Soot to climate. Medical search. Frequent questions

The latest research shows that soot particles produced as aerosols can be noticeably denser than the ones shown here. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Black carbon soot and black carbon aerosols are tiny particles of carbon and carbon compounds that easily float up into the atmosphere. (reasons.org)
Black carbon soot and aerosols are now present everywhere in Earth's atmosphere. (reasons.org)
Climatologists now know black carbon-aerosols and soot-is the major contributor. (reasons.org)
While worldwide greenhouse gas emissions are the dominant contributor to global warming and climate change, black carbon soot and black carbon aerosols play an important role. (reasons.org)
What other emissions are contributing factors to climate change (e.g., aerosols, CO, black carbon soot), and what is their relative contribution to climate change? (nationalacademies.org)
Some of these aerosols focus light on the soot, increasing its absorption. (earth.com)
However, the quantity of absorbed light depends on the size of the aerosols and how they coat the soot. (earth.com)
Single particle soot photometers (SP2) use laser-induced incandescence to detect aerosols on a single particle basis. (environmental-expert.com)
The reasons for any particular 'micro-climate' can be hugely varied - going from topography effects (altitude, rain shadows from nearby hills/mountains), surface conditions (the surface albedo, amount of open water, soil mositure) as well as degrees of urbanization (amount of tarmac vs. trees, and relevant to this post, amount of local aerosols). (realclimate.org)
Regardless of their origin, Arctic aerosols will definitely play a role in the future of climate change. (nationofchange.org)
Soot is a type of aerosol, aerosols being liquid or solid particles small enough to float, at least for a time, in the air. (encyclopedia.com)
recognized as causes of global climate change, but in the 1990s and early 2000s, aerosols were increasingly recognized as having a role in global warming . (encyclopedia.com)
Charcoal particles-which, together with soot, form the category of aerosols called "black carbon particles"-are produced in large quantities in China, India, and South Asian countries by the burning of wood and other organic matter for cooking. (encyclopedia.com)
Our research is motivated by the effects of atmospheric aerosols on climate, environment and human health. (lu.se)
Our focus areas include identifying effects from waste products, pesticides/herbicides, heavy metals, soot/aerosols, leaching of nutrients, eutrophication, micro/nanoplastics, and so-called "forever chemicals" such as PCBs and PFAS. (lu.se)

As the year began, in a last-minute move that surprised no one , the Trump administration ignored the advice of its own career scientists and made good on its polluter promises to leave federal limits for both smog and soot pollution at unchanged, inadequate, and unsafe levels - putting the health of tens of millions of people at risk. (cleantechnica.com)
The agency has issued updated science and policy reports on health harms from soot pollution , and has also undertaken revamped policy and scientific assessments for ozone smog pollution . (cleantechnica.com)
Based on these updated science assessments, public input, and input from a well-qualified group of technical experts, the Agency plans to propose standards for both smog and soot in 2022 , and take action on ozone pollution that crosses state lines , violating the "good neighbor" provisions of the Clean Air Act. (cleantechnica.com)
So just what is the difference between soot and smog? (michiganlcv.org)
How smog, soot, greenhouse gases, and other top air pollutants are affecting the planet-and your health. (nrdc.org)

In this study we attempt to optimize the method for measuring black carbon (BC) in snow and ice using a single particle soot photometer (SP2). (ccacoalition.org)
Wendl, I. A., J. A. Menking, R. Färber, M. Gysel, S. D. Kaspari, M. J. G. Laborde, & M. Schwikowski (2014) Optimized method for black carbon analysis in ice and snow using the Single Particle Soot Photometer , Atmos. (ccacoalition.org)

