Specific epitopes minor histocompatibility antigens. Medical search. Frequent questions

Since GvT responses involve T-cell recognition of tumor-specific peptides presented by MHC molecules [ 14 ], it may be possible to identify and select donor T cells that provide beneficial GvT responses but minimal GvHD risk. (biomedcentral.com)
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are heterodimeric glycoproteins consisting of α and β chains, with approximate molecular mass of 33 kDa and 28 kDa respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
MHC class II molecules are specialized peptide receptors that play a critical role in initiating and regulating immune responses by binding peptide fragments that are 10-30 amino acids long [ 1 ] and present them on the surface of antigen-presenting cells for recognition by CD4 + T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The use of computational techniques has been instrumental in advancing epitope-based vaccine research, with much work focusing on predicting the binding specificities of peptides to MHC molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent studies using cloned antigen-specific T lymphocytes and monoclonal antibodies directed at their various surface glycoprotein components have led to identification of the human T cell antigen receptor as a surface complex comprised of a clonotypic 90 kDa Ti heterodimer and the invariant 20 and 25 kDa T3 molecules. (ox.ac.uk)
One class of non-self molecules are called antigens (short for anti body gen erators) and are defined as substances that bind to specific immune receptors and elicit an immune response. (wikidoc.org)
Class I and II genes are even further classified by function as classical and nonclassical, selleck chemicals with classical Class I and II genes encod ing cell surface molecules that existing antigens to T lym phocytes. (pafrinhibitors.com)
These molecules current antigens derived selleck Oligomycin A from intravesicular and extracellular pathogens to CD4 helper T cells, which release signals to set off antibody production and inflam matory responses that kill the pathogens. (pafrinhibitors.com)
To facilitate the discrimination, all nucleated cells present a selection of the peptides contained in their proteins on the cell surface in complex with Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC class I) molecules. (biomedcentral.com)

Her studies in the area of minor histocompatibility antigens showed that male-specific cytotoxic T cells recognize self-MHC and products of genes on the Y chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
She carried out the molecular identification of the HY genes and the peptide epitopes they encode. (wikipedia.org)
the genetic control of immune responses to T cell epitopes with respect to MHC and non-MHC linked genes. (imperial.ac.uk)
they are products of histocompatibility genes. (medscape.com)
In humans, the MHC is called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system and is located on the short arm of chromosome 6, near the complement genes. (medscape.com)
Due to selective pressures from ever transforming pathogens while in the setting, these antigen presenting MHC genes evolve swiftly and therefore are commonly hugely polymorphic within their peptide binding areas, enabling the immune system to understand an substantial variety of pathogenic antigens. (pafrinhibitors.com)
An individual T-cell has a specific complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of T cell receptor (TCR)-α and -β, which is a result of the recombination of somatic TCR V-(D)-J genes and junction diversity. (nature.com)

In conclusion, female UCB comprises HY-specific cytotoxic T cells. (ashpublications.org)
Cytomegalovirus reactivation is still a critical concern following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and cellular immune reconstitution of cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-cells is necessary for the long-term control of cytomegalovirus reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. (nature.com)
Here we show the features of repertoire diversity and the gene expression profile of HLA-A24 cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-cells in actual recipients according to the cytomegalovirus reactivation pattern. (nature.com)
Single-cell RNA-sequence analyses demonstrate the homogenous distribution of the gene expression profile in individual cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-cells within each recipient. (nature.com)
However, cellular immune reconstitution of CMV-specific cytotoxic T-cells (CMV-CTL) is generally considered to be necessary for the long-term control of CMV reactivation after allo-HCT. (nature.com)

