• CRT effects are related to alterations in genes and microRNAs (miRs) expression, which regulate cardiac processes involved in cardiac apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis, and membrane channel ionic currents. (hindawi.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a large family of endogenous, small noncoding RNAs with 20-25 nucleotides that have emerged as key posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression in mammals, bacteria, and plants [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Some regions of the genome encode non-protein-coding RNA like transfer RNAs, the RNA components of ribosomes, microRNAs and small interfering RNAs that regulate translation. (cilecenter.org)
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), participate in cellular transformation. (oncotarget.com)
  • This generates a vast repertoire of transcripts that includes protein-coding messenger RNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and repetitive sequences, such as SINEs (short interspersed nuclear elements). (nature.com)
  • A large number of experimental studies show that the mutation and regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with various human diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an increasingly important role in some fundamental biological processes such as translational regulation, cell cycle regulation, epigenetic regulation, splicing, differentiation, and immune response [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings suggest that lncRNAs have a positive role in regulating the epigenome of cancer and may be an important target for cancer diagnosis and treatment [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Purpose: GG-H whole transcriptome array analysis suggested involvement of PININ (PNN) in the alternative splicing of multiple long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). (molvis.org)
  • To further investigate PNN's role in regulating the alternative splicing of lncRNAs in a corneal epithelial context, we performed detailed analyses for detecting and identifying alternatively spliced lncRNAs. (molvis.org)
  • Methods: Total RNA was isolated from PNN knockdown human corneal epithelial (HCET) cells or Pnn-deficient mouse corneas, and subjected to real-time-PCR (RT-PCR) assays, and the alternatively spliced lncRNAs were counted. (molvis.org)
  • Alternatively spliced lncRNAs were detected with in situ hybridization with variant-specific RNA probes on human cornea sections. (molvis.org)
  • Results: Our analysis uncovered PNN's impact on the transcript levels of several lncRNAs including Linc00085 and HAS2-AS1. (molvis.org)
  • These regions are usually transcribed into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • LncRNAs, little or no coding potential, are defined as capped transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. (biomedcentral.com)
  • New sequencing technologies have shown that a large number of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs are associated with multiple cancer types and indicated they have emerged as an important class of pervasive genes during the development and progression of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Emerging evidence suggests that N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified transcripts of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators that participate in many diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, whether m6A modified transcripts of lncRNAs can regulate pyroptosis in HPH progression remains unexplored. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large class of RNA molecules ranging in length from 200 to 100,000 nt and located in the nucleus or cytoplasm (Ponting et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It directly impacts chromatin structure and can modulate gene transcription, or even completely silence or activate genes, without mutation to the gene itself. (wikipedia.org)
  • Increased transcription is a result of decreased chromatin condensation, while decreased transcription results from increased chromatin condensation. (wikipedia.org)
  • These short RNAs participate in a diverse array of cellular processes including gene regulation, chromatin dynamics and genome defense. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In some processes, chromatin modifications carry heritable regulatory information that is transmitted from mother to daughter cells, whereas in other cases, they are implicated in the execution of the information contained in the DNA sequence, or occur as a consequence of dynamic nuclear processes such as transcription. (plos.org)
  • Here we will describe our current knowledge of the biological processes and mechanisms that can be considered bona fide epigenetic phenomena in Plasmodium biology, and attempt to distinguish them from those unlikely to involve epigenetic flow of information, even if chromatin changes occur. (plos.org)
  • We will not judge the use of the term epigenetic in different situations, but will rather attempt to clarify the roles of chromatin-based modifications in the different processes. (plos.org)
