AnatomyChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesHealth Care
Potassium CyanideCyanidesPotassiumChemoreceptor CellsSodium AzideHydrogen CyanideDinitrophenolsOxidation-ReductionOxygen ConsumptionPotassium ChannelsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAdenosine TriphosphateElectron TransportSodium CyanideKineticsHydrogen PeroxideTemperature
Effects of potassium cyanideNaCNBody's ability to use oxygenMethod for removinOdorSaltsColorless gasRelease of cyanideForms of cyanideOxygenToxicityFree cyanideMetal cyanideCytochrome c oxidaSymptomsLarge amountsHydrogen cyaCyanogen chlorideExposureProduced by treatingPrussic acidFumigationPoisonous to dogsFiberOccurOresHydroxideChemicalsPhosphorusNIOSHThiocyanateDosesBitterCherriesHydrolysisToxinCompoundIonsPoisoningHighly concentratedConsumptionFatalBindsPitsOrganic synthesisFolateGramsSuicideExtraction of goldAntioxidantsSeedsManganeseSignsIncludeHarmfulPotentiallyCherrySubstancesTrace amountsProducesAcuteAlgaeConcentration
Effects of potassium cyanide3
NaCN6
Body's ability to use oxygen2
  • A highly toxic product works by releasing hydrogen cyanide gas that is highly toxic as well and cuts your body's ability to use oxygen. (healthontimeus.com)
  • Cyanide is a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that interferes with the body's ability to use oxygen. (cdc.gov)
Method for removin1
  • Taking off all layers of clothing (including jewelry and accessories), blotting any liquid, and showering is the best method for removing cyanide from your body. (cdc.gov)
Odor6
  • Hydrogen cyanide is often described a having an odor resembling that of bitter almonds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hydrogen cyanide is a colorless gas with a faint, bitter, almond-like odor. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are both white solids with a slight, bitter, almond-like odor in damp air. (cdc.gov)
  • The hydrogen cyanide gas has a unique bitter almond odor. (healthontimeus.com)
  • Cyanide is sometimes described as having a "bitter almond" smell, but does not always give off an odor, and not everyone can detect this odor. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide has a characteristic almondlike odor. (medscape.com)
Salts7
  • Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which is a gas, and the simple cyanide salts (sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide) are common examples of cyanide compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • Much smaller amounts of cyanide may enter water through storm water runoff where road salts are used that contain cyanide. (cdc.gov)
  • Four incidents of cyanide in soil resulted from disposal of cyanide-containing wastes in landfills and use of cyanide-containing road salts. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide salts are used in metallurgy for electroplating, metal cleaning, and removing gold from its ore. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide cn most commonly occurs as hydrogen cyanide hcn and its salts. (web.app)
  • Once all the metal salts are dissolved, the remaining cyanide acts as electrolyte, separating into ions. (web.app)
  • Cyanide is the salt of hydrogen cyanide hcn and most of them are insoluble in water and its salts are also very weak when reacting with the other salts. (web.app)
Colorless gas1
Release of cyanide3
  • After a release of cyanide into the air, people can be exposed through skin contact or eye contact, or inhaling (breathing in) the cyanide gas. (cdc.gov)
  • Following a release of cyanide into water, people can be exposed by touching or drinking water. (cdc.gov)
  • Systemic absorption is assumed to be insignificant, with minimal release of cyanide from the complex. (drugbank.com)
Forms of cyanide2
  • Hydrogen cyanide, sodium cyanide, and potassium cyanide are the forms of cyanide most likely to be in the environment as a result of industrial activities. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide poisoning is poisoning that results from exposure to a number of forms of cyanide. (web.app)
Oxygen8
  • Initially, acute cyanide poisoning causes a red or ruddy complexion in the victim because the tissues are not able to use the oxygen in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apple seeds contain cyanide, a chemical that can cause hypoxia or lack of oxygen delivery to the body. (thefaithfuldog.com)
  • Cyanide interferes with oxygen transport in the blood cells, leading to oxygen deprivation. (tonsofthanks.com)
  • Cyanide will interfere with proper cellular oxygen transport, which means that if enough cherries were eaten, oxygen won't reach the body's cells anymore. (antioxidant-fruits.com)
  • The consumption of large amounts of prussic acid interferes with oxygen utilization, potentially causing animals to die from asphyxiation (respiratory paralysis). (ksu.edu)
  • However, nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia, which avidly binds cyanide, decreases oxygen-carrying capacity that is already reduced by the presence of carboxyhemoglobin (inhalation of carbon monoxide in smoke). (asahq.org)
