Spore resistance. Medical search. Frequent questions

Spore suspensions are calibrated suspensions of bacterial spores appropriate for direct inoculation of products or preparing custom biological indicators for monitoring Steam, Ethylene Oxide (EtO), Dry Heat, Hydrogen Peroxide, Radiation and other industrial sterilization processes. (mesalabs.com)
That is, to destroy the most resistant types of microorganisms (i.e., bacterial spores), the user needs to employ exposure times and a concentration of germicide needed to achieve complete destruction. (cdc.gov)
Except for prions, bacterial spores possess the highest innate resistance to chemical germicides, followed by coccidia (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Destruction of most resistant bacterial spores with relatively brief exposure. (missouri.edu)
Because of the alarming and rising problems with antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens, there is an urgent need to rapidly develop new types of antibiotics and other anti-bacterial agents. (lu.se)

Molecules triggering germination of a (sub)population of spores of the model fungi used in this project. (tifn.nl)
Genome sequence and spore germination-associated transcriptome analysis will contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of pathogenicity and spore germination of C. cassiicola . (biomedcentral.com)
Second, a global view of the transcriptome of C. cassiicola spores during germination was evaluated using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). (biomedcentral.com)
These results facilitate the exploration of the molecular pathogenic mechanism of C. cassiicola in cucumbers and the understanding of molecular and cellular processes during spore germination. (biomedcentral.com)
By the sixth cycle of spore production and germination, the resistant mutants had increased their numbers 100-fold, to the detriment of the cheaters. (scienceblog.com)
CLR spreads through the germination of uredospore through germ pores in the spore. (jakesonline.org)
The spore coat is impermeable to many toxic molecules and may also contain enzymes that are involved in germination. (bionity.com)
Successful germination of airborne spores is favored by relatively long periods of wetness (16 to 72 hours) and moderate temperatures (68 to 77 F). These conditions produce the most rapid development of disease, and white mold infection severity is greatly reduced in very hot weather. (mofga.org)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the log reductions and thermal inactivation kinetics of spores of Bacillus subtilis bacteria and ascospores of Talaromyces flavus and Eupenicillium javanicum molds under influence of pH and sodium benzoate preservative. (hindawi.com)
Deuterated spores of Bacillus cereus were prepared using a multi-stage adaptation protocol and then preserved at -20, 4, 25 and 40°C, respectively, to investigate the genetic mutation effects of deuterium oxide (D 2 O) isotope. (academicjournals.org)
Reduced heat resistance of mutant spores after cloning and mutagenesis of the Bacillus subtilis gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 5. (ox.ac.uk)
Spaulding illustrated this relation when he employed identical test conditions and demonstrated that it took 30 minutes to kill 10 B. atrophaeus (formerly Bacillus subtilis ) spores but 3 hours to kill 100,000 Bacillus atrophaeus spores. (cdc.gov)

Entry of spores into intestinal epithelial cells contributes to recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection. (nih.gov)
Nasal Immunization with the C-Terminal Domain of Bcla3 Induced Specific IgG Production and Attenuated Disease Symptoms in Mice Infected with Clostridioides difficile Spores. (nih.gov)
It is not a panacea, though, since certain viruses lacking an outer coat (like the one that causes cruise ship diarrhea) or spore forming bacteria (like C.difficile) are not very susceptible. (utoronto.ca)
Clostridium difficile is a strict anaerobic spore-forming bacterium, and an increasingly common nosocomial pathogen. (bvsalud.org)
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for the registration of disinfectants, including products designed to treat environmental surfaces contaminated with spores of C. difficile. (bvsalud.org)
As such, a study was carried out to select a suitable C. difficile strain and to develop a stand-alone method to prepare a spore suspension that meets specific criteria necessary for quantitative testing of disinfectants. (bvsalud.org)
Several strains of C. difficile (toxigenic and nontoxigenic) were grown on various media (solid and liquid) for varying lengths of time to determine the best combination of incubation conditions and media to optimize spore production and quality. (bvsalud.org)
Once the spore production procedure was optimized, a toxigenic strain of C. difficile [American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 43598] was selected for use in trials to verify repeatability from one production run to the next. (bvsalud.org)
The spore suspension was initiated by spreading vegetative cells of C. difficile (ATCC 43598) on CDC anaerobic 5% sheep blood agar plates and incubating for 7-10 days at 36 +/- 1 degrees C under anaerobic conditions. (bvsalud.org)
A 6 log10 performance standard was set forth in the EPA's interim guidance for generating data to support a label claim for effectiveness against C. difficile spores on hard, nonporous surfaces. (bvsalud.org)
This precollaborative investigation successfully demonstrated the use of a methodology for in vitro production of C. difficile spores (ATCC 43598) necessary for conducting efficacy tests. (bvsalud.org)

