Species host specificity. Medical search. Frequent questions

Studying the differences between strains allows to better apprehend the biology of the pathogens and the specificity of some strains. (inrae.fr)
The host specificity of bacterial pathogens and the genetic basis of susceptibility are also considered. (cshlpress.com)
A primary focus of Sharon's research is assessing the performance of shellfish species and their pathogens in a changing marine environment, assessing the impacts of environmental parameters associated with meteorological extremes, pathogen range/host expansion and evolution (genetic and morphology). (ucc.ie)
Pathogens were identified as Beauveria bassiana, B. pseudobassiana, Zoophthora radicans, Aspergillus flavus, and an unidentified species from the family Entomophthoraceae. (iobc-wprs.org)
Each individ- cluding immune cells, but also the was previously cal ed the gastroin- ual harbours hundreds of different metabolic and nervous systems), testinal flora or microflora, the more species, most of which have not and protecting against pathogens pragmatic term "microbiota" is now yet been cultured. (who.int)

Specificity: This antibody reacts with purified albumin and only with the albumin of human serum. (leebio.com)

Transfer of LS chromosomes between otherwise genetically isolated strains explains the polyphyletic origin of host specificity and the emergence of new pathogenic lineages in F. oxysporum . (nature.com)
Fusarium species are among the most diverse and widely dispersed plant-pathogenic fungi, causing economically important blights, root rots or wilts 1 . (nature.com)
Other chapters are devoted to the pathogenic mechanisms of specific bacterial species (e.g. (cshlpress.com)

We reared 2857 morphologically similar flies found as larvae inside tissues of 24 species of vines belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. (usda.gov)
The effect of nutrition and body size of host beetle larvae on successful rearing of the Eadya parasitoids comes just in time. (nzffa.org.nz)
Larvae smaller than smallest paropsine host. (nzffa.org.nz)
Abstract: Entomophaga maimaiga is an important host-specific fungal pathogen of gypsy moth larvae in North America. (iobc-wprs.org)
Botflies lay their eggs near rabbit burrows or other small animal dens, where the larvae can easily latch onto a host. (whatsthatbug.com)
After some time, the larvae drop off the host to complete their life cycle, forming pupae before emerging as adult botflies. (whatsthatbug.com)

To this end, we carried out systematic comparisons on 11 strains representing the diversity of the species complex. (inrae.fr)
We used DNA sequence data to investigate species diversity of fruit flies attacking plants in the melon family in the Neotropics. (usda.gov)
Explanations for the diversity of tropical herbivorous insects often focus on patterns of host specificity. (usda.gov)
Patterns inferred from morphospecies collected on plant surfaces could underestimate both host specificity and diversity. (usda.gov)
We suggest that neotropical herbivorous insect diversity is not a simple function of plant diversity, but also reflects the morphological complexity and geographic distributions of hosts, and the great age and area of the Neotropics. (usda.gov)
Diversity and host plant-use in North American Phytomyza holly leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae): colonization, divergence, and specificity in a host-associated radiation. (usda.gov)
His research focuses on diversity and distributions of marine macroalgae, where he addresses questions ranging from purely descriptive taxonomic studies to more ecologically oriented studies forecasting the distribution of species in relation to environmental changes. (marinespecies.org)
Next to descriptive taxonomic work, he's intrigued by the effect of recent technological developments (e.g DNA-sequencing technology) on our understanding of algal species boundaries, global diversity estimates, biodiversity patterns and current taxonomic practices. (marinespecies.org)
A more recent line of interest concerns our focus on the interplay of algal community structure, evolutionary relatedness of the composing species and functional trait diversity. (marinespecies.org)
The enormous diversity of Lake Tanganyika with its cichlid and non-cichlid fish species flocks and its importance as cradle and reservoir of ancient fish lineages seeding other radiations, has resulted in a significant body of literature in the fields of biodiversity and evolution. (muni.cz)
Parasitism is the most common lifestyle on Earth in terms of species diversity, and it is established in speciation biology that parasites are prone to radiate. (muni.cz)
My scientific research focused on unravelling the mechanisms of plant-microbe interactions with a particular emphasis on the effect of drivers of global change such as land use intensity, climate change, as well as plant species identity and genetic diversity on the plant associated and rhizosphere soil microbiomes. (ufz.de)
Research Topic: Molecular diversity and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with indigenous tree species in a mountain forest in Ethiopia. (ufz.de)
Detection of haplosporidian protistan parasites supports an increase to their known diversity, geographic range and bivalve host specificity. (ucc.ie)
Thines M , Kummer V (2013) Diversity and species boundaries in floricolous downy mildews. (senckenberg.de)