  • NcRNAs such as those involved in RNA interference can be independently inherited, and can also direct chromatin modification and DNA methylation see [7, 8] RNA Inheritance of Acquired Characters , and Nucleic Acid Invaders from Food Confirmed , SiS 63). (i-sis.org.uk)
  • The first seven chapters describe the different biological mechanisms of the epigenetic machinery including: DNA methylation, histone tails, chromatin structure, nucleosome occupancy, Polycomb group proteins, siRNAs and miRNAs. (caister.com)
  • The epigenetic modification of DNA with 5-methylcytosine is an important regulatory event involved in chromatin structure, genomic imprinting, inactivation of the X chromosome, transcription, and retrotransposon silencing. (caister.com)
  • DNA methyltransferases are not limited to catalyzing DNA methylation, but also take part in the regulation of gene expression through interactions with other proteins that repress transcription and modify chromatin structure. (caister.com)
  • Using a CRISPR Cas9-guided immunoprecipitation assay, we identify a circular RNA in the FLI1 promoter chromatin complex, consisting of FLI1 exons 4-2-3, referred to as FECR1.Overexpression of FECR1 enhances invasiveness of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The relationship between FENDRR and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) was explored using bioinformatics analysis, Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (CHIRP), Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Methylation-Specific PCR (MSP) assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By integrating these chromatin "signals to promoters" data and transcriptomics data (analysis of RNA transcripts of brain cells from many individuals), we have shown the possibility of discovering new genes that have not yet been annotated. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
  • This is an example of regulation of protein-protein interaction, as methylation regulates the attachment of RCC1 to histone proteins H2A and H2B. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histone methyltransferases are critical for genetic regulation at the epigenetic level. (wikipedia.org)
  • The characterization of new miRNA target genes and a unique profile for crasiRNAs has allowed for insight into multiple RNA mediated processes in the tammar, including gene regulation, species incompatibilities, centromere and chromosome function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Small RNAs play important roles in many aspects of pre- and post-transcriptional gene regulation, epigenetic modifications, chromosome segregation and genome structure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The CRT-induced "reverse molecular remodeling" in responders patients is related to an increase in the expression of genes involved in the regulation of excitation-contraction coupling and a reversal in the isoforms switching of the contractile genes [ 9 ] ultimately leading to remodeling effects and improving of myocardial performance. (hindawi.com)
  • The discovery of miRNAs has revolutionized our comprehension of the regulation of gene expression. (hindawi.com)
  • Of the 31 genes, the 21 upregulated genes were primarily associated with cell paracrine and intracellular signaling, transcription regulation and cell adhesion and migration, and their transcriptional products included transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and transcriptional factor AP-2α/γ ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Hastings, M. L., Ingle, H. A., Lazar, M. A. & Munroe, S. H. Post-transcriptional regulation of thyroid hormone receptor expression by cis-acting sequences and a naturally occurring antisense RNA. (nature.com)
  • Deep sequencing of DNMT1-interacting RNAs (DiRs), along with genome-scale methylation and expression profiling revealed that the same type of regulation occurs at numerous gene loci. (epigenie.com)
  • Next, the expression model, prognostic roles, potential biological functions and epigenetic regulation of tumor suppressor long noncoding RNAs were investigated and validated in the breast cancer and pancancer cohorts. (cancerindex.org)
  • Besides its role in the regulation of genes, DNA methylation silences repetitive elements and appears to be important for the stability of the mammalian genome. (caister.com)
  • Mitochondrial proteome disruption in the diabetic heart through targeted epigenetic regulation at the mitochondrial heat shock protein 70 (mtHsp70) nuclear locus. (wvu.edu)
  • These data suggest that FECR1 circular RNA acts as an upstream regulator to control breast cancer tumor growth by coordinating the regulation of DNA methylating and demethylating enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Achieving systematic, genome-scale perturbations within intact biological systems is important for elucidating gene function and epigenetic regulation. (cdc.gov)
  • Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
  • A large percentage of ncRNAs are nuclear-enriched with unknown function 4 . (nature.com)
