• After it was revealed President Joe Biden has sleep apnea and uses a CPAP machine, doctors are hopeful who will spread awareness. (winknews.com)
  • Sleep Apnea and Snoring Treatment - Without CPAP! (ihatecpap.com)
  • Do you struggle not only with sleep apnea symptoms but the CPAP machine as well? (ihatecpap.com)
  • Find out how you can reduce snoring and treat sleep apnea without CPAP. (ihatecpap.com)
  • The information provided by I Hate CPAP is intended to provide general information regarding comprehensive snoring and sleep apnea treatment services for patients in the greater Chicago, IL area as well as nationwide and worldwide. (ihatecpap.com)
  • As sleep apnea is regularly caused by limitation of these paths, the CPAP machine powers air through the contracted airways enabling a man to sleep deeply and keep up blood oxygen levels all through the night. (asonor.com)
  • If you utilize CPAP, you have likely battled with utilizing ordinary cushions which essentially don't permit enough space for the sleep apnea cover. (asonor.com)
  • Numerous CPAP pads are made out of froth which will superbly fit the shapes of your head, however none can contrast and the Polar Foam Sleepap Pillow composed by Science of Sleep. (asonor.com)
  • In the event that you have endeavoured to utilize CPAP and observe the sleep apnea veil to be excessively awkward, making it impossible to wear, you are not the only one, as more than 50% of individuals who attempt to utilize the sleep apnea machine discover it close difficult to sleep with. (asonor.com)
  • Clinical treatment includes Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for insomnia, MAP therapy for snoring, and CPAP therapy for snoring or sleep apnoea. (sleepwellclinic.co.nz)
  • Sleep apnea has many degrees of severity and an often time requires the use of a CPAP (Continuous Positive Air Pressure) appliance. (eccellasmiles.com)
  • Sleep masks are connected to CPAP machines or related breathing machines. (1stsleepapnea.com)
  • A CPAP machine provides continuous air pressure that lets a person with sleep apnea breathe normally and sleep well all night long. (1stsleepapnea.com)
  • However, sleep doctors and dentists can offer a number of sleep apnea therapies, including a CPAP breathing mask worn at night. (1stsleepapnea.com)
  • Introduction: Traveling with a CPAP machine can be a lifesaver for people with sleep apnea, but it can also be a hassle. (rematee.com)
  • In this article, we'll discuss the pros and cons of traveling with a CPAP machine, offer tips for packing and using it on the go, and explore alternative options such as side sleeping with the Rematee Bumper Belt, dental devices, and positional therapy. (rematee.com)
  • People with severe obstructive sleep apnea who used a CPAP device every night saw a reduction in their blood pressure levels in a 2014 study conducted by researchers from Johns Hopkins and other institutions. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • At Snoring and Sleep Apnea Therapy located in Jupiter, FL, we help individuals who suffer with sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea and primary snoring, achieve a better night's sleep with effective CPAP alternatives such as custom oral appliance therapy and NightLase snoring therapy. (healthysleepflorida.com)
  • Services we offer help to treat sleep apnea, snoring, sleep disorders, and daytime tiredness with solutions for sleep apnea treatment without CPAP. (healthysleepflorida.com)
  • Patients who fall into the moderate or severe category for sleep apnea are recommended to undergo a trial with a CPAP machine. (sommeilmtl.com)
  • CPAP is a continuous positive air pressure that can alleviate symptoms of sleep apnea and snoring. (sommeilmtl.com)
  • Continuous positive air pressure from the CPAP machine is one of the treatments prescribed by professionals at the Montreal Sleep Center to treat obstructive apnea. (sommeilmtl.com)
  • Although effective, CPAP treatment is hard to adhere to and does not address the root cause of sleep apnea for long-term relief. (ladydentistanchorage.com)
  • There are many comfortable, non-surgical treatment options available to adults and children who suffer from sleep apnea that DO NOT INVOLVE CPAP and that address the root cause of the condition. (ladydentistanchorage.com)
  • Middle-aged women with low levels of estrogen and progesterone are more likely to snore and to report symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea, according to a new study published this week in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Kai Triebner of University of Bergen, Norway, and colleagues. (sciencedaily.com)
  • These can all be symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea. (dreamdentalkc.com)
  • symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea whose condition is medically managed. (cdc.gov)
  • If you snore constantly, or if you've been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea, then ask Dr. Cornelius if you qualify for a custom-designed sleep guard. (brentcornelius.com)
  • It is identified as one of the major sleep problems that causes daytime sleepiness. (shdc.com.au)
  • Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep may often manifest itself as excessive daytime sleepiness , which characteristically results in functional impairment throughout the day. (cdc.gov)
  • Those with sleep apnea may also experience excessive daytime sleepiness, as their sleep is commonly interrupted and may not feel restorative. (cdc.gov)
  • Insomnia and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) Insomnia is trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep, or getting poor-quality sleep. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Side sleeping is a general recommendation because it helps to alleviate problems such as insomnia and GERD, which both can contribute to sleep apnea. (woodyknows.com)
  • In addition, relaxation techniques such as progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and mindfulness meditation can help reduce stress and anxiety, both of which can contribute to sleep apnea. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • If you don't, then the final and most important part of a good night's sleep may not yet be addressed - that is, breathing well while you're asleep . (shdc.com.au)
