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AtmosphereSaturnExtraterrestrial EnvironmentEarth (Planet)Hyperbaric OxygenationSpacecraftMarsAirCarbon DioxideAtmospheric PressureEvolution, PlanetaryExobiologyOxygenEvolution, ChemicalFood PackagingAtmosphere Exposure ChambersArgonGasesPlanetsAir MicrobiologyBiogenesisJupiterAir PollutantsAnaerobiosisMethaneIceHydrogenNitrogenAerosolsEnvironmental MonitoringAstronomyAcid RainNitrogen CycleAerobiosisFood PreservationClimateNitric AcidGreenhouse EffectOxygen IsotopesCarbonEnvironment, ControlledVolcanic EruptionsHydrocarbons, AcyclicCulture MediaTemperatureHumidityMeteoroidsSnowFossil FuelsOceans and SeasPolycyclic CompoundsWaterAir MovementsMoonSoilNitrogen CompoundsAstronomical PhenomenaGeologyTreesPentanesVacuumSulfur OxidesSteamHydrocarbonsSmogHydrogen CyanideOrganic ChemicalsCarbon CycleCarbon MonoxideAir Pollutants, OccupationalEcosystemCarbonatesBacteriaWeatherGlobal WarmingCosmic RadiationChemistry, OrganicOxidation-ReductionCoalAcetyleneOzoneSeawaterHeliumSerratia liquefaciensSeasonsPhotosynthesisGeological PhenomenaNitrous OxideVolatile Organic CompoundsModels, TheoreticalUrticaceaeIndustrial WasteBacteriological TechniquesIce CoverMinor PlanetsPeracetic AcidDry IceNeptuneGeologic SedimentsFires
PlanetaryAstrophysicsEvolutionAstronomyExoplanetRadiative transferOscillationsPlanetsRadiationConvectionStar'sExoplanetsInterstellarHydrogenJupitersChromospherePulsationShock wavesStarsTenuous atmosphereCompositionObservationsVenusUnstableElectronsSolar AtmosphereEarth'sRockyEquilibriumSurfaceStarDeep atmosphereSubstantial atmosphereDustModelsTemperatureMarsEarthGreenhouse
Planetary7
  • Astronomers have detected hints of water vapor in the system, but they can't be sure if it signifies a planetary atmosphere or if it's part of the star. (cnn.com)
  • Contributions in molecular quantum mechanics, quantum chemistry, astronomy and astrophysics, planetary and cometary atmospheres. (aip.org)
  • Saturn's atmosphere, unobstructed by a solid planetary surface, allows for the formation of alternating belts and zones that are the main features of its dynamic atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The nearby Trappist-1 planetary system is currently the best candidate to study the atmospheres of rocky, Earth-like planets orbiting a red dwarf star," says Sebastian Zieba, a student at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy. (mpg.de)
  • These elements are important ingredients in both planetary atmospheres and molecules like sugars, alcohols, and simple amino acids. (nasa.gov)
  • This seminar is organized by the IAU G5 commission on stellar and planetary atmospheres) Task-based computing is a method where computational problems are. (iac.es)
  • The model uses parameters of planetary properties including Bond albedo, heat redistribution efficiency (i.e., ratio between radiative timescale and advective timescale of the atmosphere), and atmospheric greenhouse factor. (arxiv.org)
Astrophysics3
  • An unresolved problem in stellar astrophysics is how the corona can be heated to such high temperatures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Methods and instruments of the stellar astrophysics. (guru.ru)
  • The course may not be counted towards a degree together with ASTA31 Star atmospheres 7.5 credits, AST009 Star atmospheres 7.5 credits, AST215 the physics of the Stars 15 credits, AST315 the physics of the Stars 15 credits, ASTA32 Atomic astrophysics 7.5 credits or AST220 Atomic astrophysics, 7.5 credits. (lu.se)
Evolution5
  • NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission (MAVEN) is the first spacecraft specifically designed to study the upper atmosphere of Mars. (nasa.gov)
  • Ultraviolet images from NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission, MAVEN, were used to make this movie of rapid cloud formation on Mars. (nasa.gov)
  • We explore the general astrobiological significance of F-type main-sequence stars with masses between 1.2 and 1.5 M ⊙ . Special consideration is given to stellar evolutionary aspects due to nuclear main-sequence evolution. (cambridge.org)
  • We found that the damage inflicted on DNA for planets at Earth-equivalent positions is between a factor of 2.5 and 7.1 higher than for solar-like stars, and there are intricate relations for the time-dependence of damage during stellar main-sequence evolution. (cambridge.org)
  • The planet survived the violent phases of stellar evolution leading to the star's death. (cnn.com)
Astronomy2
  • remnants-of-a-stellar-fight-form-cosmic-art https://www.astronomy.com/science/remnants-of-a-stellar-fight-form-cosmic-art/ Remnants of a stellar fight form cosmic art A pair of binary stars once engaged in an intense cosmic brawl have left behind a beautiful gas cloud bursting with color, revealing clues about how the fight went down. (astronomy.com)
  • We can definitely rule out a thick and Venus-like atmosphere," says Laura Kreidberg, lead scientist of the James Webb observing program and a director at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy. (mpg.de)
Exoplanet4
  • However, due to the fact that it hasn't been seen crossing in front of its host star, the exoplanet eludes the usual method for learning about its atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
  • At its orbit, the exoplanet Proxima b likely couldn't sustain an Earth-like atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Clouds in the atmosphere of the super-Earth exoplanet GJ 1214b. (nature.com)
