Ongoing COVID-19PandemicMitigationNonpharmaceuticalSchool closuresHong KongObjectiveRespiratoryCoronavirus diseaseSystematic ReviewRestrictiveOccurInfluenzaPeakMasksDeterminantsMandatoryCountriesPublic HealthMentalInfectionSevereSpreadSecondaryTimeMeasuresFrameworkTransmissionEarlyMaintainLatePeriodControlPeopleIncludeMedia
Ongoing COVID-191
- Digital proxies of human mobility and physical mixing have been used to monitor viral transmissibility and effectiveness of social distancing interventions in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. (nature.com)
Pandemic9
- During the swine flu outbreak in 2009 in the UK, in an article titled "Closure of schools during an influenza pandemic" published in the Lancet Infectious Diseases, a group of epidemiologists endorsed the closure of schools in order to interrupt the course of the infection, slow further spread and buy time to research and produce a vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
- The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is an important health crisis worldwide. (jmir.org)
- We aim to investigate the impact of implemented infectious control strategies on the incidences of influenza, enterovirus infection, and all-cause pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic. (jmir.org)
- In response to the pandemic, Hong Kong imposed progressively more restrictive interventions on inbound travelers thereafter. (nature.com)
- There is evidence they delay the entry of pandemic diseases , and they have sometimes prevented the spread of pandemics to islands . (otago.ac.nz)
- During the 1918 flu pandemic , authorities in the US implemented school closures, bans on public gatherings, and other social distancing interventions in Philadelphia and in St. Louis, but in Philadelphia the delay of five days in initiating these measures allowed transmission rates to double three to five times, whereas a more immediate response in St. Louis was significant in reducing transmission there. (kiddle.co)
- to analyse the existence of a difference between the quality of sleep before and during the home distance imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. (bvsalud.org)
- Distance from home and isolation measures applied during the COVID-19 pandemic can result in sleep quality problems. (bvsalud.org)
- Therefore, we investigated the existence of a difference between the quality of sleep before and during the distance from home imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. (bvsalud.org)
Mitigation2
- Taken together, it remains an urgent priority to develop new analytics that would allow truly real-time monitoring of transmissibility, thus the application of timely public health interventions in mitigation. (nature.com)
- This framework features approaches to respond to the assigned risk-mitigation intervention level, considering country-level resources. (cdc.gov)
Nonpharmaceutical1
- Social distancing is a set of nonpharmaceutical infection control actions intended to stop or slow down the spread of a contagious disease . (kiddle.co)
School closures5
- In response to school closures, UNESCO recommended the use of distance learning programmes and open educational applications and platforms that schools and teachers can use to reach learners remotely and limit the disruption of education. (wikipedia.org)
- If school closures occur late relative to an outbreak, they are less effective and may not have any impact at all. (wikipedia.org)
- As closures tend to occur concurrently with other interventions such as public gathering bans, it can be difficult to measure the specific impact of school closures. (wikipedia.org)
- School closures were shown to reduce morbidity from the Asian flu by 90% during the 1957-58 outbreak, and up to 50% in controlling influenza in the US, 2004-2008. (wikipedia.org)
- Mandatory school closures and other social distancing measures were associated with a 29% to 37% reduction in influenza transmission rates. (wikipedia.org)
Hong Kong1
- By fitting the model to case data in Hong Kong, we are able to accurately track the local effective reproduction number of COVID-19 in near real time (i.e., no longer constrained by the delay of around 9 days between infection and reporting of cases) which is essential for quick assessment of the effectiveness of interventions on reducing transmissibility. (nature.com)
Objective1
- The objective of social distancing is to reduce the probability of contact between persons carrying an infection, and others who are not infected, so as to minimize disease transmission, morbidity and ultimately, mortality . (kiddle.co)
Respiratory2
- Wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing may contribute not only to the prevention of COVID-19 but also to the decline of other respiratory infectious diseases. (jmir.org)
