Smooth muscle cell hyperplasia in pulmonary. Medical search. Frequent questions

The aetiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension is multiple and its pathogenesis is complex. (ersjournals.com)
The exact mechanisms of pulmonary arterial remodelling that lead to the onset and progression of PH are still largely unclear. (ersjournals.com)
This article reviews the published literature on and discusses the role of the HIF pathway in diseases involving the vascular wall, including atherosclerosis, arterial aneurysms, pulmonary hypertension, vascular graft failure, chronic venous diseases, and vascular malformation. (ox.ac.uk)
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by severe remodeling of the pulmonary artery resulting in increased pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy and, ultimately, failure. (bvsalud.org)
Main inflammatory mediators in pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Schematic inflammatory pathways involving growth factors, vasomodulators, and infectious stimuli in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
It can also improve exercise capacity and delay clinical worsening in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. (formen.health)
Tadalafil helps improve symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a type of high blood pressure that affects the lungs, by relaxing the blood vessels in the lungs and improving blood flow. (formen.health)
Adcirca is a drug that can cause pulmonary arterial hypertension. (medicscales.com)
Mechanisms of pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are complex interplay between bloodstream cells and arterial wall components that leads to a chronic state of vascular oxidative stress and inflammation ( Hansson and Hermansson, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
Nitric oxide is essential because it signals the arterial cells to produce cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), the chemical that increases the flow of blood to the penis. (harvard.edu)
They can also be used for other medical conditions, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), under different brand names and dosages. (versatilecommunication.com)
This procedure had major drawbacks such as acute vessel closure due to arterial recoil, coronary artery dissection, acute arterial thrombosis, and restenosis due to neointimal hyperplasia. (statpearls.com)
Commonly used drugs act to block signal transduction and cell cycle progression in different phases, thereby blocking smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation or intimal hyperplasia in the stented arterial site. (statpearls.com)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease with no treatment options, characterised by elevated pulmonary vascular resistanzce and secondary right ventricular failure. (ersjournals.com)
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterised by widespread obstruction and obliteration of pulmonary arterioles, leading to a progressive elevation in pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent right heart failure and death. (ersjournals.com)
In pulmonary hypertension, HIF-1α contributes to the increase of intracellular K(+) and Ca(2+) leading to vasoconstriction of pulmonary smooth muscle cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Serotonin transporter inhibition prevents and reverses monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. (hal.science)
BACKGROUND: Progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with increased lung expression of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), which leads to hyperplasia of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs). (hal.science)
Esophageal spasm, abdominal pain, pulmonary hypertension, fatigue and smooth muscle dystonia are all attributed to nitric oxide (NO) scavenging. (aacc.org)
There are sundry diseases and situations that induce pulmonary hypertension and are for the most part underdiagnosed. (upb.ro)
Tadalafil can use to treat two conditions that affect men: benign prostate hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction (ED). Tadalafil can also use to treat pulmonary hypertension. (medicscales.com)
The illness is pulmonary hypertension, and sildenafil is prescribed for it under the brand name Revatio. (harvard.edu)
Tadalafil 5, of, form pulmonary when hypertension. (27bund.com)
Deficiency which hyperplasia urethra any occasionally the and hypertension! (27bund.com)
Impaired lung function, pulmonary hypertension, and asthma are all associated with MetDys. (cdc.gov)
MetDys is a risk factor for lung function impairment, pulmonary hypertension, and asthma. (cdc.gov)

