  • Conversely, ectopic expression of PRDM16 in myoblasts induces their differentiation into brown fat cells. (bioseek.eu)
  • IL-2/IL2R also promotes the differentiation of T cells into effector T cells. (ilreceptor.com)
  • Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture can promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • They are often classed as stem cells due to their high plasticity and potential for unlimited capacity for self-renewal. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, the expression level of Pax7 and Notch1, the pivotal regulators of SCs self-renewal, were upregulated in SCs isolated from mdxθ−/− muscle compared with mdx derived SCs. (unicatt.it)
  • Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Using genetic tools to conditionally abrogate C/EBPβ expression in Pax7 + cells, we examined the role of C/EBPβ in self-renewal of satellite cells during muscle regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings demonstrate that C/EBPβ is a novel regulator of satellite cell self-renewal during muscle regeneration acting at least in part through Notch2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This self-renewal property is part of what makes cell therapy so promising. (visikol.com)
  • Three-dimensional niche stiffness synergizes with Wnt7a to modulate the extent of satellite cell symmetric self-renewal divisions. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst-stage embryo, are capable of generating all cell types of the mammalian body (pluripotency) and of maintaining the capacity for indefinite self-renewal without compromising their genomic integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stem cell function, self-renewal, and behavioral heterogeneity of cells from the adult muscle satellite cell niche. (medecinesciences.org)
  • We used conjugated polymers to develop a novel neural stem cell culture substrate with anchored growth factors to promote cell self-renewal. (5dok.org)
  • After a single muscle injury, C/EBPβ-deficient satellite cells fail to self-renew resulting in a reduction of satellite cells available for future rounds of regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 2 Residing outside the sarcolemma but within the basal lamina of individual myofibers is a population of cells that are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
  • 6 These manipulations result in satellite cell activation and proliferation, which in turn are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration. (arvojournals.org)
  • A portion of these satellite cells stays behind post-injury to maintain and self-renew the cell pool allowing future regeneration of damaged tissue. (visikol.com)
  • She completed her PhD in Dr. Peter Zammit's lab at King's College London (UK), where she investigated muscle stem cell regeneration in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • In 2009 beginning of 2010 we have focused on investigating what factors human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) may produce that enhance regeneration and if those factors have any effects by themselves on regeneration. (ca.gov)
  • Finally, our data suggest that muscle stem cells either do not accumulate DNA damage with age or can efficiently repair such damage, when activated for tissue regeneration. (ca.gov)
  • Ductular reaction is known to be present in most chronic liver diseases, but it seems especially important in hepatic stem and progenitor cells in liver regeneration mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrosis, and hepatobiliary carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human pluripotent stem cell-derived muscle progenitor cells (hiPSC-MuPCs) resemble fetal-stage muscle progenitor cells and possess in vivo regeneration capacity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Direct isolation of satellite cells for skeletal muscle regeneration. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Alameddine HS, Dehaupas M, Fardeau M. Regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers from autologous satellite cells multiplied in vitro. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Identification of a novel population of muscle stem cells in mice: potential for muscle regeneration. (medecinesciences.org)
  • To achieve this, it would involve renewal of the injury signaling, reestablishment of the communication and transportation system, recruitment of the materials for repairing, regeneration of the failed organ, and rehabilitation of the renewed organ. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although much should be achieved for completely understanding the biological basis of aging, cellular senescence is now believed to mainly contribute to organismal aging via two independent, yet not mutually exclusive mechanisms: on the one hand, senescence of stem cells leads to exhaustion of stem cells and thus decreases tissue regeneration. (molcells.org)
  • Researchers at Johns Hopkins University's neurology department conducted a study recently involving human pluripotent stem cells and their potential use as a treatment for degenerative muscle disorders. (visikol.com)
  • The study uses a specific derivative of Human Pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) called myogenic progenitor cells (MPC). (visikol.com)