  • Therefore, in the gold leaching process, it is often necessary to analyze and control the free cyanide and the oxygen content in the solution to keep the ratio of the two at about 6. (julesvauthiertennisacademy.fr)
  • Asphyxiants either displace oxygen from the air or interfere with tissue oxygen delivery by blocking the action of hemoglobin or cytochrome oxidase (eg, CO, cyanide). (medscape.com)
Toxicity6
  • Cyanide toxicity can be deadly in only a few minutes. (thefaithfuldog.com)
  • If only a small amount is consumed, signs of cyanide toxicity include salivation, rapid or difficulty breathing, and even convulsions and paralysis. (thefaithfuldog.com)
  • During fire exposure, cyanide toxicity can block aerobic metabolism. (asahq.org)
  • Meanwhile, growing M. lusitanicus in the presence of potassium cyanide, N-acetylcysteine, a higher concentration of glucose, or exogenous cAMP, or the deletion of the gene encoding the regulatory subunit of PKA (pkaR1), correlated with a decrease in the toxicity of SS, downregulation of rfs, and reduction in rhizoferrin production. (bvsalud.org)
  • Toxicity may result from exposure to excess amounts of normally nontoxic substances. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sodium nitroprusside should be reserved for extreme emergencies and used for the shortest amount of time possible because of concerns about cyanide and thiocyanate toxicity in the mother and fetus or newborn, and increased intracranial pressure with potential worsening of cerebral edema in the mother. (medscape.com)
Free cyanide2
Metal cyanide1
  • The alkoxylation reaction could include also the so called double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst, which generates narrow range distribution of homologues. (springer.com)
Cytochrome c oxida2
  • Potassium cyanide is a potent inhibitor of cellular respiration, acting on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, hence blocking oxidative phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to. (web.app)
Symptoms4
  • Breathing in cyanide gas causes symptoms to appear the quickest but swallowing solid or liquid cyanide can be toxic also. (cdc.gov)
  • Symptoms from cyanide poisoning can progress very rapidly when exposed to a large amount of cyanide. (cdc.gov)
  • If you're not certain what happened when you weren't looking, make sure you look for the symptoms of cyanide poisoning. (antioxidant-fruits.com)
  • However, if your cat eats more than that amount, it may experience symptoms of cyanide poisoning. (thatcatblog.com)
Large amounts9
  • Also, there are many different types of cyanide (potassium, hydrogen, sodium), most or all of which are toxic and should not be consumed in large amounts. (todayifoundout.com)
  • Consuming KCN in large amounts produces a lethal effect enough to kill you. (healthontimeus.com)
  • Given in large amounts can cause digestive problems, diarrhea, vomiting among other health issues. (retrieverpets.com)
  • They help regulate the blood sugar levels and act as a good addition to your protein sources, but when given in large amounts they can give dogs gas. (retrieverpets.com)
  • Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 30  Ethylene Oxide may cause a skin allergy. (docslib.org)
  • contaminated skin with large amounts of soap and water. (docslib.org)
  • Prussic acid content decreases significantly when the forage is cut for hay/used for silage, as large amounts are lost as gas during fermentation. (ksu.edu)
  • Cherries contain a small amount of cyanide, which can be toxic to birds if ingested in large amounts. (parrotspecies.org)
  • Finally, raspberries contain pectin, which may cause intestinal irritation in cats who eat large amounts of them regularly. (thatcatblog.com)
Hydrogen cya1
  • Solid cyanide released into water can also produce hydrogen cyanide gas (HCN or AC) resulting in possibly inhaling (breathing in) the gas. (cdc.gov)
Cyanogen chloride2
  • Chlorination of water contaminated with cyanide produces the compound cyanogen chloride. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide is also known by the military designations AC (for hydrogen cyanide) and CK (for cyanogen chloride). (cdc.gov)
Exposure5
  • This public health statement tells you about cyanide and the effects of exposure to it. (cdc.gov)
  • The field portable cyanide analyzer can provide rapid cyanide exposure. (web.app)
  • In patients exposed to smoke, details of the exposure-the duration, the amount of smoke inhaled, and the toxins contained in the smoke--can help determine the risk for inhalation injury. (medscape.com)
  • Hydrogen cyanide is absorbed rapidly, producing an almost immediate effect if exposure is by inhalation. (medscape.com)
  • The seriousness of poisoning caused by hydrogen fluoride depends on the amount, route, and length of time of exposure, as well as the age and preexisting medical condition of the person exposed. (cdc.gov)