Conversely, speciation in the monogenean Gyrodactylus (Gyrodactylidae), owing to its unique life history and colonization strategy, is more influenced by host-switching. (muni.cz)
Our results indicate that the abundance of Stx could be affected by cattle breed and sampling year, suggesting that host genetics and environment may influence STEC colonization of the recto-anal junction of feedlot cattle. (frontiersin.org)

The Bayesian posterior estimate for sensitivity was 89.6 (95% PI: 79.9-95.8), 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3-99.1), and 94 (95% PI: 87.8-97.5) and for specificity was 84.5 (95% PI: 68-94.98), 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7-98.8), and 88.5 (95% PI: 81-93.8) for RBT, I-ELISA, and CFT, respectively. (hindawi.com)
In this study I-ELISA was found with the best sensitivity and specificity estimates 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3-99.1) and 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7-98.8), compared to both CFT and RBPT. (hindawi.com)

Parasite speciation as an overlooked cause of species richness in ancient lakes: the case of monogenean cichlid parasites of Lake Tanganyika. (muni.cz)
Therefore, these parasites constitute prime "markers" for coevolutionary processes and host taxonomy and evolution. (muni.cz)
Investigating other host lineages demonstrated that monogeneans followed different speciation pathways in other cichlid tribes, e.g. lacking the host-specificity found for tropheine Cichlidogyrus parasites. (muni.cz)
Examples of parasites that manipulate the behavior of their hosts are not hard to come by, but scientists have only recently begun to understand how they induce such dramatic changes. (the-scientist.com)
Although researchers have observed countless examples of parasites hijacking the autonomy of their hosts, only now are they beginning to understand how the parasites tinker with numerous systems within the host, ultimately changing the host's behavior in grotesque and horrific ways. (the-scientist.com)
To record parasites these five avian species were placed kept in separate cages at Avian Conservation and Research Center, Department of Wildlife an Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. (bvsalud.org)
100 fecal and 100 blood samples for each bird species were inspected to analyze internal parasites. (bvsalud.org)

The definition states that probiotics are "live strains of strictly selected microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. (hindawi.com)

Finally, we generated mutants lacking the quorum-sensing-dependent regulator PhcA in four diverse strains, and we showed that the phcA- dependent trade-off between growth and production of virulence factors is conserved across the R. solanacearum species complex. (inrae.fr)
Pathogenicity and Virulence of Ebolaviruses with Species- and Variant-specificity. (cdc.gov)

We found evidence of 52 species feeding on the flowers and fruit of plants in the melon family with most fly species specializing on plant part (flower vs fruit), plant sex (male flowers vs female flowers), and plant species. (usda.gov)
This pest has two common names (pink mealybug and hibiscus mealybug), but there is an effort to standardize the common name by calling the pest 'pink hibiscus mealybug,' even though it attacks many plant species, including citrus. (ufl.edu)
Because pink hibiscus mealybug attacks so many crop and ornamental plants, populations could become common on many plant species in Florida. (ufl.edu)
Pink hibiscus mealybug feeds on the soft tissues of many plant species and injects a toxic saliva that causes curling and contortion of leaves (Figure 5). (ufl.edu)
In oceanic islands, such as the Ogasawara Islands, high percentage of dioecious sex expression (male and female are separate individuals) is observed though most of flowering plant species are hermaphlodite. (nii.ac.jp)
In this study, sex expression and pollinator animals which may strongly affect the sex expression of plants were investigated by comparing those between the plant species of the Ogasawara Islands and their ancestral species growing in Southeat Asia (Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam) and the Pacific Islands (the Mariana, Palau and Marquesas Islands). (nii.ac.jp)

Majority of influenza A viruses reside and circulate among animal populations, seldom infecting humans due to host range restriction. (springer.com)
A large number of influenza A viruses naturally reside in avian species where they constantly circulate and evolve. (springer.com)
Most influenza A viruses are restricted to their host species, having limited capability to cross species barrier and infect a new host. (springer.com)

With the advent and advancement of DNA based molecular studies over the last few decades, species, genera, families and orders of Ascomycota have been subjected to rapid taxonomic changes. (researchgate.net)
Notes for species, genera and up-to-date records of Italian ascomycetes with accounts on different hosts and substrates are described here. (researchgate.net)
We have discovered new species, genera and even families in the past and will continue our efforts to understand the evolution of this group using cutting edge methods, including genomics, functional assays, as well as population genetics, phylogenetics, and classical methods, like microscopy and taxonomic studies. (senckenberg.de)