The roles of antigen-specificity, responsiveness to TGFβ and APC subsets in tumour-induced expansion of regulatory T cells. (imperial.ac.uk)
In this report, we developed a high-throughput multiplex microsphere immunoassay using a combination of mpox-specific peptides and cross-reactive OPV proteins that results in the specific serologic detection of mpox infection with 93% sensitivity and 98% specificity. (bvsalud.org)
The specificity of autoimmune injury to cartilaginous tissues has led investigators to test the hypothesis that a cartilage-specific autoantibody is central to the pathogenesis of relapsing polychondritis. (medscape.com)
The epitope specificity of the antibodies in relapsing polychondritis differs from those in RA, suggesting different mechanisms for formation and pathophysiologic roles. (medscape.com)
The fine specificity of the TF-specific CTL repertoire indicates that the TcR recognize the glycosylated amino acid residue together with TF in a conventional major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted fashion. (silverchair.com)

Their theory concurred with studies by Doherty and Zinkernagel, where they demonstrated that the immune system plays an essential role in immune surveillance by recognizing small peptide epitopes in conjunction with the MHC-I presented on the surface of virus infected cells [5]. (studylib.net)

The major focus of the Department of Immunology is on Translational Immunology and its spectrum of basic research covers T cell biology, antibodies, antigen presentation and innate immunity. (immunology-tuebingen.de)
Various studies find circulating antibodies to cartilage-specific collagen types II, IX, and XI to be present in 30%-70% of patients with relapsing polychondritis. (medscape.com)
Next-generation vaccines that utilize T cells could potentially overcome the limitations of current influenza vaccines that rely on antibodies to provide narrow subtype-specific protection and are prone to antigenic mismatch with circulating strains. (mdpi.com)
GAS M proteins share epitopes (antigenic-determinant sites that are recognized by antibodies) with proteins found in synovium, heart muscle, and heart valve, suggesting that molecular mimicry by GAS antigens from rheumatogenic strains contributes to the arthritis, carditis, and valvular damage. (merckmanuals.com)
however, rabbit antibodies raised against the recombinant proteins encoded by the gene of mouse bullous pemphigoid antigen 2 (BP180) are capable of inducing blisters in newborn mice in a complement-dependent manner. (medscape.com)

This phase I trial assessed the safety, efficacy, and immunologic responses to minor histocompatibility antigens following nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation as treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (aacrjournals.org)

Other antigens cause only weaker reactions, but combinations of several minor antigens can elicit strong rejection responses. (medscape.com)
In this regard, immune-transcriptome analyses of T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ CDR3-size and sequence is being used to characterize alloreactive versus tumor-specific T-cell responses. (biomedcentral.com)
Twenty-three female UCB samples were collected from healthy mothers and analyzed for minor histocompatibility Ag HY-specific responses. (ashpublications.org)
The evidence for an autoimmune etiology includes pathological findings of infiltrating T cells, the presence of antigen-antibody complexes in affected cartilage, cellular and humoral responses against collagen type II and other collagen antigens, and the observation that immunosuppressive regimens most often suppress the disease. (medscape.com)
Besides their function in the virus replication cycle, the viral glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, minor matrix protein and polymerase cofactor are viral determinants of pathogenicity, with evasion of the host innate and adaptive immune responses as the main mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
NK cells are themselves adaptive: remembering their encounters and mounting pattern-sensitive (antigen-aware) secondary responses. (ishinobu.com)
vaccines The immune system is complex, yet so simple in its ability to induce nonspecific (innate) immunity and specific immune responses against pathogens, including, bacteria, viruses and parasites. (studylib.net)

Simpson is particularly known for her elucidation of the nature of male-associated minor transplantation antigens, and their roles in the generation of immunological tolerance, graft versus host disease, and transplant rejection. (wikipedia.org)
H60 is a minor histocompatibility antigen for which the specific CD8 T-cell response dominates during alloresponse after MHC-matched allogeneic transplantation. (molcells.org)
His postdoctoral training was performed on minor H antigens in organ- and stem-cell transplantation in the laboratory of Prof. Dr. Els Goulmy, Leiden, The Netherlands. (umcutrecht.nl)

Fibronectin extra domain A as a drug delivery targeting epitope for rheumatoid arthritis. (musc.edu)