  • The hope is that this study will be used as a "proof of principle" for future cell therapies using pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives. (visikol.com)
  • At the same time, the first three trials using cells derived from pluripotent cells have begun. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Scientists experimentally induce chromatin remodeling to enhance the conversion of cells into pluripotent stem cells. (jove.com)
  • therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (jove.com)
  • Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into every cell type and to self-renew. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In pluripotent and differentiated cells HP1β is differentially localized and differentially associated with chromatin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The transplantation of muscle progenitor cells (MuPCs) differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is a promising approach for treating skeletal muscle diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). (bvsalud.org)
  • Generation of human muscle fibers and satellite-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells in vitro. (medecinesciences.org)
  • On the cover: Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neuroepithelial-like stem cells stained for actin (green) and DNA (blue). (5dok.org)
  • Embryonic myogenic progenitor cells express CXCR4, G-protein coupled cell surface receptor, and migrate towards regions of SDF-1 expression during limb muscle development, suggesting that CXCR4/SDF-1 plays a role in muscle cell homing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent studies have shown that haematopoietic progenitor cells contribute to immune responses in the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inflammatory cytokines and other factors released during infections will activate haematopoietic progenitor cells to differentiate to replenish the lost resources. (wikipedia.org)
  • In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
  • While numerous teams continue to refine and expand the role of bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for their vanguard uses in blood and immune disorders, many others are looking to expand the uses of the various types of stem cells found in bone marrow and cord blood, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, to uses beyond those that could be corrected by replacing cells in their own lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are many studies involving autologous therapies and some allogenic therapies, based on the recovery of mobilized bone marrow cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose derived stem cells that also include the stromal or adherent cell type that has an MSC phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A perivascular origin for mesenchymal stem cells in multiple human organs. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Two transplantation strategies were tested to engraft the cells, one without FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) and one with FACS. (visikol.com)
  • After successful transplantation, researchers then needed to determine if these MPCs could occupy the satellite cell space and regenerate myofibers. (visikol.com)
  • Transplantation of myogenic stem cells possesses great potential for long-term repair of dystrophic muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In murine-to-murine transplantation experiments, CXCR4 expression marks a population of adult murine satellite cells with robust engraftment potential in mdx mice, and CXCR4-positive murine muscle-derived SP cells home more effectively to dystrophic muscle after intra-arterial delivery in mdx 5cv mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we used a canine-to-murine xenotransplantation model to quantitatively compare canine muscle cell engraftment, and test the most effective cell population and modulating factor in a canine model of DMD using allogeneic transplantation experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, the canine-to-murine xenotransplantation model accurately predicted results in canine-to-canine muscle cell transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intramuscular injection of donor muscle-derived cells into chimeric cxmd recipients restored dystrophin expression for at least 24 weeks in the absence of post-transplant immunosuppression, indicating that cell transplantation may be a viable therapeutic option for muscular dystrophy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Yet, it remains unclear from murine transplantation experiments which cell population most effectively engrafts into diseased skeletal muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intramuscular transplantation of myogenic cells in primates: importance of needle size, cell number, and injection volume. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Autologous transplantation of muscle-derived CD133 + stem cells in Duchenne muscle patients. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Transplantation of genetically corrected human iPSC-derived progenitors in mice with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Traditional cell delivery methods involve direct seeding and attachment of MSC on biomaterial scaffolds before in vivo transplantation [ 26 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, diprotin A, a positive modulator of CXCR4-SDF-1 binding, significantly enhanced engraftment and stimulated sustained proliferation of donor cells in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we show by in vivo fate mapping that brown, but not white, fat cells arise from precursors that express Myf5, a gene previously thought to be expressed only in the myogenic lineage. (bioseek.eu)
