SalmonellaBacillusStaphylococcusCampylobacterClostridiumListeriosisPathogensStrainsFoodborneLactic-acid bacInnocuaHaemophilusInfectionSerotype 4bBacterialOrganismPathogenic bacteriaIsolatesSerotypesBacteriumGenomeMeat productsReady to eat foodsMotileOutbreaksAbstractGenus nameBiofilmColiformsPersistSubspeciesMortalityFoodReactive oxygenClinicalMeningitisMolecularHumansStrainDetectionFoodsGram-positive
Salmonella6
- All phage clones tested from the second round of solution biopanning had higher specificity for L. monocytogenes 4b than for L. innocua and three other foodborne pathogens (Salmonella spp. (ulster.ac.uk)
- Listeria monocytogenes is net zoals Salmonella spp. (scriptieprijs.be)
- Simultaneously quantify & type with the innovative Thermo Scientific™ SureCount™ Salmonella species, Typhimurium and Enteritidis PCR Kit method. (thermofisher.com)
- Raw milk and milk products from cows, goats, and sheep continue to be a source of bacterial infections attributable to a number of virulent pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella species, Brucella species, and Escherichia coli O157. (aap.org)
- A 3-year targeted survey Footnote 1 analysed 714 samples of plant-based ice cream alternatives for the presence of the pathogens Salmonella species (spp. (canada.ca)
- Similarly, Salmonella and Yersinia species also invade cells but do not cause cell death. (medscape.com)
Bacillus4
- Although L. monocytogenes is actively motile by means of peritrichous flagella at room temperature (20−25 °C), the organism does not synthesize flagella at body temperatures (37 °C). The genus Listeria belongs to the class Bacilli and the order Bacillales, which also includes Bacillus and Staphylococcus. (wikipedia.org)
- L monocytogenes is a motile, non-spore-forming, gram-positive bacillus that has aerobic and facultatively anaerobic characteristics. (medscape.com)
- rhamnoides) and saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia) on Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus. (nih.gov)
- A related species called Bacillus cereus causes food poisoning mediated by toxins the bacteria produce. (livestrong.com)
Staphylococcus2
- Des isolats suspects de Staphylococcus ont d'abord été identifiés par l'analyse biochimique classique, puis les souches confirmées par amplification en chaîne par polymérase (29 isolats de S. aureus et 17 isolats de S. saprophyticus) ont été analysées pour déterminer leur sensibilité aux différents antimicrobiens. (who.int)
- After two quarters of data collection, the experimental endeavors yielded noteworthy reductions in the populations of various bacterial species, including Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (calpoly.edu)
Campylobacter1
- Pathogens that will be investigated include: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), Campylobacter species, and Listeria monocytogenes. (usda.gov)
Clostridium1
- Certain species of Clostridium bacteria induce disease by producing powerful toxins. (livestrong.com)
Listeriosis9
- Listeria monocytogenes is the species of pathogenic bacteria that causes the infection listeriosis. (wikipedia.org)
- An outbreak of listeriosis in Halifax, Nova Scotia, involving 41 cases and 18 deaths, mostly in pregnant women and neonates, was epidemiologically linked to the consumption of coleslaw containing cabbage that had been contaminated with L. monocytogenes-contaminated sheep manure. (wikipedia.org)
- Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a serious infection caused by eating food contaminated with the bacteria. (livestrong.com)
- Recently, antibiotic resistance among L. monocytogenes isolated from foods and the environment has increased, particularly for those antibiotics commonly used to treat listeriosis. (marlerclark.com)
- L. monocytogenes is considered to be a potential public health risk by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as this bacterium can easily contaminate ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and cause an invasive, life-threatening disease (listeriosis). (harvard.edu)
- A large, multi-province outbreak of listeriosis associated with ready-to-eat meat products contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2a occurred in Canada in 2008. (biomedcentral.com)
- PFGE has been adopted by PulseNet as the internationally standardized method for molecular subtyping of L . monocytogenes and has been essential in the detection and investigation of listeriosis outbreaks in Canada and worldwide [ 18 - 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Consumption of food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes can cause listeriosis, a serious infection that primarily affects older adults, persons with weakened immune systems, and pregnant women and their newborns. (foodsafetynews.com)
- In the wake of last summer's nation-wide listeriosis outbreak a joint Health Canada-CFIA working group was formed to recommend regulatory changes to reduce the risk posed by listeria. (thepigsite.com)
Pathogens1
- Among the Gram-negative cocci, two specific bacterial species stand out as important human pathogens. (livestrong.com)
Strains10
- L. monocytogenes serotype 4b strains are responsible for 33 to 35% of sporadic human cases worldwide and for all major foodborne outbreaks in Europe and North America since the 1980s. (wikipedia.org)
