Stable isotope analyses carbon isotope isotopes. Medical search. Frequent questions

This fractionation enables the use of stable nitrogen isotopes (δ 15 N) to infer trophic level, and high δ 15 N recorded in bone collagen usually indicates high-protein diets (Sponheimer et al. (springer.com)
The elemental analyzer produces carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas, which are analyzed for carbon and nitrogen isotopes in an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. (uwyo.edu)

Analysis of stable isotope ratios from mineralised tissue has been widely used for dietary reconstruction. (springer.com)
Isotopic reference materials are compounds (solids, liquids, gasses) with well-defined isotopic compositions and are the ultimate sources of accuracy in mass spectrometric measurements of isotope ratios. (wikipedia.org)
Due to their critical role in measuring isotope ratios, and in part, due to historical legacy, isotopic reference materials define the scales on which isotope ratios are reported in the peer-reviewed scientific literature. (wikipedia.org)
While the δ values of references are widely available, estimates of the absolute isotope ratios (R) in these materials are seldom reported. (wikipedia.org)
δ X = x / y R s a m p l e x / y R r e f e r e n c e − 1 {\displaystyle \delta ^{X}={\frac {^{x/y}R_{sample}}{^{x/y}R_{reference}}}-1} The δ values and absolute isotope ratios of common reference materials are summarized in Table 1 and described in more detail below. (wikipedia.org)
The reported isotopic ratios reflect the results from individual analyses of absolute mass fraction, aggregated in Meija et al. (wikipedia.org)
Bogaard A, Hodgson J, Nitsch E et al (2016) Combining functional weed ecology and crop stable isotope ratios to identify cultivation intensity: a comparison of cereal production regimes in Haute Provence, France and Asturias, Spain. (springer.com)
3. Under laboratory conditions, H. convergens carbon isotope ratios, 13C, changed after its food supply was shifted from a C4- to a C3-based diet of aphids produced on grain sorghum or cotton respectively. (tamu.edu)
Final isotope ratios of adult H. convergens were closer to that of the new C3-based diet, with most change in 13C occurring within 3 days after the diet shift. (tamu.edu)
4. The carbon isotope ratios of lady beetle adults collected in cotton fields suggested that grain sorghum was a continuous source for H. convergens until many nearby sorghum fields matured and senesced. (tamu.edu)
5. When cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) prey were absent, carbon isotope ratios of beetle populations did not change over time and virtually no egg production by H. convergens was detected. (tamu.edu)
6. With cotton aphids present, beetle isotope ratios decreased towards the carbon isotope ratio of cotton, indicating adult feeding in cotton. (tamu.edu)
As a result, egg masses produced had carbon isotope ratios in the C3 range of values. (tamu.edu)
Trophic fractionation and the effects of diet switch on the carbon stable isotopic "ratios" of pelagic consumers. (limnology-journal.org)
Analyses of stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios were used to test the hypothesis that there was a severe drought and related change in human diet in ancient Peru ca. 1100 C.E. Previous studies of ice cores from the Andes and paleobotanical studies of food refuse suggest that the change in climate had a major impact on human food consumption patterns. (youngscientistjournal.org)
Changes in carbon isotope ratios reveal changes in plant foods consumed. (youngscientistjournal.org)
In this study, researchers analysed the zinc stable isotope ratios from animal and human teeth from two sites in the Huà Pan Province of Laos: Tam Pà Ling and the nearby site of Nam Lot. (sciencedaily.com)
With zinc stable isotope ratios, we can now study Tam Pà Ling and learn what kind of food our earliest ancestors in this region were eating. (sciencedaily.com)

Each of the major stable isotope systems (hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur) has a wide variety of references encompassing distinct molecular structures. (wikipedia.org)
This can mean a material that historically defined an isotopic scale, such as Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) for hydrogen isotopes, even if that material is not currently in use. (wikipedia.org)
Stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C), sulfur (δ34S), oxygen (δ18O), hydrogen (δ2H), nitrogen (δ15N), and radioactive isotope of hydrogen (tritium) have been applied in combination with conventional techniques (chemical) to investigate Karachi coastal water pollution due to Layari and Malir rivers, which mainly carry the domestic and industrial wastewater of Karachi Metropolitan. (intechopen.com)
Hydrogen isotopes. (chipsbooks.com)
Here, we present a research update on recent advances in our process-based understanding of the utilization of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen isotopes to lend insight into carbon and water cycling. (ufz.de)
Stable carbon (δ¹³C) and hydrogen (δ²H) isotopes have been used to characterize hydrocarbons for exploration, development and production since the 1960s, and have re-emerged as predictive tools with the development of unconventional "tight" oil and gas plays. (onepetro.org)
Maturities derived from carbon and hydrogen isotopes can serve as controls in regional maturity maps, which are used to help define areas of oil, wet gas and dry gas production. (onepetro.org)
Stable carbon and hydrogen isotope values show a strong correlation to both initial and cumulative GOR for the unconventional Niobrara and Codell intervals of Wattenberg Field. (onepetro.org)

