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HLA AntigensHLA-DQ AntigensHLA-DR AntigensHLA-B AntigensHistocompatibility TestingHLA-DQ beta-ChainsHLA-DRB1 ChainsAntigensAllelesHLA-DQ alpha-ChainsHLA-A AntigensHLA-DR3 AntigenHLA-DR Serological SubtypesHLA-DR4 AntigenHistocompatibility Antigens Class IAntigens, NeoplasmAntigens, BacterialHLA-C AntigensAntigens, SurfaceHLA-G AntigensHLA-DR2 AntigenAntigens, ViralHistocompatibility Antigens Class IILeukocytesHLA-D AntigensHLA-A2 AntigenGenes, MHC Class IIHaplotypesEpitopesGenes, MHC Class IHLA-DP beta-ChainsHLA-B44 AntigenHLA-B52 AntigenAntigens, CDHLA-DP AntigensHistocompatibilityGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicGene FrequencyHLA-B27 AntigenHLA-DR7 AntigenT-LymphocytesMolecular Sequence DataEpitopes, T-LymphocyteHLA-B8 AntigenAmino Acid SequenceAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, ProtozoanHLA-A24 AntigenIsoantibodiesAntigens, Polyomavirus TransformingHLA-A1 AntigenMajor Histocompatibility ComplexHLA-B18 AntigenHLA-B51 AntigenReceptors, Antigen, T-CellHLA-DR1 AntigenHLA-B35 AntigenHistocompatibility AntigensHLA-B7 AntigenLeukocyte RollingAntigens, FungalReceptors, KIRGenotypeHLA-DP alpha-ChainsH-2 AntigensLymphocyte ActivationAntigens, HelminthFlow CytometryTissue DonorsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesHLA-A3 AntigenCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGraft RejectionTransplantation, HomologousPolymorphism, GeneticCell LinePeptidesCarcinoembryonic AntigenGraft vs Host DiseaseEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayAntigens, Viral, TumorDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Case-Control StudiesGraft Survivalbeta 2-MicroglobulinInterferon-gammaAntigens, CD8Immunoglobulin GHLA-DR5 AntigenChromosomes, Human, Pair 6Cross ReactionsKiller Cells, NaturalCytotoxicity, ImmunologicLeukocyte CountAntibody SpecificityB-LymphocytesCells, CulturedKeratoconjunctivitis SiccaProliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
AllelesAntibodiesHaplotypesSpecificityMonoclonal antibodyAntibodyAlleleCross-reactPeptidePeptidesTransmembraneReactivityLymphocytesImmune responseExposuresHeterodimericRecognizeNaiveLocusEncodeCounterpartsMonocytesResponsesCellsChainsConjugateExpressionTumorClinicalTypeRepertoirePresentSystemMajorCommonArthritisShowFoundPsoriasisGroupForm
Alleles5
  • A haplotype epidemiologic association with PA involves the expression of both class I and class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, including HLA-B13, HLA-B17, HLA-B27, HLA-B38, HLA-B39, HLA-Cw6, HLA-DR4, and HLA-DR7. (medscape.com)
  • The association between aPL antibodies and particular human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and HLA-linked epitopes has been reported in studies of patients with lupus erythematous (eg, HLA-DR7, HLA-DR4). (medscape.com)
  • The HLA-DR3 phenotypes seem to predispose to the formation of aCL antibodies and antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), but this has not been confirmed in patients, and particular HLA alleles associated with recurrent miscarriage have not been reported. (medscape.com)
  • PsA has been associated with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class 1 alleles as opposed to the class 2 alleles associated with RA. (bmj.com)
  • In the case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related illnesses, many of the HLA class II alleles are associated with the presence of specific autoantibodies or clinical phenotypes. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Antibodies8
  • Human aCL antibodies cause placental necrosis in BALB/c mice. (medscape.com)
  • In vivo infusion of each of the anti-b2GPI antibodies into BALB/c mice followed by administration of the corresponding specific peptides prevents the peptide-treated mice from developing experimental APS. (medscape.com)
  • When using two or more Super Bright dye-conjugated antibodies in a staining panel, it is recommended to use Super Bright Complete Staining Buffer (Product # SB-4401) to minimize any non-specific polymer interactions. (thermofisher.com)
  • The vertebrate adaptive immune system modifies the genome of individual B cells to encode antibodies that bind particular antigens 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • We show that for naive antibodies (those not yet adapted to antigens), the probability that they use the same light chain V gene is around 10%, whereas for memory (functional) antibodies, it is around 80%, even if only one cell per clonotype is used. (bvsalud.org)