Owing in part to the inability of phages to attach to spores, seed banks stabilized population dynamics and resulted in minimum host densities that were 30-fold higher compared to bacteria that were unable to engage in dormancy. (nature.com)
Mesa manufactures many species of non-pathogenic spore-forming bacteria. (mesalabs.com)
For example, spores are resistant to disinfectants because the spore coat and cortex act as a barrier, mycobacteria have a waxy cell wall that prevents disinfectant entry, and gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane that acts as a barrier to the uptake of disinfectants 341, 343-345 . (cdc.gov)
The germicidal resistance exhibited by the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is similar with some exceptions (e.g. (cdc.gov)
The non-lipid containing viruses and bacteria with a waxy coat occupy a midrange of resistance. (missouri.edu)
In contrast to eukaryotic spores , which are produced by many eukaryotes for reproductive purposes, bacteria will produce a single endospore internally. (bionity.com)
Spores are important for telling B. coagulans apart from other lactic acid bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
Anthrax bacteria can survive in the environment by forming spores. (who.int)

For instance, wheat stem rust produces airborne spores that can travel across continents. (org.in)
When soil remains cool and very wet, sclerotia also produce a mushroom-like fruiting body at the soil surface, called an apothecia (fig. 5), which releases thousands of airborne spores, called ascospores. (mofga.org)
Airborne spores require injured or dead tissue as a food source to initiate infection of healthy plant tissue. (mofga.org)
Importantly, an infected plant does not produce airborne spores that can infect other plants. (mofga.org)
The primary infection pathway is via direct infection from germinating sclerotia, and infection from airborne spores is secondary. (mofga.org)
In summers where wet and cool conditions persist or reappear, white mold apothecia may continue to emerge from sclerotia buried deeper in the soil that have been brought up higher in the soil profile through cultivation or tillage, starting another cycle of infection from airborne spores. (mofga.org)

Never give honey to infants under 1 year old, as honey may contain Clostridium botulinum spores to which infants have very little resistance. (foodreference.com)
Rectal temperature during the first 24 hours after injection of Clostridium novyi -NT spores in each dog of cohort 1 (A) and cohort 2 (B). Notice that the maximum rectal temperature during the first 24 hours was higher in cohort 1 than in cohort 2, but the temperature decreased with medical interventions in each dog of both cohorts. (avma.org)

Infection progression is monitored via a daily imaging setup to monitor fungal growth and immune responses as well as enumeration of live spores by colony forming unit plating. (jove.com)
This project is investigating heterogeneity in the resistance of fungal spores to preservation methods, providing new leads for milder intervention protocols. (tifn.nl)
Fungal food spoilage often starts with a contamination with spores. (tifn.nl)
1 These events create conditions that promote the growth and spread of fungal spores. (cdc.gov)
Other severe weather events, such as dust storms, tornadoes, and wildfires, cause environmental disruptions that can spread fungal spores into the air and potentially transport them to new locations. (cdc.gov)
The use of fungicides in the environment may be contributing to an increase in antifungal resistance , meaning more disease-causing fungi are not killed by the medications designed to treat fungal infections. (cdc.gov)
We'll be talking about antibiotic resistance and fungal infections. (cdc.gov)
I'm also a professor at the University of Manchester and do quite a lot of research on different aspects of fungal disease, particularly aspergillosis, including resistance and new diagnostic tests, and I'm also the leader and president of the Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections, which has as its main objective to improve the quality of care and therefore the outcome of patients with fungal diseases across the world. (cdc.gov)
The human airway is continuously open to the nonsterile environment where fungal spores have the potential to reach lung tissue and produce disease. (medscape.com)

No other reports were reported for this bacterium spores in high-acid foods. (hindawi.com)
Next the peptidoglycan cortex forms between the two layers and the bacterium adds a spore coat to the outside of the forespore. (bionity.com)

Aspergillus spores are microinjected into the hindbrain of larvae, and chemical treatment is used to induce immunosuppression. (jove.com)