However, many disease-predisposing factors and/or contributing factors have been identified, including inflammation, endothelial cell dysfunction, aberrant vascular wall cell proliferation and mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein-receptor type 2 ( Bmpr2 ) gene [ 1 - 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Increased HIF-1α may contribute to atherosclerosis through alteration of smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, and lipid metabolism. (ox.ac.uk)
In addition to stimulating airway smooth muscle cell constriction and hyperplasia, histamine promotes pulmonary remodeling by inducing fibroblast proliferation, contraction, and migration. (unipv.it)
A proliferation of c-Kit(+) hematopoietic progenitors and mast cells has been noted in the remodeled vessels in PAH. (bvsalud.org)
Hence, elevated proliferation of smooth muscle and excessive secretion could contribute to elevated airflow obstruction and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, eventually resulting in fibrosis in sufferers with asthma and COPD (four, 5). (angiotensinreceptor.com)
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease, resulting from proliferation in the lung, kidney, and axial lymphatics of abnormal smooth muscle-like cells (LAM cells) that exhibit features of neoplasia and neural crest origin. (medscape.com)
Hyperplasia = proliferation of cells. (librepathology.org)
Lymphoma is a malign neoplasia resulting from the proliferation of cells from the lymphoid system, which has a varying potential for organic aggression. (scielo.br)
This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. (lookformedical.com)
AA and the extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) blocker U0126 markedly inhibited migration, elevated smooth muscle 22 α (SM22 α ) expression, repressed VSMC proliferation, elevated miR-466f-3p and miR-425-3p expression, and suppressed miR-27a-5p and miR-128-5p expression in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. (hindawi.com)
It has been shown that inflammation caused by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) contributes to the occurrence and development of AS [ 1 ], which can promote vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration, proliferation, and transformation from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype [ 2 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
[ 7 ] Nonetheless, findings from studies have revealed that PDE5 is highly expressed in the lower urinary tract and supporting vasculature, and that PDE5 inhibition potentially decreases smooth muscle cell proliferation in the prostate, relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate, bladder neck, and supporting vasculature, increases blood perfusion to the lower urinary tract, and modulates bladder afferent nerve activity. (medscape.com)

Increased thickness in the airway smooth muscle (ASM) layer as a consequence of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of ASM cells is often a characteristic of airway remodeling in both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary illness (COPD) (1, 2). (angiotensinreceptor.com)
At 8 wk, histopathological analysis confirmed that alveolitis, epithelial cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia, lipoproteinosis, fibrosis, bronchoalveolar lymphoid hyperplasia and granulomas were exacerbated in the HFWD+silica-exposed group compared to STD+silica-exposed controls. (cdc.gov)

Alteration of the HIF pathway may contribute to vascular graft failure through the formation of intimal hyperplasia. (ox.ac.uk)
Intimal hyperplasia. (librepathology.org)

Pulmonary fibrosis is a complicated approach that consists of activation of quite a few pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and an interplay of lots of cell varieties that contribute immediately or indirectly to airway remodeling. (angiotensinreceptor.com)
Many acute and chronic lung disorders with variable degrees of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis are collectively referred to as interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) or diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. (atsjournals.org)
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (or cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis) (IPF or CFA) is one of several idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. (atsjournals.org)
The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide assistance to clinicians in the diagnosis and management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). (atsjournals.org)
In COPD, there is epithelial mucous metaplasia, airway wall fibrosis, and inflammation associated with loss of surrounding alveolar attachments to the outer wall of small airways: bronchiolar smooth muscle is increased also. (nih.gov)
Airway remodeling in asthma refers to structural changes in the airway, including subepithelial fibrosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy, and blood vessel hyperplasia. (atsjournals.org)

Tadalafil can also be used to treat benign prostate hyperplasia, a condition that affects older men. (medicscales.com)

The innermost layer of an artery or vein, made up of one layer of endothelial cells and supported by an internal elastic lamina. (lookformedical.com)

Abnormal vascular remodeling is the core cause of neointimal formation, mediator degeneration and cell dysfunction, which leads to atherosclerosis and vascular dilatation and other diseases[ 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Alcohol-induced Ppap2b suppression in brain endothelial cells leads to blood-brain barrier dysfunction. (lsuhs.edu)
Alcohol-induced LPP3 suppression in brain endothelial cells leads to blood-brain barrier dysfunction. (lsuhs.edu)
In addition to its use for erectile dysfunction, tadalafil can also be used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, such as difficulty urinating. (formen.health)
In conclusion, tadalafil tablets 20 mg megalis 20 is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. (werbecruiser.de)
Tadalafil tablets are a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men. (werbecruiser.de)

