• PNAs are also stable over a wide pH range. (wikipedia.org)
  • The various purine and pyrimidine bases are linked to the backbone by a methylene bridge (-CH 2-) and a carbonyl group (-(C=O)-). PNAs are depicted like peptides, with the N-terminus at the first (left) position and the C-terminus at the last (right) position. (wikipedia.org)
  • described a trans-acting DNA-based amphiphatic delivery system for convenient delivery of poly A tailed uncharged nucleic acids (UNA) such as PNAs and morpholinos, so that several UNA's can be easily screened ex vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) 1 are synthetic structural homologues of DNA and RNA in which the entire phosphate-sugar backbone of the polynucleotide has been replaced by a flexible polyamide backbone consisting of 2-aminoethyl glycine units. (archive.org)
  • Under appropriate conditions, PNAs show greater discrimination and form more stable hybrids with DNA than the corresponding DNA⅐DNA duplexes (1, 4 -8). (archive.org)
  • Studies of homopyrimidine and homopurine PNAs show that this rapid and highly specific association with the complementary DNA strand is followed by the addition of a second PNA molecule to the PNA⅐DNA duplex to form a very stable (PNA) 2 -DNA triplex, while the noncomplementary DNA strand is left in the single-stranded state (8 -10). (archive.org)
  • Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are synthesized by attaching modified peptide backbones generally derived from repetitive N-2-aminoethyl glycine units in place of the regular phosphodiester backbone and represent synthetic impersonator of nucleic acids that offers an exciting research field due to their fascinating spectrum of biotechnological, diagnostic and potential therapeutic applications. (bvsalud.org)
  • OBJECTIVES: To examine the bactericidal effect of antisense peptide-peptide nucleic acids (P-PNAs) that can block the expression of DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV in FQ-resistant Escherichia coli (FRE). (bvsalud.org)
  • Nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids include adenine and guanine (called purines) and cytosine, uracil, or thymine (called pyrimidines). (rainis.pics)
  • These groups are compatible with biological molecules, as they do not react with the functional groups found in nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. (biosearchtech.com)
  • Creative Peptides provides a full range of PNA products and related services, including but not limited to PNA design, custom synthesis, chemical modification, PNA-based biochemical services and drug development services. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides is committed to providing high-quality peptides labeled with 2H, 13C, and 15N. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides is committed to providing the high quality stable isotope labeled peptides to meet customer need. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides proudly provides high quality fluorescence and dye labeled peptides due to a high level of knowledge and experience in carbohydrate chemistry. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides applies a wide variety of fluorescent and dye labels to meet customer need. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides is specialized in the process development and the manufacturing of bioactive peptides. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides is staffed by scientific teams with experts in the fields of peptide technology, antibodies and synthetic chemistry. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides offers Fidaxomicin for your research. (afroshub.com)
  • Creative Peptides has provided many years of professional support to local, domestic and international customers. (creative-peptides.com)
  • As a research organization that provides full-service PNA services, Creative Peptides ' customer-centric collaborative approach helps us build true partnerships with customers. (creative-peptides.com)
  • An Evaluation of Peptide-Bond Isosteres Amit Choudhary[c] and Ronald T. Raines*[a, b] Peptide-bond isosteres can enable a deep interrogation of the structure and function of a peptide or protein by amplifying or attenuating particular chemical properties. (pdffox.com)
  • This delocalization is primarily responsible for the rotational barrier between the cis and trans isomers of the peptide bond, which can limit the rate of protein folding. (pdffox.com)
  • 1. Fluorescent dye maleimides are the most popular tool for conjugating dyes to a peptide, protein, antibody, thiol-modified oligonucleotide or nucleic acid through their SH group. (aatbio.com)
  • Read in groups of three, the base sequence directly gives the amino acid sequence in the encoded protein. (rainis.pics)
