Somatic cell dramatically cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

As cancer cell populations evolve, they accumulate a number of somatic mutations, resulting in heterogeneous subclones in the final tumor. (elsevierpure.com)
Setting options include how the cell division rate is determined, how daughter cells are placed, and how driver mutations are treated. (elsevierpure.com)
It was found that, even under neutrality (with no driver mutations), tumopp produced dramatically variable patterns of intratumor heterogeneity and tumor morphology, from tumors in which cells with different genetic background are well intermixed to irregular shapes of tumors with a cluster of closely related cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Somatic mutations are a hallmark of tumorigenesis and may be useful for non-invasive diagnosis of cancer. (nature.com)
Sequence alterations are abundant in cancer genomes but the proportion of fragments in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) that harbor tumor-specific (somatic) mutations is often low 8 , 9 , making it difficult to detect bona fide variants amidst background noise from sequence changes introduced in library construction and sequencing. (nature.com)
Here, we considered whether identifying somatic mutations genome-wide could enable the detection of an increased number of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) alterations and increase the detection of early stage disease. (nature.com)
About 90% of breast cancer cases are the result of one or more mutations incurred during the cell division process in the breast tissue. (wdxcyber.com)
23:36] You seem focused on DNA and somatic mutations. (medlink.com)
Recent work from our lab has pioneered the analysis of clonal somatic mutations as causes of disease, and we have revealed roles for somatic mutations in focal epilepsy, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. (medlink.com)
We have also analyzed rates of occurrence of somatic mutations in normal neural cells and revealed the ongoing accumulation of somatic mutations with age in single human neurons, even though these cells do not divide in adulthood. (medlink.com)

We carried out mosaic analysis to elucidate the functions of dMyc in the germline and somatic cells of the ovary during oogenesis, a process that involves cell proliferation, differentiation and growth. (biologists.com)
And it turned out they were dramatically different in differentiation. (sciencedaily.com)
Huang and Chang then looked at the proteins GATA1 and PU.1, transcription factors that normally favor differentiation into red and white blood cells, respectively. (sciencedaily.com)
Stem cell maintenance in the shoot is under the control of the CLAVATA-WUSCHEL (CLV-WUS) negative feedback-loop, which is tightly integrated with hormone function, in particular auxin and cytokinin that promote cell differentiation and proliferation, respectively 2 . (nature.com)
Because of their unique expression profile and special functions, miRNAs have been used as molecular markers to define the direction and processes of cell differentiation by regulating one or several target genes. (researchsquare.com)

Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. (biomedcentral.com)
The regulation of mammalian cell volume is crucial for maintaining key cellular processes. (bvsalud.org)

In contrast to its dramatic effects on growth and endoreplication,dMyc is dispensable for the mitotic division cycles of both germline and somatic components of the ovary. (biologists.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
Aurora B levels peak in early mitosis and then dramatically decline at mitotic exit. (smadpathway.com)
There are still other, non-apoptotic paths to cell death (necrosis, autophagy, mitotic catastrophe) that are gaining attention as barriers to transformation. (massgenomics.org)

They are usually distinguished from progenitor cells, which cannot divide indefinitely, and precursor or blast cells, which are usually committed to differentiating into one cell type. (wikipedia.org)
they are vastly outnumbered by the progenitor cells and terminally differentiated cells that they differentiate into. (wikipedia.org)
Most type II PNH cells (total lack of GPI-linked protein) are due to a frame shift mutation occurring in the early hematopoietic progenitor cells, resulting in same mutation in all blood cell lines. (medscape.com)

Near simultaneous fluorescence and DIC light microscopy reveals that the amount of γ-tubulin associated with the centrosome remains relatively constant throughout interphase, suddenly increases during prophase, and then decreases to interphase levels as the cell exits mitosis. (silverchair.com)
The dynamic exchange of centrosome-associated γ-tubulin occurs throughout the cell cycle, including mitosis, and it does not require microtubules. (silverchair.com)

As of 2016[update], the only established medical therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, first performed in 1958 by French oncologist Georges Mathé. (wikipedia.org)
They discovered the blood-forming stem cell, the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), through their pioneering work in mice. (wikipedia.org)
Long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) maintain hematopoietic output throughout an animal's lifespan. (biorxiv.org)
One sentence summary Murine hematopoietic stem cells display transcriptional heterogeneity that is quantitatively altered with age and leads to the age-dependent myeloid bias evident after inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
Donor cell-derived leukaemia (DCL) is an uncommon complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (lidsen.com)
Second-line chemotherapy regimens vary, depending on whether hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is being considered. (medscape.com)
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) was previously classified as purely an acquired hemolytic anemia due to a hematopoietic stem cell mutation defect. (medscape.com)