METHODS: This question was approached by stimulating a transformed human bronchial epithelial cell line with LMW-HA isolated from stretched human lung fibroblasts and probed for the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. (bvsalud.org)
In bronchial biopsies from 21 normal subjects, 11 subjects with chronic bronchitis, 9 subjects with mild asthma, and 31 subjects with severe asthma, we evaluated epithelial cell morphology: epithelial thickness, lamina reticularis (LR) thickness, and epithelial desquamation. (atsjournals.org)
Evaluation of differentiated human bronchial epithelial cell culture systems for asthma research Journal of Allergy. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein lipolysis products increase blood-brain barrier transfer coefficient and induce astrocyte lipid droplets and cell stress. (ucdavis.edu)

Molecular, genetic and cellular mechanisms underlying Asthma & Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
There have been significant advances in the genetic epidemiology of lung function, but the causal genetic variants and causal genes, and the mechanisms by which they influence lung function, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases remain incompletely understood. (nottingham.ac.uk)
In the 1970s, the first physiological studies using indirect measurements of the distal airways (primarily nitrogen washout) focused attention on the role of small airways in diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 15 - 17 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Th17 cell may have a role in severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (cdc.gov)

Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells play a critical role in vascular homeostasis and have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. (bvsalud.org)

ILC2 cells, or type 2 innate lymphoid cells are a type of innate lymphoid cell. (wikipedia.org)
They express characteristic surface markers and receptors for chemokines, which are involved in distribution of lymphoid cells to specific organ sites. (wikipedia.org)
Pseudolymphoma is characterized by a benign infiltration of lymphoid cells or histiocytes which microscopically resembles a malignant lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)

The clinically observed distinctions between asthma and COPD are reflected by differences in the remodeling process, the patterns of inflammatory cells and cytokines, and also the predominant anatomic site at which these alterations occur. (nih.gov)
In asthma the epithelium appears to be more fragile than that of COPD, the epithelial reticular basement membrane (RBM) is significantly thicker, there is marked enlargement of the mass of bronchial smooth muscle, and emphysema does not occur in the asthmatic nonsmoker. (nih.gov)
Pulmonary vasculature is remodeled in COPD. (nih.gov)

By producing IL-13, they can initiate smooth muscle contraction and mucus secretion, but also goblet cell hyperplasia if the IL-13 is overexpressed. (wikipedia.org)
Asthma is a reversible airway obstruction that is characterized by constriction of airway smooth muscle, Abstract hyper secretion of mucus, edema and airway hyper responsiveness (AHR), mucus secretion and thickening of the basement membrane underlying the airway epithelium. (cdc.gov)
Pathophysiologically, asthma exert different effects at different concentrations, can is characterized by constriction of airway smooth synergize or antagonize the effects of other cytokines muscle, hyper secretion of mucus, edema and airway and regulated in a complex manner and function via hyper responsiveness (AHR),[3] mucus secretion and cytokine cascade. (cdc.gov)

Bronchial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) have been described as a significant source of quite a few pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators (three). (angiotensinreceptor.com)

5‐HT promotes PASMC hyperplasia through the serotonin transporter via production of ROS and MAPK activation 73. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

The data showed that GO administration at the time of initial allergen sensitization augmented airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling in the form of goblet cell hyperplasia and smooth muscle hypertrophy. (cdc.gov)
Congo red staining was used to identify eosinophils, and periodic acid-Schiff staining was used to assess mucus and goblet cells. (estme.org)

HN - 2008 BX - Granulosa Cells, Cumulus MH - Coronary Sinus UI - D054326 MN - A07.231.908.194.500 MS - A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. (bvsalud.org)

Histamine is an inflammatory mediator that can be released from mast cells to induce airway remodeling and cause persistent airflow limitation in asthma. (unipv.it)
He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
Evidence has been provided that activation of the vascular endothelial cells in the presence of the risk factors promotes oxidative stress and vascular inflammatory responses, leading to acceleration of atherosclerotic vascular disease. (frontiersin.org)
Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)

FDA approved tadalafil to treat the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH. (ultimateunderground.com)
Tadalafil can cause back pain and muscle aches. (medicscales.com)
In serious structure another also hydraulic tadalafil announced unrelated advertisement a pulmonary for not four. (27bund.com)

Primary pulmonary neoplasia in cats: assessment of computed tomography findings and survival. (ucdavis.edu)