  • Using biologically relevant elastic substrates to study cell function in vitro has proven beneficial, as the in vivo microenvironment usually is much softer than rigid plastic dishes. (5dok.org)
  • However, this method may not be optimal for the delivery of cell spheroids where the 3D structure, essential to maximize their in vivo effects, is lost by direct seeding. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)
  • Diprotin A stimulation of CXCR4, however, significantly increased the number of canine dystrophin-positive muscle fibers and canine-derived satellite cells by enhancing donor cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endothelial cell lineage tracing showed that BNP directly stimulated the proliferation of resident endothelial cells via NPR-A binding and p38 MAP kinase activation. (elifesciences.org)
  • BNP also stimulated the proliferation of WT1 + epicardium-derived cells but only in the hypoxic area of infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
  • The origin of new endothelial cells (i.e. resident or infiltrating) as well as the underlying mechanism leading to their proliferation (partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition [EndMT] or not) have long been debated. (elifesciences.org)
  • Eph/ephrin signaling is a cell-to-cell communication pathway, which regulates cell migration and proliferation. (5dok.org)
  • We show that blocking CKIα together with CDK7 and/or CDK9 synergistically stabilize p53, deprive leukemia cells of survival and proliferation-maintaining SE-driven oncogenes, and induce apoptosis. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • however, the level of telomerase activity is low or absent in the majority of stem cells regardless of their proliferative capacity. (nature.com)
  • As stem cells have elongated proliferative capacity, they should have a mechanism that maintains telomere length through many cell divisions. (nature.com)
  • Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
  • 10 Even more compelling is a recent study that subjected individual quiescent satellite cells isolated from adult limb muscle to stretching in vitro, and showed that direct stretching of the satellite cells themselves results in activation and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. (arvojournals.org)
  • These cells were expanded in vitro for seven days with around a 30 percent MPC retention rate, while a portion of the others differentiated into other cells. (visikol.com)
  • The engrafted cells often had smaller RNA sequences than their in vitro counterparts suggesting they are in a quiescent state. (visikol.com)
  • A defined synthetic mixture of amino acids, salts, carbohydrates, vitamins and serum was shown to support cells in vitro[ 3 ], thus unifying a major variable in cell culturing experiments and providing a possibility for rapid development of this novel method. (intechopen.com)
  • Mesodermal iPSC-derived progenitor cells functionally regenerate cardiac and skeletal muscle. (medecinesciences.org)
  • The characterization or the defining principle of progenitor cells, in order to separate them from others, is based on the different cell markers rather than their morphological appearance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our results support the use of DNA label retention to identify MaSC and also provide a molecular profile and novel candidate markers for these cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
  • Antibody markers were used to determine if regenerated myofibers or satellite cells were, in fact, from the MPCs. (visikol.com)
  • Human-specific antibodies were used for marking so recovered cells could then be tested using a PCR for their human-specific markers to prove they were not of mouse origin. (visikol.com)
  • Combined Notch and PDGF Signaling Enhances Migration and Expression of Stem Cell Markers while Inducing Perivascular Cell Features in Muscle Satellite Cells. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • Tissue microarray with peritumoral and intratumoral tissue samples of 120 HCCs after hepatectomy was analysed for peritumoral expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen for PI-DR. Peritumoral and intratumoral expression status of HPC markers including EpCAM, OV6, CD133 and c-kit were also examined by immunohistochemistry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Taken together, these data indicate that PRDM16 specifies the brown fat lineage from a progenitor that expresses myoblast markers and is not involved in white adipogenesis. (bioseek.eu)
  • Human skeletal myoblasts satellite cells are isolated from consented patients with good representation from all levels of adiposity and age. (zen-bio.com)
  • We also demonstrate that the transcriptional regulator PRDM16 (PRD1-BF1-RIZ1 homologous domain containing 16) controls a bidirectional cell fate switch between skeletal myoblasts and brown fat cells. (bioseek.eu)