  • Nucleic acid represents the ideal drug candidate for protein targets that are hard to target or against which drug development is not easy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a non-protein glycosaminoglycan (GAG) having unique physico-chemical properties, produced by chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and synoviocytes.HA is synthesised by hyaluronan synthase (HAS), of which vertebrates have three isozymes (HAS-1, HAS-2, and HAS-3). (biotechnolabs.com)
  • The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. (giantlab.net)
  • Shortly after or even during synthesis, the residues in a protein are often chemically modified by post-translational modification, which alters the physical and chemical properties, folding, stability, activity, and ultimately, the function of the proteins.In addiction,Sometimes proteins have non-peptide groups attached, which can be called prosthetic groups or cofactors. (giantlab.net)
  • Proteins can also work together to achieve a particular function, and they often associate to form stable protein complexes. (giantlab.net)
  • It is generally believed that peptides are precise protein fragments, and their molecules are only nanometer-sized, and are easily absorbed by the stomach, blood vessels and skin. (giantlab.net)
  • 2 - Trojan peptides and nuclear localization sequences that will transport of nanoparticles through the cell and nucleus membranes and 3 - DNA (or Protein Nucleic Acid, PNA) sequences that will bind either to promoter regions or to the human telomere sequence at the end of chromosomes in order to inhibit transcription and chromosomes separation during the cell division. (tau.ac.il)
  • Frequently used methods are based on, for example, antigen-antibody systems, nucleic acid hybridization techniques, and protein-ligand systems. (justia.com)
  • Functional recognition of the modified human tRNA(UUU)(Lys3) anticodon domain by HIV's nucleocapsid protein and a peptide mimic. (ncsu.edu)
  • Bharat Panwar and Gajendra Pal Singh Raghava : Prediction and Classification of Nucleic Acid Interacting Residues in a Protein using Composition Profile of Patterns. (imtech.res.in)
  • This technology was recently used to achieve stepwise total chemical synthesis of protein chains nearing 200 amino acids in length that retained the structure and function of native variants obtained by recombinant expression. (aps2022.org)
  • This platform is currently applied for discovery of non-canonical peptide disruptors of cancer protein-protein interactions that are effective, non-toxic, long-circulating, and stable in cells and animals. (aps2022.org)
  • I will discuss the fully automated single-shot chemical synthesis of protein chains up to 220 amino acids in hours. (aps2022.org)
  • Here, we describe the generation of 39 flaviviral virus-like particle (VLP)- and nonstructural protein 1 (NS1)-secreting stable cell lines in HEK-293 cells representing 13 medically important flaviviruses. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe a statistical measure, Mass Distance Fingerprint, for automatic de novo detection of predominant peptide mass distances, i.e., putative protein mod- ifications. (lu.se)
  • The need to keep track of protein modifications is readily recognized by the proteomics community, and few repositories of known peptide modifications have been created. (lu.se)
  • Synthetic peptide nucleic acid oligomers have been used in recent years in molecular biology procedures, diagnostic assays, and antisense therapies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Efforts to mimic nature typically utilize amino acids and amino acid derivatives to form peptidomimetics having amide bonds.Presented here is a new class of synthetic sequence-defined polymers which do not use peptide bonds. (pnnl.gov)
  • Synthesis of the DOTA-PNA conjugates was followed by automated elongation with a peptide sequence (PTD-4-glycine, PTD-4-G), known to mediate cellular internalization of impermeable effector molecules, or its retro-inverso analogue (ri-PTD-4-G). Preparation of the four conjugates required an innovative synthetic strategy, using mild acid conditions to generate hydrophobic, partially deprotected intermediates. (nih.gov)
  • Click ligation has been employed to generate stable 5′-5′ and 5′-3′ strand ligation, the synthesis of cyclic DNA catenanes (synthetic mimics of mini-plasmids), mini-DNA duplexes, and duplexes that are covalently cross-linked across the nucleobases. (biosearchtech.com)
  • Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, can be considered as the information molecules of the cell. (rainis.pics)
  • This mini-review focuses on covalently linked conjugates of PNA with cell-penetrating peptides, aminosugars, aminoglycoside antibiotics, and non-peptidic molecules that were tested, primarily as PNA carriers, in antibacterial and antiviral applications. (bvsalud.org)
  • Peptide nucleic acid, a type of DNA analogue, have many advantages that DNA molecules do not. (afroshub.com)
