Stage of mammalian oocyte maturation bovine stage pre implantation embryo. Medical search. Frequent questions

The bovine embryos with higher oxygen consumption are better candidates to further development into good quality embryos and yielded higher pregnancy rates after embryo transfer. (bioone.org)
Paternal sperm DNA damage has negative effects on the integrity of early embryonic development as the percentage of good quality embryos as well as implantation rates was significantly reduced in patients exhibiting high DNA damage [ 27 ] and it appears that the second and third mitoses are the sensitive periods [ 28 ]. (hindawi.com)

Studies with rodent oocytes suggest that certain cortical granules undergo redistribution and/or exocytosis throughout the meiotic cycle thus establishing the CGFDs. (wikipedia.org)
Germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) occurs during oocyte meiotic maturation, a period when transcriptional processes are virtually inactive. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of nuclear meiotic maturation via IBMX significantly increased MIR21 and decreased its target, PDCD4. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results indicate MIR21 is active and important during meiotic maturation of the oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
The oocyte must maintain arrest at the diplotene stage until meiotic resumption occurs. (biomedcentral.com)
Of particular interest is understanding the role of non-coding RNA in regulating meiotic checkpoints in the oocyte, particularly that of microRNA-21 (MIR21). (biomedcentral.com)
Full-grown oocytes are transcriptionally silent and must stably maintain the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) needed for oocyte meiotic maturation and early embryonic development. (bvsalud.org)
Overall, there is more to the maternal ageing of oocytes than mere cellular deterioration exemplified by the notoriousincrease of meiotic aneuploidy. (gotomydoctor.com)

Following germinal vesicle break down (GVBD) the oocyte is transcriptionally quiescent until fertilization and activation of the embryonic genome, occurring at the four-cell stage of development in the pig [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
2021: Christina Alexandra KALENBERG (Division of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, 3001 Bern, Switzerland) for the paper entitled "The embryonic development of the bovine stomach revisited" in co-authorship with M.H. Stoffel and published in the Journal Anatomia Histologia Embryologia 2020, 49:270-280. (wava-amav.org)
2018: Miriam Beyes (Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany) for the paper entitled: "Description of post-implantation embryonic stages in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) after embryonic diapause" in co-authorship with N. Nause, M. Bleyer, F.-J. Kaup and S. Neumann and published in the Journal Anatomia Histologia Embryologia 2017, 46:582-591. (wava-amav.org)
Efficient generation of embryonic stem cells from single blastomeres of cryopreserved mouse embryos in the presence of signalling modulators. (axonmedchem.com)

Oocytes, sperms, and embryos are shielded from oxidative stress in their natural environment by free radical scavengers found in oviductal and follicular fluids. (vetmedmosul.com)
The mammalian ovary has all the molecular machinery required for the biosynthesis of melatonin and interestingly concentration of melatonin in the follicular fluid of pre-ovulatory follicles is much higher than circulatory melatonin even in humans. (jrhm.org)
Further, melatonin and its receptors play a significant role in antioxidant defense mechanism of ovary for follicular growth and maturation. (jrhm.org)
factor(s) relies on gene transcription that oocytes largely Oocytes spend most of their time quiescent in primordial perform during follicular growth prior to ovulation, and follicles, mature over days or weeks during follicular the transcriptional activities of oocytes may be influ- growth and then become quiescent again near the enced by maternal age. (gotomydoctor.com)