- If you distance and wear masks, there was [very little] influenza … [or] any of the respiratory diseases that we tend to see," including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza, and pertussis. (acpinternist.org)
Coronavirus disease1
- The recommendations are based on individual-level risk assessment of potential infection of arriving travelers to mitigate the geographic spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). (cdc.gov)
Systematic Review1
- Chen J, Wang Y. Social Media Use for Health Purposes: Systematic Review. (jmir.org)
Restrictive1
- Approaches are ordered in scale of least to most restrictive and include a range of approaches, including no intervention, self-monitoring, monitoring by the health authority, movement restrictions (including voluntary or mandatory quarantine at a residence or a government approved-location) for asymptomatic persons with known or potential exposure, to isolation (at a residence or in a healthcare facility) for symptomatic persons with suspected or confirmed infection. (cdc.gov)
Occur1
- When outbreaks occur in areas with highly mobile populations and porous borders, the risk of further spread within an outbreak area or to other locations with a connection to an outbreak area (e.g., neighboring country, countries with flight connections) is high. (cdc.gov)
Influenza3
- We utilized the electronic database of the Taiwan National Infectious Disease Statistics System and extracted incidences of COVID-19, influenza virus, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia. (jmir.org)
- R eporters often ask infectious diseases physicians like Waleed Javaid, MD, FACP, to foresee the future, whether it's what the SARS-CoV-2 virus will do next or how severe the upcoming influenza season will be. (acpinternist.org)
- As Dr. Poland said in the words of his mentor, George Sarosi, MD, MACP, "When you've seen one influenza outbreak, you've seen one influenza outbreak. (acpinternist.org)
Peak2
- Cities that implemented such interventions earlier had greater delays in reaching peak mortality rates. (wikipedia.org)
- It was observed that several cities experienced a second epidemic peak after social distancing controls were lifted, because susceptible individuals who had been protected were now exposed. (kiddle.co)
Masks2
- Several strategies were implemented to combat COVID-19, including wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing. (jmir.org)
- What was clearly very important is that we were locked down, wearing masks, social distancing, avoiding groups, working from home-rather than interacting," he said. (acpinternist.org)
Determinants1
- Sharma S, Walton M, Manning S. Social Determinants of Health Influencing the New Zealand COVID-19 Response and Recovery: A Scoping Review and Causal Loop Diagram. (jmir.org)
Mandatory1
- During the 2003 SARS outbreak in Singapore, some 8,000 persons were subjected to mandatory home quarantine and an additional 4,300 were required to self-monitor for symptoms and make daily telephone contact with health authorities as a means of controlling the epidemic. (kiddle.co)
Countries5
- Efforts to slow the spread of COVID-19 through non-pharmaceutical interventions and preventive measures such as social-distancing and self-isolation have prompted the widespread closure of primary, secondary, and tertiary schooling in over 100 countries. (wikipedia.org)
- Most OECD countries banned visitors to LTC facilities and reduced group activities especially during the early months of the outbreak. (oecd.org)
- More efforts to support the physical and mental health of staff is also required, with three‑quarters of countries recognising COVID‑19 as an occupational disease. (oecd.org)
- It also requires those arriving from a growing list of countries to "self-isolate" for 14 days to reduce the risk of infecting others if they develop disease. (otago.ac.nz)
- Border controls make intuitive sense for limiting the movement of infectious diseases between countries. (otago.ac.nz)
Public Health3
- In addition, enhancing LTC response to emergencies requires co‑ordination channels between public health authorities and the social sector, but also adequate follow-up mechanisms on the strategies undertaken with standardised data on infections and characteristics of facilities and residents. (oecd.org)
- Before initiating discussions related to Parts 1 and 2, ministries of health and their partners should gather information about the country's legal framework, including legal authorities for isolation * and quarantine ** of nationals and non-nationals, regional guidance and legal frameworks for border control measures, and available resources for public health interventions and communications. (cdc.gov)
- The selection of appropriate approaches in the framework should be guided by public health system capabilities and infrastructure and current outbreak status. (cdc.gov)