  • Methods and Compositions for F-18 Labeling of Proteins, Peptides and Other Molecules - The present application discloses compositions and methods of synthesis and use of F-18 labeled molecules of use, for example, in PET imaging techniques. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
  • An exemplary method involves detection of single molecules of fluorescent labels released from a nucleic acid during synthesis of an oligonucleotide. (justia.com)
  • Reconstitution of hmtRNAMet from U8 and 8U→C D-half-molecules with T-half-molecules required Mg2+ and was assessed by gel mobility shift assays using native 15% PAGE in Tris borate buffer (89 mm Tris base, 89 mm boric acid, pH 8.3) with and without 3 mm Mg2+ at 4 °C (25Jones C. Spencer A.C. Hsu J. Spremulli L.L. Martinis S.A. DeRider M. Agris P.F. J. Mol. (ncsu.edu)
  • Messenger RNA is matched to molecules of transfer RNA (tRNA) in the ribosomes to create amino acids. (bartleby.com)
  • These may be different molecules within the cells like proteins, polysaccharides, or nucleoproteins and may also be the whole cell, like a tumor cell or organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or agents containing genetic material such as nucleic acids or lipids. (medscape.com)
  • Variable region constitutes the antibody binding region of the molecule to the different antigens as it consists of about 110 amino acids that vary widely among the different antibody molecules. (medscape.com)
  • Monomer for Me-phosphonate nucleic acid synthesis. (biosearchtech.com)
  • Synthesis resembles peptide synthesis. (biosearchtech.com)
  • Our experts in carbohydrate and peptide chemistry work together to make the synthesis of any such compound feasible. (afroshub.com)
  • We are dedicated to offering custom peptide synthesis, process development, Manufacturing as well as catalog products for customers in industry and research area. (afroshub.com)
  • We also provide custom peptide synthesis, process development, GMP manufacturing. (afroshub.com)
  • The demonstration that ribosomal peptide synthesis is a ribozyme-catalyzed reaction makes it almost certain that there was once an RNA World" (Orgel Leslie E. 2004). (bartleby.com)
  • Further, chemical synthesis enables the ability to rewire the covalent framework with non-natural amino acids, drugs, and carbohydrates. (aps2022.org)
  • Recycling maintains a pool of biotin to serve as a critical cofactor for gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and branched chain amino acid catabolism. (medscape.com)
  • Metabolic impairment leads to abnormalities in fatty acid synthesis, amino acid catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. (medscape.com)
  • Because of its antigene, antisense, anti-miR, and the scope to be labeled with various fluorophores, PNA finds application in gene expression modulation in-vivo , and development of nucleic acid-based biosensors which are useful in biotechnology researches and clinical diagnostics. (creative-peptides.com)
  • A sophisticated high-order framework nucleic acid (FNA) was engineered for the targeted delivery and responsive release of environment tolerant antisense peptide nucleic acids (asPNAs). (bvsalud.org)
  • METHODS: A set of antisense P-PNA conjugates with a bacterial penetration peptide were designed to inhibit the expression of gyrA and parC and were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. (bvsalud.org)
  • The objective of this work was to synthesize an antisense peptide nucleic acid (PNA) complementary to the first six codons of the bcl-2 open reading frame, conjugated to a membrane-permeating peptide for intracellular delivery, and modified with a bifunctional chelating agent for targeting imaging and therapeutic radiometals to tumors overexpressing bcl-2. (nih.gov)
  • Four peptide-PNA constructs were synthesized by a combination of manual and automated stepwise elongation techniques, including bcl-2 antisense conjugates and nonsense conjugates with no complementarity to any known mammalian gene or DNA sequence. (nih.gov)
  • Scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy of TMR-labeled ri-PTD-4-G-anti-bcl-2 PNA in Raji lymphoma cells demonstrated that the retro-inverso peptide was active in membrane permeation and mediated cellular internalization of the antisense PNA into the cytoplasm, where high concentrations of bcl-2 mRNA are expected to be present. (nih.gov)
  • Recently, the group retargeted the anthrax protective antigen to receptors overexpressed on tumor cells and modified its lethal factor component to target cancer gene dependencies with antisense peptide nucleic acids. (aps2022.org)
  • They also overcame the cytosolic delivery barrier with cell-penetrating peptides, chemical vectors that facilitate cellular uptake and nuclear targeting of antisense cargo. (aps2022.org)
  • Harnessing the power of machine learning, best-in-class variants were predicted and designed de novo, outperforming all previously known peptides for antisense delivery, while being non-toxic and effective in mice. (aps2022.org)
  • Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is an artificial oligonucleotide mimetic with a peptidic backbone in lieu of a phosphoribosyl backbone. (creative-peptides.com)
  • Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is an artificially synthesized polymer similar to DNA or RNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this regard, polymer based nanocarriers show less immunogenicity, toxicity, and has better nucleic acid delivery compared to the viral carriers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we utilized the negatively charged and FDA approved polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) to encapsulate Notch Intracellular Domain-containing plasmid in nanoparticles. (frontiersin.org)
  • Click DNA labelling is commonly used to post-synthetically conjugate alkyne-labelled DNA to azide-functionalised reporter groups such as fluorescent dyes, sugars and peptides. (biosearchtech.com)
  • The company also offers various custom services, including chemical surface-functionalization, fluorescent modification, antibody immobilization, as well as nucleic acid and oligo conjugation to meet client specifications. (gurgaon-samachar.com)
  • Of particular value are methods for measuring small quantities of nucleic acids, peptides, saccharides, pharmaceuticals, metabolites, microorganisms and other materials of diagnostic value. (justia.com)
  • Arun Sharma, Deepak Singla, Mamoon Rashid and Gajendra Pal Singh Raghava : DESTAMP: Designing of stable antibacterial mutant peptides. (imtech.res.in)
  • Antibacterial peptide nucleic Acids-Facts and perspectives. (creative-peptides.com)
  • Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a nucleic acid mimic with high specificity and binding affinity to natural DNA or RNA, as well as resistance to enzymatic degradation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, group cross-reactive (GR)-antibody-ablated homologous fusion peptide-mutated (FP)-VLPs consistently showed higher positive-to-negative values than homologous wt-VLPs. (cdc.gov)
  • This conjugate will be designed to be stable in the upper gastrointestinal tract and deliver locally the nucleic acid drug to the colonic mucosa. (grstiftung.ch)
  • Plasma stability studies showed that (111)In-DOTA-labeled ri-PTD-4-G-anti-bcl-2 PNA was stable for 168 h at 37 degrees C, unlike the conjugate containing the parent peptide sequence. (nih.gov)
  • 9, 1040-1046] versus natural double-stranded DNA, due to enhanced p-p stacking between the bases and relatively low ionization potential of guanine, compared to other nucleic bases. (tau.ac.il)
  • These nucleotides are transcribed to form messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) consisting of nucleotides made of adenine, cytosine, guanine and uracil. (bartleby.com)
  • A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. (giantlab.net)
  • Short polypeptides, containing less than 20-30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides, or sometimes oligopeptides. (giantlab.net)
  • The individual amino aci d residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. (giantlab.net)
  • To examine the role of water penetration, we have measured the 17O and 2H magnetic relaxation dis- persions (MRD) for the V66E and V66K mutants of staphylococcal nuclease, where glutamic acid and lysine residues are buried in predominantly apolar environments. (lu.se)
  • The resulting dye conjugates are quite stable. (aatbio.com)
  • These intermediates were purified by semipreparative reversed-phase HPLC and completely deprotected to yield pure peptide-PNA conjugates in 6% to 9% overall yield. (nih.gov)
  • DNA and RNA have a deoxyribose and ribose sugar backbone, respectively, whereas PNA's backbone is composed of repeating N-(2-aminoethyl)-glycine units linked by peptide bonds. (wikipedia.org)
  • At the same meeting, Emil Fischer both espoused the Hofmeister theory and introduced the term "peptide",[3] which became associated with the bonds between constituent amino acids. (pdffox.com)
  • Peptide bonds undergo uncatalyzed hydrolysis with a t = of 400 years,[4] a value that greatly exceeds the lifespan of most organisms. (pdffox.com)
  • Nonetheless, and as noted by Hofmeister,[2] peptide bonds can be much less stable in vivo, due to the action of proteases. (pdffox.com)
  • Not surprisingly, replacing peptide bonds with some of these surrogates can lead to a considerable decrease in biological activity. (pdffox.com)
  • In some cases TF8WS-labeled peptides and nucleotides exhibit stronger fluorescence and higher photostability than the ones labeled with IRDye 800. (aatbio.com)
  • Each unit is linked to an appropriate purine or pyrimidine base to create the sequence required for hybridization to the targeted nucleic acid (1-3). (archive.org)