  • In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)
  • Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. (nature.com)
  • Telomeric DNA consists of short guanine-rich repeat sequences in all eukaryotes with linear chromosomes, and its length in human somatic cells is remarkably heterogeneous among individuals ranging from 5 to 20 kb, according to age, organ, and the proliferative history of each cell ( Wright and Shay, 2005 ). (nature.com)
  • In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
  • For example, when the variant H2AZ is incorporated into the nucleosome it increases the accessibility of DNA to specific transcription factors and promotes the conversion of somatic cells to iPS cells. (jove.com)
  • Upon the administration of a synthetic drug called rapalog, p16 INK4A positive senescent cells are removed in this system by apoptosis. (molcells.org)
  • Current research on progenitor cells focuses on two different applications: regenerative medicine and cancer biology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Research on cancer biology focuses on the impact of progenitor cells on cancer responses, and the way that these cells tie into the immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • 4 ] in 1951 cell culturing has become one of the most widely used methods with exceptional contribution to the advances in almost all fields of contemporary biology - cell biology, genetics, cell biochemistry, physiology etc. (intechopen.com)
  • Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of The Digital Cell: Cell Biology as a Data Science, available on its website in hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)
  • Some research found that progenitor cells were mobile and that these progenitor cells could move through the body and migrate towards the tissue where they are needed. (wikipedia.org)
  • These early trials are showing roles for stem cells both in replacing damaged tissue as well as in providing extracellular factors that can promote endogenous cellular salvage and replenishment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The identification of heterogenous distribution of factors across the myofiber is an important contribution for dissecting how muscle stem cell diversity in a tissue is achieved. (sciety.org)
  • Our data shows that a post-translational mechanism controls spatial heterogeneity of Notch ligands in a multinucleated niche cell to maintain a continuum of diverse states within the SC pool during tissue homeostasis. (sciety.org)
  • Our work is at the stage of understanding the molecular mechanisms by which the aging of the regenerative potential of organ stem cells can be reversed by particular human embryonic factors that are capable of neutralizing the affects of aged niches on tissue regenerative capacity. (ca.gov)
  • Thus, the use of hESC-produced pro-regenerative factors for boosting the regenerative capacity of organ stem cells is likely to yield healthy, young tissue. (ca.gov)
  • Although functional organ stem cells persist in the old, tissue damage invariably overwhelms tissue repair, ultimately causing the demise of an organism. (ca.gov)
  • Regardless of monolayer or spheroid cell culture, PLATMC-HPLG constructs represent promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On the other hand, senescent cells secrete many proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteases, collectively termed as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which causes chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction. (molcells.org)
  • Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)
  • Overall, our results suggest that lack of PKCθ promotes muscle repair in dystrophic mice, supporting stem cells survival and maintenance through increased Delta-Notch signaling. (unicatt.it)
  • Immunodeficient mice had their tibialis anterior muscles depleted of host satellite cells for the engrafting experiment. (visikol.com)
  • Indeed, CXCR4-positive muscle-derived side population (SP) cells home more effectively to dystrophic muscle after intra-arterial delivery in mdx 5cv mice [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Postnatal growth and repair of skeletal muscle relies upon a population of quiescent muscle precursor cells, called satellite cells that can be activated to proliferate and differentiate into new myofibers, as well as self-renew to replenish the satellite cell population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity promotes survival of human muscle precursor cells. (medecinesciences.org)
  • We confirmed that typical growth factor signaling was in fact occurring in muscle cells exposed to hESC produced factors, and that hESCs produce a TGF-beta antagonist. (ca.gov)
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing of CVPs derived from hESC lines identified three main progenitor subpopulations. (biolamina.com)
  • Current knowledge of cellular behavior is mainly acquired by studies concerning homogenous populations of cells cultured as monolayers. (intechopen.com)