  • The amount of CHONS in each type of material determines how much of these elements end up in exoplanet atmospheres and how much in their interiors. (nasa.gov)
Radiative transfer1
  • DETAIL (extended and updated by K. Butler): Based on the fixed ATLAS12 atmosphere, the coupled radiative transfer and statistical equilibrium equations are solved to obtain the radiation field and the occupation number densities in non-LTE. (uni-erlangen.de)
Oscillations1
  • Oscillations induced by sound waves travelling through our Sun's atmosphere have been detected since the 1960s. (bbc.co.uk)
Planets5
  • These are hot, ocean-covered planets with hydrogen-rich atmospheres. (cnn.com)
  • This work contributes to our understanding of how the atmospheres of rocky planets orbiting low-mass stars can withstand their strong stellar winds and intense ultraviolett radiation. (mpg.de)
  • Although relatively cool on the outside, many such stars exhibit strong stellar winds and intense ultraviolett radiation over an extended period of their lifetime, potentially damaging and eroding their planets' atmospheres. (mpg.de)
  • However, the task of characterizing the atmospheres of rocky, Earth-sized planets is a challenging endeavour, even for the James Webb Space Telescope. (mpg.de)
  • Phase curves of the planets in thermal emission provide clues to this question, because a substantial atmosphere would transport heat more efficiently than a bare-rock surface. (arxiv.org)
Radiation9
  • The stellar atmosphere is the outer region of the volume of a star, lying above the stellar core, radiation zone and convection zone. (wikipedia.org)
  • New research reveals that Proxima b (an Earth-size planet right outside our solar system in the habitable zone of its star) may not be able to keep a grip on its atmosphere, leaving the surface exposed to harmful stellar radiation and reducing its potential for habitability. (scitechdaily.com)
  • With these data, their model simulates how the host star's intense radiation and frequent flaring affect the exoplanet's atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
  • An active red dwarf star like Proxima Centauri strips away atmosphere when high-energy extreme ultraviolet radiation ionizes atmospheric gases, knocking off electrons and producing a swath of electrically charged particles. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The model shows Proxima Centauri's powerful radiation drains the Earth-like atmosphere as much as 10,000 times faster than what happens on Earth. (scitechdaily.com)
  • It doesn't consider variations like extreme heating in the star's atmosphere or violent stellar disturbances to the exoplanet's magnetic field - things we'd expect provide even more ionizing radiation and atmospheric escape. (scitechdaily.com)
  • They found as the thermosphere heats with more stellar radiation, atmospheric escape increases. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Consequently, the DNA action spectrum is utilized to represent the impact of the stellar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. (cambridge.org)
  • atomic radiation processes in plasmas in the laboratory and in space, studied by spectroscopy throughout the electromagnetic spectrum from X-ray to radio, and that are used to explore atmospheres of different stars. (lu.se)
Convection2
  • These observations have shown with precision the stochastic brightness fluctuations of stars across the HR diagram, allowing us to better understand how stellar surface convection reacts to a change in stellar parameters. (isimba.dk)
  • Mapping the velocity of the gas at the surface and in the atmosphere of the nearby red supergiant star Antares reveals vigorous motion of several huge gas clumps in an extended atmosphere, which cannot be fully explained by convection. (natureasia.com)
Star's1
  • While the model and observations agree in the gross features, there are discrepancies suggesting shortcomings in the model, particularly for the Hα line core, where we have detectedamplified emission from the stellar chromosphere after the source star's trailing limb exited the caustic. (planet-legacy.org)
Exoplanets1
  • One of the primary questions when characterizing Earth-sized and super-Earth-sized exoplanets is whether they have a substantial atmosphere like Earth and Venus or a bare-rock surface like Mercury. (arxiv.org)
Interstellar1
  • The astrosphere, which is in the case of the Sun the heliosphere, can be in a broader understanding considered the furthest part of a stellar atmosphere, before interstellar space begins at the heliopause. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrogen3
  • The structure of radiative shock waves propagating through partially ionized hydrogen gas in stellar atmospheres is discussed. (eas-journal.org)
  • We reveal a low-metallicity, hydrogen-dominated atmosphere similar to that of a gas giant, but strongly depleted in methane gas. (nature.com)
  • Its radius is more than seventy times that of the Sun , and its surface temperature is 12,100 K . Due to its stellar wind , Rigel's mass-loss is estimated to be ten million times that of the Sun. With an estimated age of seven to nine million years, Rigel has exhausted its core hydrogen fuel, expanded, and cooled to become a supergiant . (wikipedia.org)
Jupiters1
  • Analyzing phase curve photometric data around secondary eclipse has previously been used to study energy transport in the atmospheres of hot Jupiters. (arxiv.org)
Chromosphere1
  • Only Binary Stars Can Help Us Actually SEE a Stellar Chromosphere. (wikipedia.org)
Pulsation1