At a congressional hearing on Friday designed to lay the groundwork for an effort to delay critical EPA toxic pollution standards, Rep. Joe Barton (R-Texas) claimed that reducing emissions of toxic mercury, sulfur dioxide, and soot would not bring health benefits. (grist.org)
Soot, particularly diesel exhaust pollution, accounts for over one-quarter of the total hazardous pollution in the air. (wikipedia.org)
Long-term exposure to urban air pollution containing soot increases the risk of coronary artery disease. (wikipedia.org)
Air pollution emitted by residential biomass combustion is a known cause of adverse health effects, such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as adverse climate effects. (azocleantech.com)
Previously seen as a distraction from capping and reducing carbon dioxide, the nexus of air pollution and global warming is finally coming to the forefront of the climate-policy debate as evidence grows that so-called short-lived climate forcers like black carbon have big effects. (chinadialogue.net)
This week, NRDC and other health and environmental groups urged EPA to adopt stronger limits on soot air pollution . (cleantechnica.com)
Additional modeling was done on 459 lichen species to test the combined effects of air pollution and climate gradients (Geiser et al. (nps.gov)
Both have become buzzwords in the discourse about air pollution and climate change, but not many people can describe the differences between the two. (michiganlcv.org)
The newly released soot rule tightens allotted pollution from the Trump era, but fails to follow scientific guidelines that would adequately protect public health. (michiganlcv.org)
Corporations, utilities and all other entities must immediately take advantage of the Inflation Reduction Act to not only save lives from deadly pollution, but to stave off the worst effects of climate change. (michiganlcv.org)
California has stoked a global reputation for its attempts to slow climate change through a combination of strict mandates against pollution and financial incentives for green technology. (earth.com)
Even before the worst effects of climate change are upon us, wildfires are one of the major causes of pollution in America, with California, Washington and Oregon seeing some of the worst air pollution in the world during wildfires in recent years. (crosscut.com)
An overview of gas, pollution, and climate change. (nrdc.org)
Soot impacts human health directly, as a form of air pollution . (encyclopedia.com)
Worldwide, about a million deaths a year are caused by airborne particle pollution, mostly by soot. (encyclopedia.com)
The Arctic has few sources of pollution, but polluted air that moves to the Arctic from other parts of the world increases the amount of soot particles that affect the melting process. (lu.se)
Particles in the air like dust, dirt, soot, and smoke are one kind of air pollution called particulate matter. (cdc.gov)
For this study, the researchers tracked health problems linked to two forms of air pollution -- the nitrogen dioxide typically spewed by traffic and the fine particulate soot produced by vehicles and industry. (msdmanuals.com)
This research shows that the health disparities from exposure to these pollutants are larger than disparities in the exposures themselves, and that the disparities widened over the last decade even as pollution levels fell," said co-researcher Susan Anenberg , director of the George Washington University Climate and Health Institute. (msdmanuals.com)

Specifically, in the case of rapid action to slow catastrophic climate change, the best alternatives appear to be: methane and black carbon (otherwise known as soot). (scientificamerican.com)
When fossil fuels are not burned completely, they produce black carbon -- otherwise known as soot. (windows2universe.org)

In recent years, climate models quantified the major impact of contrail cirrus on Earth's radiative balance for the first time and airborne observations confirmed the relationship between the amount of emitted soot particles and the number of ice crystals in contrails . (dlr.de)
Although scientific understanding of contrail formation on emitted soot particles has advanced , the soot-to-contrail-to-cirrus cloud chain of events has remained on the list of pressing questions for research to this day due to a lack of understanding of the exact processes and any direct observational evidence. (dlr.de)
Turning conventional wisdom on its head, our research shows that aircraft-emitted soot particles previously frozen in contrails only exert a limited effect on cirrus clouds. (dlr.de)

Indeed, according to the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the cooling effect of white particles may counteract as much as about half of the warming effect of carbon dioxide. (project-syndicate.org)
Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. (skepticalscience.com)

Even better, by analyzing some 400 potential soot- and methane-emission control measures, the international team of researchers found that just 14 deliver 'nearly 90 percent' of the potential benefits. (scientificamerican.com)
Black carbon or soot is the next most potent climate-warming agent after CO2 and methane, despite a short lifetime of weeks, but its impact in climate models is still highly uncertain. (earth.com)
Soot particles have a very short life cycle in the atmosphere compared to greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane," Hope says "Still, soot particles are projected to be second only to carbon dioxide when it comes to anthropogenic climate impact. (sandia.gov)
California will begin regulating greenhouse gas emissions tied to dairy cows and landfills under legislation signed Monday by Gov. Jerry Brown, escalating state efforts to fight climate change beyond carbon-based gases to include methane and other pollutants. (earth.com)

