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Chromium IsotopesChromiumIsotopesIsotope LabelingNitrogen IsotopesChromium CompoundsCarbon IsotopesOxygen IsotopesZinc IsotopesDeuteriumChromatesIron IsotopesSulfur IsotopesMass SpectrometryChromium AlloysIndicator Dilution TechniquesGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPicolinic AcidsRadioisotope Dilution TechniqueChromatography, LiquidProteomicsStrontium IsotopesFood ChainTandem Mass SpectrometryWeldingPotassium DichromateCarcinogens, EnvironmentalForensic SciencesTanningKineticsProteomeChromium RadioisotopesRadioactive TracersIntestinal AbsorptionAbsorptionCarbonRadiometric DatingMummiesDeuterium OxideSpectrophotometry, AtomicWater Pollutants, ChemicalZinc RadioisotopesDietAnimal MigrationBiological AvailabilityNeutron Activation AnalysisOxidation-ReductionHydrogenEcosystemAmino AcidsElectroplatingNitrogenRadioisotopesHairGeologic SedimentsMethaneZincDiphenylcarbazideMeteoroidsCalcium IsotopesMolecular Sequence DataNickelMetals, HeavyPaleontologyWaterCarbon RadioisotopesFecesFood AnalysisMercury IsotopesCobaltSoil PollutantsEnvironmental MonitoringModels, BiologicalTime Factors
RatiosRadioactive isotopeFractionationSystematicsPontoons to chromium compounds52CrUnstableFollowed by how organic ligandsAtmospheric oxygenCompoundsStrontiumOxygenIsotopic contentsNucleosyntheticCarbonAtomic WeightsMeasurementsNaturallyDecayMassRedoxLithiumAbundantOxidationPathwaysTrace elementNeutronVariationsLaboratoryAtmosphereMantleTitaniumTracer studiesProxyBiologicalEnvironmentalAnalysisResearchersSystemApplicationsChemicalAdvancesPeriodicFoundSourcesShowsHalf-livesData
Ratios5
  • Mn-Cr isotope ratios reinforce the evidence from 26Al and 107Pd for the early history of the Solar System. (wikipedia.org)
  • Variations in 53Cr/52Cr and Mn/Cr ratios from several meteorites indicate an initial 53Mn/55Mn ratio that suggests Mn-Cr isotope systematics must result from in-situ decay of 53Mn in differentiated planetary bodies. (wikipedia.org)
  • We will use brachiopod shells as archive and determine trace element ratios, stable (δ 18 O and δ 13 C) as well as traditional and non-tradition isotope systems (δ 11 B, δ 26 Mg, δ 44/40 Ca, clumped isotopes Δ 47 ) in order to gain marine environmental proxy information. (baseline-earth.eu)
  • In comparing the ratios between the isotopes of titanium, they found very little variance, which was expected. (netbalaban.net)
  • Sulfur isotope analysis has been used to investigate sources and chemical processes of sulfur dioxide and sul- fate in the atmosphere, however interpretation of measured sulfur isotope ratios is challenging due to a lack of reliable information on the isotopic fractionation involved in ma- jor transformation pathways. (documents.pub)
Radioactive isotope3
  • Each has a heavy isotope ( 13 C and 15 N) with a natural abundance of ~1% or less and a light isotope ( l2 C and 14 N) that makes up all of the remainder, in the case of nitrogen, or virtually all in the case of carbon (carbon also has a radioactive isotope, 14 C. (uga.edu)
  • Techniques for labeling a substance with a stable or radioactive isotope. (bvsalud.org)
  • Tin 119 Metal (Tin-119) is a stable (non-radioactive) isotope of Tin. (americanelements.com)
Fractionation3
  • Titanium isotope fractionation in solar system materials. (open.ac.uk)
  • Mass dependent fractionation of stable chromium isotopes in mare basalts: implications for the formation and differentiation of the Moon. (open.ac.uk)
  • Meanwhile, we also provide a description of the main influencing factors controlling Cr isotope fractionation, chromium isotope analytical methods, and terrestrial Cr release. (bvsalud.org)
Systematics1
  • This will be achieved through a combination of methods involving field collections, systematics, SEM ultrastructural analyses and geochemical trace-isotope analyses. (baseline-earth.eu)
Pontoons to chromium compounds2
52Cr2
  • The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, 52Cr, is electron capture and the primary mode after is beta decay. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tang's team had portrayed in the lab with a small assortment of organic ligands that reaction of chromium with ligands had led to 53Cr/52Cr signals which had nearly represented those stemming from oxygen-chromium reactions. (elixirofknowledge.com)
Unstable7
Followed by how organic ligands2
  • The chromium isotope system tends to work thus followed by how organic ligands tend to make for false positives - The Earth, a massive chemical laboratory performing reactions in conditions tend to differ from arctic cold to volcanic heat, thus from crushing ocean depths to no-pressure upper atmospheres. (elixirofknowledge.com)