Mental1
- Mental health services for infectious disease outbreaks. (cambridge.org)
Infection2
- Social distancing may be less effective in cases where the infection is transmitted primarily via contaminated water or food or by vectors such as mosquitoes or other insects, and less frequently from person to person. (kiddle.co)
- It is an important measure to reduce the risk of infection from the COVID-19 outbreak. (bvsalud.org)
Severe2
- COVID‑19 has disproportionately hit older people who are at higher risk of developing severe disease and death due to COVID‑19 because of being frail and having underlying medical conditions. (oecd.org)
- There is some evidence that people living with HIV may have an increased risk of severe disease and death from COVID-19. (bvs.br)
Spread1
- Historically, leper colonies and lazarettos were established as a means of preventing the spread of leprosy and other contagious diseases through social distancing, until transmission was understood and effective treatments were invented. (kiddle.co)
Secondary1
- 15 to estimate the instantaneous effective reproduction number ( R t ), which was defined as the mean number of secondary infections generated by a typically infectious case at time t . (nature.com)
Time4
- The engine of distribution of the flu virus is thought to be children, who shed more virus for longer periods of time than adults, said infectious diseases physician William Schaffner, MD, MACP, professor of medicine and preventive medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tenn. (acpinternist.org)
- Early intervention has been key to contain the number of fatalities: the greater the time lapse between the first COVID‑19 case and the implementation of guidelines on tackling COVID‑19 in LTC, the higher the number of LTC deaths per million population among people aged 80 and over. (oecd.org)
- To allow shoppers to maintain distance within the store, only a limited number are allowed inside at one time. (kiddle.co)
- Bootsma and Ferguson analyzed social distancing interventions in 16 US cities during the 1918 epidemic and found that time-limited interventions reduced total mortality only moderately (perhaps 10-30%), and that the impact was often very limited because the interventions were introduced too late and lifted too early. (kiddle.co)
Measures2
- Zhou X, Song Y, Jiang H, Wang Q, Qu Z, Zhou X, Jit M, Hou Z, Lin L. Comparison of Public Responses to Containment Measures During the Initial Outbreak and Resurgence of COVID-19 in China: Infodemiology Study. (jmir.org)
- Such measures were effective in ending the SARS epidemic, but are probably unlikely to do more than delay the more infectious COVID-19. (otago.ac.nz)
Framework2
- We develop a new framework that parameterizes disease transmission models with age-specific digital mobility data. (nature.com)
- To provide a framework of considerations for ministries of health and their partners to use while designing and implementing travel-related intervention strategies. (cdc.gov)
Transmission1
- Topics in this part include applying information about existing symptoms consistent with COVID-19, travel history of being in an outbreak area with ongoing community transmission, exposure history to suspected or confirmed cases, and diagnosis history including test results. (cdc.gov)
Early1
- Cuomo R, Purushothaman V, Li J, Cai M, Mackey T. A longitudinal and geospatial analysis of COVID-19 tweets during the early outbreak period in the United States. (jmir.org)
Maintain2
Late1
- Infectious control strategies have been promoted since late January. (jmir.org)
Period1
- the results indicated that there was a significant difference between the quality of sleep before and during home detachment and sleep disturbance and the subjective quality of sleep before and during the period of the outbreak of COVID-19 were the components that most worsened in the state of sleep. (bvsalud.org)
Control1
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
People2
- People maintaining social distance while waiting to enter a store. (kiddle.co)
- COVID-19 has had a profound effect on people living with HIV, as it has for many diseases. (bvs.br)
Include1
- Drawbacks of social distancing can include loneliness , reduced productivity, and the loss of other benefits associated with human interaction . (kiddle.co)
Media3
- Deraman N, Buja A, Samah K, Jono M, Isa M, Saad S. A Social Media Mining Using Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis on Tourism in Malaysia During Covid19. (jmir.org)
- Sooknanan J, Mays N. Harnessing Social Media in the Modelling of Pandemics-Challenges and Opportunities. (jmir.org)
- cross-sectional web-based survey was sent using different conventional social media to collect data from the study population. (bvsalud.org)