  • It is shown that the turbulence amplification in the atmosphere of a radially pulsating star is not only due to the global compression of the atmosphere during the pulsation. (eas-journal.org)
Shock waves1
  • Strong shock waves propagating from the deep atmosphere to the very low density layers also play a role in the turbulence variation, especially when they become very strong i.e. , hypersonic. (eas-journal.org)
Stars6
  • We compared our synthetic granulation properties with the values of a large sample of Kepler stars, and analyzed selected stars with accurate stellar parameters from the Kepler LEGACY sample. (isimba.dk)
  • Overall, this study shows that 3D stellar atmosphere models reproduce the granulation properties of stars across the HR diagram. (isimba.dk)
  • The dynamic motion of gas in the outer atmosphere of a red supergiant star has been mapped, providing clues to the mysterious mechanism that causes massive stars to lose mass through stellar winds. (natureasia.com)
  • While previous Mars orbiters have peered down at the planet's surface, MAVEN is spending part of its time gazing at the stars, observing the Martian atmosphere through a series of stellar occultations. (nasa.gov)
  • By splitting apart the light of setting stars, MAVEN can determine the composition of the Martian atmosphere. (nasa.gov)
  • We determined stellar parameters as well as abundances for 23 elements for these two stars with extremely high precision. (lu.se)
Tenuous atmosphere2
Composition4
Observations3
  • For shocks, the predicted turbulence amplification predicted by classical models is overestimated with respect to stellar observations when the compression rate becomes larger than 2 which corresponds to a limit Mach number near 2. (eas-journal.org)
  • Using an appropriate model stellar atmosphere generated by the PHOENIX v2.6 code we obtain a model light curve for the caustic exit and compare it with a dense set of photometric observations obtained by the PLANET microlensing follow up network. (planet-legacy.org)
  • Observations with the James Webb Space Telescope, however, point to an atmosphere that is very different from that of Venus. (mpg.de)
Venus1
  • We wanted to find out if Trappist-1 c may have escaped that fate and could have retained a substantial atmosphere, and perhaps even be similar to the planet Venus in the Solar System," Zieba explains. (mpg.de)
Unstable1
Electrons2
  • In this process, the newly formed electrons gain enough energy that they can readily escape the planet's gravity and race out of the atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Opposite charges attract, so as more negatively charged electrons leave the atmosphere, they create a powerful charge separation that pulls positively charged ions along with them, out into space. (scitechdaily.com)
Solar Atmosphere1
  • The interplay between different processes is illustrated in more detail with some case studies e. g. the origin of emission lines from nebulae and of absorption lines in the solar atmosphere. (lu.se)
Earth's1
  • Garcia-Sage and her colleagues' computer model used Earth's atmosphere, magnetic field, and gravity as proxies for Proxima b's. (scitechdaily.com)
Rocky1
  • However, this measurement is also consistent with a barren rocky planet without any significant atmosphere. (mpg.de)
Equilibrium1
  • This chapter describes the method introduced by N. Wiener and E. Hopf in 1931 to construct an exact solution for the famous Milne integral equation, describing the radiative equilibrium of a stellar atmosphere. (researchgate.net)
Surface3
  • Atmospheres are also essential for life as we know it: Having the right atmosphere allows for climate regulation, the maintenance of a water-friendly surface pressure, shielding from hazardous space weather, and the housing of life's chemical building blocks. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The planet's gravitational pull at the surface, which is 10 percent higher than that of Earth, should help retain its atmosphere. (mpg.de)
  • And Michelson Morley's experiment cannot defeat it, because the fluid ether will move along with the earth, like the atmosphere moving with the earth, so there will not be relative motion between the earth and the ether on the surface of the earth. (researchgate.net)
Star3
  • With detailed images of the environment of HD 101584 we can make the connection between the giant star it was before, and the stellar remnant it will soon become. (astronomy.com)
  • One such computer model considered what would happen if Earth orbited Proxima Centauri, our nearest stellar neighbor and Proxima b's host star, at the same orbit as Proxima b. (scitechdaily.com)
  • For this purpose, a set of filters adapted to current receivers is proposed, giving the feature to be studied, the wavelengths involved, the star prototype, and the stellar region to be depicted. (harvard.edu)
Deep atmosphere1
  • The Spitzer 4.5-micron band is thus a window into the deep atmosphere of the planet 55 Cancri e. (arxiv.org)
Substantial atmosphere1
Dust1
  • By detecting the sulfur-bearing ice carbonyl sulfide, the researchers were able to estimate the amount of sulfur embedded in icy pre-stellar dust grains for the first time. (nasa.gov)
Models2
  • We first summarize various levels of approximations being used in constructing the models, and present a brief overview of existing model atmosphere codes. (arizona.edu)
  • This was done by using long time series of 3D stellar atmosphere models at different metallicities and across the HR diagram, generated with a 3D radiative hydrodynamical code: the STAGGER code. (isimba.dk)
Temperature4
Mars1
Earth1
Greenhouse1