  • The diagnosis of CD also has changed as a result of the availability of CD-specific antibody tests, based mainly on tissue transgluta- minase type 2 (TG2) antibodies. (vdocuments.net)
  • Definitions CD is an immune-mediated systemic disorder elicited by gluten and related prolamines in genetically susceptible individuals and characterised by the presence of a variable combination of gluten-dependent clinical manifestations, CD-specific antibodies, Received and accepted September 1, 2011. (vdocuments.net)
  • Following this model, the human immune system is divided into two major classes: Cellular Immunity, located in the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts and their respective lymph nodes (outer defenses), and Humoral Immunity, with production of antigen-specific antibodies by plasma cells in the bone marrow (inner defenses). (medicalveritas.org)
Haplotypes1
Specificity2
  • TXG-0078 achieves its exceptional binding breadth while utilizing the same VH1-24 variable gene signature and heavy chain-dominant binding pattern seen in other NTD supersite-specific neutralizing Abs with much narrower specificity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Each chain contains three complementarity-determining regions (CDR1-CDR3), which contribute to antigen specificity. (bvsalud.org)
Monoclonal antibody4
  • The TU169 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the human Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II HLA-DQ1 and DQ2 antigens and weakly to HLA-DQ3. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Human Tonsil stained with HLA-DRB Monoclonal Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067). (novusbio.com)
  • This monoclonal antibody reacts with the beta-chain of HLA-DRB1 antigen, a member of MHC class II molecules. (novusbio.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody (LN3), Super Bright™ 436, eBioscience™ from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 62-9956-42, RRID AB_2744822. (thermofisher.com)
Antibody6
  • The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α33 subset of HLA-A α-chains. (wikipedia.org)
  • This antibody does not cross-react with HLA-DR2 and HLA-DR7. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Western Blot: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Western Blot Analysis of Ramos cell lysate using HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067). (novusbio.com)
  • Flow Cytometry: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Raji cells using HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067). (novusbio.com)
  • Applications Tested: This LN3 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • Interestingly, the recent data in RA indicate that the major HLA-DR associations are with anti-CCP antibody positive disease, suggesting that control of autoantibody responses may be a primary mechanism underlying these associations in RA as well. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Allele5
  • For A33, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*33 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within eastern Asia A*3303 is in linkage disequilibrium with on haplotype in particular, the specific genetic makeup is: A*3303 : C*0302 : B*5801 : DRB1*0301 : DQA1*0501 : DQB1*0201 It is interesting that the Cw allele in the Pakistani population is the same as the allele in the east Asian population C*0302. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DR14. (eupedia.com)
  • Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DR10. (eupedia.com)
  • Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-A3, which is divided in two subtypes : A3:01 and A3:02. (eupedia.com)
Cross-react1
  • It does not cross react with HLA-DP and HLA-DQ. (novusbio.com)
Peptide3
  • In conjunction with the CD3/TCR complex and CD4 molecules, HLA-DR is critical for efficient peptide presentation to CD4+ T cells. (novusbio.com)
  • Modified peptides showed enhanced binding to HLA-A2 compared with the native sequences and immunization of HLA-A2 transgenic mice generated high avidity modification specific CD8 responses that killed peptide expressing target cells. (bmj.com)
  • The polymorphisms associated with the "shared epitope" are located on the α-helical rim (DRB1 chain) of the peptide-binding cleft, where they may interact with either the bound peptide antigen or the T cell receptor. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Peptides6
