• The apical-most epithelial intercellular junction, i.e., the tight junction, regulates paracellular solute and ion permeability. (jove.com)
  • Glucose diffuses into ASL via paracellular pathways at a rate determined by paracellular permeability and the transepithelial glucose gradient. (ersjournals.com)
  • This triggered an increase in paracellular permeability via cellular redistribution of claudin 3 (CLDN3) from TJs into cell nuclei followed by disruption of epithelial integrity and formation of epithelial lesions. (springer.com)
  • Despite the increased paracellular permeability, there were no changes in gross epithelial cell morphology as determined by scanning EM. (rupress.org)
  • Lidocaine decreases permeability to sodium ions in neuronal membranes. (medscape.com)
  • 2016. A set of examples is presented in Figure 1 to show how changes in a single channel or transporter species (one permeability coefficient or rate constant) can alter the intracellular concentrations of all major ions, cell water content and the MP. (researchgate.net)
  • Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, Scn10a forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. (thermofisher.com)
  • This resting potential is determined by the concentration gradients of 2 major ions, Na + and K + , and the relative membrane permeability to these ions (also known as leak currents). (medscape.com)
  • The concentration gradients are maintained by the sodium/potassium ATP pump (in an energy-dependent process) that transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, because the nerve membrane is permeable to potassium ions and impermeable to sodium ions, 95% of the ionic leak in excitable cells is caused by K + ions in the form of an outward flux, accounting for the negative resting potential. (medscape.com)
  • Initially, sodium ions gradually enter the cell through the nerve cell membrane. (medscape.com)
  • The entry of sodium ions causes the transmembrane electric potential to increase from the resting potential. (medscape.com)
  • Once the potential reaches a threshold level of approximately -55 mV, a rapid influx of sodium ions ensues. (medscape.com)
  • Once membrane depolarization is complete, the membrane becomes impermeable to sodium ions again, and the conductance of potassium ions into the cell increases. (medscape.com)
  • Mostly, abnormal sodium transport could result in the sodium-potassium pump that causes decreased permeability of sodium ions (Bakris, 2021). (custom-essay.org)
  • peritoneal fluid accumulation is a common finding in many children with abdominal disorders and its generation secondary to increased vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)
  • The purpose of the present study as to evaluate the effect of changes in intravascular pressure and the inflammatory mediator bradykinin on rat mesenteric arterial and venous vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)
  • Vascular permeability to dextran was determined at 100, 200 and 300 % of physiological pressures. (bvsalud.org)
  • vascular permeability was present at all measurements for both vessels and its magnitude directly proportional to the intravascular pressure. (bvsalud.org)
  • The factors controlling vascular permeability in health and disease are poorly understood. (bvsalud.org)
  • Changes in vascular permeability are commonly present in certain clinical diseases and when occurring in the lung or brain lead to serious consequences related to impaired gas exchange and cerebral function, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • We describe the clinical and microbiologic fea- sodium azide and 100 mg/L amoxicillin or 2 mg/L of cefo- tures associated with an ertapenem-resistant E. coli isolate taxime, yielded transconjugants. (cdc.gov)
  • Nicolazzo, JA , Reed, BL & Finnin, BC 2004, ' Assessment of the effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the buccal permeability of caffeine and estradiol ', Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences , vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 431 - 440. (monash.edu)
  • Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/lauryl sulfate, is an ionic detergent has the ability to disrupt biological membranes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • some mice were given dextran sodium sulfate to induce colitis, with or without a FFAR2 agonist or an antibody against interleukin 27 (IL27). (nih.gov)
  • An injectable solution containing chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate is approved by the FDA to protect the eye during cataract surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Leaky gut is a colloquial term for increased intestinal permeability or intestinal hyperpermeability. (medscape.com)
  • Intestinal permeability is a pathophysiologic process in the gut with certain risk factors that in some conditions has been shown to precede chronic disease. (medscape.com)
  • Intestinal permeability was measured after gavage with fluorescently labeled dextran. (nih.gov)