The effects of the D 2 O isotope on cell growth and sporulation, and spore heat resistance, survival and spontaneous mutation rate of spores were examined. (academicjournals.org)
The improved heat resistance of the deuterated spores and the decreased sporulation rate were accompanied by an increase in the D 2 O concentration in the cultured medium. (academicjournals.org)
Dipicolinic acid could be responsible for the heat resistance of the spore, and calcium may aid in resistance to heat and oxidizing agents. (bionity.com)
However, mutants resistant to heat but lacking dipicolinic acid have been isolated, suggesting other mechanisms contributing to heat resistance are at work [1] . (bionity.com)

Post-Oct 4: CDC recommends doxycycline over ciprofloxacin--seen as less a problem with antibiotic resistance. (cdc.gov)

Spore forms are the most resistant. (missouri.edu)
or = 90% spores to vegetative cells) that met acid resistance criteria (spores were resistant to 2.5 M HCI for 10 min). (bvsalud.org)
There is no cross-reactivity with non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and TB and rifampicin resistance were correctly detected in the presence of non-tuberculous DNA or mixed susceptible and resistant strains. (bvsalud.org)

Shigellosis is a diarrheal infection caused by Shigella species-gram-negative, non-spore forming, facultative anaerobes that infect the intestinal lining-and spread by fecal-oral transmission. (medscape.com)
If these spores land on a plant under appropriate environmental conditions, they can infect the plant. (mofga.org)

Sporulation is a response to nutrient deprivation in which yeast exits mitotic cell cycle and enters into meiosis, leading to spore formation [1]. (atheistsforhumanrights.org)

Microorganisms vary greatly in their resistance to chemical germicides and sterilization processes (Figure 1) 342 Intrinsic resistance mechanisms in microorganisms to disinfectants vary. (cdc.gov)
The greatest hope for achieving durable resistance to rust diseases is to make wheat's resistance genetically complex, combining several genes and resistance mechanisms," Singh explained. (cimmyt.org)

While the genetic architecture of NCLB has been well characterized, the pathogen is known to overcome currently deployed resistance genes, and the role of hormones in resistance to NCLB is an area of active research. (frontiersin.org)
Spore production depended on the growth stage of the plants, their resistance, density of the canopy, and development of the pathogen. (usda.gov)
Fungus, which is primarily a pathogen, produce massive amounts of spores which can remain active in the soil for up to 40 years, they added. (org.in)

Spore suspensions are traceable to a recognized culture collection and certified for population, D-value (Steam, EtO, Dry Heat, and Gamma Radiation), and z-value (Steam and Dry Heat). (mesalabs.com)
however, there is a lack of methodology for generating high-quality spore suspensions for evaluating product performance. (bvsalud.org)

Each of these epidemic types consists of 6 periodical stages in the disease cycle: 1) accumulation of inoculum in the source, 2) emission of inoculum into the air, 3) transportation of spores by airflow, 4) settling of spores on crops, 5) infection at settling site, and 6) development of the disease on the crops. (usda.gov)
Their slow growth and increasing resistance to antimicrobials, in addition to the polymicrobial nature of the infection, complicate treatment. (medscape.com)

Such cropping patterns have enabled the fungus to quickly evolve and develop resistance to the fungicides. (org.in)
Introducing plant diversity and seed mixtures with multiple resistance against pathogens can reduce fungus evolution, the scientists suggested. (org.in)

Both qualitative resistance, conferred by a single gene, and quantitative resistance, conferred by multiple genes, have been characterized in maize. (frontiersin.org)
The spore suspension was used to inoculate brushed stainless steel carriers (1 cm in diameter) with and without a soil load in accordance with the Standard Quantitative Carrier Disk Test Method (ASTM E-2197-02) to determine carrier load. (bvsalud.org)

BioFit Probiotic is protected using a smart spore which ensures to keep the probiotics alive and can prolong the storage of the supplement. (riverfronttimes.com)

The cortex lies beneath the spore coat and consists of peptidoglycan. (bionity.com)

The spore is often surrounded by a thin covering known as the exosporium , which overlies the spore coat . (bionity.com)

An integrated NCLB management program includes host resistance, fungicides, and cultural methods. (frontiersin.org)

Shigellosis is a major public health problem in both developed and underdeveloped countries, especially with increasing resistance to first- and second-line antimicrobial agents. (medscape.com)
Sarah Gregory] Antimicrobial resistance has become, as we all know, a huge problem in recent years. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, many emerging opportunistic molds demonstrate in vitro resistance to the older azoles and amphotericin B. As a result, successful treatment may require adjunct surgical debridement and, when possible, reconstitution of the host immune system. (medscape.com)