  • Therefore, these results establish the efficacy of diprotin A in stimulating muscle cell engraftment, and highlight the pre-clinical utility of a xenotransplantation model in assessing the relative efficacy of muscle stem cell populations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tedesco, FS, Moyle, LA, Perdiguero, E. Muscle Interstitial Cells: A Brief Field Guide to Non-satellite Cell Populations in Skeletal Muscle. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • The quiescent muscle stem cell (QSC) pool is heterogeneous and generally characterized by the presence and levels of intrinsic myogenic transcription factors. (sciety.org)
  • This simplified approach towards understanding the essence of the mechanisms, underlying the processes determining life and death of a cell has undoubtedly provided scientists with enormous amount of knowledge. (intechopen.com)
  • Her research investigates mechanisms of muscle stem cell dysfunction in neuromuscular disorders, with the aim of transferring this knowledge towards future cell and gene therapies. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • While much is known about biochemical signaling, many of the mechanisms that drive cell outcome in response to biophysical influences remain to be uncovered. (5dok.org)
  • Muscle fibers formed by donated cells were labeled with human-specific antibody dystrophin, and the secreted extracellular matrix was labeled with laminin. (visikol.com)
  • Research on regenerative medicine has focused on progenitor cells, and stem cells, because their cellular senescence contributes largely to the process of aging. (wikipedia.org)
  • The natural aging of cells, called their cellular senescence, is one of the main contributors to aging on an organismal level. (wikipedia.org)
  • Telomerase can add telomeric repeats onto the chromosome ends, and prevents the replication-dependent loss of telomere and cellular senescence in highly proliferative cells of the germline and in the majority of cancers ( Blasco, 2005 ). (nature.com)
  • A critical length of telomere repeats is required to ensure proper telomere function and avoid the activation of DNA damage pathways that result in replicative senescence or cell death. (nature.com)
  • Much effort has been recently made to therapeutically target detrimental effects of cellular senescence including selectively eliminating senescent cells (senolytics) and modulating a proinflammatory senescent secretome (senostatics). (molcells.org)
  • This led to an intriguing hypothesis that senescence contributes to aging, and thus the elimination of senescent cells might delay the aging process. (molcells.org)
  • engrafted hPSC-MPCs were able to occupy the satellite cell space and regenerate myofibers when damaged. (visikol.com)
  • Radial glial cells found in developing regions of the brain, most notably the cortex. (wikipedia.org)
  • To ensure the contractile ring is formed in the right place, RhoA is activated locally at the cell cortex, near the equator of the cell. (jove.com)
  • The poor performance of stem cells in an aged organ, such as skeletal muscle, is caused by the changes in regulatory pathways such as Notch, MAPK and TGF‐β, where old differentiated tissues and blood circulation inhibit the regenerative performance of organ stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • The epidemic of obesity, closely associated with increases in diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cancer and other disorders, has propelled a major interest in adipose cells and tissues. (bioseek.eu)
  • Adipose tissues contain two distinct types of fat cells, white and brown. (bioseek.eu)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are membranous particles released by cells into the extracellular space. (mdpi.com)
  • Cells sense and respond to the mechanics of their substrate - be it the extracellular matrix, neighboring cells or artificial matrix in cell culture. (5dok.org)
  • BTE aims to combine the cellular ( osteogenic cells), extracellular ( osteoconductive scaffolds) and/or molecular elements ( osteoinductive growth factors) required for bone healing [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These cells can produce differentiated cells to replenish the supply lost in the natural process of aging, which makes them a target for aging therapy research. (wikipedia.org)
  • A progenitor cell is a biological cell that can differentiate into a specific cell type. (wikipedia.org)
  • Progenitor cells can only differentiate into their "target" cell type. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of these transit amplifying neural progenitors migrate via rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb and differentiate further into specific types of neural cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • For these therapies to work, the MPCs must differentiate into what is known as a satellite cell. (visikol.com)
  • This includes bone and cartilage repair, cell types into which MSCs readily differentiate, and immune conditions such as graft versus host disease and autoimmune conditions that utilize the MSC's immune suppressive properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The contractile ring components generate the force necessary to divide the cell. (jove.com)
  • Recently, the importance of telomere maintenance in human stem cells has been highlighted by studies on dyskeratosis congenital, which is a genetic disorder in the human telomerase component. (nature.com)
  • The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)
  • Here we review the role of telomeres and telomerase in the function and capacity of the human stem cells. (nature.com)
