• A polyketide isolated from fungi that is a potent inhibitor of fungal and mammalian squalene synthase. (zfin.org)
  • A novel labelled squalene synthase inhibitor. (doveresearchlab.com)
  • We utilized a novel anti-cancer treatment model by the administration of NO-synthase inhibitor L-NAME (30 mg/kg in a day, intraperitoneal), injected every third day for five weeks (in parallel to tumors evolution) in opposition to high activity of NOS during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced breast tumor in rats in vivo. (sciencegate.app)
  • The compound WC-9, a squalene synthase inhibitor, showed potential inhibition of T. cruzi replication. (sciencegate.app)
  • The treatment included 200 µmol of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) alone and in combination with 200 µM SNP: NO donor, 0.1% Hb, bovine hemoglobin (NO scavenger), and 50 µM L-NAME, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NO synthase inhibitor) in four replications in comparison to controls. (sciencegate.app)
  • Squalene synthase inhibitor lapaquistat acetate: could anything be better than statins? (uchicago.edu)
  • Efforts towards the squalene synthase inhibitor (-)-L-731,120 and the viridiofungins, a family of serine palmitoyl transferase inhibitors that have activity inhibiting hepatitis C replication, are also featured. (edu.au)
  • RPR 107393, a potent squalene synthase inhibitor and orally effective cholesterol-lowering agent: comparison with inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase. (cmdm.tw)
  • Botryococcus squalene synthase (EC 1.3.1.96, SSL-2 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name squalene:NADP+ oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our targets are undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS), undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase (UPPP), farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), and octaprenyl/heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase (OPPS/HepPPS). (illinois.edu)
  • Botryococcus braunii is a green algae capable of producing botryococcene using squalene synthase-like (SSL) enzymes. (plu.edu)
  • ERG1 and ERG7 encode squalene epoxidase and lanosterol synthase, respectively, which are two important, unique and essential enzymes in the ergosterol synthesis pathway. (davidgessner.com)
  • The antifungal drugs most widely used to treated fungal infections are compounds that inhibit cytochrome P450-dependent C14α-demethylase (CYP51), but other enzymes of this pathway, such as squalene synthase (SQS) which catalyses the first committed step in sterol biosynthesis, could be viable targets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Another strategy in bioengineering is to block competing reactions such as the squalene synthase (SQS) and β-caryophyllene synthase, enzymes consuming FPP for sterol and β-caryophyllene biosynthesis. (somme2016.org)
  • This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction squalene + diphosphate + NADP+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } presqualene diphosphate + NADPH + H+ This enzyme is isolated from the green alga Botryococcus braunii BOT22. (wikipedia.org)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (noveoninc.com)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE) in samples from Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (noveoninc.com)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Squalene Epoxidase from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (noveoninc.com)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Human Squalene synthase in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (noveoninc.com)
  • The first committed enzyme in triterpene saponin biosynthesis from A. mongolicus , cycloartenol synthase (AmCAS), which belongs to the oxidosqualene cyclase family, was cloned by us to study the astragalosides biosynthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 and 2 (HMG-CoA synthase 1 and 2) The first enzyme in the lanosterol pathway catalyses the synthesis of the metabolite (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) from condensation and acyl group transfer of substrates acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA. (davidgessner.com)
  • Squalene synthase (SQS) is a key enzyme in sterol biosynthesis that catalyses an unusual head-to-head condensation of two molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate in a two-step reaction to produce squalene, which is the first committed step in sterol biosynthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In one area, we focus on developing anionic prenyl synthase inhibitors based on recently discovered phosphonate/bisphosphonate and carboxylate leads, developing the (pre-) prodrug approach used in many antivirals for use in antibacterials. (illinois.edu)