Each cell (except for red blood cells) contains a nucleus that houses these chromosomes. (cdc.gov)
The chromosomal constitution of cells which deviate from the normal by the addition or subtraction of CHROMOSOMES, chromosome pairs, or chromosome fragments. (lookformedical.com)
A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species. (lookformedical.com)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a cloning method that can be used to create a cloned embryo for the use of its embryonic stem cells in stem cell therapy. (wikipedia.org)
The first therapy using stem cells was a bone marrow transplant performed by French oncologist Georges Mathé in 1958 on five workers at the Vinča Nuclear Institute in Yugoslavia who had been affected by a criticality accident. (wikipedia.org)
Because cattle are a species widely used for nuclear transfer studies, and more laboratories have succeeded in cloning cattle than any other specie, this review will be focused on somatic cell cloning of cattle. (biomedcentral.com)
Somatic cell cloning (cloning or nuclear transfer) is a technique in which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated metaphase-II oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Various strategies have been employed to modify donor cells and the nuclear transfer procedure in attempts to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the efficiency of nuclear transfer has been dramatically improved from the initial success rate of one live clone born from 277 embryo transfers [ 1 ], none of the aforementioned efforts abolished the common problems associated with nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
These observations suggest that further studies on nuclear reprogramming are needed in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of reprogramming and significantly improve the ability of the differentiated somatic nuclei to be reprogrammed. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, cytoskeletal activation of NHE1 during SVI induces nuclear deformation, leading to DNA demethylation and a significant, immediate transcriptomic response in 3T3 cells, a phenomenon that is absent in HT1080 cells. (bvsalud.org)
Some new hypotheses were suggested as well, i.e., under the effect of particular biochemical and/or physical stressors, cancer cells can undergo nuclear expulsion with subsequent macrophage engulfment and fusion, with the formation of cancer fusion cells (CFCs). (explained.today)
In particular, he would not only continue George Bush's denial of federal funding for ESC research, but also criminalize somatic cell nuclear transfer, a procedure which yields stem cells that are genetically identical to a patient's own cells and thus immensely useful. (blogspot.com)

Even if cells are officially genetically identical and belong to the same clone, individual members of that population are quite different at any given time," says Huang. (sciencedaily.com)
Cancer occurs after cells are genetically altered to proliferate rapidly and indefinitely. (explained.today)

These alterations can result in the wide range of somatic and reproductive effects described in greater detail in Chapter 3. (cdc.gov)
However, this would require efficient detection of somatic changes in cfDNA, including those related to mutational signatures 24 , and the ability to effectively distinguish these from non-tumor-derived alterations. (nature.com)
To address these challenges, we developed an approach, called GEnome-wide Mutational Incidence for Non-Invasive detection of cancer (GEMINI), that can identify a much larger number of somatic alterations in cfDNA (Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
During aging, a decline in organ function can be traced to a loss of stem cell function due to increased cell turnover, depletion of stem cells, and alterations to the stem cell niche. (karger.com)

In their review " Natural and Adaptive Immunity to Cancer ", Vesely and colleagues draw from recent mouse models of cancer and human clinical data to describe how cells, effector molecules, and pathways of the immune system act to suppress and control tumor cells. (massgenomics.org)
The idea that the immune system might recognize and destroy tumor cells was conceived 50-100 years ago. (massgenomics.org)
After the tumor cells come to rest at another site, they re-penetrate the vessel or walls and continue to multiply, eventually forming another clinically detectable tumor. (explained.today)
When tumor cells metastasize, the new tumor is called a secondary or metastatic tumor, and its cells are similar to those in the original or primary tumor . (explained.today)
Then, after deciding on the cell line, the team injected tumor cells into the bodies of the mice, the paper explains. (normaleah.org)
As the tumor cells began to replicate, the team then injected the Lassa-VSV virus into the tumor clusters. (normaleah.org)
They observed that the virus infected the tumor cells very effectively yet did not harm the healthy cells that were present in other parts of the mice. (normaleah.org)
This observation prompted the researchers to compare the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents and the Lassa-VSV chimeric virus in clearing tumor cells from the mice's bodies. (normaleah.org)

