SpineCervical VertebraeLumbar VertebraeSpinal DiseasesSpinal InjuriesThoracic VertebraeDendritesSpinal FusionSpinal FracturesTreatment OutcomeSpinal NeoplasmsOrthopedic ProceduresBone DensitySynapsesRetrospective StudiesSurgical Procedures, Minimally InvasivePostoperative ComplicationsTime FactorsNeurosurgical ProceduresHippocampusSurgical Procedures, OperativeIntervertebral DiscSpinal Cord CompressionIntervertebral Disc DisplacementScoliosisTomography, X-Ray ComputedKyphosisDecompression, SurgicalLaminectomyFollow-Up StudiesSpinal CurvaturesZygapophyseal JointNeuronal PlasticityBone ScrewsLumbosacral RegionFluoroscopySpinal CanalMagnetic Resonance ImagingVascular Surgical ProceduresSpinal StenosisAbsorptiometry, PhotonReproducibility of ResultsMethodsDiskectomyRange of Motion, ArticularOrthopedic Fixation DevicesLordosisPyramidal CellsProspective StudiesNeuronsReconstructive Surgical ProceduresTuberculosis, SpinalRadiographySpinal OsteophytosisSpondylolisthesisSacrumReoperationOsteoporosisSilver StainingCadaverBack PainDislocationsAmbulatory Surgical ProceduresCardiac Surgical ProceduresFemur NeckSpondylitisProstheses and ImplantsTractionSensitivity and SpecificityRadiography, InterventionalIntervertebral Disc DegenerationSpondylosisHipRadiculopathyMyelographyUrologic Surgical ProceduresEquipment DesignAxisLow Back PainIliumOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalWeight-BearingSurgery, Computer-AssistedEndovascular ProceduresFontan ProcedurePain MeasurementAlgorithmsFractures, BoneSurgical Procedures, ElectiveIntraoperative ComplicationsModels, AnatomicNeck InjuriesJoint InstabilityAtlanto-Axial JointAnalysis of VarianceCardiovascular Surgical ProceduresRisk FactorsDiscitisLaparoscopyImaging, Three-Dimensional