Site-specific natural isotope fractionation by NMR. (chipsbooks.com)
It is known that stable carbon isotope fractionation is associated with the fixation of CO in autotrophic organisms [2]. (lu.se)

De Souza CR, Maroco JP, dos Santos TP, Rodrigues ML, Lopes CM, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2005) Impact of deficit irrigation on water use efficiency and carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of field-grown grapevines under Mediterranean climate. (springer.com)
Peculiarities in the stable isotope composition of organisms from an alpine lake. (limnology-journal.org)
Factors controlling seasonal variations in stable isotope composition of particulate organic matter in a soft water eutrophic lake. (limnology-journal.org)
Validation of the correlation between Niobrara and Codell production GOR and stable isotope composition was provided by an independent geochemistry dataset from the USGS. (onepetro.org)
Internal water temperature, pH and H/D isotope composition. (lu.se)

Oxygen isotopes. (chipsbooks.com)
The ratio of stable oxygen isotopes ( 18 O/ 16 O) and carbon isotopes ( 13 C/ 12 C) were obtained from the hydroxyapatite in dental enamel from human re-mains excavated from archaeology sites in the Peruvian Andes. (youngscientistjournal.org)
If there are significant changes in the oxygen isotope ratio ( 18 O/ 16 O) and carbon isotope ratio ( 13 C/ 12 C), reported as 18 O and 13 C values, from one period to the next, then this would suggest changes in precipitation levels and changes in food production and consumption. (youngscientistjournal.org)
Previous stable isotope studies have shown that changes in stable oxygen ra-tios indicate ancient climate changes, specifically as it relates to rainfall: a less negative 18 O value indicates less rainfall and a more negative value indicates more rainfall, with some exceptions that relate to distance from equator, alti-tude, and contributions from glacial melt water [1]. (youngscientistjournal.org)
Differences in carbon isotope values stem from the complexity of pathways adapted by plants to obtain oxygen and nutrients from the environment. (youngscientistjournal.org)
The on the quantitative level of NP biodistribution, an analysis aerosol was diluted with nitrogen and--for rat exposures-- is required taking into account NP retention in the entire with oxygen adjusted to obtain 20% oxygen and the synthetic organism as well as the excretion. (cdc.gov)

Isotopic abundances are commonly reported using the δ notation, which is the ratio of two isotopes (R) in a sample relative to the same ratio in a reference material, often reported in per mille (‰) (equation below). (wikipedia.org)
Phytoplankton functional traits and seston stable isotopes ratio: a functional-based approach in a deep, subalpine lake, Lake Maggiore (N. Italy). (limnology-journal.org)

Founded on the results from the isotopic analysis, the most commonly consumed foods included plant-based such as eggplants, pears, lentils, garlic, and wheat. (researchgate.net)
Modern elemental isotopic analysis informed of the type of diet that ancient Egyptians consumed [8] . (researchgate.net)
Juxtaposing the results of this isotopic analysis with the present-day Egyptians' diet, cognate findings Fig. 11 Present-day kariesh cheese originated in ancient Egypt between 3200 and 332 BC. (researchgate.net)

Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen are incorporated into organisms at differing rates depending on their prey and trophic level. (kansascityzoo.org)

The use of stable isotope analyses in freshwater ecology: current awareness. (limnology-journal.org)
Published in the journal Biology 's special issue, Applications of Stable Isotope Analysis in Ecology, Dr. Jack Hopkins, President and Associate Professor of the Center for Wildlife Studies and colleagues describe a novel technique to prevent laundering one of Maine's imperiled species, the wood turtle. (eurekalert.org)

Here we present the results of stable carbon isotope ( δ 13 C) analysis on charred crop seeds from the Bronze Age site of Kaymakçı in western Anatolia. (springer.com)
Stable isotope analysis (N and C) of fossil cereal grains is regularly explored as a means of obtaining insights to past crop growing conditions and agricultural practices. (lu.se)

The terminology of isotopic reference materials is not applied consistently across subfields of isotope geochemistry or even between individual laboratories. (wikipedia.org)
Geochemistry is discussed through the analysis of the major, trace and rare earth elements (REEs), loss. (researchgate.net)