  • Cumulative evidence shows that only ∼ 2 percent of protein-coding genes are in the human genome and the remaining ∼ 98 percent of the human genome are classified as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to its size, regulatory ncRNAs can be further classified as small ncRNA ( ∼ 18-31nt, such as miRNA, siRNA, and piRNA), medium ncRNA ( ∼ 31-200nt) and long ncRNA (from 200nt up to several hundred kb, such as lincRNA and microRNA) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dr. Daniel Tenen and his colleagues at Harvard Medical School had suspicions that active transcription might regulate levels of genomic DNA methylation, and dove in to the methylation dynamics of the well-known methylation-sensitive gene CEBPA, including the potential involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) originating from that locus. (epigenie.com)
  • Approximately just 2% of the genome is transcribed into protein-coding RNAs [ 1 ], so the majority of transcripts are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), that can be categorized according to their structural properties and length [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The holidays are just around the corner, but the gifts are arriving early as a talented crew of epigenetics enthusiasts published some great work in Nature last week that suggests some RNA transcripts have more self control than a Jedi. (epigenie.com)
  • Herein, we wondered whether circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of RNA transcripts lacking 5′-3′ ends and forming closed loops that are gaining relevance in cancer biology, are also a target of epigenetic inactivation in tumors. (oncotarget.com)
  • We use these engineered Cas9 activation complexes to investigate sgRNA targeting rules for effective transcriptional activation, demonstrate multiplexed activation of 10 genes simultaneously, and upregulate long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) transcripts. (cdc.gov)
  • The first class of small RNAs identified were the micro RNAs (miRNAs), which are small (~22 nt) non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by base pairing to mRNAs where they direct either mRNA cleavage or repress translation [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mature miRNA is then loaded onto an Argonaute protein (Ago2 in humans) where it then interacts with and regulates the mRNA target. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antisense Uchl1 RNA is then required for the association of the overlapping sense protein-coding mRNA to active polysomes for translation. (nature.com)
  • In particular, we have identified that promoter CpG island hypermethylation of the genes TUSC3 (tumor suppressor candidate 3), POMT1 (protein O-mannosyltransferase 1), ATRNL1 (attractin-like 1) and SAMD4A (sterile alpha motif domain containing 4A) is linked to the transcriptional downregulation of both linear mRNA and the hosted circRNA. (oncotarget.com)
  • Although some circRNAs regulate the linear transcript, we did not observe changes in TUSC3 mRNA levels upon TUSC3 circ104557 overexpression. (oncotarget.com)
  • An anticodon is a trinucleotide sequence located at one end of a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule, which is complementary to a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence. (genome.gov)
  • In a cell, antisense DNA serves as the template for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which directs the synthesis of a protein. (genome.gov)
  • What is not in the paper is that we can design CRISPR-like RNA guide oligos connected to RNA promoter sequences, which can induce demethylation of CEBPA…We are now testing this method with other gene loci. (epigenie.com)
  • During evolution, CpG rich regions, so-called CpG islands, have been established as prominent features of promoter regions of genes. (caister.com)
  • Using this CasIP assay, we identified FECR1, a FLI1 exonic circular RNA that binds to the FLI1 promoter and epigenetically activates FLI1 in breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, DRP1 is a downstream target gene of FENDRR, and FENDRR formed an RNA-DNA triplex with the promoter of DRP1, which led to an increase in DRP1 promoter methylation that decreased the transcriptional level of DRP1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In summary, our results demonstrated that m6A-induced decay of FENDRR promotes HPAEC pyroptosis by regulating DRP1 promoter methylation and thereby provides a novel potential target for HPH therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • And when we started mapping these active promoter genes, we found that in addition to thousands of signals at sites of known genes, many signals are mapped to different genomic sites where no genes are marked by the reference genome. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
  • These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
  • PU.1 expression is modulated by the balance of functional sense and antisense RNAs regulated by a shared cis-regulatory element. (nature.com)
  • miRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide stem-loop precursors and subsequently processed by the cytoplasmic RNase-III type enzyme Dicer to generate ~22 nucleotide mature products which can target and modulate gene expression by inhibiting translation and/or inducing degradation of target mRNAs [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Finally, higher-order 3D chromosome folding is also thought to modulate gene expression and might contribute to inheritance 15 . (nature.com)