  • In a second area, we focus on developing cationic prenyl synthase inhibitors based on recently discovered inhibitors that target FPPS, UPPS and UPPP. (illinois.edu)
  • This thesis features an enatiospecfic synthesis of a key alkyl citrate retron that was leveraged in the total syntheses of squalene synthase inhibitors (-)-CJ-13,982, (-)-CJ-13,981 and (-)-L-731,120 (featured in Org. (edu.au)
  • Abstract High expression of nitric oxide (NO)-synthase has been found in different cancers like cervical, breast, and central nervous system. (sciencegate.app)
  • NO-synthase activity inhibition has been suggested as a possible tool to prevent breast cancer. (sciencegate.app)
  • Niemann Pick C1 Like1 protein (NPC1L1), ATP citrate lyase (ACL), C-reactive protein (CRP), lanosterol 14 α -demethylase (LDM), squalene synthase (SqS) and farnesiod X-receptor (FXR) known to be implicated in the physiology of hyperlipidemia. (springeropen.com)
  • Here, we explore the catalytic reaction pathways of both product-promiscuous and product-specific santalene synthases (i.e. (nature.com)
  • it is formed first by the epoxidation of the double bond of squalene that was originally derived from a DMAPP through farnesyl pyrophosphate, and then by the cyclization of squalene epoxide. (davidgessner.com)
  • Acyltransferase Domain Exchange between Two Independent Type I Polyketide Synthases in the Same Producer Strain of Macrolide Antibiotics. (go.jp)
  • Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Squalene monooxygenase (SQLE) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids. (noveoninc.com)
  • Fig. 1: The product-promiscuous and product-specific santalene synthases. (nature.com)
  • Moreover, we discovered and validated that the resistant cell lines could be selectively targeted by inhibiting squalene synthase, providing a new and promising strategy to directly inhibit cholesterol synthesis in AML drug resistant cells. (kent.ac.uk)
  • The formation of squalene is the key regulatory point in triterpene biosynthesis, catalyzed by squalene synthase (SQS). (springer.com)
  • Devarenne TP, Ghosh A, Chappell J (2002) Regulation of squalene synthase, a key enzyme of sterol biosynthesis, in tobacco. (springer.com)
  • Squalene synthase deficiency (SQSD) is a rare inborn error of cholesterol biosynthesis with multisystem clinical manifestations similar to Smith-Lemli-Optiz syndrome. (nih.gov)
  • To obtain the key genes for terpenoid saponins biosynthesis, a new squalene synthase gene was isolated by PCR from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba , named GbSS . (ijcrbp.com)
  • Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) is a branch-point intermediate in the mevalonate pathway that is normally converted mainly to squalene by squalene synthase in the first committed step of sterol biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
  • The encoded protein is the first specific enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, catalyzing the dimerization of two molecules of farnesyl diphosphate in a two-step reaction to form squalene. (nih.gov)
  • Transcription Factors ZjMYB39 and ZjMYB4 Regulate Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase- and Squalene Synthase-Mediated Triterpenoid Biosynthesis in Jujube. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition to boosting precursor supply, highly efficient terpene synthases represent a crucial "pulling" step for biosynthesis of target products with high yield. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Octaketide Synthase from Polygonum cuspidatum Implements Emodin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. (ucas.ac.cn)
  • Targeting cholesterol biosynthesis by conditional inactivation of Squalene Synthase (link zur SQS-Flox mouse) has proven a powerful tool to study the contribution of individual cell types on the nervous system cholesterol homeostasis. (mpg.de)
  • 19. Compensatory responses to inhibition of hepatic squalene synthase. (nih.gov)
  • Description: Compound was tested for inhibition of squalene synthase in rat liver. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • While bifid shunt enzymes failed to improve titers in high-producing strains, inhibition of squalene synthase (ERG9) results in a significant enhancement. (princeton.edu)
  • Terpenoid synthases are responsible for the cyclization and/or rearrangement of linear isoprenoid diphosphates into cyclic terpenoids [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The enzymatic cascades investigated included especially the squalene-hopene cascade, although the squalene-lanosterol-cholesterol pathway is probably better known to Homo sapiens. (fieldofscience.com)