Pre-Oct. 4: "About 8,000 to 10,000 spores are typically required to cause pulmonary anthrax. (cdc.gov)
It should be presumed that even one spore can initiate inhalation anthrax. (cdc.gov)
Pre-Oct 4: After exposure to anthrax spores, ciprofloxacin is recommended by experts as the antibiotic of choice. (cdc.gov)

We used a genome wide association study (GWAS) and stepwise regression to identify four markers associated with resistance, followed by a pathway association study tool (PAST) to identify important metabolic pathways associated with disease severity and incubation period. (frontiersin.org)

We screened 252 lines from the exotic-derived double haploid BGEM maize population for resistance to NCLB in both field and greenhouse environments. (frontiersin.org)
In response to nitrogen starvation in the presence of a poor carbon source, diploid cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo meiosis and package the haploid nuclei produced in meiosis into spores. (atheistsforhumanrights.org)
In the absence of nitrogen and the presence of a non-fermentable carbon source, diploid cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo meiosis and the resulting haploid nuclei are packaged into spores [1]. (atheistsforhumanrights.org)

In the paper titled "Cheater-resistance is not futile" ("Star Trek" fans take note), they found Dictyostelium discoideum, amoebas that thrive on rotting vegetation in forest soil, mutate to keep "cheaters" at bay, forcing them out of the reproductive chain. (scienceblog.com)

Mechanism(s) underlying spore heterogeneity with respect to stress resistance. (tifn.nl)

Spores are quiescent cells that display resistance to a variety of environmental insults. (atheistsforhumanrights.org)
The role of the genetic background, environmental conditions, and the developmental state of the mycelium and spores will be studied. (tifn.nl)
Study the impact of environmental growth conditions by isolating spores from colonies grown at different substrates either or not in the presence of sub-lethal stress conditions. (tifn.nl)
Description of the impact of environmental growth conditions on variability in stress resistance between strains of the model fungi used in this project. (tifn.nl)

Study the impact of the developmental stage of the colony and the conidia by isolating spores of different age from different zones of colonies. (tifn.nl)

The smart spore encloses the probiotics in a shell-like structure which gives it full resistance against harsh temperatures or stomach acid. (riverfronttimes.com)
or = 90% spores to vegetative cells, and (3) resistance of spores (determined by viability) to 2.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl). (bvsalud.org)
Although both lactobacillus and B. coagulans produce a compound called lactic acid, unlike lactobacillus, B. coagulans forms spores. (medlineplus.gov)
Policy statement: automated real-time nucleic acid amplification technology for rapid and simultaneous detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF system. (bvsalud.org)

Spores of that strain and variants have spread rapidly and are threatening or overcoming the genetic resistance of many currently sown wheat varieties. (cimmyt.org)
Because disease organisms mutate quickly to overcome crop resistance controlled by single genes, researchers are rushing to identify new resistance genes and to incorporate multiple genes into high-yielding varieties, according to Ravi Singh, CIMMYT wheat scientist who participated in the reported study. (cimmyt.org)

Although, the survival rate of spores reduced along with the extension of the preservation time, in contrast to spores cultured by H 2 O medium, the deuterated spores had higher survival rate at -20 and 40°C at storage, respectively. (academicjournals.org)
or = 90% of the cells converted to spores as determined by observation using phase-contrast microscopy. (bvsalud.org)

Apothecia are most likely to be formed after the plant canopy closes, creating humid conditions that favor spore survival. (mofga.org)

The spores were suspended in guava juice, processed at 90-100°C for B. subtilis and at 80-90°C for T. flavus and E. javanicum , and decimal reduction ( ) values were estimated from the log survivor curves. (hindawi.com)

Micro injection of spores into larval zebrafish is a difficult technique that requires considerable practice before consistent and reproducible results can be achieved. (jove.com)
This organism is certified with a 121°C steam D-value determined on spores suspended in water for injection (WFi), in glass ampoules. (mesalabs.com)
In cohort 2, 2 dogs that developed abscesses developed fevers on the fifth day after injection of spores. (avma.org)

P. aeruginosa which shows greater resistance to some disinfectants) 369, 415, 416 . (cdc.gov)
A known exception to this supposition is Coxiella burnetti , which has demonstrated resistance to disinfectants 419 . (cdc.gov)

New sources of resistance to gummy stem blight in watermelon. (ncsu.edu)
for resistance to gummy stem blight. (ncsu.edu)
Screening the watermelon germplasm collection for resistance to gummy stem blight. (ncsu.edu)
Mass production of gummy stem blight spores for resistance screening. (ncsu.edu)