  • Here's roughly how the chromium isotope system works, followed by how organic ligands could make for false positives. (phys.org)
Atmospheric oxygen5
  • The same isotope is preferentially involved in certain leaching reactions, thereby allowing its abundance in seawater sediments to be used as a proxy for atmospheric oxygen concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tang had commented that on a global level, the chromium isotope system is yet a great indicator of atmospheric oxygen levels through the ages and the issue exposed in the lab tends to be more local with isolated samples, particularly during eras when there was not much atmospheric oxygen. (elixirofknowledge.com)
  • They had been more suitable to counterpart the mobility effect of oxygen on chromium which made it end up as the signals in sedimentary rock that the scientists presently looked for as a sign of ancient atmospheric oxygen. (elixirofknowledge.com)
  • Common molecules called ligands can bias the results of a popular chemical tracer called the chromium (Cr) isotope system, which is used to test sedimentary rock layers for clues about atmospheric oxygen levels during the epoch when the rock formed. (phys.org)
  • On a global level, the chromium isotope system is still a great indicator of atmospheric oxygen levels through the ages," Tang said. (phys.org)
Compounds3
  • Promethium-145 is the most stable promethium isotope, but the only isotope with practical applications is promethium-147, chemical compounds of which are used in luminous paint , atomic batteries and thickness-measurement devices. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some strontium compounds in soil can dissolve in water is strontium chromate, but this is due to chromium not and move deeper in the soil to underground water. (cdc.gov)
  • This session aims to bring together scientists from different fields applying single and dual oxygen and hydrogen isotope approaches on environmental-derived compounds for the reconstruction of climatic and biological processes that go beyond standard isotope analyses of water. (copernicus.org)
Strontium15
  • High precision radiogenic strontium isotope measurements of the modern and glacial ocean : limits on glacial-interglacial variations in continental weathering. (open.ac.uk)
  • High temperature strontium stable isotope behaviour in the early solar system and planetary bodies. (open.ac.uk)
  • The retrieval of marine weathering records preserved by strontium stable isotopes in foraminifera. (open.ac.uk)
  • The strontium stable isotope composition of global rivers and the implications for the marine δ 88 Sr record. (open.ac.uk)
  • HIGHLIGHTS: Exposure to stable or radioactive strontium occurs from ingesting contaminated food or drinking water or breathing contaminated air. (cdc.gov)
  • In children, high levels of stable strontium can impair bone growth. (cdc.gov)
  • Strontium in the environment exists in four stable ` You can be exposed to low levels of stable strontium and isotopes, 84Sr (read as strontium eighty-four), 86Sr, 87Sr, 88Sr. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to low levels of stable strontium has not been takes for half of the isotope to give off its radiation and shown to affect adult health, but may harm children (see change into another substance. (cdc.gov)
  • Strontium in the environment exists in four stable isotopes, 84 Sr (read as strontium eighty-four), 86 Sr, 87 Sr, 88 Sr. (cdc.gov)
  • One of the radioactive properties of strontium is half-life, or the time it takes for half of the isotope to give off its radiation and change into another substance. (cdc.gov)
  • You can be exposed to low levels of stable strontium and radioactive strontium by breathing air, eating food, or drinking water. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to low levels of stable strontium has not been shown to affect adult health, but may harm children (see following section). (cdc.gov)
  • The only stable strontium compound that may cause cancer is strontium chromate, but this is due to chromium not strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to high levels of stable strontium can result in impaired bone growth in children. (cdc.gov)
  • All people have small amounts of stable strontium in their bodies. (cdc.gov)
Oxygen8
  • Ligands, deprived of a dominant oxygen presence tend to make a great reactive substitute as demonstrated by the researchers in reaction with chromium. (elixirofknowledge.com)
  • Similar to reactions with oxygen, reactions with ligands permits metals such as chromium to move around with ease in the world. (elixirofknowledge.com)