Wildfires emit soot and organic particles that respectively absorb and scatter the sunlight to warm or cool the atmosphere to a varying net effect, depending on the composition of the smoke mixture," said study senior author Manvendra Dubey, an expert in climate, energy, and air quality research at the Los Alamos Lab. (earth.com)

A type of aerosol (small, airborne particle) consisting mostly of carbon: includes soot, charcoal, and some other dark organic particles. (encyclopedia.com)

As atmospheric physicist Veerabhadran Ramanathan of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, said of such efforts to reduce atmospheric soot a few years ago: 'If the world pays attention and puts resources to it, we will see an effect immediately. (scientificamerican.com)
To reach their conclusions, the researchers attempted to calculate the amount of sun-blocking atmospheric soot that a nuclear war could cause, potentially resulting in crop failures on a horrifying scale. (commondreams.org)
Most atmospheric soot is produced by diesel and gasoline engines. (encyclopedia.com)

We are conducting in-depth research on the surface properties of aerosol soot utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) at FinEstBeAMS," says Dr Le. (lu.se)
Dr Kim Cuong Le from Lund University is adjusting the soot aerosol generator at beamline FinEstBeAMS. (lu.se)

The law targets a category of gases known as short-lived climate pollutants, which have an outsize effect on global warming despite their relatively short life in the atmosphere. (earth.com)
This bill curbs these dangerous pollutants and thereby protects public health and slows climate change," the Democratic governor said in a statement. (earth.com)
In 2011, the United Nations Environment Program published a report comparing measures targeting soot particles and other so-called "short-lived climate pollutants" to measures reducing CO2, which showed that the former would achieve a more rapid decrease of global warming in the coming decades. (project-syndicate.org)
But a reduction in emissions of soot (and other short-lived climate pollutants) could alleviate the pressures on the climate in the coming decades. (project-syndicate.org)
Black carbon (BC), spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCP), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are carbonaceous pollutants affecting the climate, environment, and human health. (lu.se)

Earth has many processes that regulate carbon, atmospheric carbon dioxide, and its role in the carbon cycle and climate. (nasa.gov)
Carbon dioxide is not the only carbon-containing compound in the atmosphere that affects our climate. (nasa.gov)
By 2002, some scientists believed that black carbon particles, including soot and charcoal, might be the second-largest contributors to global warming after carbon dioxide . (encyclopedia.com)

