• In Hexapoda and crustaceans, neurogenesis involves the neuroblast, a type of neural stem cell. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In Euchelicerata and Myriapoda, neurogenesis lacks neural stem cells, featuring instead direct immigration of neural cell groups from fixed sites in the neuroectoderm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In Hexapoda and at least some crustaceans (malacostracans and branchiopods), neurogenesis is coupled to a type of neural stem cell (NSC), the neuroblast (NB) [ 24 - 37 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results demonstrate distinct patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i change in cortical precursor cells and raise the possibility that these dynamics may contribute to the regulation of neurogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
  • Glial cell production increases as neurogenesis declines, peaking during the early postnatal period ( Bayer and Altman, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • The cells that lie along the midline of the Drosophila CNS provide a useful system for the comprehensive study of neurogenesis and gliogenesis. (biologists.com)
  • Previous work in the embryonic rodent brain suggested that the preferential inheritance of the pre-existing (older) centrosome to the self-renewed progenitor cell is required to maintain stem cell properties, ensuring proper neurogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • Thus, the data described here use a novel genetic approach to birthdate centrosomes in human cells and identify asymmetric inheritance of centrosomes as a mechanism to maintain self-renewal properties and to ensure proper neurogenesis in human NPCs. (elifesciences.org)
  • This effect is caused by the orientation of the mitotic spindle, which is located in either the posterior or anterior area of the mitotic cell, rather than the center where it is found during symmetric division. (wikipedia.org)
  • The latter grow in size, show high mitotic activity and an asymmetrical division mode. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is predicted that MCPH gene mutations may lead to the disease phenotype due to a disturbed mitotic spindle orientation, premature chromosomal condensation, signalling response as a result of damaged DNA, microtubule dynamics, transcriptional control or a few other hidden centrosomal mechanisms that can regulate the number of neurons produced by neuronal precursor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Being a more fate restricted cell the radial glial cell will either generate postmitotic neurons, intermediate progenitor cells, or astrocytes in gliogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that these events occurred primarily in precursor cells rather than in postmitotic neurons. (jneurosci.org)
  • During neuroepithelial cell division, interkinetic nuclear migration allows the cells to divide unrestricted while maintaining a dense packing. (wikipedia.org)
  • During this time, precursor cells undergo interkinetic nuclear migration ( Seymour and Berry, 1975 ) in which cells in the DNA synthetic S phase have their nuclei in the upper third of the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
  • After mitosis, daughter cells can either remain proliferative and re-enter the cell cycle or become terminally postmitotic and migrate out of the VZ ( McConnell, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Activation domains influence the way proteins interact with the trancription apparatus of the cell (Dawson, 1995). (sdbonline.org)
  • Notch signaling also promoted midline glial and median neuroblast cell fate. (biologists.com)
  • By contrast,the other daughter cell asymmetrically acquired Numb, which inhibited Notch signaling, leading to a different fate choice. (biologists.com)
  • Many cell fate decisions in higher animals are based on intercellular communication governed by the Notch signaling pathway. (sdbonline.org)
  • During G1 the cell nucleus migrates to the basal side of the cell and remains there for S phase and migrates to the apical side for G2 phase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another tight junction protein, PARD3, remains at the apical side of the cell co-localizing with N-cadherin and keeps the apical face of the neuroepithelial cell intact. (wikipedia.org)
  • and iv) restriction of tangentially oriented cell proliferation to the apical cell layer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, in the second phase, the formation of a central invagination in each hemi-neuromere is accompanied by the differentiation of apical neural stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During human forebrain development, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the ventricular zone (VZ) undergo asymmetric cell divisions to produce a self-renewed progenitor cell, maintaining the potential to go through additional rounds of cell divisions, and differentiating daughter cells, populating the developing cortex. (elifesciences.org)
  • During human brain development, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) undergo two modes of cell division. (elifesciences.org)
  • Using an intact cortical mantle and confocal laser microscopy, we examined the spatiotemporal patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i fluctuations in neocortical ventricular zone (VZ) cells in situ . (jneurosci.org)
  • Unlike the other E(spl)-C genes, the gene is expressed within neuronal cells in the embryo. (sdbonline.org)
  • Nfix may suppress oligodendrocyte expression so cells remain committed to neuron development within the dentate gyrus. (wikipedia.org)
  • In embryonic cells, Nfix has been shown to regulate intermediate progenitor cell (IPC) generation by promoting the transcription of the protein inscuteable (INSC). (wikipedia.org)
  • Intermediate progenitor cells can divide to produce neuroblasts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Directly basal to the neural stem cells, an additional type of intermediate neural precursor is found. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These questions are mainly addressed through the study of a population of embryonic cells with remarkable properties, the neural crest. (inmg.fr)
  • Although spontaneous changes of [Ca 2+ ] i have been examined in immature cortical neurons, the calcium dynamics of cortical precursor cells have received less attention. (jneurosci.org)