  • ZFP levels may increase with corticosteroid use, but in one study prednisone decreased intestinal permeability in twenty Crohn's disease patients. (doctorsdata.com)
  • Clinical intervention to normalize intestinal permeability should first attempt to eliminate the trigger(s). (doctorsdata.com)
  • Consider a Comprehensive Stool Analysis to further investigate potential causes of increased intestinal permeability. (doctorsdata.com)
  • Lepke S, Passow H. Effects of fluoride on potassium and sodium permeability of the erythrocyte membrane. (cdc.gov)
  • This single-centre, randomized, single (investigator)-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, in situ study explored whether the addition of 5% CSPS to a nonaqueous fluoride (F) such as sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP)-containing dentifrice affects its cariostatic ability. (karger.com)
  • I found no effect of claudin-3 overexpression on conductance or sodium permeability (PNa), with or without claudin-2 expression. (ku.edu)
  • Since the mid-1960s, it has been known that there are energy-dependent, sodium-coupled glucose transporter (SGLT) and energy-independent, facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) pathways for glucose uptake in the lung [ 1 ], and that glucose can permeate the alveolar epithelial barrier [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Simple sugars, sodium, and food additives such as emulsifiers, microbial transglutaminase and nano-particles also appear to disrupt epithelial barrier function. (doctorsdata.com)
  • The correlation between a decrease in occludin levels and the perturbation of the tight junction permeability barrier provides evidence for a role of occludin in the formation of the tight junction seal. (rupress.org)
  • Surface lipids contribute to the permeability barrier. (bvsalud.org)
  • By selecting the maximum aggregate size, water cement ratio and target porosity as design variables, combined with laboratory tests and numerical analysis, the influences of three factors on the compressive strength and permeability coefficient of RAPC were revealed. (techscience.com)
  • The regression equation of compressive strength and permeability coefficient of recycled aggregate pervious concrete were established based on RSM, and the response surface model was optimized to determine the optimal ratio of RAPC under the conditions of meeting the mechanical and permeability properties. (techscience.com)
  • With high accuracy, RSM can match the measured results of compressive strength and permeability coefficient of RAPC. (techscience.com)
  • The calculated effects of an abrupt increase in the permeability coefficients of K + , Na + , Cl − channels, or the NC cotransport rate coefficient on cell K + , Na + , and Cl − content and concentrations, water-volume (V/A) and MP (U). The data were calculated by using the software BEZ01B. (researchgate.net)
  • Mucosal ion channel assays, investigating sodium, chloride, and potassium channels in intact mucosa of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. (reprocell.com)
  • The results of calcium permeability assays show that calcium transport was reduced with co-expression of claudins-2 and -10a but unchanged with co-expression of claudins-2 and -3. (ku.edu)
  • Specialized sodium activated bentonite designed for underground works where groundwater pressure is high. (imerys.com)
  • BENTOBLOCK is natural sodium bentonite screened to 3/8 inch (0.95 cm) to 3/4 inch (1.90 cm) in size. (environmental-expert.com)
  • Voltage-gated sodium channels mediate a rapid and transient increase in Na + permeability in response to membrane depolarization, thereby contributing to the generation and conduction of action potentials. (jneurosci.org)
  • ENaC also mediates aldosterone-dependent sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron of the kidney, thus regulating blood pressure. (thermofisher.com)
  • In vivo and ex vivo studies of PTs have shown that the major component of calcium reabsorption is passive and tightly linked to sodium reabsorption. (ku.edu)
  • Scn10a is a tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated sodium channel alpha subunit. (thermofisher.com)
  • The upregulation of voltage-gated sodium channel Na v 1.3 has been linked to hyperexcitability of axotomized dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, which underlies neuropathic pain. (jneurosci.org)
  • For lithium against sodium, aromatic residues upstream of the selectivity filter seem to be important, whereas for sodium against potassium, negatively charged residues downstream of the selectivity filter seem to be important. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • In order to test the potential contribution of claudin hetero-oligomerization on these permeability properties, I measured permeability of claudin-2/claudin-10a cells with titrated expression of each protein and with blockage of the claudin-2 pore. (ku.edu)
  • This in vitro study aimed to assess the dentin permeability after use of different irrigation protocols and instrumentation techniques, using digital and confocal laser microscopy. (usp.br)