Host resistance is an important management technique as it does not increase the cost of production and does not harm the environment ( Galiano-Carneiro and Miedaner, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)

Dr. Denning] Antibacterial resistance is caused by many different things, but one of them, for example, is using antibacterials in food for animals to improve the growth of animals, which is clearly unhelpful if they're antimicrobials that lead to resistance of human pathogens. (cdc.gov)

With extensive support from the Abramson Cancer Center (ACC) and the Tara Miller Melanoma Research Center, the team developed new expertise and resources, including a tissue specimen core with more than 11,000 banked specimens, that helped secure the new SPORE grant. (upenn.edu)
Ravi K. Amaravadi, MD, an associate professor of Hematology-Oncology in Penn's Perelman School of Medicine and the co-leader of the Cancer Therapeutics Program in the ACC, and Meenhard Herlyn, DVM, DSc , director of Wistar's Melanoma Research Center and professor in the Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program in Wistar's Cancer Center, will serve as the co-directors of the SPORE. (upenn.edu)

Plant breeders need sources of resistance that can be incorporated into adapted breeding lines to help control the disease. (ncsu.edu)
In order to find sources of resistance to this disease, forty mango cultivars were screened under natural epiphytotic conditions in horticulture research centre at Pantnagar for the last two years (viz. (scialert.net)

By improving living conditions in rural areas, NGOs and some governments also hope to limit emigration towards the cities (see SPORE No. 2). (nzdl.org)
When the conditions are right, the spores will enter the leaves through the stoma of the plant. (jakesonline.org)
Extreme weather conditions such as storms or tornados can spread the spores in wider geographic ranges, they stated. (org.in)

Experimental data strongly indicate the existence of subpopulations of spores with different levels of resistance to preservation methods. (tifn.nl)

We also confirm the role of ethylene in resistance to NCLB and contribute to the growing body of literature on ethylene and disease resistance in monocots. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, the efforts were made to identify sources of stable and multiple disease resistance. (scialert.net)

Working in cell lines, mouse models of breast cancer and checking their work in human tumor samples, Yu and colleagues identified SRC, a known cancer-promoting protein, as the crucial common downstream component of multiple resistance pathways. (mdanderson.org)

This disease is spread by spores from lesions on the underside of leaves by wind and rain. (jakesonline.org)

The rest of the amoebas pile on, combining to produce spores that sit precariously atop the stalk until wind, insects or other outside forces can carry them to a better place. (scienceblog.com)

What are plant spores? (atheistsforhumanrights.org)
Spores are microscopic propagative bodies, with a single nucleus, whose primary function is plant dispersal and reproduction. (atheistsforhumanrights.org)

Rickettsiae , Chlamydiae , and mycoplasma cannot be placed in this scale of relative resistance because information about the efficacy of germicides against these agents is limited 418 . (cdc.gov)

If PTEN loss leads to Herceptin resistance, and PTEN targets SRC, would that make SRC the culprit? (mdanderson.org)

In the absence of any efficient protection measure, breeding for resistance has become the mainstay to combat the anthracnose menace. (scialert.net)

Description of the impact of the genetic background on variability in stress resistance between strains of the model fungi used in this project. (tifn.nl)

Xpert MTB/RIF detects M. tuberculosis as well as rifampicin resistance-conferring mutations directly from sputum, in an assay providing results within two hours. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy5

Organisms15

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs16

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes41

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science3

Health Care4

Bacterial5

Germination8

Bacillus4

Difficile11

Bacteria8

Airborne spores6

Clostridium2

Fungal9

Bacterium2

Aspergillus1

Heat Resistance4

Antibiotic resistance1

Resistant3

Infect2

Sporulation1

Mechanisms2

Pathogen3

Suspensions2

Infection2

Fungus2

Quantitative2

Probiotic1

Cortex1

Coat1

Fungicides1

Antimicrobial2

Molds1

Anthrax3

Genome1

Haploid3

Soil1

Mechanism1

Environmental4

Colony1

Acid4

Wheat2

Contrast2

Survival1

Subtilis1

Injection3

Disinfectants2

Stem4

20171

Antimicrobials1

Cancer Center2

Sources of resistance2

Conditions3

Preservation1

Disease resistance2

Multiple resistance1

Spread1

Produce1

Plant2

Efficacy1

Targets1

Absence1

Fungi1

Results1