Bone collagen δ 15 N can also be used to analyse access to freshwater resources, as organisms in these ecosystems exhibit higher δ 15 N than those in terrestrial ecosystems (van Klinken et al. (springer.com)
Thus, making it possible to retrieve a permanent isotope signature based on origin of drinking water of organisms. (youngscientistjournal.org)

Stable isotope tracing of temporal and spatial variability in organic matter sources to freshwater ecosystems. (limnology-journal.org)
One particularly powerful approach is to employ multiple isotopes where the simultaneous assessment of the D/H, 18 O/ 16 O and/or 13 C/ 12 C in different compounds provide a unique means to investigate the coupling of water and carbon fluxes at various temporal and spatial scales. (ufz.de)

Without isotope references, measurements by mass spectrometry would be much less accurate and could not be used in comparisons across different analytical facilities. (wikipedia.org)
Isotope reference materials are generated, maintained, and sold by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the United States Geologic Survey (USGS), the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), and a variety of universities and scientific supply companies. (wikipedia.org)
Measurements of naturally occurring stable isotopes in animal tissues can be used to monitor the diets of wide-ranging species, such as polar bears, that cannot be directly observed. (kansascityzoo.org)

Araus JL, Febrero A, Buxó R et al (1997) Identification of ancient irrigation practices based on the carbon isotope discrimination of plant seeds: a case study from the south-east Iberian Peninsula. (springer.com)
This study investigates natural variation in C and N stable isotopes among plant species in two western Amazon flooded forests with contrasting watershed biogeochemistry (white-water várzea-forest and black-water igapó-forest). (scielo.br)

Freshwater fish exhibit variation in δ 13 C depending on the ecosystem as freshwater plants have numerous sources of carbon, unlike terrestrial plants (Zohary et al. (springer.com)

Additionally, the human samples have higher stable isotope differences, in comparison with faunal samples, than would be expected within the food web, particularly for δ 13 C. This human bone collagen δ 13 C enrichment may reflect a diet rich in aquatic protein intake, which is also supported by δ 34 S archived in human and faunal samples, and the presence of oysters and cockles shells at the excavation. (springer.com)
However, the collagen in bones and teeth needed to do these analyses is not easily conservable. (sciencedaily.com)

The key to the authors' approach lies in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, chemicals that exist in animal tissues, which vary depending on diet. (eurekalert.org)

This study is the first of its kind to analyse carbon, nitrogen and sulphur stable isotope data from skeletons of the eleventh-seventeenth centuries in Portugal. (springer.com)
This study inves-tigates the effectiveness of using stable isotope analysis, a method for testing the anatomical make-up of ancient samples, to address questions arising from the analysis of ancient artifacts and skeletons, and test the idea that climate change (i.e., a severe drought) contributed to significant changes in agricultural pro-duction and thus, food consumption and nutritional status among prehispanic peoples in the Andes. (youngscientistjournal.org)

Bronk Ramsey C (2009) Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. (springer.com)
Aside from radiocarbon dating and stable isotope analysis, Beta Analytic also promoted the geochemical fingerprinting services of its subsidiary, Isobar Science. (radiocarbon.com)

An international team of scientists has now applied a new method to investigate the diet of fossil humans: the analysis of stable zinc isotopes from tooth enamel. (sciencedaily.com)
New methods -- such as zinc isotope analysis of enamel -- can now overcome these limitations and allow us to investigate teeth from regions and periods we could not study before," says study leader Thomas Tütken, professor at the Johannes Gutenberg University's Institute of Geosciences. (sciencedaily.com)

This article aggregates the δ and R values of common and non-traditional stable isotope reference materials. (wikipedia.org)
When we compare the zinc isotope values from the fossil Homo sapiens of Tam Pà Ling to that of the animals, it strongly suggests that its diet contained both plants and animals. (sciencedaily.com)

Seasonal changes in the importance of the source of organic matter to the diet of zooplankton in Loch Ness, as indicated by stable isotope analysis. (limnology-journal.org)

Richards and Hedges 1999 ), especially when combined with carbon isotope data. (springer.com)
In addition, we use the web analysis tool Matomo, which tracks data anonymously. (ufz.de)
This omnivorous diet also differs from most nitrogen isotope data of humans in other regions of the world for that time period, where a meat-rich diet is almost consistently discerned. (sciencedaily.com)
It will be interesting, in the future, to compare our zinc isotope data with data from other prehistoric human species of Southeast Asia, like Homo erectus and Homo floresiensis , and see if we could understand better why they went extinct while our species survived," concludes first author Nicolas Bourgon, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (sciencedaily.com)