Humanity has done little to address climate change. (scientificamerican.com)
As the power of black carbon to accelerate ice-melt becomes clearer, climate-change policymakers are giving more time to this long overlooked pollutant. (chinadialogue.net)
Global efforts to mitigate climate change are beginning to take aim at a once-obscure pollutant called " black carbon " in a shift that may bring policies to cool the planet to families preparing meals at home and farmers readying plots of land for planting. (chinadialogue.net)
Research indicates reductions could immediately help save ice and snow in the Arctic and the Himalayas, two areas of critical global importance that are proving particularly sensitive to climate change. (chinadialogue.net)
The discovery reveals the particles' surprisingly complex nanostructures and could ultimately aid the understanding of atmospheric processes important to climate change, as well as the design of cleaner combustion sources, from car engines to power plants. (wattsupwiththat.com)
These particulates adversely affect human health and contribute to climate change. (reasons.org)
2 It's also a significant contributor to climate change in all the world's regions. (reasons.org)
Are concentrations of greenhouse gases and other emissions that contribute to climate change increasing at an accelerating rate, and are different greenhouse gases and other emissions increasing at different rates? (nationalacademies.org)
Is human activity the cause of increased concentrations of greenhouse gases and other emissions that contribute to climate change? (nationalacademies.org)
How long does it take to reduce the buildup of greenhouse gases and other emissions that contribute to climate change? (nationalacademies.org)
Are greenhouse gases causing climate change? (nationalacademies.org)
In a study published this week in Nature Climate Change, she outlines all the ways to get there, including rules for more efficient flying, new technologies like low-carbon fuels and batteries, and more intensive efforts to remove carbon from the air that would go beyond canceling out aviation's CO2 emissions, accounting for all of the industry's warming effects. (grist.org)
Their work focuses on understanding the oxidation chemistry of organic carbon species critical to many processes, including those that control emissions of toxic combustion by-products that contribute to climate change. (sandia.gov)
So while climate change is part of daily conversation, it gets disguised as something else. (joannenova.com.au)
What really happened is that climate change is overused agitprop and people are tired of being beaten over the head with it. (joannenova.com.au)
In short, he is a climate change realist. (joannenova.com.au)
Just don't expect him to utter the words "climate change. (joannenova.com.au)
Apparently anyone who discusses weather problems or ecology could be painted, via some kind of fantasy, as a believer in disguise who is hiding the topic of climate change. (joannenova.com.au)
Last week, Mr. Palen, the farmer, was again talking weather - if not climate change - at a conference of no-till farmers in Salina, Kan. Sessions included "Using Your Water Efficiently," "Making Weather Work for You in 2017" and "Building Healthy Soil With Mob Grazing," a practice that helps to fertilize the land. (joannenova.com.au)
This also fits with my theory that 'climate change' is a dead dog topic on its way out. (joannenova.com.au)
When he became the magazine's editor two years earlier, he said, he had been warned, "Never use the words 'climate change. (joannenova.com.au)
Melting ice drives sea level rise and is one way wildfires near glaciers can exacerbate the effects of climate change. (kcur.org)
As for whether these rare Greenland fires are being caused by climate change, McCarty says it probably contributes, but she needs to study it more. (kcur.org)
The ice-albedo feedback can turn a small climate change into a big climate change. (windows2universe.org)
Looking for online content that can be used for a climate change education course or module? (windows2universe.org)
The campaigns are asking that school districts face the climate crisis, listen to students' needs and deliver on the campaign's promises to address climate change. (nationofchange.org)
Projections of future climate change. (ametsoc.org)
Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. (ametsoc.org)
But House Democrats said the Senate version excluded climate change considerations from its approach to foreign affairs. (rollcall.com)
In contrast, their draft bill would include provisions intended to improve interagency coordination on climate change, increase the State Department's emphasis on the issue and foster partnerships between financial institutions investing in clean energy. (rollcall.com)
The House version also would authorize $8 billion over two years for the Green Climate Fund, a U.N. effort to help emerging economies cope with climate change. (rollcall.com)
Top Democrats cast both versions of the bill as tools to combat the growing influence of China, the world's second-largest economy, over digital technology, climate change, trade and energy use, among other topics. (rollcall.com)
Unlike the Senate's bill, which the chamber passed by a vote of 68-32 last June and was a priority for Schumer, the House draft bill would place a heavy focus on steps to mitigate the impacts of climate change and help low-income countries prepare for a warmer world. (rollcall.com)
The legislation would create a coordinator of climate change resilience position at the State Department to oversee development of a 10-year strategy for mitigating global climate change impacts. (rollcall.com)
The blazes appear to also be accelerating climate change by depositing soot and ash on sea ice. (newscientist.com)
The governor and Democratic-controlled Legislature have significantly expanded the effort this year to combat climate change. (earth.com)
determining how airborne particles such as dust and soot that settle on massive glaciers alter how snow and ice melt, which could affect climate change as well as local water supplies. (scientificamerican.com)
And with climate change, more wildfire smoke is coming. (crosscut.com)
As North America faces increasingly long, hot, dry summers because of climate change, the number of deaths attributed to wildfire smoke could double by 2050 . (crosscut.com)
However, there's more to climate change than global temperature. (nationofchange.org)
All are linked to climate change. (nationofchange.org)
The concurrent trends on the actual impacts of climate change are equally troubling. (nationofchange.org)
Our indicators will allow policymakers and the public to better understand the magnitude of this crisis, track progress, and realign priorities to alleviate climate change. (nationofchange.org)
But mitigating and adapting to climate change will entail major transformations across all six areas. (nationofchange.org)
Individuals can make a difference by reducing meat consumption, voting for political parties and members of government bodies who have clear climate change policies, rejecting fossil fuels where possible, using renewable and clean sources of energy, reducing car and air travel, and joining citizen movements. (nationofchange.org)
explain why new thinking is needed to address a crisis closely linked to climate change and biodiversity loss. (project-syndicate.org)
What Are the Solutions to Climate Change? (nrdc.org)
Since its bipartisan beginnings, this bedrock law has helped keep our air clean, combat climate change, and protect public health. (nrdc.org)
Extreme weather, sea level rise, and other climate change impacts are increasingly to blame. (nrdc.org)
All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. (skepticalscience.com)
The crew numbered around 70, 40 of whom were doctoral students and researchers involved in projects concerning climate change in the Arctic. (lu.se)
Climate Change - Fast Carbon Slow Carbon - a film depicting the different carbon cycles, in which biological processes have a very fast cycle while other carbon is bound in geological processes that are much slower. (lu.se)
Are you interested in understanding the progression of climate change, in the evolution of civilisations or in reconstructing past extreme storms? (lu.se)