The type species of the genus Sarcoscypha, S. coccinea has been known by many names since its first appearance in the scientific literature in 1772. (wikipedia.org)
Sarcoscypha coccinea is the type species of the genus Sarcoscypha, having been first explicitly designated as such in 1931 by Frederick Clements and Cornelius Lott Shear. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular analyses proved that 21 of 133 (15.8%) mite pools were positive for Orientia species, all of them belonged to the genus Herpetacarus. (unboundmedicine.com)
Ten species are recognized within the genus Brucella . (hindawi.com)
Co-speciation and within-host speciation caused this genus to surpass the species richness of its host radiation. (muni.cz)
The species of this genus are exclusively inhabitants of deep sea. (scielo.br)
Identify yeast species isolated from unexposed, exposed and HIV-carrier children, and verify the effectiveness of low power laser photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the yeasts species belonging to the Candida genus. (bvsalud.org)

Prior information generated on the sensitivity and specificity of bovine brucellosis from published data was used in the model. (hindawi.com)

Several influenza proteins have been shown to be major determinants in host tropism. (springer.com)
In this study, computational models for 11 influenza proteins have been constructed using the machine learning algorithm random forest for prediction of host tropism. (springer.com)
0.916) capable of determining host tropism of individual influenza proteins. (springer.com)
In addition, features from all 11 proteins were used to construct a combined model to predict host tropism of influenza virus strains. (springer.com)
Understanding and predicting host tropism of influenza proteins lay an important foundation for future work in constructing computation models capable of directly predicting interspecies transmission of influenza viruses. (springer.com)
This macromolecular assembly comprises more than 20 conserved proteins that form a series of ring-like structures and a needle-shaped protrusion, which allows the transport of proteins into a host cell. (lu.se)

However, for these avian (av) viruses to efficiently replicate in mammalian cells, host adaptation of the viral polymerase is necessary. (nature.com)
Analysis of this HA gene shows that it is closely related to avian A(H5) viruses in HA clade 2.3.4.4b and lacked amino acid changes that improve recognition of mammalian receptors or fusion of the viral membrane with the host endosomal membranes. (cdc.gov)
Host and viral determinants of influenza A virus species specificity. (kegg.jp)

The aim of the present work was to detect and determine the prevalence of chiggers on different rodent species captured in probable sites for the transmission of orientiae responsible for scrub typhus on Chiloé Island in southern Chile and to molecularly examine collected chiggers for the presence of Orientia DNA. (unboundmedicine.com)
Chiggers were detected on all seven rodent species with a 55% prevalence rate. (unboundmedicine.com)
Single cestode species Raillietina echinobothrida having parasitic prevalence of 72% and 3 protozoan species i.e. (bvsalud.org)

Combining molecular sequence data and morphological identification, we discovered high host-specificity in monogeneans belonging to Cichlidogyrus (Ancyrocephalidae) parasitizing tropheines. (muni.cz)
Runge F, Ndambi B, Thines M (2012) Which morphological characteristics are most influenced by the host matrix in downy mildews? (senckenberg.de)

For infants as being present in most individuals, body sites and including 151 repre- that are vaginally delivered, the initial but with different relative abundanc- sentative gastrointestinal species gut microbiota resembles the moth- es. (who.int)

E. maimaiga thus might pose a threat to such insect species. (iobc-wprs.org)
Therefore, our study systems often include multiple plant- and insect species that form small interaction networks. (lu.se)

Apical periodontal infection has been associated with 200 bacterial species, and 500 bacterial species have been reported with marginal periodontitis. (medscape.com)

In the last eight years, we have introduced many novel fungal taxa with numerous new host and country records of ascomycetous microfungi from Italy. (researchgate.net)
These fungal species were collected from more than 300 host species in terrestrial habitats of different provinces in Italy. (researchgate.net)

Different parasite communities in parapatric host populations of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). (mpg.de)
The environmental conditions in this upwelling region may have induced this population of A. spinimanus to show different characteristics and behaviors from other populations on the Brazilian coast, since alterations linked to the periods of reproduction and recruitment, as well as the population structure and distribution, may reveal different survival strategies of the species. (scielo.br)
A sibling species, the root-mining weevil Mogulones crucifer was released in Canada in 1997 and is showing impressive success in reducing houndstongue populations to benign. (cabi.org)