  • Further metabolic engineering the yeast using known strategies including overexpression of tHMGR1 and repression of squalene synthesis pathway led to an 11-fold increase in germacrene A production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The pathway begins in the cytoplasm with acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, which interact with acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, coenzyme A and water to synthesize hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase. (smpdb.ca)
  • In this thesis, we firstly evaluated the potential of generating high levels of triterpene (C30) production in tobacco plants by diverting carbon flux from cytosolic MVA pathway or plastidic MEP pathway by overexpressing avian farnesyl diphosphate synthase along with triterpene synthase targeted to the cytoplasm or the chloroplast of cells. (uky.edu)
  • Flavodoxin/nitric oxide synthase [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The diagnosis of squalene synthase deficiency is established in a proband with characteristic urine metabolites on urine organic acids analysis or by the identification of biallelic pathogenic variants in FDFT1 by molecular genetic testing . (nih.gov)
  • We evaluated the performance of LTC2 ( Ls GAS) as well as nine other identified or putative germacrene A synthases from different sources for the production of germacrene A. Av GAS, a synthase of Anabaena variabilis , was found to be the most efficient in germacrene A production in yeast. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Devarenne TP, Shin DH, Back K, Yin S, Chappell J (1998) Molecular characterization of tobacco squalene synthase and regulation in response to fungal elicitor. (springer.com)
  • it catalyzes the synthesis of SQUALENE from farnesyl pyrophosphate via the intermediate PRESQUALENE PYROPHOSPHATE . (nih.gov)
  • Squalene Synthase catalyzes the first step committed to cholesterol synthesis. (mpg.de)
  • Chen A, Dale Poulter C, Kroon PA (1994) Isoprenyl diphosphate synthases: protein sequence comparisons, a phylogenetic tree, and predictions of secondary structure. (springer.com)
  • 9. Hepatic farnesyl diphosphate synthase expression is suppressed by polyunsaturated fatty acids. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Role for sterol regulatory element binding protein in the regulation of farnesyl diphosphate synthase and in the control of cellular levels of cholesterol and triglyceride: evidence from sterol regulation-defective cells. (nih.gov)
  • In turn, this synthase teams up with coenzyme A and a hydrogen ion in the endoplasmic reticulum to create 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)
  • The latter approach would also partially knockdown cholesterol biosynthetic genes (e. g. squalene synthase) or VLDLy assembly or oocyte lipoprotein receptor binding (e. g. (hum-molgen.org)
  • Treatment with the squalene synthase inhibitor squalestatin 1 (SQ1) causes accumulation of FPP, its dephosphorylated metabolite farnesol, and several oxidized farnesol-derived metabolites. (nih.gov)
  • A full-length SQS gene was isolated from B. monniera , characterized as B. monniera squalene synthase ( BmSQS ) (1242 bp) encoding 414 amino acids. (springer.com)
  • Cloning and sequence analysis of a squalene synthase gene from Ginkgo biloba Int.J.Curr.Res.Biosci.Plantbiol. (ijcrbp.com)
  • Up to 1,000 µg/g fresh weight of squalene and 544 µg/g fresh weight of botryococcene was achieved in our transgenic plants with this metabolism direct to the chloroplasts, which is about approximately 100-times greater than that accumulating in the plants engineered for cytosolic production. (uky.edu)
  • The microbial platform for germacrene A production was previously established in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the germacrene A synthase (LTC2) of Lactuca sativa . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The deduced protein sequence of GbSS has high homology with squalene synthase proteins from other plants, especially the gymnosperms. (ijcrbp.com)
  • Our study highlights the potential of applying bacterial sesquiterpene synthases with improved performance by mutagenesis engineering in producing germacrene A. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Formal clinical diagnostic criteria for squalene synthase deficiency (SQSD) have not been established. (nih.gov)
  • En of we dat nu willen of niet, Microsoft heeft altijd een grote vinger in de pap gehad als het om lettertypen op het web gaat, en battlebit hack download de dag is dat nog steeds zo. (totalpos.co.id)
  • Surprisingly, the field studies suggested that the growth and agronomic performance of the transgenic lines accumulating squalene were not compromised, while those accumulating high levels of botryococcene were only 72%-76% as tall, had about 59%-75% of the leaf area, and about 55%-75% of the biomass as wild type plants. (uky.edu)