- L. monocytogenes strains from the urban and rural watersheds were the most and least desiccation-resistant, respectively. (dal.ca)
- However, the antibacterial efficacy varied with bacterial species and strains. (nih.gov)
- Therefore, monitoring changes in the antibiotic resistance of L. monocytogenes due to the continuing emergence of resistant strains is needed. (marlerclark.com)
- There is concern that L. monocytogenes strains will continue to acquire antibiotic resistance from shared genetic materials and environmental persistence, making severe illness harder to treat. (marlerclark.com)
- indicated that antibiotic resistance was more commonly observed for L. monocytogenes in RTE foods than in processing environment samples, describing a co-selection phenomenon in which repeated exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of some antimicrobials (i.e. ciprofloxacin) may produce derivative strains possessing increased tolerance to the respective selective agent as well as increased tolerance to other antibiotics. (marlerclark.com)
- Two newly identified genetic loci, dltABCD and phoPR, were selected for deletion analysis and both ΔdltABCD and ΔphoPR bacterial strains displayed biofilm formation defects in the PVC microtiter plate assay, confirming these loci contribute to biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes. (harvard.edu)
- There are 13 known serotypes of L. monocytogenes but the vast majority of human disease cases are caused by strains belonging to serotypes 4b, 1/2a, and 1/2b, severely limiting the utility of this subtyping method for differentiating L. monocytogenes [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Within L. monocytogenes , sequences homologous to gtcA were found in all serogroup 4 isolates but not in strains of any other serotypes. (asm.org)
- Although several serotypes of L. monocytogenes are present in the environment and in foods, the majority of infections are caused by strains of serogroup 1/2 (mostly serotypes 1/2a and 1/2b) and 4 (almost always serotype 4b) ( 6 , 35 ). (asm.org)
Foodborne2
- L. monocytogenes was not identified as a cause of foodborne illness until 1981, however. (wikipedia.org)
- Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen known to colonize surfaces, form antimicrobial-resistant biofilms, and resist environmental stresses such as desiccation, helping it persist in food processing environments. (dal.ca)
Lactic-acid bac1
- The relevance of the profile of lactic acid bacteria found in this type of cheese was assessed, and the antimicrobial activity of these identified bacteria against Salmonel a enterica, S. aureus and L. monocytogenes was analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
Innocua4
- L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, and L. seeligeri were isolated from both watersheds. (dal.ca)
- Initially, three rounds of surface biopanning against gamma-irradiated L. monocytogenes serovar 4b cells were performed followed by an additional surface biopanning round against L. monocytogenes 4b which included prior subtraction biopanning against gamma-irradiated L. innocua cells. (ulster.ac.uk)
- In an attempt to further enhance binder specificity for L. monocytogenes 4b two rounds of solution biopanning were performed, both rounds included initial subtraction solution biopanning against L. innocua. (ulster.ac.uk)
- Listeria innocua, another similar species also found in food environments, more commonly displays antibiotic resistance and can be valuable for research. (marlerclark.com)
Haemophilus2
- Compared with conventional microbiological approaches, real-time PCR (rtPCR) has been shown to accurately differentiate NTHi from Haemophilus haemolyticus , a closely related species that is generally considered to be nonpathogenic. (medscape.com)
- Cases of bacterial meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis , group A Streptococcus , and Listeria monocytogenes should be reported to CDC's National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System under the disease codes specific for these organisms. (cdc.gov)
Infection6
- Although clinical descriptions of L. monocytogenes infection in both animals and humans were published in the 1920s, it was not recognized as a significant cause of neonatal infection, sepsis, and meningitis until 1952 in East Germany. (wikipedia.org)
- The frequency of L monocytogenes infection is 2.9 cases per million population, with higher incidences in elderly individuals and pregnant women. (medscape.com)
- Listeria accounts for 19% of all deaths due to food-borne infection. (medscape.com)
- This section of the course concentrates on where Listeria can be found and how the infection is caused. (sofht.co.uk)
- Although healthy individuals may suffer only short-term symptoms such as high fever, severe headache, stiffness, nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea, Listeria monocytogenes infection can cause miscarriages and stillbirths among pregnant women. (fda.gov)
- however, Listeria infection is often severe and life threatening in pregnant women. (medscape.com)
Serotype 4b1
- We have identified a novel gene, gtcA , involved in the decoration of cell wall teichoic acid of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b with galactose and glucose. (asm.org)
