Stained using acridine orange. Medical search. Frequent questions

Traditional Giemsa-stained thick blood films were compared with 2 fluorescence microscopy techniques, acridine orange (AO) staining of thin blood films and the quantitative buffy coat (QBC) method, for the microscopical diagnosis of malaria. (ox.ac.uk)
These were: direct microscopy of india ink preparations, acridine orange staining followed by fluorescence microscopy and detection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen by latex agglutination. (bmj.com)

Apoptosis was checked by acridine orange/ethidium bromine staining assay and by execution of Western blotting analysis. (ijpsonline.com)
Acridine orange/ethidium bromine staining assay revealed that piperine induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells which was further investigated by Western blotting. (ijpsonline.com)
The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescence staining assay. (greenmedinfo.com)
The mechanism of cell death induced by RE was qualitatively measured using Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide staining and Hoechst staining. (biomedcentral.com)
Ethidium bromide is an intercalating agent commonly used as a fluorescent tag (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis. (medchemexpress.com)
DNA fragmentation assay was done through Hoechst 33258 and acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining. (jcimjournal.com)

Hoechst stains are part of a family of blue fluorescent dyes used to stain DNA.There are three related Hoechst stains: Hoechst 33258, Hoechst 33342, and Hoechst 34580. (medchemexpress.com)
Fluorescent dyes with aromatic amino or guanidine groups, such as propidium iodide (PI), diaminophenylindole (DAPI), acridine orange (AO), and Hoechst dyes, interact with nucleotides to emit fluorescence. (dojindo.com)
The level of cell death was evaluated through Hoechst 33342 staining and propidium iodide colocalization. (bvsalud.org)

Dexamethasone and OP, but not 17 beta-estradiol, caused significant nuclear condensation after 3 hr of culture (acridine orange staining) or 4 hr of culture (propidium iodide staining). (unboundmedicine.com)
Figure 3: Two parameter isometric displays of green and red fluorescence from 5000 bull sperm stained with Rhodamine 123 and Propidium Iodide (RI23/Pl). Sperm samples from known fertile (A) and less fertile (B) donors are shown. (purdue.edu)
Figure 4: Two parameter green (log) versus red (linear) fluorescence isometric displays of 10,000 cells collected from fertile (A) and less fertile (B) bull sperm stained with SYBRI4 and counterstained with Propidium Iodide (PI). (purdue.edu)
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis after annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide (annexin V-FITC-PI) dual staining method was done to ascertain early stage of apoptosis, if any. (jcimjournal.com)

Acridine dyes are prepared via the condensation of 1,3-diaminobenzene with suitable benzaldehydes. (wikipedia.org)
Morphological features of the roots were assessed using a root scanner, and then attempts were made to stain the roots in four types of dyes: 0.01% methylene blue, 0.01% acridine orange, 0.01% malachite green, and 0.01% carbol fuchsin. (scirp.org)
A comparative microscopic assessment was made of the effects of staining with the four types of dyes the structures of mycorrhizal fungi formed in strawberry roots. (scirp.org)
Next, the usefulness of these dyes for staining the roots of other fruit plant species, such as apple, sweet cherry, blackcurrant and sour cherry, was evaluated. (scirp.org)
The use of carbol fuchsin for staining roots also helped to expose a greater number of fungal structures and obtain higher values of mycorrhizal frequency in the roots of strawberries, blackcurrants, sour cherries, sweet cherries and apples, in comparison with other dyes tested. (scirp.org)
Scientists first stained cells and bacteria with water soluble dyes to make them more visible in the microscope. (canadiannaturephotographer.com)
Bright-field microscopy also works well with living specimens that can be stained with vital dyes or arthropods that have a thin transparent cuticle made of chitin. (canadiannaturephotographer.com)
Since mitochondria have electron transport systems, they can be stained with various redox dyes. (dojindo.com)

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, acridine orange, and monodansylcadaverine staining and flow cytometry were performed. (hindawi.com)
Figure 1: Green versus red fluorescence cytograms and corresponding alpha t frequency histograms of Acridine Orange (AO) stained bull semen samples prepared and measured by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). (purdue.edu)

Rapid diagnosis of malaria using acridine orange (AO) staining and a light microscope with a halogen lamp and interference filter was deployed in some malaria-endemic countries. (biomedcentral.com)
Acridine orange fluorescence techniques as alternatives to traditional Giemsa staining for the diagnosis of malaria in developing countries. (ox.ac.uk)

Acridine orange is used in epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. (wikipedia.org)
When acridine orange is used with flow cytometry, the differential stain is used to measure DNA denaturation and the cellular content of DNA versus RNA in individual cells, or detect DNA damage in infertile sperm cells. (wikipedia.org)

Above are live human cheek epithelial cells stained with Methylene Blue. (canadiannaturephotographer.com)

Acridine orange has been widely accepted and used in many different areas, such as epifluorescence microscopy, and the assessment of sperm chromatin quality. (wikipedia.org)
A direct counting method using acridine orange staining and epifluorescence microscopy was attempted to assess the possible magnitude of the error associated with indirect counting. (bioone.org)

