Specific transgene transgenes. Medical search. Frequent questions

The first transgenic animals were only intended for genetic research to study the specific function of a gene, and by 2003, thousands of genes had been studied. (wikipedia.org)
Typical plant transformation protocols to produce transgenic, genetically modified (GM) varieties rely on transgenes, chemical selection, and tissue culture. (frontiersin.org)
Only cells with both vectors expressing the two intein-split selectable marker fragments ("markertrons") undergo protein trans-splicing to reconstitute a full-length selectable marker, allowing specific selection and enrichment of the double transgenic cells. (jax.org)
The use of site-specific recombination to remove undesired DNA from the plant genome and concomitantly, via excision-mediated DNA rearrangement, switch-activate by choice transgenes of agronomical, food or feed quality traits provides a versatile "transgene maintenance and control" strategy that can significantly contribute to the transfer of transgenic laboratory developments into farming practice. (bioone.org)
Bi-transgenic progeny constitutively express human tau P301L until transgene expression is inactivated by administration of the tetracycline analog doxycycline (dox). (alzforum.org)
T2 mice were then crossed with the CaMKIIα-tTA activator line to create bi-transgenic mice (designated rT2/T2 when homozygous for the MAPT P301L transgene). (alzforum.org)
An efficient method for identifying single copy transgene insertion events from a population of independent transgenic lines is desirable. (usda.gov)
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We established an insulin promoter-driven murine PD-L1 transgenic NOD mouse model to directly evaluate the protective effect of an organ-specific PD-L1 transgene against autoimmune diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
Transgene expression, insulitis, and diabetic incidence were characterized in these transgenic NOD mice. (diabetesjournals.org)
Alternative methods to study specific populations of neurons are transgenic animals or, if available, specific promoter elements. (lu.se)

The integration site of the MAPT P301L transgene is within the Fgf14 (fibroblast growth factor 14) gene on chromosome 14, resulting in a 244 Kb deletion that includes exon 1. (alzforum.org)
To create T2 mice, a targeted insertion strategy was used to place the MAPT P301L transgene in a location in the mouse genome where no endogenous mouse genes would be disrupted. (alzforum.org)

However, they are completely different in their purposes, as gene therapy aims to cure a defect in cells, and transgenesis seeks to produce a genetically modified organism by incorporating the specific transgene into every cell and changing the genome. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, split selectable markers can be used to facilitate genome engineering using the CRISPR/Cas system when it is used to "knock-in" (add) a genetic sequence at a specific location in the genome. (jax.org)
While transformation procedures have become routine for a growing number of plant species, the random introduction of complex transgenenic DNA into the plant genome by current methods generates unpredictable effects on both transgene and homologous native gene expression. (bioone.org)
This review focuses on recent reports demonstrating the elimination of undesirable transgenes (essentially selectable marker and recombinase genes) from the plant genome and concomitant activation of a silent transgene (e.g., a reporter gene) mediated by different site-specific recombinases driven by constitutive or chemically, environmentally or developmentally regulated promoters. (bioone.org)
New metabolic engineering approaches have recently been developed to modulate carotenoid content, including the employment of CRISPR technologies for single-base editing and the integration of exogenous genes into specific "safe harbors" in the genome. (frontiersin.org)

Transgenes are genes transferred from one organism to another, and they are important for many research areas. (jax.org)
Simply put, the split markers involve dividing the marker genes at specific sites and fusing them to protein splicing elements. (jax.org)
Various approaches to avoid or eliminate undesirable transgenes, most notably selectable marker genes used in plant transformation, have recently been developed. (bioone.org)
The CaMKIIα-tTA transgene inserted on chromosome 12, resulting in a 508 kb deletion that affects five mouse genes: Vipr2 (vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2), Wdr60 (WD repeat-containing protein 60), Esyt2 (extended synaptotagmin-like protein 2), Ncapg2 (non-SMC condensin II complex, subunit G2), and Ptprn2 (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, N polypeptide 2). (alzforum.org)
The method utilizes specific primers to amplify target transgenes, and species-specific reference genes in a single duplexed reaction containing thousands of droplets. (usda.gov)
In humans, mutations affecting the genes of this family are associated with specific diseases. (sdbonline.org)

Chromatin Insulator Elements Block Transgene Silencing in Engineered hESC Lines at a Defined Chromosome 13 Locus. (ca.gov)
Previously we created reporter lines driven by an elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1alpha promoter at a chromosome 13q32.3 locus in the hESC lineWA09 and an abnormal hESC line BG01V in a site-specific manner. (ca.gov)
To develop an efficient and reliable genetic engineering strategy in hESCs, we used chromatin insulator elements to flank single-copy transgenes and integrated the combined expression constructs via PhiC31/R4 integrase mediated recombination technology to the chromosome 13 locus precisely. (ca.gov)
The dual strategy of utilizing insulator sequences and integration at the constitutive chromosome 13 locus ensures appropriate transgene expression. (ca.gov)