Patients were monitored for donor engraftment of myeloid and lymphoid cells, for clinical response by serial imaging, and for immunologic response by in vitro isolation of donor-derived CD8 + CTLs recognizing recipient minor histocompatibility (H) antigens. (aacrjournals.org)

Studies to antigen uptake, processing and presentation to T cells, the biology of dendritic cells and the regulation of immunity are aimed to raise our understanding of the immune reactions to tumor cells and improve immunotherapy of cancer. (universiteitleiden.nl)
The most restrictive step involved in antigen presentation is binding of the peptide to MHC class I. It is estimated that only 1 out of 200 peptides will bind a given MHC class I allele with sufficient strength to elicit a CTL response [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, these reports have focused on the entire non-specific immune diversity, and not directly on the cellular immunity specific to virus. (nature.com)

Molecular design of cancer-specific vaccines making use of modern knowledge is a central research theme. (universiteitleiden.nl)
MSCs can be defined by their ability to adhere to tissue culture plastic, their expression of several cell surface molecular epitopes-cluster of differentiation CD73, CD90, and CD105, and others-as well as their lack of several surface markers, including CD45 [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, we conducted immune- and RNA-sequencing of HLA-A24-restricted CMVpp65-specific CTLs to better understand the immune reconstitution of CMV-CTLs after allo-HCT. (nature.com)

The development of sequence-based predictive algorithms to identify potential Dsg3 epitopes has encountered limited success due to the paucity of PV-associated allele-specific peptides as training data. (biomedcentral.com)
Nine previously identified stimulatory Dsg3 peptides, Dsg3 96-112, Dsg3 191-205, Dsg3 206-220, Dsg3 252-266, Dsg3 342-356, Dsg3 380-394, Dsg3 763-777, Dsg3 810-824 and Dsg3 963-977, were docked into the binding groove of each model to analyze the structural aspects of allele-specific binding. (biomedcentral.com)
HLA-F Allele-Specific Peptide Restriction Represents an Exceptional Proteomic Footprint. (nih.gov)

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a severe autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by the presence of pathogenic autoantibodies directed against desmoglein-3 (Dsg3), involving specific DR4 and DR6 alleles in Caucasians and DQ5 allele in Asians. (biomedcentral.com)
While specific DP, DQ or DR alleles at the HLA class II locus have been shown to correlate with particular autoimmune diseases, a variety of confounding factors including strong linkage disequilibrium between the different HLA alleles, especially DR and DQ, complicates the exact identification of MHC susceptibility alleles. (biomedcentral.com)
One example of this is the shared epitope (SE) alleles of the human leukocyte antigen DR beta chain 1 (HLA-DRB1), which is a major risk factor for ACPA-positive RA, but not to the same extent for ACPA-negative RA. (biomedcentral.com)

Clones from three patients with a partial response or stable disease recognized antigens expressed on renal cell carcinoma tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
CD8 + CTL-recognizing minor H antigens on tumor cells can be isolated posttransplant and could contribute to the graft- versus -tumor effect. (aacrjournals.org)
In the current study we show that designer glycopeptides containing the Thomsen-Freidenreich (TF) antigen (β-Gal-[1→3]-α-GalNAc- O -serine) are immunogenic in vivo and generate TF-specific CTL capable of recognizing a variety of tumor cells in vitro including a MUC1-expressing tumor. (silverchair.com)

Since the immune response to antigen requires clonal proliferation, agents that block mitosis are effective inhibitors of the immune response. (nanomedicine.com)
Triggering of the T3-Ti receptor complex induces a rapid increase in free cytoplasmic Ca2+ and gives rise to specific antigen-induced proliferation through an autocrine pathway involving endogenous interleukin-2 production, release and subsequent binding to interleukin-2 receptors. (ox.ac.uk)

We use two evaluation datasets consisting of known HIV CTL epitopes and their source proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

The most general pre-nanomedical method to suppress immune system acute responsiveness is called antigen nonspecific immunosuppression. (nanomedicine.com)