  • In these studies in vitro permeability of porcine cornea and bovine nasal mucosa was investigated and compared to each other using the lipophilic drug androstenedione (AD), which is of interest for ocular use as well as nasal, systemical administration. (hu-berlin.de)
  • Evaluation of dentin permeability after the use of different irrigation protocols and instrumentation techniques by histochemical analysis using digital microscopy and confocal laser microscopy. (usp.br)
  • Epithelial sodium channels are amiloride-sensitive members of the Degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (Deg/ENaC) superfamily of ion channels. (thermofisher.com)
  • The aim of this exciting PhD is to investigate selectivity of sodium (Na+) within a specific channel family: the Epithelial Sodium Channel/Degenerin (ENaC/DEG) Family. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • The Epithelial Sodium Channel/Degenerin (ENaC/DEG) family is a superfamily of sodium-selective channels that play diverse and important physiological roles in a wide variety of animal species. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • Apc Min/+ Ffar2 -/- mice developed significantly more spontaneous colon tumors than Apc Min/+ mice and had increased gut permeability before tumor development, associated with reduced expression of E-cadherin. (nih.gov)
  • The sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1 (NHE-1) also known as sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 or SLC9A1 (SoLute Carrier family 9A1) is an isoform of sodium-hydrogen antiporter that in humans is encoded by the SLC9A1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the distal lung, glucose transport via sodium-coupled glucose transporters predominates. (ersjournals.com)
  • Use of specific probiotics, and prebiotics such as inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides, have been shown to remediate gastrointestinal permeability. (doctorsdata.com)
  • La mayoría de efectos secundarios se presentan en el sistema nervioso, gastrointestinal y cardiovascular. (bvsalud.org)
  • Other ingredients used in the core tablet formulation include croscarmellose sodium, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and pregelatinised starch. (who.int)
  • Serum sodium levels should be checked before and several weeks after starting a SSRI in older patients and those taking other medicines associated with hyponatraemia. (bpac.org.nz)
  • A patient should be referred to secondary care for treatment if their serum sodium is ≥ 155 mmol/L, if levels are rapidly rising, if neurological symptoms are present or the patient is systemically unwell, or if oral rehydration is not possible. (bpac.org.nz)
  • Elevated serum levels of ZFP and increased permeability are commonly observed in patients at risk of developing Crohn's disease and type 1 diabetes patients, prior to the onset of symptoms. (doctorsdata.com)
  • Hepatorenal syndrome is diagnosed when a creatinine clearance rate of less than 40 mL/min is present or when a serum creatinine level of greater than 1.5 mg/dL, a urine volume of less than 500 mL/day, and a urine sodium level of less than 10 mEq/L are present. (medscape.com)
  • In this paper, the effects of different influencing factors and factor interaction on the compressive strength and permeability of recycled aggregate pervious concrete (RAPC) were studied based on the response surface method (RSM). (techscience.com)
  • Contactin/F3, a cell adhesion molecule, has been shown to interact with and enhance surface expression of sodium channels Na v 1.2 and Na v 1.9. (jneurosci.org)
  • Diabetic microvasular complications, which are considered as an important group of hyperglycemia imperfections, caused by increased endothelial permeability and can progress to severe impairments in several organs. (scialert.net)
  • With more severe hypernatraemia or a rapid rise in sodium level, this can progress to twitching, seizures, coma and death. (bpac.org.nz)
  • After treated, 7 specimens of each group were prepared for a 0.5% basic fuchsin permeability test and the other 3 specimens were prepared to SEM qualitative analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • The permeability test specimens were sectioned with a diamond saw in order to evaluate the stained and unstained areas. (bvsalud.org)
  • The color of ceftriaxone sodium solutions ranges from light yellow to amber, depending on the length of storage, concentration and diluent used. (nih.gov)
  • Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1 has been shown to interact with carbonic anhydrase II and CHP. (wikipedia.org)
  • The calculated effects of an abrupt increase in the permeability. (researchgate.net)
  • This report reviews experimental evidence indicating a relative permeability effect that causes the flow of methane to increase with time when a coalbed is degassed by boreholes. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we identify the lipid transfer protein GMAP-1 as a critical element setting the permeability of the C. elegans cuticle. (bvsalud.org)