A transgene is a gene that has been transferred naturally, or by any of a number of genetic engineering techniques, from one organism to another. (wikipedia.org)

Some examples include delivering DNA-free gene editing reagents such as ribonucleoproteins or mRNA, relying on reagent expression from non-integrated DNA, using novel delivery mechanisms such as viruses or nanoparticles, using unconventional selection methods to avoid integration of transgenes, and/or avoiding tissue culture altogether. (frontiersin.org)
Host immune responses limit the duration of expression of transgenes introduced by recombinant adenoviruses, preclude gene transfer upon vector readministration and cause liver injury. (nih.gov)
However, when these cells were differentiated into specific lineages, reduction in reporter expression was observed, indicating transgene silencing. (ca.gov)
By using an expression vector, a 680 bp PSA promoter isolated from a prostate cancer patient demonstrated the prostate-specific expression of the reporter gene [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Transcriptional targeting of transgenes expression to tumour cells will be obtained using tumour cell type specific promoter. (europa.eu)
Our general objective is the development of new generations of targeted viral vectors for the treatment of liver and brain cancer by directing viral entry and by restricting transgene expression. (europa.eu)
this mouse has become a popular model, as it phenocopies the tau pathology and pronounced neurodegeneration observed in human tauopathies, in addition to providing researchers with temporal control over mutant tau transgene expression. (alzforum.org)
Transgene expression is largely restricted to the forebrain by the CaMKIIα promoter. (alzforum.org)
On-going gene therapy clinical trials offer efficient but uncontrolled expression of therapeutic transgenes. (unil.ch)
Our current project consists in targeting GDNF transgene expression in specific neuronal subpopulations in order to avoid off-target effects. (unil.ch)
The dominant-negative Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 profiles showed both overlapping and specific differential expression, suggesting involvement in multiple complexes. (sdbonline.org)
Embryos lacking maternal lilli expression show specific defects in the establishment of a functional cytoskeleton during cellularization, and exhibit a pair-rule segmentation phenotype. (sdbonline.org)
Transgene expression is driven by Thy1 (Thy1.2) regulatory elements. (mmrrc.org)

Conclusion: We have developed a method that allows for specific analysis of neuronal subpopulations in the brain either by microscopy or by biochemical methods e.g. immunoprecipitation. (lu.se)

To engineer cells, the most common method is to assemble the transgene and associated sequences on a bacterial plasmid, then use viral vectors to move the plasmids into the recipient cells. (jax.org)
The coding sequence of a selectable marker is split into an N-terminal fragment (MarN) and a C-terminal fragment (kerC) and separately cloned upstream of an N-terminal fragment of a split intein (IntN) and downstream of a C-terminal fragment of the split intein (IntC), respectively, on two different vectors each carrying a different transgene. (jax.org)
ii) gutless adenoviral vectors, by genetic modifications of the fibre and hexon proteins of the adenoviral capsids, as well as through the use of combined cell type specific and inducible promoters. (europa.eu)
To this end, all new vectors will express the same identical therapeutic transgene, which will allow comparisons to be made across all novel viral vectors produced. (europa.eu)
However, very specific promoter elements are rarely available and often large, limiting the usefulness in viral vectors. (lu.se)

The system is not limited to simple two-plasmid applications, and the researchers also present a protocol for selecting up to six transgenes using a single split selectable marker. (jax.org)

The transgene must contain a promoter, which is a regulatory sequence that will determine where and when the transgene is active, an exon, a protein coding sequence (usually derived from the cDNA for the protein of interest), and a stop sequence. (wikipedia.org)
The idea behind this study is to place the Ad5 E1 region in cis complementation (i.e., use E1 as a transgene) back into an E1-deleted, replication-defective adenovirus under the control of a prostate-specific promoter (PSP). (hindawi.com)

Translation of the overexpressed transgenes appears to be restricted to the central nervous system, notably in Alzheimer's disease-relevant areas including the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. (mmrrc.org)

Typical protocols to make gene edited (GE) varieties also use transgenes, even though these may be undesirable in the final crop product. (frontiersin.org)

homozygous for the Psen1 mutation and homozygous for the co-injected APPSwe and tauP301L transgenes (Tg(APPSwe,tauP301L)1Lfa)) are viable, fertile and display no initial gross physical or behavioral abnormalities. (mmrrc.org)

These are typically combined in a bacterial plasmid and the coding sequences are typically chosen from transgenes with previously known functions. (wikipedia.org)

One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)

This method and the compendium of probes and primers will be a useful resource for the plant research community, enabling the simple and accurate determination of transgene copy number in these six important crop species. (usda.gov)

Individual partners will either provide transgenes, or regulatory transcriptional cassettes, which will be assembled into individual novel targeted recombinants. (europa.eu)

We still do not know what specific factors contribute to the success in transplantation i.e. what cells are responsible for motor recovery? (lu.se)