Alternatively, cells that sense injury or loss of mitochondrial integrity may undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). (massgenomics.org)
Moreover, mitochondria control cell death through apoptosis and supply Ca 2+ and metabolites required for cellular homeodynamics [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Then, agomir-20b-5p and antagomir-20b-5p were transfected into MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells to detect cell migration, wound healing and proliferation, and lentivirus vectors silencing or overexpressing miR-20b-5p were transfected into T47D-CSCs to detect proliferation and apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)

Cells depend on their DNA for coding information to make various classes of proteins that include enzymes, certain hormones, transport proteins, and structural proteins that support life. (cdc.gov)
Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)
DNA carries the data for building proteins which ultimately control the development, structure and function of all the cells in your body. (wdxcyber.com)
Preeminent among these proteins are the cyclin dependent kinases, which upon binding to cyclins, phosphorylate numerous targets to trigger cell cycle progression. (smadpathway.com)
These proteins, including Aurora A and B, are serine/threonine kinases that are essential for cell division activities such as spindle construction, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis. (smadpathway.com)
Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
By degrading these proteins, cancer cells are able to breach the ECM and escape. (explained.today)
This classification was abandoned because of the observation that surface proteins were missing not only in the RBC membrane but also in all blood cells, including the platelet and white cells. (medscape.com)
The common denominator in the disease, a biochemical defect, appears to be a genetic mutation leading to the inability to synthesize the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that binds these proteins to cell membranes. (medscape.com)
Due to its location on the X chromosome, and due to X inactivation in female somatic cells, only one mutation is required in either males or females to abolish the expression of GPI-linked proteins. (medscape.com)

Stem cells are characterized by their ability to undergo self-renewal to maintain stem cell reserves, and, when required, to produce new, terminally differentiated cells. (karger.com)

Most of the cells in the body have two copies of every chromosome which means the cells also have two copies of every gene. (wdxcyber.com)
In a normally diploid cell (DIPLOIDY) the loss of a chromosome pair is termed nullisomy (symbol: 2N-2), the loss of a single chromosome is MONOSOMY (symbol: 2N-1), the addition of a chromosome pair is tetrasomy (symbol: 2N+2), the addition of a single chromosome is TRISOMY (symbol: 2N+1). (lookformedical.com)

WUS is a homeodomain transcription factor (TF) produced in the organizing center (OC) domain of apical meristems and is transported via plasmodesmata into the apical domain (called central zone, CZ) to promote proliferation of stem cells 3 . (nature.com)
MiRNAs can also control the self-renewal or proliferation of stem cells [9]. (researchsquare.com)

They began by examining populations of seemingly identical blood stem cells, and found that a cell marker of "stemness," a protein called Sca-1, was actually present in highly variable amounts from cell to cell -- in fact, they found a 1,000-fold range. (sciencedaily.com)

We tracked development from birth to 3 years of age in the slowest maturing organ, the brain, by measuring mass, neural stem cell proliferation, axonal, and dendritic maturation, synaptogenesis and myelination. (frontiersin.org)
We demonstrate that neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) self-renewal and spatiotemporal generation of neurons and other cell types are severely impacted by the loss of Ythdf2 in embryonic neocortex. (biomedcentral.com)

Blood stem cells with low levels of Sca-1 differentiated into red blood cell progenitors seven times more often than cells high in Sca-1 when exposed to erythropoietin, a growth factor that promotes red blood cell production. (sciencedaily.com)

The structure was refined with CNX combined with manual rebuilding in Quanta, and AP24534 was included in the occurrence after many cycles of model and refinement building, which then continued until convergence was reached. (smadpathway.com)
The occurrence of highly polymorphic mono- and dinucleotide MICROSATELLITE REPEATS in somatic cells. (lookformedical.com)

In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. (wikipedia.org)
The neoblasts are the only dividing cells in planarians and constantly proliferate to repair tissues and support systemic cellular turnover [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

While much work has focused on the failure of epithelial cell populations as a key component of the aging process, additional studies have shown that aging, as a global phenomenon in the lung, also impacts resident endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations. (karger.com)

Planarians are flatworms with large populations of stem cells capable of dividing to support adult tissue renewal and regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
Among these are traits that depend on functional meristems, populations of stem cells maintained by the CLAVATA-WUSCHEL (CLV-WUS) negative feedback-loop that controls the expression of the WUS homeobox transcription factor. (nature.com)

