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CaspasesSensitivity and SpecificitySubstrate SpecificityCaspase InhibitorsApoptosisCaspase 6Caspase 3Caspase 7Amino Acid Chloromethyl KetonesCysteine Proteinase InhibitorsCaspase 9Caspases, EffectorCaspase 8Molecular Sequence DataCaspase 2Antibody SpecificityEnzyme ActivationCaspases, InitiatorAmino Acid SequenceX-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis ProteinCysteine EndopeptidasesCytochrome c GroupDNA FragmentationProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Inhibitor of Apoptosis ProteinsCaspase 1MitochondriaAntigens, CD95Species SpecificityApoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 1Binding SitesJurkat CellsPoly(ADP-ribose) PolymerasesCytochromes cCell LineOligopeptidesBase SequenceRecombinant ProteinsKineticsCell DeathProtein BindingModels, MolecularSignal TransductionCaspase 10bcl-2-Associated X ProteinBH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist ProteinProtein Structure, TertiarySequence Homology, Amino AcidCarrier ProteinsTumor Cells, CulturedEnzyme InhibitorsProteinsCell Line, TumorApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsMutationEnzyme PrecursorsCells, CulturedHeLa Cellsbcl-X ProteinBlotting, WesternCell SurvivalROC CurveSequence AlignmentCalpainStaurosporinePredictive Value of TestsApoptosomesSerpinsIn Situ Nick-End LabelingApoptosis Inducing FactorRecombinant Fusion ProteinsHydrolysisFas-Associated Death Domain ProteinReproducibility of ResultsFas Ligand ProteinTransfectionHL-60 CellsStructure-Activity RelationshipTime FactorsEscherichia coliPeptidesOrgan SpecificityEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayCaspase 12Mutagenesis, Site-DirectedAnnexin A5DNACloning, MolecularModels, BiologicalProtein ConformationNecrosisCrystallography, X-RayDNA PrimersTNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandAntibodies, MonoclonalCatalytic DomainEpitopesPolymerase Chain ReactionSerine EndopeptidasesMembrane Potential, Mitochondrial
Substrate specificityEnzymeProteinsInhibitorSubstratesProteinInitiatorApoptotic caspasesProteasesInhibitsAssaysEffectorAssay KitNeuronal ApoptosisMonoclonal AntibodyInhibitorsInhibitionInflammatorySubunitHydrophobic residuesProteolytic cleavageActivatesSequentialApoptosis and cellInflammationRegulationActivityAminoImmunogenDeterminationCleavage fragmentActivationReagentFragmentsTissueBindDetectionProductsDescriptorConcentrationFamily
Substrate specificity3
Enzyme7
  • Caspase-8 is an initiator enzyme in the Fas-mediated pathway of which the downstream executioner caspase-3 is a physiological target. (rcsb.org)
  • In insect cells, P35 inhibits an enzyme called Sf caspase-1, which was identified as a structural and functional ortholog of human CASP3 (CPP32) and CASP7 (MCH3). (wikipedia.org)
  • Activation of this enzyme can occur via the interaction of its caspase recruitment domain with CARD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS. (umassmed.edu)
  • After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Caspase Activated DNase (CAD), biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. (dnagrade.com)
  • Caspase-3-generated cytokeratin-18 fragments were measured in situ via immunohistochemistry and in vivo using a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (nih.gov)
  • Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes which undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme. (thermofisher.com)
  • Caspases are activated by proteolytic cleavage of a precursor form to yield large and small subunits that form the enzyme. (bvsalud.org)
Proteins11
  • However, unlike other caspase substrate proteins, the fragments of P35 do not dissociate from the caspase after cleavage. (wikipedia.org)
  • Caspases mediate their effects through aspartate-specific cleavage of their target proteins, and at present almost 400 caspase substrates are known. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are several methods developed to predict caspase cleavage sites from individual proteins, but currently none of them can be used to predict caspase cleavage sites from multiple proteins or entire proteomes, or to use several classifiers in combination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A database was constructed with the developed tool, and it was used to identify caspase target proteins from tandem mass spectrometry data from two different proteomic experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have developed Pripper, a tool for reading an arbitrary number of proteins in FASTA format, predicting their caspase cleavage sites and outputting the cleaved sequences to a new FASTA format sequence file. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We show that Pripper is a valuable tool in identifying novel caspase target proteins from modern proteomics experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Caspases mediate their effects through aspartate-specific cleavage of their target proteins, and several hundreds of caspase target proteins have been identified [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Studies of amino acids in the motif have revealed that the motif is only moderately conserved between target proteins of different caspases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The prediction of caspase cleavage sites from proteins is not a trivial task due to the heterogeneity of target sequences, and several different tools have been developed to predict caspase cleavage sites from individual proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clan CD includes proteins with a caspase-like fold. (embl.de)
  • Caspase-3 proteolytically cleaves and activates other proteins such as caspases 6, 7 and 9. (crossfirebeilstein.com)