  • The location of the modifications can be partially determined by DNA sequence, as well as small non-coding RNAs and the methylation of the DNA itself. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epigenetic information can be transmitted by several different molecular mechanisms, which include but are not limited to DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). (plos.org)
  • Small RNAs including short-interfering (si)RNAs and piRNAs, and long RNAs such as long intergenic noncoding (linc)RNAs can direct histone modifications and cytosine methylation. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • In this book the molecular mechanisms and biological processes in which epigenetic modifications play a primordial role are described in detail. (caister.com)
  • Epigenetic alterations comprising local and global changes in DNA and histone modifications, transcription factor binding, disorganization of the nuclear lamina, and misfolding of the genome are hallmarks of aging. (oaepublish.com)
  • A total of 7 possible genetic alterations and epigenetic changes in CAFs are discussed, including gene differential expression, karyotype analysis, gene copy number variation, loss of heterozygosis, allelic imbalance, microsatellite instability, post‑transcriptional control and DNA methylation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Epigenetic alterations, represented by post-transcriptional control and DNA methylation, have been the focus of recent studies. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These data reveal another layer of gene expression control at the post-transcriptional level. (nature.com)
  • These types include protein methyltransferases, DNA/RNA methyltransferases, natural product methyltransferases, and non-SAM dependent methyltransferases. (wikipedia.org)
  • This regulates various cellular pathways by controlling protein activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antisense Uchl1 function is under the control of stress signalling pathways, as mTORC1 inhibition by rapamycin causes an increase in UCHL1 protein that is associated to the shuttling of antisense Uchl1 RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. (nature.com)
  • What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is prenylated at its C-terminus, and localizes to the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. (cancerindex.org)
  • A protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids (called polypeptides) whose sequence is encoded in a gene. (genome.gov)
  • For the most part, in this way we identified a series of protein-non-coding genes, but also some protein-coding ones. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
  • Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)
  • Another type of methyl transfer is the radical S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) which is the methylation of unactivated carbon atoms in primary metabolites, proteins, lipids, and RNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • p53 methylated on lysine to regulate its activation and interaction with other proteins in the DNA damage response. (wikipedia.org)
  • By contrast, the 10 downregulated genes were primarily associated with epithelial membrane proteins ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Epigenetic components (for example, Polycomb PRC1/2 and Trithorax group proteins) maintain the 'off' states of certain genes and the 'on' states of others, in a cell-type- and time-specific manner (the bottom panels show three genes, depicted schematically as chromatinized templates, in which transcription is triggered by specific transcription factors and silent or active states are maintained by PRC1/2 or Trithorax proteins, respectively). (nature.com)
  • The use of mouse models, as well as human diseases resulting from deficiencies in the methylation machinery, have been integral parts of understanding the role of these proteins in development and cellular homeostasis. (caister.com)
  • Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. (cancerindex.org)
  • Either increased or decreased transcription of genes around the modification can occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, these long noncoding RNAs were transcriptionally regulated by epigenetic modification, including DNA methylation and histone methylation modification. (cancerindex.org)
  • The abnormality of m 6 A epigenetic modification in cancer has been increasingly attended. (ijbs.com)
  • m 6 A epigenetic modification took part in the progression, and provided auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD. (ijbs.com)
  • RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and m6A dot blot were used to detect the m6A modification levels of FENDRR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since Sirt2 plays a critical role in multiple important cellular functions, our data imply that acupuncture may act through epigenetic changes and subsequent action on their targets, such as miRNA-339/Sirt2/NF- B/FOXO1 axis. (hindawi.com)
  • Cellular identity is now accepted to be the result of the expression of specific combinations of genes (Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