  • Presently researchers tend to test deep rock layer samples for the link between two chromium isotopes, 53Cr, by far the most common Cr isotope while 53Cr to acquire a read on oxygen existence across geological eras. (elixirofknowledge.com)
  • Without a dominant oxygen presence, ligands likely made a great reactive substitute, as the researchers demonstrated in reactions with chromium. (phys.org)
  • And like reactions with oxygen, reactions with ligands enable metals like chromium to move around more easily in the world. (phys.org)
  • We also encourage people working with all techniques (IRMS-, NMR- or spectroscopy-based) to present advances in methods, as well as researchers focusing on improving oxygen and hydrogen isotope-based models to discuss their approaches. (copernicus.org)
  • In summary, the session will offer an overview on oxygen and hydrogen applications across different ecosystems in order to facilitate the interpretation of compound-specific isotope patterns. (copernicus.org)
  • The physicochemical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity) were measured in the field while stable isotopes of 2D and 18O were analyzed by using GD-150 gas source isotope ratio mass spectrometer. (org.pk)
Isotopic contents1
  • Chromium isotopic contents are typically combined with manganese isotopic contents and have found application in isotope geology. (wikipedia.org)
Nucleosynthetic3
  • Potential nucleosynthetic sources of the titanium isotope variations in solar system materials. (open.ac.uk)
  • The non-nebular origins of nucleosynthetic Cr-Ti isotope variations in Ryugu can help unravel the chemical history of the early solar system. (netbalaban.net)
  • Tetsuya Yokoyama et al, Water circulation in Ryugu asteroid affected the distribution of nucleosynthetic isotope anomalies in returned sample, Science Advances (2023). (netbalaban.net)
Carbon4
Atomic Weights1
  • Atoms of the same atomic number but different atomic weights are called isotopes. (uga.edu)
Measurements1
  • The results presented in this study will be par- ticularly useful to determine the importance of the transition metal-catalysed oxidation pathway compared to other oxida- tion pathways, but other main oxidation pathways can not be distinguished based on stable sulfur isotope measurements alone. (documents.pub)
Naturally3
  • Naturally occurring chromium is found as one of four stable isotopes. (wanttoknowit.com)
  • The number of naturally occurring isotopes for dysprosium is about seven in number and all are known to be stable isotopes. (harlequin.se)
  • Naturally occurring dysprosium (Dy) is composed of 7 stable isotopes, Dy-156, Dy-158, Dy-160, Dy-161, Dy-162, Dy-163 and Dy-164, with Dy-164 being the most abundant (28.18% natural abundance). (harlequin.se)
Decay3
  • Modes of decay: Bold symbol as daughter - Daughter product is stable. (wikipedia.org)
  • This isotope is stable and thus has no decay products, so instead we show decay chains that lead down to it. (periodictable.com)
  • However, 50 Cr is thought to actually decay, but the half life is so long that it is considered to be stable. (wanttoknowit.com)
Mass3
  • mass number of dysprosium = 66 + number of neutrons in a specified isotope The mass number is different for each isotope. (harlequin.se)
  • This metal has about 29 isotopes of their mass numbers between 141 to 169. (harlequin.se)
  • Then place the solution in a mass spectrometer, which determines how much chromium 53 and how much chromium 52 is in the sample. (phys.org)
Redox3
Lithium1
  • Lithium isotopes as an indicator of primary and secondary processes in unequilibrated meteorites: chondrule cooling and aqueous alteration in CO chondrites. (open.ac.uk)
Abundant1
  • The four most abundant isotopes of dysprosium are dysprosium-161, dysprosium-162, dysprosium-163, and dysprosium-164. (harlequin.se)
Oxidation2
Pathways1
  • ATRAZINE: Stable isotope tracking of biodegradation pathways of atrazine with Rhizobiaceae Ensifer sp. (kit.edu)
Trace element1
  • 2006. Stable isotope and trace element profiling combined with classification models to differentiate geographic growing origin for three fruits: effects of subregion and variety. . (oregonstate.edu)
Neutron1
  • In nuclear industry boron is commonly used as a neutron absorber due to the high neutron cross-section of isotope 10B. (periodic-table.org)
Variations1
  • The significance of Li isotope variations in CO chondrites: bulk-rock, inter and intra-chondrule differences. (open.ac.uk)
Laboratory2