Inhibitor6
  • We report the X-ray crystallographic structure of caspase-8 in complex with benzyloxycarbonyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-aldehyde (Z-DEVD), a specific group II caspase inhibitor. (rcsb.org)
  • Kinetic data reveal that Z-DEVD (K(i) 2 nM) is an almost equally potent inhibitor of caspase-8 as the specific group III inhibitor Boc-IETD-aldehyde (K(i) 1 nM). (rcsb.org)
  • P35 has been shown to be a caspase inhibitor with a very wide spectrum of activity both in regard to inhibited caspase types and to species in which the mechanism is conserved. (wikipedia.org)
  • The P35 protein inhibits apoptosis by acting as a competitive, irreversible inhibitor of caspases. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a specificity control, the inhibitor LEHD-FMK for caspase-9 was added to the reactions along with relevant substrate (d). (cdc.gov)
  • Caspase Inhibitor leads the Liver Failure pipeline drugs market in terms of MoA. (globaldata.com)
Substrates4
  • Caspases are cysteine proteases that are specific for substrates with an aspartic acid residue at the P(1) position and have an optimal recognition motif that incorporates four amino acid residues N-terminal to the cleavage site. (rcsb.org)
  • Caspase substrates in cell death and remodeling. (ualberta.ca)
  • Evaluation of the effects of phosphorylation of synthetic peptide substrates on their cleavage by caspase-3 and -7. (salvesenlab.org)
  • The apoptotic subfamily can be further divided into initiator caspases, which are activated in response to death signals, and executioner caspases, which are activated by the initiator caspases and are responsible for cleavage of cellular substrates that ultimately lead to cell death. (crossfirebeilstein.com)
Protein11
  • While the formation of a thioester intermediate between the aspartate of the substrate's recognition site and the cysteine of the caspase's active site is a normal event in caspase-mediated protein cleavage, the resulting bond is normally quickly hydrolysed so that the cleaved products can detach. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies using purified human caspases in vitro found that the protein is able to also inhibit several of these, including CASP1, CASP3, CASP6, CASP7, CASP8, and CASP10. (wikipedia.org)
  • Quantitative MS-based enzymology of caspases reveals distinct protein substrate specificities, hierarchies, and cellular roles. (ualberta.ca)
  • Three different pattern recognition classifiers were developed for predicting caspase cleavage sites from protein sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pripper is not restricted to predicting only caspase cut sites, but it gives the possibility to scan protein sequences for any given motif(s) and predict cut sites once a suitable cut site prediction model for any other protease has been developed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some of the targets of the Liver Failure pipeline drugs market are Caspase, Dual Specificity Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 4, Toll Like Receptor 4, Tumor Necrosis Factor, and Androgen Receptor among others. (globaldata.com)
  • Full-length recombinant human caspase-3 protein was used as immunogen. (thermofisher.com)
  • This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. (thermofisher.com)
  • This protein cleaves and activates caspases 6, 7 and 9, and the protein itself is processed by caspases 8, 9 and 10. (thermofisher.com)
  • It is the predominant caspase involved in the cleavage of amyloid-beta 4A precursor protein, which is associated with neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. (thermofisher.com)
  • Extended subsite profiling of the pyroptosis effector protein gasdermin D reveals a region recognized by inflammatory caspase-11. (salvesenlab.org)
Initiator1
  • Kamber Kaya HE, Ditzel M, Meier P, Bergmann A. An inhibitory mono-ubiquitylation of the Drosophila initiator caspase Dronc functions in both apoptotic and non-apoptotic pathways. (umassmed.edu)
Apoptotic caspases2
  • Altogether 15 different caspases have been identified in mammals, and they are grouped into two major subfamilies, inflammatory and apoptotic caspases [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unlike the apoptotic caspases, members of the inflammatory subfamily are generally not involved in cell death but are associated with the immune response to microbial pathogens. (crossfirebeilstein.com)
Proteases2
Inhibits1
  • Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1). (joplink.net)
Assays1
  • Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Caspase Activated DNase (CAD) were tested on 3 different plates, 8 replicates in each plate. (dnagrade.com)
Effector1
Assay Kit3
  • The SensoLyte® Homogeneous AFC Capase-3/7 Assay Kit uses Ac-DEVD-AFC as the fluorogenic indicator for assaying caspase-3/7 activities. (eurogentec.com)
  • Caspase Assay Laboratories manufactures the caspase-3 assay kit reagents distributed by Genprice. (chiptested.com)
  • The Caspase-3 Assay Kit reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (chiptested.com)
Neuronal Apoptosis2
  • Mutations in CRADD Result in Reduced Caspase-2-Mediated Neuronal Apoptosis and Cause Megalencephaly with a Rare Lissencephaly Variant. (umassmed.edu)
  • Inhibition of CTSB activity also induced caspase-dependent neuronal apoptosis in mouse cerebrocortical cultures. (bvsalud.org)
Monoclonal Antibody2
  • The following product was used in this experiment: Active/Pro-Caspase 3 Monoclonal Antibody (31A1067) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # MA1-91637, RRID AB_1954999. (thermofisher.com)