This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
Considering that rodent oocytes have around 75% less surface area than oocytes of larger mammalian species, sperm binding in this region is more probable thereby possibly necessitating the need for local blocking. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers also hypothesize the oocyte releases some cortical granules pre-fertilzation in order to make minor modifications to the oocyte's extracellular matrix so that binding is limited to only sperm capable of binding despite these minor modifications. (wikipedia.org)
oxidative stress is the most prominent one, which will cause damage or alter the genetic material of the sperm and reduce the quality of the oocytes, and has a crucial impact on the possibility of developing embryos even after implantation. (vetmedmosul.com)
For this purpose, we have incubated ram sperm using four different treatments in terms of antioxidants: melatonin, cysteamine, vitamin C, and vitamin E. They were incubated by the standard methods of maturation and capacitation of sperm. (vetmedmosul.com)
In conclusion, melatonin could be a promising tool for improving sperm competence for fertilizing oocytes and embryo development in sheep. (vetmedmosul.com)
To fertilize the oocytes, sperm must undergo a series of physiological and biochemical alterations in vitro (3). (vetmedmosul.com)
Oxidative stress is one of the key factors contributing to a decrease in sperm quality during the maturation and capacitation of the sperm (5). (vetmedmosul.com)
thereby, oocytes and sperm are highly vulnerable to reactive oxygen species (ROS) attacks, affecting their quality and viability (6). (vetmedmosul.com)
ROS are free radicals that are continuously produced by oxidative metabolic reactions and increase in vitro conditions, causing aging of both the oocyte (7) and sperm (8), as well as perhaps impairing fertilization and embryo development. (vetmedmosul.com)
After intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 48 embryos were evaluated on day 3 of their development, according to their cell number. (who.int)
Furthermore, sperm DNA damage appears to be linked to the most important checkpoints of fertility such as reduced fertilization rates, lower embryo quality and pregnancy rates, higher miscarriage rates, malformations, and childhood diseases [ 22 ]. (hindawi.com)
in-vitro -matured oocytes were co-incubated with sperm according to a modified two-step culture system. (e-jarb.org)
In the first experiment, oocytes were briefly co-incubated with sperm, washed in IVF medium, and then moved to fresh IVF medium for 5 or 6 h. (e-jarb.org)
In experiment 2, oocytes were inseminated with sperm separated by Pecroll treatment. (e-jarb.org)

Melatonin supplementation has been shown to promote bovine and porcine oocytes' maturation rate and increase their blastocyst of IVF embryos (16). (vetmedmosul.com)
Human and porcine oocytes transiently cluster their chromosomes before the onset of spindle assembly and subsequent chromosome segregation. (bvsalud.org)

These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
Cortical granules are regulatory secretory organelles (ranging from 0.2 um to 0.6 um in diameter) found within oocytes and are most associated with polyspermy prevention after the event of fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, some pre-fertilization cortical granule exocytotic events occur in the cell's cleavage furrow simultaneously with polar body formation. (wikipedia.org)
An assortment of hypotheses exist concerning the biological function of CGFDs and pre-fertilization cortical granule exocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
1998. Influence of organochlorine pesticides on maturation and post-fertilization development of bovine oocytes in vitro . (cdc.gov)
SECM technique may be a valuable tool for accurately assessing the quality of embryos and thereby contribute to improving outcomes associated with assisted reproduction, including human in vitro fertilization. (bioone.org)
To determine the role of PIF in post-fertilization embryo development, we measured the peptide's concentration in the culture medium and tested endogenous PIF's potential trophic effects and direct interaction with the embryo. (biomedcentral.com)
The oocytes were fertilized by spermatozoa that had been capacitated with two groups of fertilization media, the first group containing melatonin and the second group containing cysteamine. (vetmedmosul.com)
On the one hand, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mandatory mediators for essential cellular functions including the function of germ cells (oocytes and spermatozoa) and thereby the fertilization process. (hindawi.com)
Usage of melatonin during in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures has been found to improve oocyte quality, survival, and fecundity. (jrhm.org)

Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a huge number of small oocytes (primordial oocytes) in primordial follicles. (go.jp)
In this review, we summarize the results regarding the activation of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult ovaries of different species and propose a model in which ovaries of neonatal mammals contain a mixed population of both quiescent and activated primordial oocytes, while almost all primordial oocytes are quiescent in adult females. (go.jp)
FOXO3 is considered one of the molecules responsible for the dormancy of primordial oocytes in adult ovaries. (go.jp)

The mammalian genome comprises nuclear DNA (nDNA) derived from both parents and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that is maternally inherited and encodes essential proteins required for oxidative phosphorylation. (regenerativemedicine.net)

A small number of primordial oocytes start to grow, while others remain quiescent. (go.jp)
These quiescent primordial oocytes are activated, perhaps by certain mechanisms involving the interaction between stimulatory and inhibitory factors, to enter the growth phase. (go.jp)