The release of nitric oxide (NO) from nerve terminals and endothelial cells of the penis stimulates the synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (more commonly known as cGMP) in smooth muscle cells. (formen.health)
cGMP relaxes smooth muscle and increases blood flow to the corpus cavernosum of the penis which in turn produces Penile erection during sexual stimulation. (formen.health)
PDE5 breaks down a chemical known as cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP), responsible for relaxing smooth muscle cells on the walls of blood vessels. (medicscales.com)
This enzyme is responsible for breaking down cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a chemical that helps relax smooth muscle cells and increase blood flow to certain areas, particularly the penis. (versatilecommunication.com)
It works by inhibiting the enzyme PDE5, which is responsible for the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of the penis. (werbecruiser.de)
This nitric oxide stimulates the production of cGMP, which relaxes the smooth muscles and allows blood to flow into the penile arteries, resulting in an erection. (werbecruiser.de)
By blocking PDE5, more cGMP is available to relax the smooth muscles and increase blood flow to the penis, resulting in a firmer and longer-lasting erection. (werbecruiser.de)

Further, allergic responses that resemble asthma-like symptoms have been induced in mice that lack T and B cells using IL-33. (wikipedia.org)
It can also treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is an enlarged prostate, by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and bladder to improve urinary flow. (formen.health)
Asthma is a clinical diagnosis based on symptoms, detailed history and pulmonary function testing [ 1 ]. (ersjournals.com)
It can also be used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. (werbecruiser.de)
It also helps relax the muscles in the prostate and bladder, which can improve urinary symptoms associated with BPH. (werbecruiser.de)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common genitourinary complications in men over 50 years of age and typically presents with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). (medscape.com)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a clinical syndrome which includes prostate enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). (medscape.com)

IL-13 secreted by ILC2s also promotes migration of activated lung dendritic cells into the draining lymph node, which then results in naive T cell priming and differentiation into Th2 cells. (wikipedia.org)

Severe failure in gas exchange due to a breakdown in the alveolar-capillary barrier and pulmonary edema characterizes both acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe variant, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). (healthandhydrogen.com)

TGRL Lipolysis Products Induce Stress Protein ATF3 via the TGF-β Receptor Pathway in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells. (ucdavis.edu)
Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils, histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells. (lookformedical.com)

RESULTS: In atherosclerotic plaque, HIF-1α was localized in macrophages and smooth muscle cells bordering the necrotic core. (ox.ac.uk)
For the differential cell counts of macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes, the cells were cytospun onto a glass slide and stained with Diff-Quik, and cell types in a total of 200 cells were identified by morphologic criteria. (estme.org)

Here we hypothesize that the clinical benefit of imatinib in PAH could be related to c-Kit inhibition of progenitor cell mobilization and maturation into mast cells. (bvsalud.org)
Results Immunohistochemical analysis eldepryl va availability personnel svc of S100A7 locution in verbal leukoplakia lesions and cancers To determine the clinical significance of S100A7 protein in head-and-neck tumorigenesis, its saying was analyzed in clinical specimens from HNSCC, strong leukoplakia lesions with squamous cell hyperplasia or dysplasia, and histologically conventional tissues, using a specific monoclonal antibody alongside immunohistochemistry. (upb.ro)

Panel members are experts in adult pulmonary diseases. (atsjournals.org)

CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of lung 5-HTT induced by MCT appears necessary to initiate the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling, whereas a sustained increase in 5-HTT expression may underlie both the progression and the maintenance of MCT-induced PH. (hal.science)
This intracellular complex increases the expression of p27 and blocks the progression of the cell cycle from the G1 phase to the S phase (DNA synthesis). (statpearls.com)

A diagnosis of asthma is established based on a history of recurrent wheeze, cough, or shortness of breath, reversible airway obstruction demonstrated by pulmonary-function testing, and, in cases where questions exist, a methacholine challenge demonstrating airway hyperresponsiveness. (jci.org)

But they also require a tiny chemical messenger called nitric oxide (NO). It serves two crucial functions: transmitting the impulses of arousal between nerves and relaxing the smooth muscle cells in the arteries, allowing them to widen and admit more blood to the penis. (harvard.edu)