Scientists can now imagine being able to watch the evolution of soot formation in combustion engines from their molecular building blocks, or maybe even view the first steps of ice crystal formation in clouds," he said. (wattsupwiththat.com)
To examine the internal condition and soot distribution of the post-test AGR without damaging the device's gas flow-through channels, the scientists used neutron computed tomography at ORNL's High Flux Isotope Reactor, or HFIR. (scitechdaily.com)
Led by climate scientists at Rutgers University, the study examines six nuclear war scenarios: a conflagration involving the U.S., its allies, and Russia and five smaller-scale nuclear conflicts between India and Pakistan. (commondreams.org)
When you start quoting 'climate scientists' and the United Nations," wrote in one reader, Bill Clinger, a farmer based in Harpster, Ohio, "you are as nutty as Al Gore. (joannenova.com.au)
Climate science from climate scientists. (realclimate.org)
Scientists warn of soot effect on climate. (thamesvalleybirds.co.uk)
A small group of scientists met at the world's first climate conference in Geneva and raised the alarm about unnerving climate trends. (nationofchange.org)
Exactly 40 years ago , a small group of scientists met at the world's first climate conference in Geneva. (nationofchange.org)
Today, more than 11,000 scientists have co-signed a letter in the journal BioScience , calling for urgently necessary action on climate. (nationofchange.org)
This is the largest number of scientists to explicitly support a publication calling for climate action. (nationofchange.org)
In 2004, scientists attributed increased flooding in southern China and India and increased drought in the north in recent years to soot's regional affects on climate. (encyclopedia.com)
In 2007, other scientists made measurements showing that brown clouds of soot over the Indian Ocean absorbed enough solar energy to account for up to half of the climate warming seen in Asia in recent decades, which has been causing glaciers to melt in the Himalayas. (encyclopedia.com)

A new study from the University of Eastern Finland introduces a novel method to reduce particulate emissions: the high-temperature electric soot collector, HiTESC. (azocleantech.com)
Soot, on the other hand, refers to particulate matter that typically comes from power plants and other forms of heavy industry. (michiganlcv.org)

Filter the soot produced by incomplete combustion of diesel fuel in vehicles, and attempt to eliminate inefficient internal combustion engine vehicles entirely. (scientificamerican.com)
Worldwide, the transport sector contributes with about 20% of the emissions of black carbon (soot) that issued annually, of which close to 95% are contributed by the combustion of diesel. (ccacoalition.org)
The team is analyzing data from experiments at the LCLS that examined soot from diesel emissions as well as other types of airborne particles. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Measures aimed at accomplishing this could be particularly effective in countries where emission standards for diesel-fueled vehicles have not yet been introduced, and in countries, especially in Asia and Africa, where rural dwellings are heated by primitive stoves and food is prepared over open fires, causing large emissions of soot particles. (project-syndicate.org)
For example, in 2000, the California Air Resources Board estimated that 70% of California's total cancer risk due to airborne toxins was from diesel soot. (encyclopedia.com)
While particle dissolution rate and chemical composition are important physicochemical properties for the toxicity of many particles, they are basically unimportant for the dosimetry of PSP, such as carbon black, coal, diesel soot, talc, and titanium dioxide, that are the focus of this review. (cdc.gov)