Bacterial3
- A number of bacterial species in the broad category of Gram-negative rods can cause human infections, which range in severity and site of the body affected. (livestrong.com)
- While whole genome sequencing has led to the identification of biofilm synthesis gene clusters in many bacterial species, bioinformatics has not identified the biofilm synthesis genes within the L. monocytogenes genome. (harvard.edu)
- Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that can cause severe disease in humans, other mammals and birds [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Organism2
- Murray referred to the organism as Bacterium monocytogenes before Harvey Pirie changed the genus name to Listeria in 1940. (wikipedia.org)
- Listeria species can include Listeria monocytogenes an organism which can cause serious and sometimes fatal infections in young children, frail or elderly people, and others with weakened immune systems. (fda.gov)
Pathogenic bacteria2
- Pathogenic bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes , which has a high fatality rate of approximately 17%, become a threat in products that are not protected from, or properly treated to reduce contamination [ 1 ]. (iospress.com)
- and L. monocytogenes are pathogenic bacteria while total coliforms and ACC are indicators of the overall hygienic and sanitary conditions under which the samples have been produced, processed, stored, and transported. (canada.ca)
Isolates5
- The 13 serotypes of L. monocytogenes can cause disease, but more than 90% of human isolates belong to only three serotypes: 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b. (wikipedia.org)
- Over 670 presumptive Listeria isolates collected from an urban and a rural Nova Scotia watershed were identified through sequencing of the 16S rRNA and/or sigB genes. (dal.ca)
- High-throughput pyrosequencing of two L. monocytogenes isolates was used to rapidly provide the genome sequence of the primary outbreak strain and to investigate the extent of genetic diversity associated with a change of a single restriction enzyme fragment during PFGE. (biomedcentral.com)
- Notably, these two isolates were found to harbor a 50 kbp putative mobile genomic island encoding translocation and efflux functions that has not been observed in other Listeria genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
- Given the widespread occurrence of L. monocytogenes , subtyping of clinical and food isolates is required to establish epidemiologic links during routine surveillance, outbreak investigations, and for source tracking. (biomedcentral.com)
Serotypes2
Bacterium3
- Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium, in the phylum Bacillota, named after Joseph Lister. (wikipedia.org)
- Electron micrograph of an artificially colored Listeria bacterium in tissue. (medscape.com)
- An Introduction to Listeria Listeria (pronounced liss-STEER-ē-uh) is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium that can grow under either anaerobic (without oxygen) or aerobic (with oxygen) conditions. (justia.com)
Genome1
- Sub-objective 3.3: Investigation of genome evolution of L. monocytogenes exposed to long-term nutrient-limiting, non-selective stress condition. (usda.gov)
Meat products1
- The working group has come up with different factors that are being proposed as components in controlling the risk posed by listeria in ready-to-eat meat products and these include the mandatory testing by operators of food contact surfaces for listeria species or listeria monocytogenes as well as making product testing based on risk presented by products applicable to all federally registered establishments. (thepigsite.com)
Ready to eat foods1
- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service have established a zero tolerance for L. monocytogenes , meaning no detectable level is permitted in ready to eat foods including minimally processed fresh fruits and vegetables [ 3, 4 ]. (iospress.com)
Motile1
- Motile via flagella at 30 °C and below, but usually not at 37 °C, L. monocytogenes can instead move within eukaryotic cells by explosive polymerization of actin filaments (known as comet tails or actin rockets). (wikipedia.org)
Outbreaks1
- This section of the course covers how outbreaks of Listeria can be caused by poor food manufacturing or food handling. (sofht.co.uk)
Abstract2
- abstract = "The objective of this study was to produce phage display-derived binders with the ability to distinguish Listeria monocytogenes from other Listeria spp. (ulster.ac.uk)
- For an article about several species of the same genus, the genus must be spelled out only in the title and at first use in the abstract, text, tables, and figures. (cdc.gov)
Genus name1
- 1 genus begins with the same letter in an article, the full genus name must be spelled out the first time it is used with a new species. (cdc.gov)
Biofilm4
- The fitness of each species was evaluated through motility, biofilm, desiccation and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) assays. (dal.ca)
- To identify genes necessary for L. monocytogenes biofilm formation, we performed a transposon mutagenesis library screen using a recently constructed Himar1 mariner transposon. (harvard.edu)