In oocytes, caffeine induces the dephosphorylation of MPF by inhibiting the transcription factor Myt1 and activity of the G2 checkpoint kinase Wee1, converting inactive MPF into its active form. (molcells.org)

Chromosomal mosaicism in human blastocysts : the ultimate challenge of preimplantation genetic testing? (ugent.be)
Test FITC-PIF uptake by cultured bovine blastocysts using fluorescent microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
FITC-PIF was taken-up by cultured bovine blastocysts, but not by scrambled FITC-PIF (control). (biomedcentral.com)
The synchronization and ovulatory responses of Sangsari cross bred ewes and metabolism of energy substrates in 8-cell stage embryos to hatched blastocysts stage produced in vitro or in vivo were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
The production of CO2 from glucose by sheep embryos has been determined[ 3 ] and results have indicated that little glucose is utilized by the embryos of sheep and that blastocysts derived from oocytes, matured and fertilized in vitro , oxidized glucose at a lower rate than those developed in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

Respiration activity correlates with the embryo quality. (bioone.org)

In some species (e.g., bovine), evidence indicates that decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 levels in estrogen-dominant preovulatory follicles are likely due, in part, to increased protease activity, whereas lower levels of IGFBP-2 are not due to increased proteolysis. (bioone.org)
SECM measuring system can non-invasively measure respiration activity by single embryos of several species including human. (bioone.org)
Here, we have examined the evolutionary conservation of Hippo signalling, which is thought to function downstream of aPKC activity, in four different mammalian species: mouse, rat, cow and human. (bvsalud.org)
However, the timing and localisation of molecular markers differ across species, with rat embryos more closely recapitulating human and cow developmental dynamics, compared with the mouse. (bvsalud.org)
However, compared to other species, research on TE in livestock and poultry is still in its early stages. (biomedcentral.com)
While deteriorate as the potential mother ages, compromising, the receptivity of the uterus and the ovarian reserve of for example, the function of the chromosomal apparatus follicles can explain the 'maternal age effect' in part, it is or the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species known that age-related decline of a female's fertility is resulting from mitochondrial reactions ( also rooted in the quality and developmental potential of her oocytes. (gotomydoctor.com)

Increased IGFBP-4 and -5 protease along with lower amounts of IGFBP-4 binding activity and greater amounts of free IGF-I are some of the earliest developmental changes documented in bovine growing antral follicles. (bioone.org)
Oocytes were collected from aspirated porcine tertiary follicles. (biomedcentral.com)

The first marked increase in the metabolism of glucose by ovine embryos was detected in compact morula stage, but there was no significant increase in the oxidation of glucose after the morula stage. (biomedcentral.com)

Levels of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in oocytes decline after vitrification, and this decline has been suggested as one of the main causes of low developmental competence resulting from cryoinjury. (molcells.org)
Another drawback of oocyte vitrification is diminished developmental potential because of the decreased quality of embryos after warming. (molcells.org)

Little is known about the mechanism regulating the activation of primordial oocytes. (go.jp)
We think that primordial oocytes in adult mammals are different from those in neonatal mammals. (go.jp)
The dormancy of primordial oocytes may be required to reserve the non-growing oocyte pool for the long reproductive life in mammals. (go.jp)

Given the current state of research, comprehensive information on the impact of different conditions on IVF and embryo development would greatly contribute to our understanding of how processing methods influence IVF outcomes. (e-jarb.org)

Investigating the proteinsresulting from mRNA translation would reveal how far the levels of functionally available proteins correlate with mRNAs and would offernovel insights into the changes oocytes undergo during maternal ageing. (gotomydoctor.com)

In single bovine IVF-derived embryos, PIF levels in medium at day 3 of culture were higher than non-cleaving embryos (control) (P = 0.01) and at day 7 were higher than day 3 (P = 0.03). (biomedcentral.com)

As for the IVF medium containing melatonin, it was superior to cysteamine in embryo development rates. (vetmedmosul.com)

To characterize the effect of artificially increasing MIR21 on oocyte competence without inhibiting GVBD, a MIR21 mimic, scrambled microRNA negative control, or nuclease free water was micro-injected into denuded oocytes at 21 h of IVM. (biomedcentral.com)