  • There are unexplored RNA worlds in the 'cellular solar system', and some of them regulate epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation. (epigenie.com)
  • Aside from senotherapeutics, cellular reprogramming strategies targeting epigenetic enzymes remain an unexplored yet viable option for reversing or delaying CVD. (oaepublish.com)
  • Aging is a gradual process that results in a loss of tissue homeostasis, driving a progressive deterioration of tissue and organ functions mainly due to cellular damage accumulated throughout life [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Following a complex process of miRNA transcription, processing, and nuclear export, miRNAs are further processed by the RNaseIII enzyme, Dicer, and its cofactor TRBP. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNA maps reveal new RNA classes and a possible function for pervasive transcription. (nature.com)
  • The pluripotency of the initial cell and the establishment of cell types depend to a large extent on the coordinated deployment of hundreds of transcription factors that bind to specific DNA sequences to activate or repress the transcription of cell lineage genes 1 . (nature.com)
  • Active transcription can regulate levels of genomic methylation. (epigenie.com)
  • The expression of 13 widely reported m 6 A RNA regulators in LUAD and normal samples were systematically analyzed. (ijbs.com)
  • While our genes are encoded by a varying sequence of nucleotides, the genotype is determined by the DNA sequence, both nuclear and mitochondrial. (cilecenter.org)
  • A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genetic information encoding a particular amino acid. (genome.gov)
  • Fig. 1: Epigenetic mechanisms that maintain cell identities during development and throughout life. (nature.com)
  • Pending direct investigation of these general mechanisms in aged tissues, this review predicts that future work will establish epigenetic rejuvenation as a potent method to delay CVD. (oaepublish.com)
  • Melatonin can enhance anticancer therapy efficacy through various mechanisms, cells such as the immune system, and modulation of cell cycle and death pathways, tumor suppressor genes, and also through suppression of some drug resistance mediators. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the activation of this proto-oncogene in tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, FLI1 drives tumor metastasis not only through the canonical oncoprotein pathway, but also by using epigenetic mechanisms mediated by its exonic circular RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the aberrant activation of FLI1 in these solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For some of the genomic regions that are deleted in some neuroblastomas, on 1p, 3p and 11q, candidate tumor suppressor genes have been identified. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We examined each of these small RNA classes with respect to the newly assembled tammar wallaby genome for gene and repeat features, salient features that define their canonical sequences, and the constitution of both highly conserved and species-specific members. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently, phenotypic traits - both macroscopic and molecular - depend on a combination of influences from genome sequences, the individual's life history and the epigenetic signals in the fertilized egg. (cilecenter.org)
  • Regulating microRNA expression: At the heart of diabetes mellitus and the mitochondrion. (wvu.edu)
  • However in recent years with the development of epigenesis, genomic imprinting and the horizontal transferences of the genes, Lamarck's ideas have resurfaced. (intechopen.com)
  • According to an approximate estimate, the version of the human nuclear genome, which has been constantly replenished and improved since 2001, did not contain about 8% of the genomic DNA sequence. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
  • The present review summarizes the recent achievements in understanding the gene profiles of CAFs and pays special attention to their possible epigenetic alterations. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Genetic alterations include genetic mutation, gene copy number variation (CNV), loss of heterozygosity (LOH), allelic imbalance (AI) and microsatellite instability (MSI). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, it has been demonstrated that genetic or epigenetic alterations may be responsible for the special features of CAFs ( Fig. 1 ) ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The present review summarizes the current knowledge regarding 7 possible genetic and epigenetic alterations in CAFs. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Genetic alterations and epigenetic changes in CAFs. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Compared to NFs, CAFs possess numerous types of potential genetic alterations and epigenetic changes. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Normal oral keratinocytes are prolonged by adverse factors, resulting in intracellular microenvironment imbalance and genetic alterations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Small RNAs have proven to be essential regulatory molecules encoded within eukaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genes mainly involved in coding adhesion molecules and growth factors have also been found to be upregulated in other types of CAFs, including colon ( 12 ) and pancreatic ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Landscape of tumor suppressor long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer. (cancerindex.org)