These have variable effectiveness in different tissues, with some tissue types retaining all of their senescent cells, suggesting that no initial clinical treatment is going to be perfect. (fightaging.org)
In large numbers senescent cells cause chronic inflammation and their collective signaling actively harms tissue structure and function. (fightaging.org)
We analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from 2,511 individuals in the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) study as well as 489 individuals from four prospective cohorts and found distinct regional mutation type-specific frequencies in tissue and cell-free DNA from patients with cancer that were associated with replication timing and other chromatin features. (nature.com)
This is supported by studies in knockout mice showing development of soft-tissue sarcomas, ovarian stromal cell tumors and a high sensitivity to carcinogenic treatments. (cancerindex.org)
Functional disruption of Smed-Akt alters the balance between cell proliferation and cell death leading to systemic impairment of adult tissue renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, Akt signaling regulates neoblast biology and mediates in the distribution of injury-mediated cell death during tissue repair in planarians. (biomedcentral.com)
Nonetheless, there is limited understanding of how Akt signaling controls the response of stem cells during cellular turnover and tissue injury in the complexity of the whole organism. (biomedcentral.com)
In multiple organs, including the lungs, age-related tissue and organ dysfunction interferes with tissue regeneration, which requires functional stem cells. (karger.com)
Stem cells of all organs - including the lung, which harbors distinct stem cells for each separate tissue that makes up the lung as a whole - reside in niches described as a microenvironment that supports and maintains the 'stemness' of cells as a critical reservoir for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)

Researchers at the Yale School of Medicine have tested a chimeric virus - containing genes from two different viruses - that can selectively infect and kill ovarian cancer cells in mice. (normaleah.org)
The two scientists decided to collaborate to find an alternative treatment for ovarian cancer through oncolytic viruses, which selectively infect and kill cancer cells. (normaleah.org)
During this phase, the team infected different ovarian cancer cell lines, eventually choosing the ones that were infected most frequently to proceed with the research. (normaleah.org)

These developmental defects have been attributed to incomplete reprogramming of the somatic nuclei by the cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
Developmental defects, including abnormalities in cloned fetuses and placentas, in addition to high rates of pregnancy loss and neonatal death have been encountered by every research team studying somatic cloning. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, in germline cysts in which the dm mutant cells comprised only a subset of the 16-cell cluster,we observed strictly cell-autonomous growth defects. (biologists.com)

The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)
Instead, it supports the idea that cells differentiate through the collective behavior of multiple genes in a network that ultimately leads to just a few endpoints -- just as a marble on a hilltop can travel a nearly infinite number of downward paths, only to arrive in the same valley. (sciencedaily.com)
Again, they found tremendous variability within the apparently uniform cell population: more than 3,900 genes were differentially expressed (turned "on" or "off") between the low- and high-Sca-1 cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Methylation in the coding region is reduced, however, in the synergid cells of the female gametophyte, where the CRP genes are specifically expressed. (biomedcentral.com)
We discuss this unusual methylation pattern and its alteration in synergid cells as well as the possible retrogene origin and evolutionary significance of CRP genes that are methylated like transposons. (biomedcentral.com)

Cell adhesion molecule-1 (CADM1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that functions as a tumor suppressor of lung tumors. (cancerindex.org)
Consistently, ablation of VCP markedly retarded growth of cultured PDAC cells and xenograft PDAC tumors. (aacrjournals.org)

In that same year, Siminovitch was a lead investigator for studies that found colony-forming cells were capable of self-renewal, which is a key defining property of stem cells that Till and McCulloch had theorized. (wikipedia.org)

Other recent studies verified the presence of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells of humans, monkeys, cattle, mice, and pigs. (bioone.org)

If there is something abnormal in the DNA then misinformation is dispensed to the cell which means a fault in the growth or function of that cell. (wdxcyber.com)
This study defined the role of Smed-Akt in abnormal cell proliferation triggered by the abrogation of the phosphatase PTEN, an upstream component of the Akt signaling pathway, which is highly mutated in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
[8] This means that if breast cancer metastasizes to the lungs, the secondary tumor is made up of abnormal breast cells, not of abnormal lung cells. (explained.today)

Recently, we described that the genome of S. mediterranea contains a single Akt ortholog termed Smed-Akt , which affects cell division and impairs planarian locomotion [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In a final step, Huang and Chang used microarrays to look at the cells' entire genome. (sciencedaily.com)
Genetic research that followed the Human Genome Project helped advance viral vectors and other gene-editing techniques that underlie a vibrant gene and cell therapy industry that continues to grow in the State. (americangene.com)