  • A randomly folded peptide nucleic acid has been transformed into a right-handed helix by simple modification at the γ-position of the backbone. (creative-peptides.com)
  • Chemical modification or analogs of nucleic acids can increase resistance to enzymatic degradation but do not solve the challenges of delivery. (grstiftung.ch)
  • The modification uridine-5-oxyacetic acid (cmo (5)U 34) is found at wobble position 34 in a single isoaccepting tRNA species for six amino acids, alanine, leucine, proline, serine, threonine, and valine, each having 4-fold degenerate codons. (ncsu.edu)
  • In the structural modification of PNA, there are few types of base modification, mainly the introduction of monomers composed of pseudocytosine, in order to make the modified peptide nucleic acid and DNA form a triple helix without pH dependence. (creative-peptides.com)
  • While the general sequence of SNARE complex formation is well-established, our knowledge on possible intermediates and stable off-pathway complexes is incomplete. (nature.com)
  • Peptides have also been applied to self-assembly, and it is of interest to explore such short sequences as building blocks of large, designed complexes. (mdpi.com)
  • The sequences that folded into a stable formation would be more likely to survive and duplicate that sequence. (bartleby.com)
  • The method's focus is to globally detect mass differences, not to assign peptide sequences or modifications to individual spectra. (lu.se)
  • The goal is to assign acquired spectra to known peptide sequences and potential co- and post-translational modifica- tions. (lu.se)
  • Though an unmodified PNA cannot readily cross the cell membrane to enter the cytosol, covalent coupling of a cell penetrating peptide to a PNA can improve cytosolic delivery. (wikipedia.org)
  • On the basis of these given facts one may therefore consider the proteins as for the most part arising by condensation of a-amino acids, whereby the linkage through the group CO NH CH= has to be regarded as the regularly recurring one. (pdffox.com)
  • Among these nanocarriers, PEI has the best properties for the condensation of nucleic acids into a nanosized complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nucleic acids research online , 2022, str. (ki.si)
  • By combining the use of the biotinylated CAG-specific PNA with techniques that permit a clear separation of transcriptionally active and inactive chromatin restriction fragments (22), it became possible to capture the active chromatin fragments containing the stable PNA⅐DNA hybrids on streptavidin-agarose magnetic beads. (archive.org)
  • Biotin's role in chromatin nucleic structure is based on its modulating effect on histones, the building blocks for chromatin. (medscape.com)
  • E. coli BL21 cells, carrying the pET15-bovine MTFmt plasmid construct, were grown as described (19Spencer A.C. Spremulli L.L. Nucleic Acids Res. (ncsu.edu)
  • Several studies have demonstrated the use of click chemistry in a variety of nucleic acid assemblies, including ligation, circular constructs and catenanes. (biosearchtech.com)
  • The American Peptide Society, APS, a nonprofit scientific and educational organization founded in 1990, provides a forum for advancing and promoting knowledge of the chemistry and biology of peptides. (aps2022.org)
  • Introduction Two centuries have now passed since amino acids were shown to be products of the hydrolysis of proteins. (pdffox.com)
  • In pairing with our Tide Quencher™ 8WS (TQ8WS), a variety of FRET peptides and nucleotides can be developed for detecting proteases and molecular beacons with enhanced sensitivity and stability. (aatbio.com)
  • Backbone modifications for enhanced cellular uptake: For enhanced cellular delivery, PNA has been conjugated with cell penetrating peptide (CPP), cationic peptides, and basic amino acid stretches such as Lysine and Arginine. (creative-peptides.com)
  • Under normal conditions, biotinidase cleaves biotin from biocytin or biotinyl-peptides to produce free biotin and lysine. (medscape.com)
  • This sequential reactivity provides advancement over prior methods used to form conventional sequence-defined peptide polymers because it provides completely new polymeric architectures, as compared to conventional peptide, peptoid, or nucleic acid polymers. (pnnl.gov)
  • Hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid. (cdc.gov)
  • The small fraction of hmtRNAMet that can be aminoacylated is not formylated by the mitochondrial Met-tRNA transformylase preventing its function in initiation, and it is unable to form a stable ternary complex with elongation factor EF-Tu preventing any participation in chain elongation. (ncsu.edu)
  • Oral delivery of nucleic acid drugs to the colon would be highly desirable to provide new options for the treatment of serious and rare colonic diseases such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's colitis, and Lynch syndrome, but has been challenging due to the harsh conditions found in the gastrointestinal tract and low cellular uptake. (grstiftung.ch)