  • The landscape and biological functions of tumor suppressor long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer are still unknown. (cancerindex.org)
  • The expression of the identified long noncoding RNAs was downregulated in cancer tissue samples compared with normal tissue samples, and these long noncoding RNAs correlated with a favorable prognosis in breast cancer patients and the patients in the pancancer cohort. (cancerindex.org)
  • Mapping all miRNAs to the tammar genome and comparing target genes among tammar, mouse and human, we identified 163 conserved target genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • miRNAs are predicted to control the activity of more than 30% of human genes [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • However, the targets of acupuncture-regulated miRNAs are not fully identified and validated and it is unknown whether this is involved in acupuncture's effects. (hindawi.com)
  • To date, various genome-scale loss-of-function screening methods have been developed, including approaches employing RNA interference 1 , 2 and the RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 from the microbial CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) adaptive immune system 3 , 4 . (cdc.gov)
  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and progressive disease characterized by enhanced pulmonary vascular resistance and elevated pulmonary artery pressure resulted from pulmonary vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction [ 1 ]. (imrpress.com)
  • Our findings demonstrate that miR-339 regulates Sirt2 in human and rat neurons. (hindawi.com)
  • In it, we wanted to find epigenetic differences in neurons in different people, including patients with schizophrenia. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
  • There were 12 m 6 A RNA methylation genes displaying aberrant expressions, and an 11-gene diagnostic score model was finally built (Diagnostic score =0.033*KIAA1429+0.116*HNRNPC+0.115*RBM15-0.067* METTL3-0.048*ZC3H13-0.221*WTAP+0.213*YTHDF1-0.132*YTHDC1-0.135* FTO+0.078*YTHDF2+0.014*ALKBH5). (ijbs.com)
  • Biologists have long sought to understand how a fertilized egg can form an organism composed of hundreds of specialized cell types, each expressing a defined set of genes. (nature.com)
  • Data from whole transcriptome sequencing of 33 breast specimens in the Harbin Medical University Cancer Center cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas was applied to identify and validate the landscape of tumor suppressor long noncoding RNAs, which was further validated by The Cancer Genome Atlas pancancer data including 33 cancer types and 12,839 patients. (cancerindex.org)
  • Multiple carcinogenesis-associated biological functions were predicted to be regulated negatively by these long noncoding RNAs. (cancerindex.org)
  • Ectopic expression of gene BCL2 enhances the survival and proliferation of chimpanzee and pig-tailed macaque iPSCs within the pre-implantation embryo, although the identity and long-term contribution of the transplanted cells warrants further investigation. (stanford.edu)
  • Forced expression of HOTAIR in epithelial cancer cells induces genome-wide Polycomb repression complex 2 (PRC2) to retarget to a more similar pattern of embryonic fibroblasts, leading to gene expression changes, and increase cancer invasion and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Canonical Wnt signaling pathway is essential for embryonic development [ 10 ] and non-canonical Wnt pathway regulates cell movement and tissue polarity [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using a combination of miRNA hairpin predictions and co-mapping with miRBase entries, we identified a highly conserved cluster of miRNA genes on the X chromosome in the tammar and a total of 94 other predicted miRNA producing genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whithout mutations we would know very little about inheritance and the existence of genes. (intechopen.com)
  • We consider the effects of the environment and both intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance on biology, disease and evolution. (nature.com)
  • That was the beginning of the epigenetic revolution [1] ( Epigenetic Inheritance - What Genes Remember , SiS 41). (i-sis.org.uk)
  • though major model organisms such as worms and flies have perfectly functional epigenetic inheritance despite lacking cytosine methylation. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Look out Luke, these under appreciated RNAs fit DNMT1 like a glove, and block local DNA methylation. (epigenie.com)
  • ecCEBPA binds to DNMT1 and prevents CEBPA gene locus methylation. (epigenie.com)