Produced by treating1
Prussic acid2
  • The pits contain oils that are used to produce almond flavor extracts, each kernel harboring a small amount of prussic acid (a/k/a potassium cyanide). (familystylefood.com)
  • Plants that contain cyanogenic glucosides, such as warm-season annual grasses in the sorghum family, produce larger amounts of cyanide (prussic acid) when damaged by frost. (ksu.edu)
Fumigation3
Poisonous to dogs1
  • Apple seeds, leaves and stems contain amygdalin, and this compound is metabolized to cyanide, which is poisonous to dogs and humans alike. (thebigzoo.com)
Fiber4
Occur4
  • Cyanides can both occur naturally or be man-made and many are powerful and rapid-acting poisons. (cdc.gov)
  • In certain plant foods, including almonds, millet sprouts, lima beans, soy, spinach, bamboo shoots, and cassava roots (which are a major source of food in tropical countries), cyanides occur naturally as part of sugars or other naturally-occurring compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide poisoning can occur with smoke inhalation from a fire, chemicals or products in the workplace, plants and foods for example, apricot pits, certain chemicals that turn into cyanide after ingestion, and suicide attempts. (web.app)
  • Greater potential for harmful cyanide levels occur in soils high in nitrogen content and low in phosphorus or potassium. (ksu.edu)
Ores1
Hydroxide2
  • 2.Corrosive chemicals:  Corrosive chemicals include strong acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, glacial acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, ortho - phosphoric acid, and caustic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) and potassium hydroxide (caustic potash). (slideshare.net)
  • contacting the carbon with a solution of sodium cyanide (0.1 to 2% by mass) and sodium hydroxide (0.1 to 2% by mass) at high temperatures (90-120°C). This results in the reversal of the adsorption process with most of the gold desorbing from the carbon back into solution. (julesvauthiertennisacademy.fr)
Chemicals3
Phosphorus1
NIOSH1
  • Such solutions should be kept alkaline whenever possible so as to eliminate the possibility of generation of hydrogen cyanide: KCN + H2O2 → KOCN + H2O KCN + NaOCl → KOCN + NaCl NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. (wikipedia.org)
Thiocyanate1
  • From baseline to infused cyanide, the increases in blood cyanide (4.8 +/- 1.0 to 452 +/- 97 microM) and plasma thiocyanate cyanide (18 +/- 5 to 65 +/- 22 microM) in the SFmetHb group were significantly greater than those increases in the control group. (asahq.org)
Doses1
  • Evidence presented during the trial indicated that Ghane unlawfully possessed 177 grams of potassium cyanide, a highly toxic chemical that is fatal in even small doses, which he stole from the chemistry laboratory at Maple Woods Community College. (justice.gov)
Bitter3
  • The taste of potassium cyanide has been described as acrid and bitter, with a burning sensation[unreliable source? (wikipedia.org)
  • Hydrogen cyanide is a colourless liquidgas with a characteristic odour of bitter almonds. (web.app)
  • Cyanide sometimes is described as having a bitter almond smell, but it does not. (web.app)
Cherries5
  • Cherries are a hard no for dogs, since they contain cyanide, a compound that makes them toxic to your furry friends. (antioxidant-fruits.com)
  • You should be extremely careful though not to let more cherries lying around the home, since cyanide can be strong enough to bring down even the largest of breeds. (antioxidant-fruits.com)
  • It is recommended to remove the pits from cherries before feeding them to your parrot, as the pits can be a choking hazard and contain small amounts of cyanide. (articleinsider.com)
  • If you're introducing cherries to your parrot for the first time, start with a small amount and monitor their reaction. (articleinsider.com)
  • You can chop the cherries into small pieces, or you can offer them whole as a treat for your bird to nibble on. (articleinsider.com)
Hydrolysis2
Toxin1
  • Apple seeds, cherry pits, peach pits, and plum pits contain small amounts of the toxin cyanide. (thefaithfuldog.com)
Compound1
  • Potassium cyanide is a compound with the formula KCN. (wikipedia.org)
Ions4
  • In this historical process, potassium cyanide was produced by decomposing potassium ferrocyanide: K4[Fe(CN)6] → 4 KCN + FeC2 + N2 In aqueous solution, KCN is dissociated into hydrated potassium (K+) ions and cyanide (CN−) ions. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a solid, KCN has structure resembling sodium chloride: with each potassium ion surrounded by six cyanide ions, and vice versa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite being diatomic, and thus less symmetric than chloride, the cyanide ions rotate so rapidly that their time-averaged shape is spherical. (wikipedia.org)
  • At low temperature and high pressure, this free rotation is hindered, resulting in a less symmetric crystal structure with the cyanide ions arranged in sheets. (wikipedia.org)