  • Treatments based on nucleic acids have, while conceptually promising, failed to meet initial expectations largely because of inadequate delivery to the target site and poor or inefficient cellular uptake. (grstiftung.ch)
  • In parallel, this research allowed the identification of other local nucleic acid delivery strategies for the treatment of intestinal diseases. (grstiftung.ch)
  • Self-coacervating peptides (HBpep) derived from histidine-rich Humboldt squid beak proteins (HBPs) are considered a promising delivery platform for biomacromolecular therapeutics due to their simplicity of fabrication in full-aqueous conditions, high encapsulation efficiency, and low toxicity. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Previous studies showed that biomimetic peptide coacervate microdroplets formed by HBpep are highly stable after crossing the cell membrane, but were unable to release the cargo into the cytoplasm, which has so far limited the application of this novel delivery platform. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Leveraging expertise with high-throughput identification of peptides from ultra-large combinatorial libraries, the Pentelute group has developed an affinity selection-mass spectrometry platform for rapid de novo discovery of potent binders to proteins in solution. (aps2022.org)
  • The molecular weight of the peptide and the different amino acid arrangement order are different. (giantlab.net)
  • As long as the molecular weight of the collagen peptide is between 180 and 3000 Daltons, it is easier to absorb. (giantlab.net)
  • OHR/AVR118 (previously also called Product R) is a novel immunomodulator containing a 31-amino acid peptide and a 21-residue peptide nucleic acid, in which a diadenosine is covalently attached to serine-18 via a phosphodiester bond [1]. (scirp.org)
  • An epitope may represent a linear amino acid sequence or antigenic tertiary structure. (medscape.com)
  • The main goal of this research will be the creation stable plasmonic nano-constructs for cancer therapy. (tau.ac.il)
  • Nucleic Acids Research, 38(9), 3094–3105. (ncsu.edu)
  • NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, 36(20), 6548–6557. (ncsu.edu)
  • OHR/AVR118 is chemically stable and has a favorable safety profile, both in animal toxicity studies and in human clinical trials [2]. (scirp.org)
  • Nucleic acids have been conjugated to cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) to enhance their uptake. (grstiftung.ch)
  • Antigen secretion was stable for at least 10 cell passages, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunofluorescence assays. (cdc.gov)
  • Thirty-five cell lines (90%) had stable antigen expression over 10 passages, with three of these cell lines (7%) increasing in antigen expression and one cell line (3%) decreasing in antigen expression. (cdc.gov)
  • Antigen production was more stable and statistically higher in these newly developed cell lines than in their COS-1 cell line counterparts. (cdc.gov)
  • Despite the advantageous features of classic PNA, its low water solubility, poor cellular uptake, propensity to self-aggregate, and orientational ambiguity in recognizing nucleic acid targets, limits the effectiveness of PNA in its applications. (creative-peptides.com)
  • The ionizable amino acid side chains of proteins are usually located at the surface. (lu.se)
  • The diseases associated with mitochondrial tRNA mutations may arise from failure in the processing of the tRNA (13Levinger L. Jacobs O. James M. Nucleic Acids Res. (ncsu.edu)
  • As a result of this dual role, mitochondrial Met-tRNAMet must be recognized by the mitochondrial Met-tRNA transformylase (MTFmt) and be brought as fMet-tRNAMet to the ribosome for translational initiation (19Spencer A.C. Spremulli L.L. Nucleic Acids Res. (ncsu.edu)
  • Typically, azide-functionalised DNA, PNA or modified nucleic acids are linked to alkyne end-functional diblock copolymers. (biosearchtech.com)
  • Applying this strategy, various functional biomacromolecules including proteins, peptides and nucleic acids were successfully recruited within the coacervate microdroplets and then delivered and released inside cells. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • In particular, the ability of these isosteres to partake in noncovalent interactions is compared with that of the peptide bond. (pdffox.com)
  • However, chemical and enzymatic probing has lead to the idea that these tRNAs have retained the basic cloverleaf structure of canonical tRNAs but that they lack several conserved tertiary interactions leading to a weaker three-dimensional structure (4Watanabe Y.-I. Kawai G. Yokogawa T. Hayashi N. Kumazawa Y. Ueda T. Nishikawa K. Hirao I. Miura K.-I. Watanabe K. Nucleic Acids Res. (ncsu.edu)