  • The researchers say that, "Collectively, these results delineate the nature of DNMT1-RNA interactions and suggest strategies for gene-selective demethylation of therapeutic targets in human diseases. (epigenie.com)
  • DNMT1-interacting RNAs (DiRs): A Target and Tool of the Future? (epigenie.com)
  • Tenen admits his surprise "that no one had ever asked whether DNMT1 bound RNA with high affinity and function, since it seems likely that anything that binds DNA will also bind RNA, and others have previously shown DNMT2 binds to RNA. (epigenie.com)
  • Damage-regulated autophagy modulator 2(DRAM2) is associated with autophagy processes. (cancerindex.org)
  • A survey of the tammar gonadal piRNAs shows that these small RNAs are enriched in retroelements and carry members from both marsupial and tammar-specific repeat classes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Another class of important small RNAs is the piRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also synthesize a library consisting of 70,290 guides targeting all human RefSeq coding isoforms to screen for genes which, upon activation, confer resistance to a BRAF inhibitor. (cdc.gov)
  • What complicates matters is that every known epigenetic information carrier interacts with every other carrier. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • As part of the genome sequencing initiative for the tammar, we have explored the evolution of each of the major classes of mammalian small RNAs in an Australian marsupial for the first time, including the first genome-scale analysis of the newest class of small RNAs, centromere repeat associated short interacting RNAs (crasiRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we identify a nuclear-enriched lncRNA antisense to mouse ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 ( Uchl1 ), a gene involved in brain function and neurodegenerative diseases 11 . (nature.com)
  • A natural antisense transcript regulates Zeb2/Sip1 gene expression during Snail1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (nature.com)
  • Antisense is the non-coding DNA strand of a gene. (genome.gov)
  • The phenotype is determined by our genes, environment, life history and epigenetics. (cilecenter.org)
  • Epigenetics refer to how the environment and our life history affect our genes and modify them chemically to influence their expression. (cilecenter.org)
  • There are numerous examples of ocular surface diseases in which the corneal-specific epithelial qualities are not maintained and significant anterior eye physiologic perturbations occur resulting in dramatic loss of vision. (molvis.org)
  • The applica tion of new genetic tools also led to the discovery of an important familial neuroblastoma cancer gene, ALK , which is mutated in approximately 8% of sporadic tumors, and genome-wide association studies have unveiled loci with risk alleles for neuroblastoma development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NBs belong to the subgroup of small round blue cell tumors and can often pose a challenge to the pathologist because of their similarities with lymphomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, the Ewing family of tumors and desmoplastic round cell tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Data mining for 5′-end CpG island methylation of TUSC3, ATRNL1, POMT1 and SAMD4A in cancer cell lines and primary tumors showed that the epigenetic defect was commonly observed among different tumor types in association with the diminished expression of the corresponding transcript. (oncotarget.com)
  • Studies have focused on the genetic and epigenetic status of CAFs, since they are critical in tumor progression and differ phenotypically and functionally from normal fibroblasts. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 gene (PTGS2), which encodes cyclooxygenase-2, was found to upregulate the expression of TGF-β2 ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • DRAM2 acts as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer and suppresses the expression of p53. (cancerindex.org)
  • Here, we show that DRAM2 may act as an oncogenic regulator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (cancerindex.org)
  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) frequently harbors KRAS mutations that result in chemoresistance and metastasis. (thno.org)
  • RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the cell survival/proliferation of cancer cells treated with ionizing radiation was considerably less, and silymarin/silibinin administration synergistically increased ionizing radiation-induced cytotoxicity. (bvsalud.org)
  • In non-small cell lung cancer, the FLI1 expression score is associated with the stage of SCLC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results are consistent with another study concerning the gene expression profiling of breast CAFs, which were detected using a complementary DNA microarray ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Ploidy and MYCN amplification have been used as genetic markers for risk stratification and therapeutic decision making, and, more recently, gene expression profiling and genome-wide DNA copy number analysis have come into the picture as sensitive and specific tools for assessing prognosis. (biomedcentral.com)