  • Chromium isotopes data from The Berkeley Laboratory Isotopes Project's Kondev, F. G. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Stable Isotope Ecology Laboratory of the Center for Applied Isotope Studies at the University of Georgia , offers a wide variety of analytical services to researchers associated with any bona-fide nonprofit research organization. (uga.edu)
Atmosphere2
  • Characteristics of chromium deposits in ancient layers of rock had become a great indicator of how much O2 was in the atmosphere. (elixirofknowledge.com)
  • And characteristics of chromium deposits in ancient layers of rock became a great indicator of how much O2 was in the atmosphere. (phys.org)
Mantle1
  • From this sample set, the melting conditions of the martian mantle seem to remain relatively stable through time (Tp = 1400 ± 100 ºC and P = 2 ± 0.5 GPa) but the depleted nature of all mantle sources sampled after the pre-Noachian points towards an early crust-mantle differentiation. (authorea.com)
Titanium2
  • In their paper published in the journal Science Advances , the group describes how they compared two isotopes of both chromium and titanium and what the differences they found told them about Ryugu's history of exposure to water before it broke away from its parent body. (netbalaban.net)
  • In this new effort, the research team focused its efforts on two isotopes of chromium and two of titanium , hoping to learn more about Ryugu's exposure to water while still a part of its parent body. (netbalaban.net)
Tracer studies1
  • We offer pre-isotope analysis lipid and urea extraction for diet and tracer studies. (uga.edu)
Proxy1
  • Development of the tellurium stable isotope proxy. (open.ac.uk)
Biological2
  • Most elements of biological interest (including C, H, O, N, and S) have two or more stable isotopes, with the lightest of these present in much greater abundance than the others. (uga.edu)
  • Tin 119 Metal is one of over 250 stable metallic isotopes produced by American Elements for biological and biomedical labeling, as target materials and other applications. (americanelements.com)
Environmental4
  • Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal that gives rise to environmental pollution and human risk. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chromium stable isotopes have a wide range of applications in both environmental field and earth science field. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although there are still some uncertainties in practical applications, chromium isotope system shows great promise in the environmental aspects. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Competence Centre "Isotopes in Environmental and Biosciences" offers a broad spectrum of analytics, excellent instrumentation and expert knowledge for many applications of modern isotope techniques in today's environmental research. (peer.eu)
Analysis1
  • SHORT DESCRIPTION This PhD project generates a Phanerozoic marine Mg isotope record, based on the analysis of δ 26 Mg values in calcitic shells of modern and fossil brachiopods. (baseline-earth.eu)
Researchers1
System1
  • Ligands the commonly known molecules could bias the results of well-known chemical traced called chromium (Cr) isotope system. (elixirofknowledge.com)
Applications1
  • At the end of the article, the current status of Cr isotope applications in the paleo-environment is explained. (bvsalud.org)
Chemical1
  • Chromium is the 24th element on the periodic table where it is represented by the chemical symbol Cr. (wanttoknowit.com)
Advances1
  • In our contribution, we discuss the potential, the advances and the limitation of the coupled isotope approach based on leaf wax-derived n -alkane and hemicellulose-derived sugar biomarkers (δ 2 H n -alkanes - δ 18 O sugars ). (copernicus.org)
Periodic1
  • Promethium is one of only two radioactive elements that are followed in the periodic table by elements with stable forms, the other being technetium . (wikipedia.org)
Found1
Sources3
  • The two sources of natural promethium are rare alpha decays of natural europium -151 (producing promethium-147) and spontaneous fission of uranium (various isotopes). (wikipedia.org)
  • In this contribution, we focus on the application of the Cr isotope in both tracing pollution sources and monitoring Cr(â ¥) pollution. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chromium isotope tracing of contaminant sources is a new application method, it has a tremendous advantage in searching for the source of Cr pollution, which has not been covered in previous reviews. (bvsalud.org)
Shows1
Half-lives1
  • All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 24 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 1 minute. (wikipedia.org)
Data1