Mechanistically, the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex prematurely associates with DNA lesions within ruptured micronuclei during interphase, which poises pulverized chromosomes for clustering upon mitotic entry. (nature.com)
Mitosis3
As each chromosome contains a single centromere, it remains unclear how acentric fragments derived from shattered chromosomes are inherited between daughter cells during mitosis 6 . (nature.com)
Here we tracked micronucleated chromosomes with live-cell imaging and show that acentric fragments cluster in close spatial proximity throughout mitosis for asymmetric inheritance by a single daughter cell. (nature.com)
Here we show that pulverized chromosomes from micronuclei spatially cluster throughout mitosis and identify the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex as an essential regulator of this process. (nature.com)
Nuclear1
Chromosome 21 aneuploid cells constitute ∼4% of the estimated one trillion cells in the human brain and include non-neuronal cells and postmitotic neurons identified by the neuronspecific nuclear protein marker. (jneurosci.org)
Distinct2
Thus, distinct patterns of chromothripsis can be explained by the spatial clustering of pulverized chromosomes from micronuclei. (nature.com)
These studies implicate a potential mechanism suppressing the loss of genetic material after chromosome pulverization, although how distinct patterns of rearrangements arise in cancer and germline disorders remains unclear. (nature.com)
Cell3
Sequencing of daughter cell pairs derived from micronucleated mother cells demonstrated that complex rearrangements are indeed a common outcome of micronucleus formation. (nature.com)
Here, using double-label fluorescence in situ hybridization for the autosome chromosome 21 (chromosome 21 point probes combined with chromosome 21 "paint" probes), along with immunocytochemistry and cell sorting, we present evidence for chromosome gain and loss in the human brain. (jneurosci.org)
Cell sorting and immunocytochemistry. (jneurosci.org)
Loss2
Aneuploidy is defined as the loss and/or gain of chromosomes to produce a numerical deviation from multiples of the haploid chromosomal complement ( King and Stansfield, 1990 ). (jneurosci.org)
Toward determining the presence of constitutional aneuploidy in the human brain, we report here an analysis of the frequency of chromosome 21 gain and loss among neurons and non-neuronal cells isolated from the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of normal individuals ranging from 2 to 86 years of age. (jneurosci.org)
Probes11
Multidirectional chromosome painting, using probes from homologs to chromosome 1 in seven mammal species from six orders of placental mammals, confirm the gene-mapping results and indicate that the multiple human chromosome 1 homologs in these species are derived from independent fissions of a single ancestral chromosome. (nih.gov)
Chromosome painting using human chromosome 1 probes identifies a single human chromosome 1 homolog in phylogenetically distant taxa, the two-toed sloth, cetaceans, and higher primates. (nih.gov)
The euchromatin conservatism was shown by comparative chromosome painting with stone marten probes in newly built maps of the sable and pine marten. (bvsalud.org)
Generation of MCB probes for chromosomes of other species, useful and required in many cytogenetics research fields, was limited by technical difficulties. (biomedcentral.com)
MCB probes are established by chromosome microdissection followed by whole genomic DNA amplification. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we present a complete workflow for MCB probe generation for those cases and species where chromosome morphology is too challenging to recognize target chromosomes by conventional methods and where WCP probes are not available. (biomedcentral.com)
However, application of human MCB probes on chromosomes of evolutionarily distant species is challenging, and often not feasible. (biomedcentral.com)
This created the necessity of generating MCB probes for the chromosomes of other species, potentially interesting from the cytogenetic point of view. (biomedcentral.com)
Chromosomal4
X chromosomes in Cervidae evolved through complex chromosomal rearrangements of conserved segments within the chromosome, changes in centromere position, heterochromatic variation, and X-autosomal translocations. (bvsalud.org)
To track chromosomal rearrangements during Cervidae evolution, we summarized new data, and compared them with available X chromosomal maps and chromosome level assemblies of other species. (bvsalud.org)
We show that chromosomal rearrangements on the X-chromosome in Cervidae occur at a higher frequency than in the entire Ruminantia lineage: the rate of rearrangements is 2 per 10 million years. (bvsalud.org)
Developing ordered gene maps from multiple mammalian species coupled with chromosome-painting data provide a powerful resource for resolving the evolutionary history of chromosomes and whole genomes. (nih.gov)
The diverse phylogenetic occurrence of a single Hsa1 synteny among the major clades of placental mammals suggests that human chromosome 1 represents an intact ancestral chromosome, which was variously fissioned in the majority of placental species. (nih.gov)
This paper describes the preparation of flow-sorted chromosome paints from the Iberian Rock lizard Iberolacerta monticola, exemplifying their subsequent use in cross-species comparisons of chromosome painting. (bvsalud.org)
We carried out comparative analyses of chromosome evolution in the congeneric species I. galani and I. bonnali, as well as in two other species of Lacertini (Lacerta schreiberi and Timon lepidus) whose sex chromosomes were also studied through comparative genomic hybridization. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, very conspicuous differences from the standard Lacertini karyotype were observed in the three Pyrenean species of this genus, which included several biarmed metacentrics and a Z1Z2W multiple sex-chromosome system. (bvsalud.org)
With the possible exception of L. schreiberi, all the species of the family Lacertidae described to date appear to share homologous Z chromosomes, which date back to the last common ancestor of the whole group. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, we show that the multiple sex-chromosome system of the Pyrenean species of Iberolacerta originated from the fusion of the ancestral W chromosome with one of the shortest autosomes, and provide additional evidence of the fast evolution of DNA sequences linked to the W chromosome in Lacertini. (bvsalud.org)
The family Cervidae is the second most diverse in the infraorder Pecora and is characterized by variability in the diploid chromosome numbers among species. (bvsalud.org)
Ancestral1
In this work, we recapitulate the evolutionary history of human chromosome 1 and its homologs in placental mammals, putatively the largest physical unit in the ancestral placental genome. (nih.gov)
Genome1
Constitutive-heterochromatin placement in the genome affects chromosome structure by occupying centromeric areas and forming large blocks. (bvsalud.org)
Demonstrate3
Precise definition of translocation exchange breakpoints in human, carnivore, cetartiodactyl, and rodent-ordered gene maps demonstrate that chromosome breakpoints, previously considered as equivalent, actually represent distinct chromosome positions and exchange events. (nih.gov)
We provide conclusive evidence that L. schreiberi should no longer be considered an exception to this rule, and demonstrate that the loss of microchromosomes in Iberolacerta was produced by their fusion to a middle-sized chromosome. (bvsalud.org)
We demonstrate the types of rearrangements that may have underlined the variability of Cervidae X chromosomes. (bvsalud.org)
Results2
The Y-autosome translocation results in the linkage of Y chromosome and wild-type phenotype because they are heterozygous, one other allele carrying a wild-type allele on their Y-translocated chromosome and the other mutant allele on their free autosome. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results are consistent with the idea that the default 3D architecture of the X chromosome forms the basis for regional differences in Xi heterochromatin stability. (nature.com)
Single1
By single-cell DNA replication sequencing, here we show that the entire Xi is reorganized to replicate rapidly and uniformly in late S-phase during X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), reflecting its relatively uniform structure revealed by 4C-seq. (nature.com)
Free1
Full of rainbow six siege bunny hop undetected free trial and water sports and all sorts of fun, the place is a great hangout for the athlete. (trafassi.nl)