Acridine orange is an organic compound that serves as a nucleic acid-selective fluorescent dye with cationic properties useful for cell cycle determination. (wikipedia.org)
Acridine Orange hydrochloride is a cell-penetrable nucleic acid-selective fluorescent dye . (medchemexpress.com)

This staining inconsistency would often occur even in a film, as was stated for supravital staining of blood that "preselection of good quality regions is frequently necessary" [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The RNA and DNA content of large numbers of individual cells was determined by supravital staining with acridine orange. (rupress.org)

Further apoptosis induction was confirmed by Annexin V/PI and AO/PI staining. (hindawi.com)
In addition, cell apoptosis was measured by double staining, DNA fragmentation and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate binding assays. (ijpsonline.com)

Acridine orange is recommended for the use of fluorescent microscopic detection of microorganisms in smears prepared from clinical and non-clinical materials. (wikipedia.org)
The aim of the experimental work was to optimize the previously used Phillips and Hayman (1970) method of staining roots for microscopic assessment of mycorrhizal frequency in the root material. (scirp.org)

Consistent AO staining of thin blood films and rapid evaluation of malaria parasitaemia with the revised protocol produced superior results relative to the Giemsa method. (biomedcentral.com)
For a quantitative result, Giemsa staining of thick blood films remains the gold standard but is time consuming. (biomedcentral.com)
Of 200 samples examined, 141 were positive by Giemsa staining, 146 by AO and 137 by QBC. (ox.ac.uk)
We conclude that the QBC technique alone cannot replace Giemsa-stained thick blood films for most purposes in an African setting. (ox.ac.uk)

Autophagy induction was confirmed via acridine orange staining. (iasp-pain.org)
Autophagy was detected using acridine orange staining and real-time PCR for Lc3 and Beclin1 genes expression. (ijpsonline.com)

Acridine orange is able to withstand low pH environments, allowing the fluorescent dye to penetrate acidic organelles such as lysosomes and phagolysosomes that are membrane-bound organelles essential for acid hydrolysis or for producing products of phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
Apoptotic cells which nucleolus shrinked and rounded could be coloured orange by fluorescent colouration. (researchgate.net)

In addition, we have incubated the fish in a low amount of acridine orange, which is a chemical compound that stains nucleic acids, but does preferentially enter dying cells in our fish, because the plasma membrane of these cell is breaking down. (laserfocusworld.com)
After staining with R123, fluorescence intensity in the sperm midpiece is related to the mitochondrial membrane potential and motility. (purdue.edu)
Co-staining sperm with SYBRI4 and PI readily identifies cells with intact membranes versus membrane compromised cells. (purdue.edu)
SYBRI4, a membrane permeable DNA stain (green fluorescence) requires an intact cell membrane for optimal fluorescence. (purdue.edu)
PI, a membrane impermeable stain (red fluorescence) stains dead or dying cells with breaks in the cell membranes. (purdue.edu)

Acridine orange is useful in the rapid screening of ordinarily sterile specimens. (wikipedia.org)

Acridine has antimicrobial factors useful in drug-resistant bacteria and isolating bacteria in various environments. (wikipedia.org)
Acridine orange in the mid-twentieth century was used to examine the microbial content found in soil and direct counts of aquatic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, the method of acridine orange direct count (AODC) proved useful in the enumeration of bacteria found within landfills. (wikipedia.org)
The use of acridine orange in clinical applications has become widely accepted, mainly focusing on highlighting bacteria in blood cultures. (wikipedia.org)
Bright-field is great for studying stained histological slides, ciliates, bacteria and parasites. (canadiannaturephotographer.com)

When acridine orange binds to DNA, the dye exhibits a maximum excitation at 502 nm producing a maximum emission of 525 nm. (wikipedia.org)

The differential staining capability of acridine orange provides quick scanning of specimen smears at lower magnifications of 400x compared to Gram stains that operate at 1000x magnification. (wikipedia.org)
Above Brachionus manjavacas stained with Acridine orange and viewed in a fluorescence microscope 400X. (canadiannaturephotographer.com)

and, (2) novel AO staining protocol, which produces an effective gradient of stain concentration. (biomedcentral.com)

When acridine orange (AO) stained sperm are exposed to 488 nm laser light, AO intercalated into ds DNA fluoresces green and AO bound to ss DNA fluoresces red. (purdue.edu)

Past and present studies comparing acridine orange staining with blind subcultures for the detection of positive blood cultures showed that the acridine orange is a simple, inexpensive, rapid staining procedure that appears to be more sensitive than the Gram stain for detecting microorganisms in cerebrospinal fluid and other clinical and non-clinical materials. (wikipedia.org)