The degree to which allografts undergo rejection depends partly on the degree of similarity or histocompatibility between the donor and the recipient. (medscape.com)
The implication of these results would be that myeloma-specific T cell subfamilies might be positively selected from the donor inoculum and infused to myeloma patients post ASCT, to afford separation of allo- from tumor-reactive T cells without the prior need to define specific target antigens. (biomedcentral.com)
Once the graft has escaped the initial acute phase rejection reactions, a cumulative unresponsiveness to the graft develops as the recipient is continually exposed to donor MHC, a stable state that sometimes depends on the development of antigen-specific T-suppressor cells [ 371 , 5349 - 5354 ]. (nanomedicine.com)

If a pathogen breaches these barriers, the innate immune system provides an immediate, but non-specific response. (wikidoc.org)

She has made contributions to immunology by observing the interactions between T cells and Y chromosome antigens. (wikipedia.org)

The crystal structure of human and murine T cell receptors (TcRs) specific for immunodominant viral peptides presented to cytotoxic T cell (CTL) suggests that the central region of the peptide is critical for TcR contacts and that aromatic rings are accommodated in a small cavity determined by the variable CDR3 region of the TcR ( 7 , 8 ). (silverchair.com)
Outcomes for patients with melanoma have improved over the past decade with the clinical development and approval of immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint receptors such as programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4). (biomedcentral.com)

Antigen nonspecific methods include the use of cytotoxic drugs that interfere with all cell division in the body [ 383 ]. (nanomedicine.com)

The ontogeny, structure and function of the human T lymphocyte receptor for antigen and major histocompatibility complex. (ox.ac.uk)
Reliable predictions of Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes are essential for rational vaccine design. (biomedcentral.com)

TCR of CD8 T cells recognizes peptides of 8-9 amino acids in length (epitope) complexed with MHC class I. Peptide ligands differing from an epitope by one or two amino acids are thought to modulate the immune response specific to that epitope. (molcells.org)
Veelen, P.A. van & Ossendorp, F. (2022), Cancer-specific T helper shared and neo-epitopes uncovered by expression of the MHC class II master regulator CIITA. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Prednisone and prednisolone [ 386 ] act powerfully to suppress the inflammation accompanying a rejection crisis, and also appear to reduce the expression of class II histocompatibility antigens, thus reducing the immunogenicity of the transplant. (nanomedicine.com)
In fact, our preliminary studies using trinitrophenyl (TNP) as a hapten model, suggested that K b -restricted peptides haptenated in position 4 in 8 mers or position 5 in 9 mers induced a TNP-specific CTL repertoire whose TcR was poorly dependent on MHC class I contacts and highly degenerate ( 9 ). (silverchair.com)
Because of these encouraging results, we applied the same antigenic strategy to TACA-containing glycopeptides because induction of a degenerate T cell response against this class of tumor antigens may be of great advantage in cancer immunotherapy ( 10 - 12 ). (silverchair.com)
Genetic host risk factors include the D8/17 B-cell antigen and certain class II histocompatibility antigens. (merckmanuals.com)

Autoantibodies to minor cartilage-specific collagens (ie, types IX and XI) have been described. (medscape.com)

The lower level of genetic diversity at the Main Histocompatibility Complex is believed to possess contributed to this procedure. (pafrinhibitors.com)

Alongside him, she studied the immunology of graft rejection by observing the antigens found on grafts from male mice. (wikipedia.org)
Mice lacking C1q or C3 show accelerated rejection of minor H disparate skin grafts and resistance to induction of tolerance. (imperial.ac.uk)