Black carbon - or soot - emitted by vehicles, power plants, residential heating, and wildfires is a highly potent absorber of solar radiation that converts incoming light to atmospheric heating. (earth.com)
Wildfires could be pumping 3x more soot to the Arctic than. (nationofchange.org)

Gas-phase soot contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). (wikipedia.org)

Soot in very low concentrations is capable of darkening surfaces or making particle agglomerates, such as those from ventilation systems, appear black. (wikipedia.org)
Particle emissions into Earth's atmosphere affect both human health and the climate. (project-syndicate.org)

In addition to saving lives, stopping soot may also preserve endangered ecosystems, such as the mountain glaciers of the Himalayas and Karakoram or Arctic sea ice. (scientificamerican.com)
These scenarios are increasingly realistic, as catastrophic loss of ice in the Arctic has accelerated in recent years, well beyond the predictions of climate models. (chinadialogue.net)
Recent research suggests they directly impact weather and temperature and may be influencing changes in Arctic climate and biodiversity. (nationofchange.org)
How is the Arctic air and climate affected by soot particles? (ivl.se)
The icebreaker Oden sails between Svalbard and Greenland, and this spring, doctoral student Lovisa Nilsson, and a member of MERGE, joined the ship to study the transition from winter to summer in the Arctic, and how soot affects the melting of sea ice. (lu.se)
Lovisa Nilsson, doctoral student in combustion physics at the Faculty of Engineering (LTH), gathered data about soot particles in the arctic climate. (lu.se)
Soot on snow and ice in the Arctic makes the ground blacker and more likely to absorb sunshine, which means that the ice melts more quickly. (lu.se)
Effects of a warmer Arctic are not only negative for the climate. (lu.se)

Such soot loadings would cause decadal disruptions in Earth's climate, which would impact food production systems on land and in the oceans. (commondreams.org)
White particles, however, reflect some of the incoming sunlight back into space, producing a cooling effect on Earth's climate. (project-syndicate.org)
It led to the first systemic considerations of Earth's climate by Joseph Fourier in the 1820s. (skepticalscience.com)

The initial combustion releases a shower of particles - sulfur , nitrogen oxides, soot, and water vapor. (grist.org)

Soot as an airborne contaminant in the environment has many different sources, all of which are results of some form of pyrolysis. (wikipedia.org)
A new investigation using X-rays from the Linac Coherent Light Source has helped researchers better understand the structure of airborne soot particles. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Menlo Park, Calif. - Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have captured the most detailed images to date of airborne soot particles, a key contributor to global warming and a health hazard. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Soot and similar particles - especially those 2.5 microns or less in diameter, which are the most dangerous to human health - are difficult to image while airborne. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Other research methods have probed the fractal properties of soot, but the LCLS' ability to examine those of individual soot particles, airborne and in their natural state, revealed surprising diversity and complexity in their fractal dimensions. (wattsupwiththat.com)

Less than one in 100 soot particles exhibit significant ice activity. (dlr.de)
Like magnified snowflakes, soot particles exhibit similar patterns of complexity at different scales, which is characteristic of fractals. (wattsupwiththat.com)

In particular, the optical properties of dust are paramount in our understanding of a widespread class of systems, such as the influence of eolian dust on climate balance and remote sensing (Mishchenko et al. (springer.com)
While lakes eat away at ice in glacier ablation (melt) zones, dust and soot can enhance melting higher up, in accumulation zones where the glaciers grow. (scientificamerican.com)
In the field, this can be quantified by collecting physical samples of snow, filtering them for contaminants and then analyzing the filters back in the lab for dust and soot content. (scientificamerican.com)

Some climate models have predicted a very large global radiative imbalance (radiative forcing) due to aircraft-soot induced changes in the cirrus clouds. (dlr.de)
Radiative forcing is a measure used to quantify anthropogenic climate effects. (dlr.de)
The life cycle of contrails and aviation-induced cirrus, their radiative forcing and feedback on natural clouds have been studied by treating them as an independent cloud class in a climate model 8 . (nature.com)
Results are applicable to radiative transfer problems in climate, paleoclimate, star and planetary formation, and nanoparticle optical characterization for science and industry, including the intercomparison of different optical methods such as those adopted by ISO standards. (springer.com)