  • Recent observations raise the hypothesis that not only the drug/chemical, but also parts of the haptenated protein or peptides may constitute the important structural determinants for antigen recognition by the TCR. (frontiersin.org)
  • HLA-DR is a heterodimeric transmembrane protein composed of alpha and beta subunits and plays an important role in the presentation of peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
  • The human MHC class II molecules bind intracellularly processed peptides, present them to T-helper cells, and have a critical role in the initiation of the immune response. (thermofisher.com)
  • Methods Homocitrullinated peptides were identified and assessed in vitro for HLA-A2 binding and in vivo in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) transgenic mouse models for immunogenicity. (bmj.com)
  • Human tumor samples were analyzed by targeted mass spectrometry for presence of homocitrullinated peptides. (bmj.com)
  • The allelic variations among different HLA molecules are a major factor accounting for differences in the types of antigenic peptides to which an individual responds or in the types of T cells that are used in an immune response. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Transmembrane3
  • HLA-DQ antigens exits as heterodimers comprised of polymorphic transmembrane HLA-DQ alpha and beta glycoproteins. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • HLA-DR, like other MHC class II molecules, is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of a 36 kDa alpha chain (DRA) and 27 kDa beta chain (DRB). (thermofisher.com)
  • HLA class I and class II molecules are cell surface glycoproteins, anchored to the membrane by hydrophobic transmembrane segments. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Reactivity1
  • Due to the artificial nature of drug/chemical-T-cell epitopes, it is not clear whether thymic selection of drug/chemical-specific T cells is a common phenomenon or remains limited to few donors or simply does not exist, suggesting T-cell receptor (TCR) cross-reactivity with other antigens. (frontiersin.org)
Lymphocytes3
Immune response2
  • Allergic reactions to drugs and chemicals are mediated by an adaptive immune response involving specific T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • The HLA molecules and their counterparts in rodents were subsequently shown to be directly responsible for immune response differences between individuals and for determining the likelihood of graft rejection. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Exposures2
  • Memory response becomes more potent and faster after subsequent exposures to an antigen . (amboss.com)
  • This model also allows for incorporation of exposure information as an independent variable, which will be important for risk variants associated with specific exposures. (cdc.gov)
Heterodimeric1
  • HLA-DR is a heterodimeric cell surface glycoprotein comprised of a 36kDa alpha (heavy) chain and a 28kDa beta (light) chain. (novusbio.com)
Recognize3
  • Activated B cells and memory T cells can recognize specific antigens on pathogens. (amboss.com)
  • Background Post-translational modification of proteins has the potential to alter the ability of T cells to recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class -I and class-II restricted antigens, thereby resulting in altered immune responses. (bmj.com)
  • In each individual, T cells are generally restricted to recognize antigens presented by the person's own HLA molecules. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Naive2
  • Drug and Chemical Allergy: A Role for a Specific Naive T-Cell Repertoire? (frontiersin.org)
  • During thymic selection, T cells that have not yet encountered their cognate antigen are considered naive T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Locus1
  • The first haplotype is A33-Cw14-B44-DR13-DQ6.4 A*3303 : C*1403 : B*4403 : DRB1*1302 : DQA1*0102 : DQB1*0604 : DPB1*0401 This haplotype is found in Japan and Korea, and it is the most common 5 locus HLA type in Korea, high at 4.2%, 25 times higher than in China. (wikipedia.org)
Encode1
  • Three loci, DR, DQ and DP, encode the major expressed products of the human class II region. (thermofisher.com)
Counterparts1
  • HLA-DR antigens also occur on a variety of epithelial cells and their corresponding neoplastic counterparts. (novusbio.com)
Monocytes1
  • Description: The LN3 mAb reacts with the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, HLA-DR. HLA-DR is expressed on the surface of human antigen presenting cells (APC) including B cells, monocytes, macrophages, DCs, and activated T cells. (thermofisher.com)