We use spatial properties of fields (size, position) in three small-scale maize farming communities in Zambia and estimate rates of cross-fertilisation between fields sown with different maize varieties (e.g. conventional and transgene). (nature.com)

A number of PSPs have been defined over the years that include, but not limited to, promoters of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), probasin (PB), mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV LTR), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), and prostatic steroid-binding protein C3. (hindawi.com)

In this study, we have analyzed and compared three prostate-specific promoters (PSA, probasin, and MMTV LTR) for their specificity and activity both in vitro and in vivo . (hindawi.com)

Transgene escape has been documented for GMO crops since 2001 with persistence and invasiveness. (wikipedia.org)

The best PSP was selected to construct a prostate-specific oncolytic adenovirus (CRAD) by controlling the adenoviral E1 region. (hindawi.com)

Prostate-specific IL-6 transgene autonomously induce prostate neoplasm through amplifying inflammation in the prostate and peri-prostatic adipose tissue. (musc.edu)

This review highlights diverse strategies to deliver CRISPR/Cas gene editing reagents to regenerable plant cells and to recover edited plants without unwanted integration of transgenes. (frontiersin.org)
To address the issue, JAX Assistant Professor Albert Cheng, Ph.D., led a team to develop split selectable markers, a method that can indicate the successful integration of multiple transgenes. (jax.org)

Background: To target specific neuronal populations by gene transfer is challenging. (lu.se)

The workprogram has been divided in 6 workpackages each corresponding to a targeted vector (retro-, lenti- or adeno-viral) tested in a specific tumour model (liver or brain). (europa.eu)

High levels of adenovirus-specific antibodies and CTL, and hepatic inflammation were found. (nih.gov)

Thus, GPI-anchored FGF organizes both source and recipient cells and self-regulates its cytoneme-mediated tissue-specific dispersion and signaling. (biorxiv.org)
Understanding how signals might inform cells of their positional identity, directionality, and interactions and organize these functions in diverse tissue-specific patterns is critical to understanding morphogenesis. (biorxiv.org)
The discrete tissue-specific organization of morphogen signaling is known to be dependent on the ability of signal-receiving cells to selectively sense and respond to a specific signal 3 . (biorxiv.org)
Programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), the interacting ligand for PD-1, widely expressed in many cell types, acts as a tissue-specific negative regulator of pathogenic T-cell responses. (diabetesjournals.org)

Despite biocontrol conceptually being a useful way to control specific pests, there are very few products that are used beyond the glasshouse level, into the field. (weizmann.ac.il)

Here, we show that FGF is Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored to the producing cell surface and that this modification both inhibits free FGF secretion and activates target-specific bidirectional FGF-FGFR signaling through cytonemes. (biorxiv.org)
We asked: (1) How do cytonemes recognize a specific target cell and form signaling contacts? (biorxiv.org)
and T-cell proliferation, adoptive transfer, and islet transplantation were performed to evaluate the PD-L1 transgene-mediated immune-protective mechanisms. (diabetesjournals.org)
These results show that LMP1 , mour viruses classified by IARC in EBV-specific T-cell response. (who.int)

Selectable markers work well for research involving single transgene, but adding more than one transgene to cells can be challenging to track. (jax.org)

The prevalence and similarities of these signaling filopodia suggest that the polarized target-specific morphogen exchange through filopodial contacts is an evolutionarily conserved signaling mechanism. (biorxiv.org)

Multiple elongation complexes exist, but the role of specific components in adult Drosophila is underexplored. (sdbonline.org)

Transgenesis is the same as gene therapy in the sense that they both transform cells for a specific purpose. (wikipedia.org)
Transgenesis will therefore change the germ cells, not only the somatic cells, in order to ensure that the transgenes are passed down to the offspring when the organisms reproduce. (wikipedia.org)
The primary challenge involved with transgenes is the actual delivery of them into the cells. (jax.org)

In paper №3, I also identify the specific mesDA population (A9) that is critical for functional recovery, with transplants that lack A9 neurons failing to improve motor recovery. (lu.se)

The introduction of a transgene, in a process known as transgenesis, has the potential to change the phenotype of an organism. (wikipedia.org)

To address this need, we developed a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)-based method for transgene copy number measurement in an array of crops: rice, citrus, potato, maize, tomato, and wheat. (usda.gov)

Anatomy30

Organisms37

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs65

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes88

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science3

Transgenic10

MAPT P301L2

Genome5

Genes6

Chromosome4

Organism to another1

Expression13

Neuronal subpopulations1

Vectors5

Selectable marker1

Promoter2

Notably1

Undesirable1

Homozygous1

Sequences1

Species-specific1

Crop1

Regulatory1

Factors1

Varieties1

Antigen1

Promoters1

20011

Adenoviral1

Prostate1

Integration2

Gene transfer1

Liver1

Inflammation1

Tissue-specific4

Control1

Cell4

Research1

Target1

Multiple1

Cells3

Functional1

Introduction1

Method1