The ability to penetrate the cell membranes of acidic organelles and cationic properties of acridine orange allows the dye to differentiate between various types of cells (i.e., bacterial cells and white blood cells). (wikipedia.org)
The shift in maximum excitation and emission wavelengths provides a foundation to predict the wavelength at which the cells will stain. (wikipedia.org)
When acridine orange is excited by blue light, the fluorescent dye can differentially stain human cells green and prokaryotic cells orange (600 nm), allowing for rapid detection with a fluorescent microscope. (wikipedia.org)
Acridine orange staining has to be performed at an acidic pH to obtain the differential staining, which allows bacterial cells to stain orange and tissue components to stain yellow or green. (wikipedia.org)
Anticancer effects of the HDAC inhibitor, 3β,6β‑dihydroxyurs‑12‑en‑27‑oic acid, in MCF‑7 breast cancer cells via the inhibition of Akt/mTOR pathways. (iasp-pain.org)
Cells are harvested by scraping the inside of the mouth with another glass slide and then spreading the them on a second glass slide and after staining and rinsing covering the cells are covered with a cover-slip. (canadiannaturephotographer.com)
Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the expression of P-gp in DLBCL cells and tissues. (greenmedinfo.com)
Brachionus manjavacas stained with Lugol's iodine (a solution of potassium iodide with iodine in water) which interacts with polysaccharides, starches and glycogen in animals cells viewed by bright field microscopy. (canadiannaturephotographer.com)
In addition, because DAPI can pass through intact cell membranes, it can be used to stain both live and fixed cells. (medchemexpress.com)
Red fluorescence from the PI stained nuclear DNA results from compromised cell membranes and is indicative of dead or dying cells. (purdue.edu)
Ester is a suitable functional group for staining viable cells. (dojindo.com)
Several fluorescein analogs with ester groups in their structure are available for staining viable cells. (dojindo.com)
Fluorescent staining using CTC is another method used to detect viable bacterial cells. (dojindo.com)

I was at a meeting last week and someone mentioned that for acridine orange staining, slides should not be methanol fixed. (bio.net)

Nucleotide staining with fluorescent intercalators is mostly used for dead cell detection. (dojindo.com)

Acridine orange and fluorescein have a maximum excitation at 502nm and 525 nm (green). (wikipedia.org)
When acridine orange associates with RNA, the fluorescent dye experiences a maximum excitation shift from 525 nm (green) to 460 nm (blue). (wikipedia.org)
When bound to RNA, acridine orange displays a maximum emission value of 650 nm and a maximum excitation value of 460 nm. (wikipedia.org)
The maximum excitation and emission value that occur when acridine orange is bound to RNA are the result of electrostatic interactions and the intercalation between the acridine molecule and nucleic acid-base pairs present within RNA and DNA. (wikipedia.org)

Mycorrhizal frequency (F%) in the stained root samples was also compared. (scirp.org)

The MMP score was calculated as the sum of the score of staining distribution and the score of the intensity staining. (cancerindex.org)

The most commonly stained cell components are cell membranes, proteins, and nucleotides. (dojindo.com)

Acridine orange is cell-permeable, which allows the dye to interact with DNA by intercalation, or RNA via electrostatic attractions. (wikipedia.org)
Various activities and structures of a cell can be targeted for staining with fluorescent compounds (Fig. 1). (dojindo.com)

Direct epifluorescent filter technique (DEFT) using acridine orange is a method known for examining the microbial content within food and water. (wikipedia.org)

The newly developed method of staining roots with carbol fuchsin, compared with the method used previously (Phillips and Hayman, 1970), is both less time consuming and less labour intensive. (scirp.org)

and, (2) the staining of samples was frequently inconsistent. (biomedcentral.com)
Without staining failure, malaria infection status of about 100 samples was determined on-site per one microscopist per day, using the improved AO diagnostic system. (biomedcentral.com)

Em: green fluorescence at 530 nm, orange fluorescence at 640 nm). (medchemexpress.com)

Positive and negative controls must be used to monitor the effectiveness of test procedures that use special stains or reagents, tests with endpoints such as agglutination, color change, or other non-numeric results. (who.int)
False positive results were rare (two of 162 observations, 1.2%) but there were eight false negatives (4.9%), five of which were with acridine orange. (bmj.com)

The second problem was, although not often discussed, that "blood films were easily over- or under-stained" by AO, as noted by Craig and Sharp [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Immunohistochemical staining studies revealed that P-gp expression was positively correlated with P65 expression. (greenmedinfo.com)

Using a reformulated AO solution, the staining protocol was revised to make use of a concentration gradient instead of uniform staining. (biomedcentral.com)

When bound to DNA, acridine orange is very similar spectrally to an organic compound known as fluorescein. (wikipedia.org)

Many variations of AO-staining protocols have been tried over the past half-century. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms4

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes2

Health Care1

Fluorescence microscopy2

Ethidium6

Hoechst3

Propidium4

Dyes8

Assay2

Diagnosis of malaria2

Flow cytometry2

Methylene blue1

Epifluorescence microscopy2

Nucleic acid-selective2

Supravital2

Apoptosis2

Microscopic2

Giemsa4

Autophagy2

Apoptotic2

Membrane5

Specimens1

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Binds1

400x2

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Sperm1

Microorganisms1

Cells13

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