However, some of the TCRs did overlap between the H60H- and H60-specific CD8 T cells, suggesting that H60H might modulate the H60-specific response. (molcells.org)
It is known that UCB can comprise Ag-specific T cells. (ashpublications.org)
The specific direct interaction of helper T cells and antigen-presenting B cells. (silverchair.com)
Proinflammatory islet antigen reactive CD4 T cells are linked with response to alefacept in type 1 diabetes. (immunetolerance.org)
Further insights on the roles of CD8 + specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
Tetramer staining was performed to determine the frequency and avidity of CD8 + T cells targeting the tumor-specific epitope GSW11 and confirmed with tetramer competition assays. (bmj.com)
Functional characterization of high and low avidity GSW11-specific CD8 + T cells was conducted using flow cytometry and bulk RNA-seq. (bmj.com)
Results Treatment success with anti-PD-1 was associated with the preferential expansion of low avidity (Tet lo ) GSW11-specific CD8 + T cells with Vβ TCR expressing clonotypes. (bmj.com)

Here we demonstrate that by using glycopeptides with high affinity for the major histocompatibility complex and glycosylated in a position corresponding to a critical T cell receptor (TcR) contact, it is possible to induce anti-TACA CTL in vivo. (silverchair.com)
The comparative analyses between the co-aligned sequences of the two viral populations is based on a sliding window approach of size nine for statistical significance and data application to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and T-cell receptor (TCR) immune response mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)

Overall primary concerns are: extrapolating human clinical studies, seeding durable effective T cell resident memory (Trm), population human leucocyte antigen (HLA) coverage, and the potential for T cell-mediated immune escape. (mdpi.com)
NetCTL is a web-based tool designed for predicting human CTL epitopes in any given protein. (biomedcentral.com)

Forty-two of 104 tetramer pos T-cell clones, isolated from 16 of 17 UCB samples, showed male-specific lysis in vitro. (ashpublications.org)

Histocompatibility antigens are encoded on more than 40 loci, but the loci responsible for the most vigorous allograft rejection reactions are on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). (medscape.com)

H60H challenge recruited broadly diverse TCRs to the specific response, shaping a TCR repertoire different from that of the natural H60 epitope. (molcells.org)

CD8 + CTL clones recognizing minor H antigens were isolated from five patients studied. (aacrjournals.org)

Recently the research findings from the laboratory and in experimental animals are translated to an early clinical study in which cancer patients are injected with and experimental tumor-specific peptide-conjugate vaccine. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Reliable predictions of immunogenic peptides can minimize the experimental effort needed to identify new epitopes to be used in, for example, vaccine design or for diagnostic purposes. (biomedcentral.com)

The response was CD4 help-depen-dent, demonstrating the potency of H60H as a cellular antigen. (molcells.org)
The response induced by the H60H cellular antigen was comparable to that induced by H60 in its peak magnitude and overall immune kinetics. (molcells.org)

MIH showed the best ability to distinguish cross-immunoreactive sequence pairs from non-cross-immunoreactive pairs of variants of the hepatitis C virus hypervariable region 1 (26,883 pairwise comparisons), and Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) binding peptides (n=181) from non-binding peptides (n=129). (cdc.gov)

In the present study, we developed a transgenic mouse (designated H60H Tg) expressing a variant of H60, designated H60H, in which the arginine residue at position 4 of the H60 epitope sequence (LTFNYRNL) is replaced by a histidine residue (LTFHYRNL). (molcells.org)

These results may provide a basis for the modulation of the H60-specific CD8 T-cell response. (molcells.org)
Of note, many of the treatments are used without research demonstrating therapeutic results specific to aphthous stomatitis. (medscape.com)

At least four other methods have been developed recently that likewise attempt to predict CTL epitopes: EpiJen, MAPPP, MHC-pathway, and WAPP. (biomedcentral.com)

In that position, he combines diagnostic histocompatibility testing with research. (umcutrecht.nl)
Bentham is offering subject-based scholarly content collections which are tailored to meet specific research needs. (benthamscience.com)

Our findings ascertain that DRB1*0402 plays a crucial role in the selection of specific self-peptides in DR4 PV. (biomedcentral.com)

Several other groups have likewise attempted to generate methods that enable CTL epitope identification. (biomedcentral.com)

Most importantly, they can minimize the experimental effort needed to identify epitopes. (biomedcentral.com)

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