  • The morphological characteristics of these cells and immunohistochemical staining suggested that the coordinated events occurred in gap junction-coupled precursor cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • Both intrinsic and extrinsic signals are likely to influence the proliferative potential and eventual fates of precursor cells within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
  • Asymmetric MP daughter cell fates also depend on Notch signaling. (biologists.com)
  • Asymmetric divisions result in two daughter cells with different fates and cellular behaviour: one daughter remains in the VZ and retains the ability to self-renew, comparable to the mother cell. (elifesciences.org)
  • Modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) may be part of the signaling pathway by which both local environmental factors and cell autonomous developmental programs influence corticogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
  • The findings will be of interest to developmental neurobiologists, but also more broadly to cell and developmental biologists. (elifesciences.org)
  • In each hemi-segment, a set of neuroblasts produces neural cells by repeated asymmetrical and interiorly directed divisions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With the currently available data, a common origin of pycnogonid neural stem cells and tetraconate neuroblasts remains unresolved. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MCPH is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern in which both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The asymmetric cell division results in two different varieties of daughter cells (i.e. a neuroepithelial cell divides into a radial glial cell and another neuroepithelial cell), while the symmetric version yields identical daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • When cells pass from S to G 2 , the nuclei migrate toward the VZ surface where mitosis occurs. (jneurosci.org)
  • Signals that allow axons to locate themselves in space, called topographic or guidance signals, are also used by cells that migrate to build nerve structures. (inmg.fr)
  • A marked increase of ganglion cell numbers follows their differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression patterns suggest that both genes are under the same regulatory control as are the E(spl) bHLH genes and thus, might play a part in Notch mediated cell differentiation. (sdbonline.org)
  • Cellular morphology, time-lapse imaging, and nuclear staining demonstrated that this activity occurred in mitotically active cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • here, we use a combination of single-cell gene expression mapping and time-lapse imaging to identify individual MPs, their locations, movements and stereotyped patterns of division. (biologists.com)
  • These are multipotent cells endowed with high migratory potential, that contribute to many tissues in the body. (inmg.fr)
  • Expression of Tis21, an antiproliferative gene, causes the neuroepithelial cell to make the switch from proliferative division to neuronic division. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further proliferation of the cells in these regions gives rise to three distinct areas of the brain: the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. (wikipedia.org)
  • To model and thus be able to study thse childhood malignancies in an embryonic context, we have developed a paradigm of human tumor cell transplantation within selected tissues of the avian embryo. (inmg.fr)
  • The Drosophila CNS midline cells are an excellent system for studying these issues because they consist of a small population of diverse cells with well-defined gene expression profiles. (biologists.com)
  • Accordingly, neural stem cells were hitherto assumed to be an evolutionary novelty of the Tetraconata (Hexapoda + crustaceans). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using a novel, recombination-induced tag exchange-based genetic tool to birthdate and track the segregation of centrosomes over multiple cell divisions in human embryonic stem cell-derived regionalised forebrain organoids, we show the preferential inheritance of the older mother centrosome towards self-renewed NPCs. (elifesciences.org)
  • One member of each pair of MP3-6 daughter cells was responsive to Notch signaling. (biologists.com)
  • In summary, this paper describes the formation and division of MPs and multiple roles for Notch signaling in midline cell development, providing a foundation for comprehensive molecular analyses. (biologists.com)
  • This allows for the spread of electrical and chemical signals to cells within a defined radial compartment within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
  • Our team studies different contexts of pathology and also seeks to understand whether malignant cells use the topographic signals of embryogenesis in an opportunistic way, to disseminate and establish distant metastases. (inmg.fr)
  • Various childhood pathologies result in alterations in cell and axon navigation. (inmg.fr)
  • Bringing each axon and each cell to its destination is a real challenge and it is these processes that our team is studying. (inmg.fr)
  • The project aims at characterizing shared and unshared behaviors of malignant cells with their cells of origin labeled by specific fluorescent reporters, focusing on migratory processes. (inmg.fr)
  • Our approaches combine experimental embryology and functional studies of genes of interest in our avian models, 3D light sheet microscopy to cartography cells and molecules at the whole embryo level, videomicroscopy, and large-scale transcriptomic analyses. (inmg.fr)
  • The objectives are to compare cell behaviors using imaging techniques and transcriptomic analyses to identify signaling pathways governing the pathfinding strategies of malignant cells during their dissemination. (inmg.fr)
  • Since GFP is easily visualized under fluorescence microscopy, this adenovirus can also be used to determine the transduction efficiency and to optimize viral infection condition in a specific cell type. (vectorbiolabs.com)
  • Childhood malignancies of the nervous system: exploring the dissemination of tumoral cells in light of the mechanisms of the embryonic development. (inmg.fr)
  • Our lab studies the interplays between cells and their environment during the formation of the nervous system. (inmg.fr)
  • In the absence of occludin some polarity is still lost and the neuroepithelial cell gives rise to the radial glial cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Can axons and cells get lost along the way or take wrong destination? (inmg.fr)
  • A third and infrequently encountered pattern of activity consisted of coordinated spontaneous increases in [Ca 2+ ] i in groups of neighboring VZ cells. (jneurosci.org)