This will also help alleviate excessive soot accumulation to enhance AGR-enabled furnace performance. (scitechdaily.com)

After more than two decades of work to gain a better understanding of cirrus cloud and contrail formation and their representation in global climate models, my scientific research came full circle when I learned that laboratory measurements played a crucial role in solving the mystery of how and under what conditions soot particles form cloud ice crystals. (dlr.de)
The measurements show that the ice-forming ability of soot particles depends on the amount of time they remain in the atmosphere, and that ability strongly decreases with their size. (dlr.de)
The work may assist other researchers in interpreting data from soot measurements by providing the masses of oxygenated species formed during different combustion conditions. (sandia.gov)
Given its remoteness and distance from cities, it should provide good "baseline" measurements - any soot that we find likely will be the result of long-range transport. (scientificamerican.com)

My work in the 1990s showed that the physical properties of the white wispy trails aircraft trace across the sky are best explained by their soot emissions - black carbon particles and condensable substances like sulphuric acid produced during the combustion of fossil fuels such as kerosene. (dlr.de)

Even though only a tiny amount of the gases in Earth s atmosphere are greenhouse gases, they have a huge effect on climate. (windows2universe.org)
In our paper, we track a broader set of indicators to convey the effects of human activities on greenhouse gas emissions, and the consequent impacts on climate, our environment, and society. (nationofchange.org)

Black carbon (soot) is the byproduct of burning fuels like petroleum and coal. (nasa.gov)
With this knowledge, they can further understand the health and climate effects of soot from burning fuels for transportation or natural emissions. (lu.se)

Because black particles contain soot and absorb sunlight, they are believed to increase global warming. (project-syndicate.org)
they may either scatter or absorb solar radiation (sunlight, visible and invisible), and different types may have either a cooling or warming effect on global or local climate. (encyclopedia.com)
Soot, since it consists of black solid particles, is a strong absorber of sunlight and so has a warming effect on climate. (encyclopedia.com)
Also, because soot absorbs sunlight, it darkens the ground below: the sky is darkened in India and China so much by charcoal and soot particles that agricultural productivity is reduced by 10-20% compared to what it would be under naturally clear skies. (encyclopedia.com)

Those tiny, unhealthy bits of soot loom large for our collective health. (crosscut.com)

Soot (/sʊt/ suut) is a mass of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. (wikipedia.org)
Soot forms during incomplete combustion from precursor molecules such as acetylene. (wikipedia.org)
Soot particles, which typically form because of the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons, contain substantial hydrogen. (scitechdaily.com)

According to James Hansen of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Larissa Nazarenko of Columbia University , the darkening of snow albedo (reflectivity) by soot, especially in the Northern Hemisphere, may account for a fourth of observed global warming. (encyclopedia.com)

Exhaust contains a host of polluting particles, from soot to nitrogen oxides. (grist.org)
If politicians want to exhaust themselves debating the climate, that's their choice," Mr. Palen said, walking through fields of freshly planted winter wheat. (joannenova.com.au)

However, since soot is usually mixed with other substances, it has been difficult to estimate its effect on the climate. (earth.com)
Soot has a warming effect on the climate, both in the atmosphere and through the particles that fall to the ground. (lu.se)

If the aviation industry wants to do its part to help meet global temperature goals , it's better yet to think in terms of " climate -neutral," says Nicoletta Brazzola, a climate policy researcher at ETH Zurich. (grist.org)
Soot released from combustion sources is of global concern, as it causes premature deaths, global warming, and hydrological changes," says Olof Johansson (8353). (sandia.gov)
She has sat through committee meetings where climate skeptics, including the discredited scientist Wei-Hock Soon, blasted the science behind global warming. (joannenova.com.au)
GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. (ametsoc.org)
GFDL's ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon earth system models. (ametsoc.org)
The data suggests solar activity is influencing the global climate causing the world to get warmer. (skepticalscience.com)
These particles cause snow to absorb solar energy that would otherwise be reflected back out into space, thus tending to melt the snow and adding to the warming of global climate. (encyclopedia.com)
Even a "limited" nuclear war involving only 250 of the 13,000 nuclear weapons in the world could kill 120 million people outright and cause global climate disruption leading to a nuclear famine, putting 2 billion people at risk. (medscape.com)