Phylogenetic analysis shows the species to be most closely related to other Sarcoscypha species that contain numerous small oil droplets in their spores, such as the North Atlantic island species S. macaronesica. (wikipedia.org)

In 1862, Davaine concluded that ingested embryonated eggs produced ascariasis and that the infected host would produce eggs in feces that could pass the infection to another host. (medscape.com)
Only when a microorganism has successfully established a site of infection in the host does disease occur, and little damage will be caused unless the agent is able to spread from the original site of infection or can secrete toxins that can spread to other parts of the body. (nih.gov)
A number of systemic diseases can reduce host defense mechanisms, leading to reductions in phagocytic activity, pulmonary clearance, and circulation, with these factors contributing to oral infection. (medscape.com)

Mirzaee MR, Ploch S, Runge F, Telle S, Nigrelli L, Thines M (2013) A new presumably widespread species of Albugo parasitic to Strigosella spp. (senckenberg.de)

The results are very promising so far as experts in insect behaviour would expect to see some parasitoids trying to attack closely related non-target beetle species, especially when presented with no other choices within the artificial confines of small petri dishes within a laboratory. (nzffa.org.nz)

Brucellae are Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacteria that can infect many species of animals and man. (hindawi.com)

We hypothesize that the relatively low mobility of rock-dwelling cichlids, and the particular host and parasite biology jointly mediate parasite biodiversity, a hitherto disregarded component of the famed species richness of the African Great Lakes. (muni.cz)
We collaborate closely on most projects, which allows us to use our complementary expertise and perspectives to understand how ecological and evolutionary processes, including species interactions, can generate novel biodiversity. (lu.se)

In the first stage, a new host is exposed to infectious particles shed by an infected individual. (nih.gov)

Aside from their differences in host adaptation and specificity, Fusarium species also vary in reproductive strategy. (nature.com)
Avian influenza polymerase undergoes host adaptation in order to efficiently replicate in human cells. (nature.com)
A host transcription regulator ANP32A, comprising a long C-terminal intrinsically disordered domain (IDD), is responsible for this adaptation. (nature.com)

With the huge influenza A virus reservoir in wild birds, it is a cause for concern when a new influenza strain emerges with the ability to cross host species barrier, as shown in light of the recent H7N9 outbreak in China. (springer.com)
Schistosoma mansoni miracidial host-finding: Species specificity of an Egyptian strain. (mpg.de)

The microbiome, the "other ge- species have no representative in nome" or "second genome" of the culture collections. (who.int)

5. Cats become infected after consuming intermediate hosts containing tissue cysts. (msdmanuals.com)

ABSTRACT All the strains grouped under the species Ralstonia solanacearum represent a species complex responsible for many diseases on agricultural crops throughout the world. (inrae.fr)

Chiggers showed low host specificity and varied according to site specific host abundance. (unboundmedicine.com)
This study assessed the abundance and expression of Stx genes and the expression of host immune genes, aiming to determine factors affecting these measures and potential gene markers to differentiate Stx gene expression in the recto-anal junction of feedlot beef cattle. (frontiersin.org)
A Principal Components Analysis indicated that environmental variables were strongly correlated with seasons, affecting the abundance of this species, which was high during summer and autumn. (scielo.br)

molecular identity and host plant. (usda.gov)
Open-field host choice tests and outdoor, caged multi-choice tests were conducted in Western Colorado, USA using native and invasive Tamarix material imported from South Africa, identified using molecular genotyping. (wits.ac.za)

The host specificity of these gastropods and their distributions in relation to those of relevant diadematids are shown and discussed. (hawaii.edu)

Here we present the comparative analysis of the genomes of these three species. (nature.com)
A catalogue of 178 reference bacterial birth, and the delivery type is the first core of species has been identified genomes distributed among different factor that has an impact. (who.int)

The development of a long-term vegetative cover and the rehabilitation of a mining-disturbed site relies on the presence of a soil microbial community composed of diverse species and genotypes. (cdc.gov)

Field work in Tasmania has found not one, but five different species of Eadya. (nzffa.org.nz)
The different species were found to parasitise different eucalypt leaf-feeding paropsine beetles. (nzffa.org.nz)
These low and high-resolution data sets originates from T3SSes from different species and can also be collected from other structurally homologous systems, such as the flagella. (lu.se)

Further host specificity testing on more non-target beetles is the plan for this summer. (nzffa.org.nz)
Later outdoor-caged trials found that the beetles alighted and laid eggs on T. usneoides, indicating the possible inclusion of T. usneoides in the host range of the agent. (wits.ac.za)