Within the uterus, such signals support implantation [ 2 ] while in the periphery they induce and/or maintain tolerance without allowing for deleterious immune suppression to occur [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Rieger[ 4 ] inferred that the pre-implantation bovine embryo undergoes an intensified period of cellular synthetic processes which require appropriate substrates for production of energy and reducing equivalents in the form of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate. (biomedcentral.com)

Microarray-based global gene expression analyses on bovine placenta and trophoblast cells suggest that the expression profiles of specific genes depend on the cells and tissues in which they are expressed as well as the time of the gestation period. (bioone.org)

These findings are linked to melatonin's ability to reduce ROS and its adverse effects on oocytes, such as aging, apoptosis, and its capacity to bind to specific DNA sequences and interact with cytosolic molecules to regulate antioxidant genes (17). (vetmedmosul.com)

Here, we assessed application of different linear or non-linear GRN predictions to single-cell simulated and human embryo transcriptome datasets. (bvsalud.org)
Given the lack of correlation, we conclude that proteome analysis of mouse oocytes may not be surrogated with transcriptome analysis. (gotomydoctor.com)

Respiration is useful parameter for evaluating embryo quality as it provides important information about metabolic activity. (bioone.org)
PIF-ELISA use to assess IVF embryo quality prior to transfer is warranted. (biomedcentral.com)
Understanding the association between Cell-free DNA levels in embryo CM and the quality of embryo cleavage could help improve the quality of IVF techniques. (who.int)
This prospective study was conducted with 96 spent CM from patients undergoing IVF cycle, in order to determine relationships of Cell-free DNA levels in embryo CM with embryo cleavage quality on day 3. (who.int)
Due to its clinical applications success of IVF results is the morphological and the expansion of non-invasive treatment quality of the embryo. (who.int)
In vivo and in organized cells, and proper symmetry are healthy individuals, macrophages can characteristics of higher-quality embryos, which phagocytize DNA that has been passively point to healthy development and higher rates of released into the blood from apoptotic or necrotic implantation. (who.int)
Along with polyspermy, the suboptimal quality of IVF-derived pig embryos poses another challenge that needs to be addressed for in vitro production systems. (e-jarb.org)

and human spermatogenic stem cell culture to treat azoospermia, and to preserve fertility in pre-pubertal boys undergoing cancer treatment. (infertile.com)
In contexts with limited single-cell samples, such as the early human embryo inference of transcription factor-gene regulatory network (GRN) interactions is especially difficult. (bvsalud.org)
MICA predicted co-localisation of the AP-1 transcription factor subunit proto-oncogene JUND and the TFAP2C transcription factor AP-2Î³ in early human embryos. (bvsalud.org)
We have shown that the establishment of cell polarity via aPKC is a conserved event in the initiation of the trophectoderm (TE) placental programme in mouse, cow and human embryos. (bvsalud.org)
However, the mechanisms transducing cell polarity into cell fate in cow and human embryos are unknown. (bvsalud.org)
Practically, cycle regulation, chromosome stability and epigenetic F9 cells allow for the efficient metabolic labelling of the modification, in both mouse and human oocytes SILAC reference in vitro, overcoming the difficulty of directly labelling oocytes in vivo. (gotomydoctor.com)
Revealing cell populations catching the early stages of the human embryo development in naïve pluripotent stem cells. (axonmedchem.com)

In mammals, the oocyte continuously produces and translocates cortical granules to the cortex until ovulation occurs. (wikipedia.org)
Synchronization of estrus followed by induction of ovulation are basic techniques in all embryo transfer programs. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, we conclude that the classic features of ageing may not be transposed from somatic tissues to oocytes in a one-to-onefashion. (gotomydoctor.com)

3- Spermatozoa may have a more significant impact on determining early embryos' fate. (vetmedmosul.com)

Determine PIF levels in culture medium of multiple mouse and single bovine embryos cultured up to the blastocyst stage using PIF-ELISA. (biomedcentral.com)
PIF levels in mouse embryo culture medium significantly increased from the morula to the blastocyst stage (ANOVA, P = 0.01). (biomedcentral.com)