Responses1
  • Thus, Hcit-specific CD8 T-cell responses have potential in the development of future anticancer therapy. (bmj.com)
Cells3
  • Selection of drug/chemical-specific T cells could be a relatively rare event accounting for the low occurrence of drug allergy. (frontiersin.org)
  • On one hand, drug-specific T cells provide the necessary help for mounting an effective B-cell response observed in immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Nevertheless, there are only an estimated 10 12 T cells in the human body ( 26 ). (frontiersin.org)
Chains2
  • Certain heavy and light chains are preferred for particular antigens 2-22 . (bvsalud.org)
  • HLA class II molecules consist of noncovalently associated α (32 kD) and β (28 kD) chains, both of which are encoded within the MHC. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Conjugate1
  • The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. (bdbiosciences.com)
Expression1
  • Loss of HLA-DR expression is related to tumor microenvironment and predicts adverse outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (novusbio.com)
Tumor2
  • Importantly, in vivo the homocitrullinated aldolase specific response was associated with efficient CD8 dependent antitumor therapy of the aggressive murine B16 tumor model indicating that this epitope is naturally presented in the tumor. (bmj.com)
  • In addition, the homocitrullinated aldolase epitope was also detected in human tumor samples. (bmj.com)
Clinical1
  • This technique is more sensitive and specific than clinical examination in detecting active synovitis, and the identification of specific synovitis patterns enables differentiation of PA from RA and other entities. (medscape.com)
Type3
  • Psoriatic arthritis (PA) is a specific type of arthritis that has been diagnosed in approximately 23% of those who have psoriasis . (medscape.com)
  • The specific nomenclature for this type is: A*3301 : C*0802 : B*1402 : DRB1*0102 : DQA1*0102 : DQB1*0501 This haplotype appears to precede A33-B58 in Asia, bringing with it the DR7-DQ2 haplotype. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is overall an North Asian HLA type, although it is also found in Lebanon and the Maghreb (but Lebanese do have 1-2% of North Asian DNA associated with Y-DNA haplogroup Q1b). (eupedia.com)
Repertoire1
  • We screened the circulating B cell repertoires of COVID-19 survivors and vaccinees using multiplexed panels of uniquely barcoded antigens in a high-throughput single cell workflow to isolate over 9,000 SARS-CoV-2-specific monoclonal Abs (mAbs), providing an expansive view of the SARS-CoV-2-specific Ab repertoire. (bvsalud.org)
Present1
  • HLA-B27 is present in 60% of individuals with the disease, as compared with 8% of the general population. (medscape.com)
System2
  • The innate immune system develops in utero and, unlike the adaptive (acquired) immune system , does not require imprinting or adaptation to specific antigens nor does it provide permanent pathogen -specific immunity . (amboss.com)
  • Although the human immune system is of almost inconceivable complexity in its detailed functions, the basic principles are quite simple, which might be compared with a medieval castle with an outer mote, an outer wall with parapets, and an inner defense wall, all of which serve to protect the king (brain and nervous system) and queen (genetic system). (medicalveritas.org)
Major1
Common2
  • Many common human diseases such as asthma, cancer, and cardiovascular disease are complex in nature, as they are influenced variably by environmental, physiologic, and genetic factors. (cdc.gov)
  • During this time, the perception of CD has changed from a rather uncommon enteropathy to a common multi- organ disease with a strong genetic predisposition that is associated mainly with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8. (vdocuments.net)
Arthritis1
  • Even though the identity of a specific form of arthritis associated with psoriasis has been questioned, 2 epidemiological evidence strongly supports the existence of PsA. (bmj.com)
Show1
  • B14 splits into B64 (B*1401) and B65 (B*1402) but the only Arabian people which show both antigens are the United Arab Emirates. (wikipedia.org)
Found1
  • A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. (immport.org)
Psoriasis1
  • There is no specific or diagnostic blood test for psoriasis. (medscape.com)
Group1
  • HLA-A33 (A33) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. (wikipedia.org)
Form1
  • Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. (immport.org)