Quantifying any such effects is necessary if we are to properly account for the influence of aviation on climate. (nature.com)
They found that current climate models generally overestimate how much radiation is absorbed by black carbon, leading to large uncertainties and biases in wildfire climate effects. (earth.com)
Hence, developing the understanding necessary to build cleaner combustion technologies that reduce the climate impact of soot would have almost immediate effects. (sandia.gov)

Our strategy was therefore to deliberately overestimate the influence of aircraft soot in our model in order to determine the maximum conceivable effect on cirrus formation. (dlr.de)

Sweep the soot out of the chimney. (english-for-students.com)

Soot is the primary cause of "ghosting", the discoloration of walls and ceilings or walls and flooring where they meet. (wikipedia.org)

Researchers have long been studying the different kinds of emissions in order to understand how air transport is altering the composition of the atmosphere, cloud cover and the climate. (dlr.de)
In this experiment, researchers wafted individual soot particles up to 3.25 microns in diameter into the path of the LCLS laser beam. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Researchers in Sandia's Combustion Research Facility (CRF) are developing the understanding necessary to build cleaner combustion technologies that will in turn reduce climate impact. (sandia.gov)
The massive smoke waves that engulfed the Pacific Northwest this month are likely only a start to a climate-fueled health crisis in the Pacific Northwest of staggering breadth and depth, InvestigateWest found after a year of reporting that involved reviews of dozens of scientific studies, interviews with researchers across the U.S. and Canada, and an independent analysis of a decade's worth of Seattle hospitalization data. (crosscut.com)

The molecules may influence cloud formation and have a significant climate impact if they end up on soot particles released from combustion sources. (sandia.gov)

Oxidation of the molecules and soot particles reduces soot formation. (wikipedia.org)

The "permanently" frozen earth at our planet's poles and in other cold climes is thawing, with big consequences to our climate, ecosystems, and health. (nrdc.org)

Previous studies have shown that soot's ability to absorb and hold water is greatly enhanced by the presence of oxygen on the surface of soot particles. (sandia.gov)

Neutron imaging and mapping after the AGR test provided details about how the flue gas flowed through the AGR, which revealed the heavy accumulation of soot particles in the middle of the catalyst," said ORNL's Yuxuan Zhang, a neutron instrument scientist at HFIR. (scitechdaily.com)

However, there are questions about aircraft soot emissions and cloud formation that still remain unanswered - some field data have indicated correlations between soot and natural cirrus clouds. (dlr.de)
Many details of soot formation chemistry remain unanswered and controversial, but there have been a few agreements: Soot begins with some precursors or building blocks. (wikipedia.org)

The formation of soot depends strongly on the fuel composition. (wikipedia.org)

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs21

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes29

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Humanities1

Health Care31

Geographicals3

Aerosols16

Smog5

Single particle soot photometer2

Pollution19

Otherwise known as soot2

Emitted soot particles3

Intergovernmental Panel2

Methane4

Emit soot1

Includes soot1

Atmospheric soot3

Aerosol2

Pollutants5

Carbon dioxide3

Change53

Scientists12

Particulate2

Diesel6

Wildfires2

Polycyclic aromatic hyd1

Particle2

Arctic8

Earth's3

Sulfur1

Airborne5

Particles exhibit2

Dust3

Radiative4

Alleviate1

Measurements4

Black carbon particles1

Greenhouse2

Fuels2

Sunlight4

Unhealthy1

Incomplete3

Nazarenko1

Exhaust2

Effect on the climate2

Global8

Effects3

Overestimate1

Chimney1

Discoloration1

Researchers4

Combustion sources1

Oxidation1

Ecosystems1

Absorb1

Accumulation1

Remain unanswered2

Depends1