Research into stem cells grew out of findings by Canadian biologists Ernest McCulloch, James Till and Andrew J. Becker at the University of Toronto and the Ontario Cancer Institute in the 1960s. (wikipedia.org)
This is a well known problem in the cancer research community, a section of the medical establishment very focused on selectively killing cells. (fightaging.org)
Our work on single-cell genomics has resulted in an expansion of our research into brain aging and degenerative diseases. (medlink.com)
The Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund's 2018 Annual Report announced that Maryland was "at the forefront of the cell therapy market and [has] all the right assets to take the lead in this emerging industry, in particular, to fill the critical need of manufacturing. (americangene.com)
Senator John McCain has previously voiced support for federal funding of research on embryonic stem cells, research which has the potential to dramatically improve treatment of many illnesses. (blogspot.com)
In our previous research, we performed miRNA profiling between sorted CD44 + CD24 -/low BCSCs and the control MCF-7 breast cancer cells [8]. (researchsquare.com)

In line with this notion, mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo fission and fusion and move into the cell along the microtubules to generate the mitochondrial network [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The cells which constitute the tumor eventually undergo metaplasia , followed by dysplasia then anaplasia , resulting in a malignant phenotype. (explained.today)

In mammals, Akt is ubiquitously expressed and is associated with regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolism, cell growth and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
A key point was made about the use of cell-free translation systems to analyse protein synthesis in the absence of any cellular innate immunity-based translational control mechanisms. (microbe.tv)
With regards to the Dengue paper under discussion, (i) the results in BHK cells and (ii) the effects of the Jak inhibitor 1 upon the attenuated phenotype of both the hmin and NS3hmin viruses (in accord with the C16 Atkinson data), suggest attenuation occurs through an unknown component of a cellular stress response pathway - and does not support the hypothesis of attenuation arising from a defect in translation. (microbe.tv)
At the cellular level, aging is marked by depletion of adult stem cell reservoirs, the inability to maintain baseline homeostasis, a reduced response to stress, an increased accumulation of damaged DNA leading to telomere shortening, and mitochondrial dysfunction [ 1,2 ]. (karger.com)

A senescent cell stops replicating and secretes signals that both adjust the behavior of surrounding cells, making them more likely to become senescent, and make the senescent cell itself a target for destruction by the immune system . (fightaging.org)
Nonetheless, having too many senescent cells is a bad thing, and that is exactly what happens with advancing age: senescent cells that evade destruction linger indefinitely, and their numbers grow over time, especially once the immune system starts to decline in old age . (fightaging.org)

A number of direct and indirect radiation interaction pathways can produce damage to the DNA of irradiated cells. (cdc.gov)
The conventional view of how stem cells differentiate assumes that cells are "instructed" to progress along prescribed signaling pathways. (sciencedaily.com)
A new study suggests that the conventional view, which assumes that cells are "instructed" to progress along prescribed signaling pathways, is too simplistic. (sciencedaily.com)
In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)

However, somatic cloning has been inefficient in all species in which live clones have been produced. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, interest in ZmWUS 's stem cell promoting properties has resurfaced due to their use in efficient transformation systems for maize and other recalcitrant plant species 12 , 13 . (nature.com)
Increases in the amount of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells during follicular development occurs in some but not all species, indicating that other proteases or protease inhibitors may be involved in IGFBP degradation. (bioone.org)

Germline and somatic follicle cells mutant for dm exhibit a profound decrease in their ability to grow and to carry out endoreplication,a modified cell cycle in which DNA replication occurs in the absence of cell division. (biologists.com)

In vivo, they eventually differentiate into all of the body's cell types (making them pluripotent). (wikipedia.org)
These data are the first to characterize the dynamics of centrosome-associated γ-tubulin in vertebrate cells in vivo and to demonstrate the microtubule-independent nature of these dynamics. (silverchair.com)
The effect of miR-20b-5p on xenograft growth was investigated in vivo by transfection of a lentivirus-overexpression vector into T47D cells. (researchsquare.com)

To determine how this molecule behaves during the cell cycle, we have established several vertebrate somatic cell lines that constitutively express a γ-tubulin/green fluorescent protein fusion protein. (silverchair.com)

These were termed induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells reside at the growing tip of meristems, where they differentiate to produce new organs throughout the life of plant and maintain a constant reservoir of pluripotent stem cells. (nature.com)