- Approximately 10,000 transposon mutants within L. monocytogenes strain 10403S were screened for biofilm formation in 96-well polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microtiter plates with 70 Himar1 insertion mutants identified that produced significantly less biofilms. (harvard.edu)
- The identification of mutants bearing insertions within several flagellar motility genes previously known to be required for the initial stages of biofilm formation validated the ability of the mutagenesis screen to identify L. monocytogenes biofilm-defective mutants. (harvard.edu)
Coliforms1
- L. monocytogenes, total coliforms, and ACC. (canada.ca)
Persist2
- This research provides greater insight into natural reservoirs of pathogenic Listeria and the factors that help Listeria persist in food processing plants. (dal.ca)
- L. monocytogenes can persist within food processing environments for long periods of time, due in part to its ability to grow at wide-ranging temperatures and pH (0.4°C to 45°C, pH 4 to 9.6) and the ability to form biofilms promoting adherence to food processing surfaces [ 8 - 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Subspecies1
- Italicize species, variety or subspecies, and genus when used in the singular. (cdc.gov)
Mortality1
- Unless recognized and treated, Listeria infections can result in significant morbidity and mortality. (medscape.com)
Food10
- Listeria monocytogenes can infect the brain, spinal-cord membranes and/or the bloodstream of the host through the ingestion of contaminated food such as unpasteurized dairy or raw foods. (wikipedia.org)
- L. monocytogenes-specific binders were obtained which could have potential application in novel detection tests for L. monocytogenes, benefiting both the food and medical industries. (ulster.ac.uk)
- Objective 3: Molecular analysis of Listeria monocytogenes' responses to biotic and abiotic stresses encountered in food and food-processing environments. (usda.gov)
- This course will examine the practical identification, management and control of Listeria species in a food, dairy or beverage processing environment. (sofht.co.uk)
- It looks at a case study that shows a recalling of food products due to Listeria contamination. (sofht.co.uk)
- Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, food-borne pathogen of humans and animals. (harvard.edu)
- L. monocytogenes can be introduced into food processing facilities and food products due to cross-contamination with environmental sources or from the feces of food production animals. (biomedcentral.com)
- The Altus, OK-based Bar-S Foods Co., late Tuesday recalled more than 372,000 pounds of chicken and pork hot dogs and corn dogs that may be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). (foodsafetynews.com)
- CANADA - The Canadian Food Inspection Agency expects final recommendations for regulatory changes that will reduce the risk of food becoming contaminated by listeria by the end of March, writes Bruce Cochrane. (thepigsite.com)
- In addition to that CFIA will increase its level of product testing and will reinstate food contact surface testing for listeria monocytogenes. (thepigsite.com)
Reactive oxygen1
- Cell differentials were performed and the production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes was measured. (cdc.gov)
Clinical1
- Nevertheless, clinical diseases due to L. monocytogenes are more frequently recognized by veterinarians, especially as meningoencephalitis in ruminants. (wikipedia.org)
Meningitis1
- Due to its frequent pathogenicity, causing meningitis in newborns (acquired transvaginally), pregnant mothers are often advised not to eat soft cheeses such as Brie, Camembert, feta, and queso blanco fresco, which may be contaminated with and permit growth of L. monocytogenes. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular2
- 4] "Molecular and physiological analysis of the role of osmolyte transporters BetL, Gbu, and OpuC in growth of Listeria monocytogenes at low temperatures. (tcdb.org)
- Sub-objective 3.2: Investigation of molecular responses of L. monocytogenes exposed to modiffied atmosphere packaging (MAP) in chicken meats using transcriptomics. (usda.gov)
Humans2
- Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive, facultative intracellular pathogen that is widespread in the environment and capable of causing severe infections in humans and animals. (asm.org)
- 4, 18] Of the six species of Listeria, only L. monocytogenes(pronounced maw-NO-site-aw-JUH-neez) causes disease in humans. (justia.com)
Strain2
- The aim of this work was to study the growth and survival of ATR L. monocytogenes strain Scott A in media acidified with malic acid, lactic acid, or blueberry extract. (iospress.com)
- Researchers have found that Listeria monocytogenes have varying resistance to certain antibiotics, depending on the strain. (marlerclark.com)
Detection1
- which may have potential utility to enhance detection of Listeria monocytogenes. (ulster.ac.uk)
Foods1
- Bar-S Foods notified FSIS' Dallas District Office earlier on Tuesday of its intention to recall five chicken and pork hot dog and corn dog products that could potentially be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. (foodsafetynews.com)