  • Western Blot analysis of (A) RAW264.7 and (B) NIH-3T3 cell lysate using Active/Pro-Caspase 3 Monoclonal Antibody (31A1067) (Product # MA1-91637). (thermofisher.com)
Inhibitors1
Inhibition2
  • Four years later, in 1995, the reason for apoptosis inhibition by P35 was identified as its ability to bind and inhibit caspases (then still called ICE homologs) by Nancy J. Bump and co-workers at the BASF Bioresearch Corporation in Worcester, Massachusetts. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mechanism of caspase inhibition was discovered by Guozhou Xu in the team of Hao Wu at the Department of Biochemistry at Weill Cornell Medical College in 2001. (wikipedia.org)
Inflammatory2
  • For example, the dysregulation of caspases underlies several human diseases that include cancer and inflammatory disorders, and a better understanding of these enzymes is of great importance in order to design new therapies. (ualberta.ca)
  • Resurrection of an ancient inflammatory locus reveals switch to caspase-1 specificity on a caspase-4 scaffold. (salvesenlab.org)
Subunit2
  • The antibody recognizes an epitope in the large domain subunit of Caspase-3. (thermofisher.com)
  • As such it will recognize pro Caspase-3 and the large subunit cleavage fragment. (thermofisher.com)
Hydrophobic residues1
  • In view of this finding, the original classification of caspases into three specificity groups needs to be modified, at least for caspase-8, which tolerates small hydrophobic residues as well as the acidic residue Asp in subsite S(4). (rcsb.org)
Proteolytic cleavage1
  • Caspase-3 is synthesized as an inactive proenzyme that undergoes proteolytic cleavage by caspases 8, 9 and 10 to produce 2 subunits, termed p20 and p11. (crossfirebeilstein.com)
Activates1
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activates the Inflammasome via NLRP3- and Caspase-2-Driven Mitochondrial Damage. (umassmed.edu)
Sequential2
Apoptosis and cell1
Inflammation1
Regulation2
  • This caspase-cascade plays a central role in the induction and transduction of apoptotic signals, as well as in the regulation of immunity, cellular proliferation and differentiation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Apoptosis triggered by meriolins is accompanied by rapid Mcl-1 down-regulation, cytochrome c release, and activation of caspases. (rcsb.org)
Activity4
  • A colorimetric caspase activity assay was performed with pcWNV-Cp-DJY- or pcDNA3.1-transfected cells for caspase-3 (c) or caspase-9 (d) activity. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, this kit can measure caspase-3/7 activity in cell culture directly in a 96-well or 384-well plate without a time-consuming cell extraction step. (eurogentec.com)
  • We recommend using 1U per assay for analyzing caspase activity. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • NF-κB activity was altered by tea extracts in a complex, caspase-dependent manner, which differed from the effects of epigallocatechin-gallate. (biomedcentral.com)
Amino3
  • P35 first serves as a caspase substrate and is cleaved between the amino acids D87 and G88, i.e. after the sequence DQMD in P35 from AcMNPV and after the sequence DKID in P35 from BmNPV, resulting in two polypeptide products of about 10 kDa and 25 kDa in size. (wikipedia.org)
  • Typically, caspases recognize a four amino acid long motif P 4 P 3 P 2 P 1 in their target sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both caspase-3 and caspase-7 have substrate selectivity for the amino acid sequence Asp-Glu-Val-Asp (DEVD). (eurogentec.com)
Immunogen1
  • A synthetic peptide corresponding to a region of the caspase-3-induced cleavage site of human Rb was used as immunogen. (novusbio.com)
Determination1
  • In conclusion, these findings strongly suggest that determination of hepatocyte caspase activation in the blood is a strong and independent predictor of NASH in human subjects. (nih.gov)
Cleavage fragment1
  • Instead, the N-terminal, 10 kDa cleavage fragment remains bound to the caspase by a covalent, stable thioester bond between the cleavage residue D87 of P35 and the cysteine residue at the active site of the caspase. (wikipedia.org)
Activation2
  • Endothelial activation of caspase-9 promotes neurovascular injury in retinal vein occlusion. (salvesenlab.org)
  • Organic solvent-induced proximal tubular cell toxicity via caspase-3 activation. (cdc.gov)
Reagent1
Fragments1
  • Caspase-3 cleaves Rb into 48 and 68kDa fragments. (novusbio.com)
Tissue1
  • Quantification of Immunostained Caspase-9 in Retinal Tissue. (salvesenlab.org)
Bind1
Detection1
  • This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Caspase Activated DNase (CAD). (dnagrade.com)
Products3
  • The possibility to create a database from predicted caspase cleavage products for the whole genome could significantly aid in identifying novel caspase targets from tandem mass spectrometry based proteomic experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both known caspase cleavage products as well as novel cleavage products were identified using the database demonstrating the usefulness of the tool. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other Caspase-3 products are available in stock. (chiptested.com)
Descriptor1
  • Caspase 2" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
Concentration2
  • green) using Cleaved Caspase-3 (Asp175) (D3E9) Rabbit mAb (solid lines) or concentration-matched Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP ® Isotype Control #3900 (dashed lines). (cellsignal.jp)
  • The concentration of Caspase Activated DNase (CAD) in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve. (dnagrade.com)
Family1
  • Description: CASP3 is a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. (crossfirebeilstein.com)