The predicted contribution of different carbon sources to the consumer biomass changed between models as a function of source variability. (scielo.br)
2 of biomass from inorganic carbon [2]. (lu.se)

In 2015, we worked with the USGS climate study team to obtain a core from White Pond suitable for precise dating and analysis of the lower YDB. (nature.com)
The purpose of the study was to assess brain activity before and after electrical stunning in crocodiles using a 5-channel referential electroencephalogram analysis to determine consciousness. (bvsalud.org)

Nitrogen isotope analysis, in particular, can help scientists learn if past humans were eating animals or plants. (sciencedaily.com)

2. Stable carbon isotopes were used in complementary laboratory and field studies to examine colonisation behaviour of an ephemeral agricultural habitat by the lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens Gurin-Mneville. (tamu.edu)
The University of Wyoming Stable Isotope Facility (SIF) is now the go-to laboratory to analyze soil samples from all across the country. (uwyo.edu)

By looking at the carbon isotopes of animals, it can even be determined whether an animal feeds in its own environment or comes into town and finds food in garbage cans. (uwyo.edu)

Energy difference between recoils from 13C and 12C in the In this context, stable carbon isotopes play a certain role in the interpretation of biological activity, particularly when the fossil record is angular interval 150-180 degrees is about 85 keV. (lu.se)

Water Analysis. (limnology-journal.org)
The lab also offers stable isotope analysis - δ13C and δ15N for non-cremated bones and other materials, δ18O for carbonates, as well as δ2H + δ18O and δ17O for water samples. (radiocarbon.com)
Stable isotope analysis is a powerful tool for tracing biogeochemical processes in the carbon and water cycles. (ufz.de)

Food Authenticity Analysis Book from C.H.I.P.S. (chipsbooks.com)
Food analysis by Py-MS. (chipsbooks.com)
Second, the annual inundation of the Nile River transports fresh layers of silt-rich fertile soil, which provides stable agriculture and supports cultivating various food crops and raising livestock. (researchgate.net)

Findings from this analysis suggested that ancient Egyptians followed a mostly vegetarian diet [8] . (researchgate.net)
We will explore the utility of using stable isotopes to understand changes in the distribution, diet, and migration patterns of polar bears in the Southern Beaufort Sea. (kansascityzoo.org)

Basically, Stable isotope analysis is based on the principle 'you are what you eat. (kansascityzoo.org)

UW's Stable Isotope Facility recently received an NSF contract to analyze soil samples for the entire NEON network across the United States. (uwyo.edu)
All soil samples are being sent to UW for carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. (uwyo.edu)
New technology introduced to the Canadian Center for Isotopic Microanalysis at the University of Alberta (Canadian Foundation for Innovation) allows fine-scale (1-30 microns) in situ sampling of isotopes within samples (i.e., hair and claws). (kansascityzoo.org)
Stable isotope analysis can be executed pre-completion on samples obtained from mud gas and/or gas desorbing from cuttings and core. (onepetro.org)
Embryonic movement was measured using an Egg Buddy® digital monitor on days 30, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 60, at which point embryos were euthanized and samples were collected for analysis. (bvsalud.org)

The inhaled NP were chain aggregates (and agglomerates) of either iridium or carbon, with primary particle sizes of 2-4 nm (Ir) and 5-10 nm (C) and aggregate sizes (mean mobility diameters) between 20 and 80 nm. (cdc.gov)

These results demonstrate the potential of natural gas stable isotope signatures as a useful and reliable fluid quality prediction tool. (onepetro.org)
Together, the zinc and carbon isotope results may suggest a mix of specialized adaptations to tropical rainforests seen from other Southeast Asian archaeological sites. (sciencedaily.com)

Este estudio investiga la variación natural en isótopos estables de C y N entre especies de plantas en dos bosques inundables de la Amazonía noroccidental con biogeoquímica de cuenca contrastantes (várzea-bosques de aguas blanca e igapó-bosques de aguas negras). (scielo.br)

Some applications of electrophoretic analysis. (chipsbooks.com)

Using the fine-scale ion microprobe we will be able to sample stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen along each hair and nail providing us with a timeline of feeding and movements. (kansascityzoo.org)

Reservoir storage reallocation analysis with PC. (limnology-journal.org)

Using stable isotopes from turtle claw tips, the authors produced a statistical model that can determine-with impressive accuracy-whether wood turtles are wild-caught or captive-bred. (eurekalert.org)

This project builds on existing expertise in isotope analyses at the University of Alberta. (kansascityzoo.org)

However, he adds the analysis can provide clues to the current health of an ecosystem, such as a forest or swamp. (uwyo.edu)
above about current and time needed for a useful analysis. (lu.se)

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