It mainly occurs within a region of the Asia-Pacific called the tsutsugamushi triangle, where rodents are known as the most relevant hosts for the trombiculid vector. (unboundmedicine.com)
During a total of 4,713 trap-nights, 244 rodents of seven species were captured: the most abundant was Abrothrix olivacea. (unboundmedicine.com)
Intermediate hosts in nature (eg, birds, rodents, wild game, animals bred for human consumption) become infected after ingesting infective materials. (msdmanuals.com)

In South Africa, two exotic Tamarix species have become invasive: T. ramosissima Ledeb. (wits.ac.za)
The host specificity of Diorhabda carinulata was tested in open-field multichoice tests as well as laboratory-based choice and no-choice tests using invasive target Tamarix species as well as the indigenous non-target T. usneoides. (wits.ac.za)
Diorhabda carinulata in outdoor, caged multi-choice trials initially showed preference for invasive target Tamarix species, but readily moved to the native T. usneoides upon removal of the target species from the array. (wits.ac.za)
Diorhabda carinulata will not be a suitable biological control agent against invasive Tamarix in South Africa in light of its ability to readily develop and oviposit on the native T. usneoides, as evidenced by a 233% higher relative suitability for this species over the baseline T. ramosissima, as well as the unsuitability of the South African environment. (wits.ac.za)
Control of invasive species is a critical component of conservation biology given the catastrophic damage that they can cause to the ecosystems they invade. (usgs.gov)

Additionally, the identified relationship between expressions of host immune genes and stx2 suggests that the host animal may regulate stx2 expression in colonizing STEC through immune functions. (frontiersin.org)

We developed a new bioinformatic pipeline to build high-quality metabolic networks and used a combination of metabolic modeling and high-throughput phenotypic Biolog microplates to look for the metabolic differences between 11 strains across the three species. (inrae.fr)

Our results confirm a high host specificity of E. maimaiga to Lymantria dispar. (iobc-wprs.org)
They exhibit a high degree of host specificity, which means they only parasitize a small number of host species . (whatsthatbug.com)

These innate immune responses use a variety of germline-encoded receptors to discriminate between microbial and host cell surfaces, or infected and normal cells. (nih.gov)

Nymphs also can walk considerable distances to find suitable host plants. (ufl.edu)

Biotic and abiotic factors influencing haplosporidian species distribution in the cockle Cerastoderma edule in Ireland. (ucc.ie)

Parasitic species recorded from fecal samples included 6 species of nematodes viz. (bvsalud.org)

The three species composing the species complex could be distinguished according to the presence/absence of some metabolic pathways, in particular, one involving salicylic acid degradation. (inrae.fr)

First records of the non-indigenous green algal species Siphonocladus tropicus (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) and Caulerpa integerrima (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea. (marinespecies.org)

Most infectious agents show a significant degree of host specificity , causing disease only in one or a few related species. (nih.gov)

Further understanding and determining host tropism would be important in identifying zoonotic influenza virus strains capable of crossing species barrier and infecting humans. (springer.com)
When used together as a host tropism prediction system, zoonotic strains could potentially be identified based on different protein prediction results. (springer.com)

Some species, such as F. graminearum ( Fg ) and F . verticillioides ( Fv ), have a narrow host range, infecting predominantly the cereals ( Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)

In our lab group, we acknowledge that most species interactions evolve in site-specific networks of multiple coevolving species, and that each interaction is likely shaping suites of traits on both sides of the interaction. (lu.se)

Anatomy2

Organisms32

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care8

Pathogens5

Reacts1

Pathogenic3

Larvae6

Diversity15

Colonization2

ELISA2

Parasites7

Microorganisms1

Virulence2

Plant species6

Influenza A viruses3

Genera3

Genus7

Bovine1

Proteins6

Viral3

Prevalence3

Morphological2

Microbiota1

Insect species2

Bacterial species1

Fungal2

Populations3

Phylogenetic1

Infection3

Widespread1

Closely related1

Infect1

Biodiversity2

Particles1

Adaptation3

Strain2

Genome1

Tissue1

Abstract1

Abundance3

Molecular2

Relation1

Genomes2

Diverse species1

Different species3

Beetles2

Rodents3

Invasive5

Genes1

Differences1

High2

Surfaces1

Suitable1

Abiotic1

Parasitic1

Complex1

Indigenous1

Degree of host1

Zoonotic2

Predominantly1

Evolve1