Address correspondence to: Jack A. Elias, Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 333 Cedar Street/105 LCI, PO Box 208057, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8057, USA. (jci.org)

Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. (lookformedical.com)
ABs bind to α 1 -adrenoceptors and act by relaxing the smooth muscles of the prostate and bladder neck to improve urine flow and facilitate urination. (medscape.com)

Although the fine points of the definition can be debated, it is reasonable to think of asthma as a pulmonary disorder characterized by the generalized reversible obstruction of airflow and to define reversibility as a greater than 12% increase in the patient's forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) that occurs either spontaneously or with therapy. (jci.org)

Myoepithelial markers, such as smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain and p63, are useful for distinguishing invasive carcinoma from sclerosing lesions and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and in the classification of papillary lesions. (bmj.com)
Immunohistochemistry plays a useful role in diagnosing spindle cell lesions such as a panel of cytokeratins to identify spindle cell carcinomas. (bmj.com)
2,3 From the dermatological point of view, B-cell types are characterized by only a few lesions that are usually nodules or infiltrations, and are relatively fast growing. (scielo.br)

It has long been known that histamine receptor 1 (H1R) mediates the effects of histamine on human pulmonary fibroblasts through an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), but the underlying signaling mechanisms are still unknown. (unipv.it)
This will inform in-depth mechanistic assays at the cell, tissue and organ scales to identify the key mechanisms underpinning regulation of lung function in health and disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Scleroderma is an aspect of systemic sclerosis , a systemic connective tissue disease that also involves subcutaneous tissue, muscles, and internal organs. (medscape.com)
For individuals surviving initial infection, T. gondii tachyzoites respond to the host immune response by converting to bradyzoite-filled tissue cysts in the central nervous system, muscles, and other tissues. (frontiersin.org)
To assess vascular easy muscle hyperplasia, some tissue sections were stained with mouse anti-smooth muscle actin mAb (clone 1A4, Covance, Princeton, NJ) and with LSAB+ System-alkaline phosphatase (Dako, Carpinteria, CA) according to the manufacturers instructions. (estme.org)
To prioritise pathways we will undertake high-throughput functional genomic screens using CRISPR, perform lung digital spatial transcriptomic profiling and utilise informative cell and tissue models. (nottingham.ac.uk)
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. (lookformedical.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and glandular tissue. (lookformedical.com)

Necrotic cell death in children do not respond to correction of the intestines or of protein. (ultimateunderground.com)

The - in strategies abnormal for or not muscle alpha. (27bund.com)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been shown to be effective. (medscape.com)
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria or PNH is a rare benign clonal acquired hematopoietic stem-cell (HSC) disorder that results from somatic mutation of the X- linked phosphatidylinositol glycan class A gene known as the PIGA gene. (aacc.org)
The mutant hematopoietic stem-cell exhibit a survival advantage over normal cells and tend to expand leading to hemolysis. (aacc.org)
There his work focused on transcriptional control of hematopoietic stem cell maturation and cell fate. (ubc.ca)
In addition, he identified a number of novel hematopoietic stem cell surface proteins and began analyzing their function. (ubc.ca)

Nitric oxide is a major regulator of vascular physiology to maintain normal tone and regulate smooth muscles. (aacc.org)
check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

CCL5 (RANTES) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) attract T and B lymphocytes. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

Anatomy73

Organisms19

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs81

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes34

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science3

Arterial14

Hypertension13

Proliferation12

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia2

Intimal2

Fibrosis6

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia1

Artery1

Dysfunction6

Epithelial cell3

Lipid1

Chronic4

Pathogenesis1

Lymphoid3

COPD3

Secretion3

Bronchial1

Serotonin transporter1

Goblet2

Venous1

Inflammatory4

Tadalafil3

Neoplasia1

CGMP7

Symptoms7

Promotes1

Acute1

Endothelial2

Macrophages2

Clinical2

Diseases1

Progression2

Airway obstruction1

Arteries1

Critical Care Med1

Prostate2

Obstruction1

Lesions3

Mechanisms2

Tissue6

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Abnormal1

Hematopoietic stem5

Physiology2

Lymphocytes1