Poisoning7
  • How long does it take for cyanide poisoning to show in dogs? (thefaithfuldog.com)
  • Clinical Findings of Cyanide Poisoning in Animals. (thefaithfuldog.com)
  • This shouldn't worry you too much though - if your dog has inconspicuously stolen and swollen an entire cherry, it won't be enough for cyanide poisoning. (antioxidant-fruits.com)
  • This chemical can cause cyanide poisoning in high amounts. (webmd.com)
  • Ingesting a cherry pit could lead to cyanide poisoning and be fatal to your pet bird. (articleinsider.com)
  • This study tested whether exogenous stroma-free methemoglobin (SFmetHb) can prevent depression of hemodynamics and metabolism during canine cyanide poisoning. (asahq.org)
  • If your cat eats too many raspberries, it can cause cyanide poisoning . (thatcatblog.com)
Highly concentrated2
  • The pill form of Potassium cyanide is highly concentrated and the consumption of an overdose leads to death. (healthontimeus.com)
  • Swallowing only a small amount of highly concentrated hydrogen fluoride will affect major internal organs and may be fatal. (cdc.gov)
Consumption3
  • While the fleshy part around the seed is safe for consumption, other parts of the cherry plant contain cyanide, which is toxic to dogs. (tonsofthanks.com)
  • Sodium cyanide is the main consumption agent of gold cyanidation process. (julesvauthiertennisacademy.fr)
  • However, in most gold cyanidation plants, the consumption of cyanide is high, which is 50-100 times higher than the theoretical calculation. (julesvauthiertennisacademy.fr)
Fatal3
Binds1
  • Glucose binds to the cyanide fast, disconnecting it to bond with the cells. (healthontimeus.com)
Pits3
  • Cyanide is released from natural substances in some foods and in certain plants, including the pits and seeds of some common fruits. (cdc.gov)
  • Cherry pits contain cyanide. (thefaithfuldog.com)
  • The cherry pits can be dangerous if ingested by birds due to the possibility of intestinal blockage or toxic levels of cyanide. (parrotspecies.org)
Organic synthesis1
  • In organic synthesis, cyanide is used as a c1 synthon. (web.app)
Folate1
  • The flesh of the cherry fruit contains a variety of vitamins and minerals, including Vitamin A, C, folate, potassium and antioxidants. (parrotspecies.org)
Grams1
Suicide2
  • The government alleged that Ghane possessed the chemical, which would be a sufficient amount to kill several hundred people, either to commit suicide or to harm federal employees. (justice.gov)
  • If you have heard about potassium cyanide before, one of the things that will come into your mind is suicide. (healthontimeus.com)
Extraction of gold2
Antioxidants1
  • Apples are loaded with vitamins (C, K and B6), minerals, elements (potassium) and antioxidants that can help keep dogs healthy. (thebigzoo.com)
Seeds1
Manganese2
  • Budgies can safely eat tomatoes, which are rich in Vitamins A, C, E, K, as well as minerals like potassium and manganese. (fiqeu.com)
  • Tomatoes are well-known for their high nutritional value, being rich in Vitamins A, C, E, and K, as well as minerals like potassium and manganese. (fiqeu.com)
Signs1
  • A small amount (approximately 2%) of the hexacyanoferrate ion was absorbed after oral ingestion of prussian blue but with no signs of decomposition. (drugbank.com)
Include2
  • Smaller applications include jewellery for chemical gilding and buffing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other cyanide sources include vehicle exhaust, releases from certain chemical industries, burning of municipal waste, and use of cyanide-containing pesticides. (cdc.gov)
Harmful1
  • Cyanide gas can disperse quickly in open spaces depending on the weather, making it less harmful outdoors. (cdc.gov)
Potentially1
  • Also, producers can consider mixing nonthreatening forages into the diet to dilute any potentially damaging residual cyanide. (ksu.edu)
Cherry1
  • The cherry pit contains cyanide, which is toxic to both humans and animals, including parrots. (articleinsider.com)
Substances1
  • Substances of smaller size and lower water solubility cause alveolar and parenchymal injury. (medscape.com)
Trace amounts1
  • But don't worry - we're talking trace amounts that are destroyed when heated during the manufacturing process. (familystylefood.com)
Produces2
  • This is because adding of a small amount of water to concentrated acids produces sufficient amount of heat that can break a glass container, which can cause damage and even chemical burn. (slideshare.net)
  • This produces a small volume of solution with a high gold concentration. (julesvauthiertennisacademy.fr)
Acute1
Algae2
  • Certain bacteria, fungi, and algae can produce cyanide, and cyanide is found in a number of foods and plants. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanides are produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and algae. (web.app)
Concentration1
  • The mean cyanide concentration in most surface waters in the usa is below 3. (web.app)