  • Among these is the isolation of the first line of murine stem cells [ 5 , 6 ] in 1981, followed by establishment of the first human embryonic stem cell lines by Thompson [ 7 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • Reversible immortalisation enables genetic correction of human muscle progenitors and engineering of next-generation human artificial chromosomes for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • In the next funding period we also plan to accomplish transition from mouse model to human cells and studies. (ca.gov)
  • Pericytes of human skeletal muscle are myogenic precursors distinct from satellite cells. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity identifies a population of human skeletal muscle cells with high myogenic capacities. (medecinesciences.org)
  • In Drosophila , a population of muscle-committed stem-like cells called adult muscle precursors (AMPs) keeps an undifferentiated and quiescent state during embryonic life. (biologists.com)
  • Boundary cap cells from the neural crest form a barrier between the cells of the central nervous system and cells of the peripheral nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • The kind of potency they have depends on the type of their "parent" stem cell and also on their niche. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the heterogeneity of hiPSC-MuPCs is unknown, which could impact the regenerative potential of these cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • abstract = "Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease characterized by muscle wasting and chronic inflammation, leading to impaired satellite cells (SCs) function and exhaustion of their regenerative capacity. (unicatt.it)
  • We used the xenotransplant model to show that CXCR4 expression on canine donor muscle cells is also important for cell engraftment, but FACS sorting for CXCR4-positive cells decreased their engraftment efficiency. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dystrophin expression in muscles of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients after high-density injections of normal myogenic cells. (medecinesciences.org)
  • In line with all the reduction of methylation, an greater expression of APC was observed in each cell lines, reaching the highest degree at 48 h for Hep3B and at 72 h for HepG2, respectively. (ilreceptor.com)
  • This phenotype was associated with a higher number of Pax7 positive cells in mdxθ−/− muscle compared with mdx muscle, during the progression of the disease. (unicatt.it)
  • The first process outlined in the study was the process of cell engraftment. (visikol.com)
  • Together, these data suggest that CXCR4 plays an important role in donor cell engraftment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, we sought to translate these results to a clinically relevant canine-to-canine allogeneic transplant model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and determine if CXCR4 is important for donor cell engraftment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We show that CXCR4 expressing cells are important for donor muscle cell engraftment, yet FACS sorted CXCR4-positive cells display decreased engraftment efficiency. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The formation of new vessels in the hypoxic area restores blood flow, provides oxygen and nutriments to the surviving cells, and promotes the migration and engraftment of new cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
  • The main epithelial component of DR are reactive ductule cells (RDCs) with biliary/HPC phenotype arranged in an irregularly shaped structure residing along parenchymal-stromal boundaries. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The RDCs are pathological, proliferative, biliary epithelial cell-like cells formed during repair process after liver injury, and are able to secrete various cytokines and chemokines, which interact with microenvironment [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This research aims to understand how mechanosensing via the LINC complex contributes to the process muscle stem cell repair, with relevance to Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
  • There has been a rapid surge in clinical trials involving stem cell therapies over the last two to three years and those trials are establishing the clinical pathways for an emergent new medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We propose an opportunity to target the cancer cell/microenvironment interface instead of the Notch pathway itself in the development of cancer therapies. (5dok.org)
  • This step is important not only to enhance the efficacy of MSC expansion but also to facilitate clinical translation of cell therapies according to current regulations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Increased circulation of progenitor cells in the body has also positively correlated to increased longevity and regenerative processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both active and passive stretch of the rectus muscles produced by strabismus surgery dramatically upregulated the processes of satellite cell activation, integration of new myonuclei into existing myofibers, and concomitant upregulation of immature myosin heavy chain isoforms. (arvojournals.org)