This organism is well known for its stem cell-based regenerative capability. (biomedcentral.com)
Lung failure due to aging can be traced to loss of lung stem cell regenerative capacity within the distinctive stem cell niches found within each compartment of the lung. (karger.com)

Basal cell carcinoma for example rarely metastasizes. (explained.today)

Unlike CG methylation in gene bodies, which does not dramatically affect Pol II transcription, combined CG and non-CG methylation in CRP coding regions is likely to contribute to gene silencing in leaves because loss of this methylation in synergid cells is associated with CRP gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)

The process of isolating these cells has been controversial, because it typically results in the destruction of the embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Schematic diagram of the somatic cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
Clearing cells isn't a magical clean sweep of a process: a dead cell leaves behind debris and lot of frantic signaling in its last moments, and in volume that can be far worse than just leaving the cells alone. (fightaging.org)
The findings also help explain why the process of differentiating stem cells into specific lineages in the laboratory has been highly inefficient. (sciencedaily.com)
Cells already have an array of intrinsic defense mechanisms that halt the transformation process. (massgenomics.org)

Currently, three main theories have been proposed to explain the metastatic pathway of cancer: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) hypothesis (1), the cancer stem cell hypothesis (2), and the macrophage-cancer cell fusion hybrid hypothesis (3). (explained.today)

This editorial highlights the relevance of interfering in cancer cell progression through the pharmacological manipulation on the cell metabolism of cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP, and on the intracellular Ca2+ signaling, which may avail the reduction of toxic effects promoted by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, thus decreasing the incidence of interruption in antitumoral treatment. (researchgate.net)

McCulloch and Till began a series of experiments in which bone marrow cells were injected into irradiated mice. (wikipedia.org)
They observed lumps in the spleens of the mice that were linearly proportional to the number of bone marrow cells injected. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple different methods have been demonstrated to selectively kill senescent cells in mice, including the genetic engineering approach used a few years ago and the various senolytic drug candidates discovered more recently. (fightaging.org)
Senescent cell clearance treatments could be made much more efficient than the prototypes demonstrated so far in mice. (fightaging.org)

Metastasis involves a complex series of steps in which cancer cells leave the original tumor site and migrate to other parts of the body via the bloodstream, via the lymphatic system, or by direct extension. (explained.today)

This paucity is likely due to the ubiquitous nature of this signaling pathway and the difficulty of analyzing stem cells in their natural environment during physiological cell turnover and regeneration in conventional animal models [ 15 - 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This mechanism is absent in certain cancer cell lines such as HT1080 and MDA-MB-231, where volume regulation is dominated by intrinsic response of ion transporters. (bvsalud.org)

When the genetic information containing the "blueprint" for these substances is disrupted, cell homeostasis is disrupted, resulting in a wide-range of immediate and/or delayed toxicological effects. (cdc.gov)

Cells are collected from donor (a) and cultured in vitro (b). (biomedcentral.com)
A matured oocyte (c) is then enucleated (d) and a donor cell is transferred into the enucleated oocyte (e). (biomedcentral.com)
Most of these efforts are focused on donor cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
Key components supplier CX-4945 of these paths are protein kinases that are critical for the appropriate time of each cell cycle stage. (smadpathway.com)
To do so, malignant cells break away from the primary tumor and attach to and degrade protein s that make up the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM), which separates the tumor from adjoining tissues. (explained.today)

This is probably a defense against cancer, removing from play those cells most likely to become cancerous. (fightaging.org)
It defends against a constant barrage of external threats - bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens - and, as I've recently learned, protects against an intrinsic threat: cancerous cells. (massgenomics.org)

Oncogenic miR-20b-5p was confirmed to promote the malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells and BCSCs. (researchsquare.com)

By 1998, human embryonic stem cells were first isolated by American biologist James Thomson, which made it possible to have new transplantation methods or various cell types for testing new treatments. (wikipedia.org)

The somatic cell and the oocyte is then fused (f) and the embryos is allowed to develop to a blastocyst in vitro (g). (biomedcentral.com)

They are the earliest type of cell in a cell lineage. (wikipedia.org)
16:30] Tell us about your studies of brain development--tracking cell lineage and barcoding. (medlink.com)
Our lab is well suited to mentor trainees in the Neuroscience T32 Training program because of our longstanding interest in (1) genetics of human brain disorders, (2) cell lineage in human brain, and (3) single-cell genomic technologies. (medlink.com)

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