This paper was applauded for using state-of-the-art imaging and computational morphometric analysis of the pre- and postnatal developmental changes in the shape and composition of the murine femur, providing new insights in the ossification and growth patterns of developing bone. (wava-amav.org)

In vivo development was assessed after transfer of injected oocytes to the oviducts of recipient mares. (bioone.org)
While the pattern of oxidation was similar among in vitro and in vivo derived embryos, a low pyruvate to lactate ratio was the preferred substrate of embryos derived in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)

Maturation of the mammalian oocyte is a complex process involving internal checkpoints and bidirectional communication with the surrounding cumulus cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Our understanding of the molecular events driving cell specification in early mammalian development relies mainly on mouse studies, and it remains unclear whether these mechanisms are conserved across mammals, including humans. (bvsalud.org)

Some molecular factor(s) within oocytes might enon. (gotomydoctor.com)
Unlike the male germline, the bulk of The synthesis of the aforementioned molecular oocytes do not have a gonial stem cell population. (gotomydoctor.com)

Influence of organochlorine pesticides on development of mouse embryos in vitro . (cdc.gov)
Examine the inhibitory effects of anti-PIF-monoclonal antibody (mAb) added to medium on cultured mouse embryos development. (biomedcentral.com)
Detectable - though low - PIF levels were secreted already by 2-cell stage mouse embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
We analysed maternal ageing of mouse oocytes on the protein level, using SILAC technology and high- However, searching these studies for culprits resolution MS, to define its signature at a level closer elicits a list of candidate genes that is quite short, to phenotype than mRNA. (gotomydoctor.com)

[email protected] *(C Schwarzer and M Siatkowski contributed equally to this work) The long-standing view of 'immortal germline vs mortal soma' poses a fundamental question in biology concerning how oocytes age inmolecular terms. (gotomydoctor.com)

Measurement of free radicals in the culture medium of developing embryos has been reported as an index for embryo viability. (biomedcentral.com)

The large volume of medium significantly reduced the number of dead oocytes and increased the rate of blastocyst formation compared to the small volume. (e-jarb.org)

Cortical granule formation occurs during the early stages of oocyte growth. (wikipedia.org)
During the early stages of oocyte growth, the Golgi complex increases in size, proliferates, and produces small vesicles that migrate to the cell's subcortical region. (wikipedia.org)
PIF is an early embryo viability marker that has a direct supportive role on embryo development in culture. (biomedcentral.com)
The early process of vertebrate neurogenesis is divided into several basic processes, such as differentiation into the neural plate (neural induction) and formation and maturation of the neural network from the ectoderm. (justia.com)

The inability to transcribe mRNA during this stage of development and the probable necessity for post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) suggests an important role for non-coding RNA in the maturing oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
In maize, a miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) inserted into the promoter of the NAC gene ( ZmNAC111 ) has been found to enhance drought tolerance at the seedling stage [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A mainstream hypothesis is that maternal ageing of oocytes has its roots in gene transcription. (gotomydoctor.com)

Mares were killed 7.5-8.5 days after transfer and the uterus and oviducts flushed for embryo recovery. (bioone.org)

Embryo morphology al ows options, the discovery of cell-free DNA in the evaluation of its growth, viability, and biological fluids has led to major advances in implantation capacity. (who.int)

Anatomy28

Organisms15

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs46

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes51

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care3

Good quality embryos2

Meiotic8

Embryonic4

Follicular4

Sperm16

Porcine oocytes2

Fertilization10

Ovaries3

Nuclear1

Quiescent2

Induces1

Blastocysts5

Correlates1

Species6

Follicles2

Ovine1

Vitrification2

Primordial3

Methods1

Undergo1

0.031

Melatonin1

Competence1

Induce1

Cellular1

Placenta1

Apoptosis1

Transcriptome2

Quality7

Human7

Ovulation2

Somatic1

Spermatozoa1

Blastocyst stage2

Developmental changes1

Vivo2

Checkpoints1

Relies1

Molecular2

Mouse4

Poses1

Free radicals1

Significantly reduced1

Early4

Gene3

Uterus1

Growth1