  • This is about the body and brain rebuilding, regenerating and rebooting - the whole purpose of a good night's sleep. (shdc.com.au)
  • What is a good night's sleep, and why is it important? (shdc.com.au)
  • It has been designed to give you a good night's sleep. (marylandreporter.com)
  • Summa Health discusses everything you need to know about sleep apnea to keep you and your partner safe, while helping you both get a better night's rest. (summahealth.org)
  • Besides snoring, you may stop breathing, gasp or snort in your sleep, wake up tired after a full night's sleep, experience morning headaches, feel sleepy during the day, have problems with memory or concentration, and feel irritable. (brentwoodent.com)
  • If the treatment appears to be an effective solution for your sleep apnea, we will put together a comprehensive plan that should significantly improve your condition, providing a good night's sleep for you and your partner. (panatelladental.com)
  • If you have been diagnosed with sleep apnea, experienced Houston, Katy, Sugar Land and The Woodlands sleep apnea dentist Dr. Ronald Konig can provide treatment to help you get a restful night's sleep. (konigdds.com)
  • gasping or snorting in your sleep, waking up with a headache, having memory problems, falling asleep during the day even with a full night's rest, and even concentration problems. (marcandmandy.com)
  • They usually don't remember waking up because it only lasts a few seconds, but it can happen as many as hundreds of times in a single night, making it impossible to get a restful night's sleep. (bristolparkdental.com)
  • Schedule your next appointment today, and we can see if you're showing signs of sleep apnea and put you on the path to a full night's sleep and the healthy smile you deserve. (bristolparkdental.com)
  • Wishing a wonderful night's sleep to all of our patients! (bristolparkdental.com)
  • Get a better night's rest and reduce the snoring that drives your family crazy. (drswhiteandhaines.com)
  • Recent studies have suggested that the acoustic characteristics of snoring sound may differ between simple snorers and OSA patients. (researchgate.net)
  • We have studied a small number of patients with simple snoring and OSA, analysing the acoustic characteristics of the snoring sound. (researchgate.net)
  • Seventeen male patients, 10 with OSA (apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) 26.2 events x h(-1)) and seven simple snorers (AHI 3.8 events x h(-1)), were studied. (researchgate.net)
  • The peak frequency of snoring was significantly lower in OSA patients, with all but one OSA patient and only one simple snorer showing a peak frequency below 150 Hz. (researchgate.net)
  • In conclusion, this study demonstrates significant differences in the sound power spectrum of snoring sound between subjects with simple snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea patients. (researchgate.net)
  • Studies have demonstrated that an apnea index of 20 or more, even in asymptomatic patients, is associated with an increased mortality rate. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with OSA are usually not aware of the interruptions to their sleep cycle, but can still experience sleep deprivation due to an inability to enter deep, restful sleep. (brentcornelius.com)
  • If you're not familiar with it already, sleep apnea is a serious condition that keeps patients from getting enough oxygen while they sleep. (eccellasmiles.com)
  • Most patients experience little if any discomfort after a few weeks of adapting to their intra-oral sleep apnea device. (northvillecosmeticdentist.com)
  • Many patients report seeing results after the first session, experiencing improved sleep and reduced snoring. (herabeautyandwellness.com)
  • The patients need to spend one night in their home connected to monitors in order to accurately diagnose your snoring and OSA problem. (roomchang.com)
  • However, patients are almost never aware of their snoring or apnea. (chevychaseent.com)
  • Custom oral appliances have been shown to be effective in the treatment of mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea for many patients. (healthysleepflorida.com)
  • He regularly works with patients to address and relieve their symptoms, providing better, more restful sleep and improved quality of life. (healthysleepflorida.com)
  • For patients whose spouse or significant other regularly complains of their snoring habits or who regularly feel tired and groggy throughout the workday, partner with Dr. Burman at Snoring and Sleep Apnea Therapy LLC. (healthysleepflorida.com)
  • Patients with thick necks may be more likely to suffer from sleep apnea than those with relatively average necks. (konigdds.com)
  • Healthy Sleep Solutions, LLC is committed to providing patients, including persons with disabilities, with access to its website(s) and web-based information and services. (healthysleeptoday.com)
  • She has helped thousands of patients in the Tampa bay area manage their primary snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. (sleepapneasolutionstampa.com)
  • 80% of patients report a reduction in snoring as well as apnea episodes. (vancouvermedispa.ca)
  • The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of this method using both subjective patients' assessments and objective polysomnographic measurements of snoring and apnea levels. (vancouvermedispa.ca)
  • Retrognathia is a developmental deficiency, but it can easily be treated with mandibular advancement (see Integrative Treatments for Sleep Apnea Patients below). (ladydentistanchorage.com)
  • Influence of spontaneous sleep positions on nighttime recumbent reflux in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Patients with more sleep-related symptoms appear to receive greater benefit from treatment than do patients with fewer sleep-related symptoms (10). (cdc.gov)
  • Belun Ring (Belun Sleep System BLS-100): Deep learning-facilitated wearable enables obstructive sleep apnea detection, apnea severity categorization, and sleep stage classification in patients suspected of obstructive sleep apnea. (cdc.gov)
  • Design and Conceptual Proposal of an Intelligent Clinical Decision Support System for the Diagnosis of Suspicious Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients from Health Profile. (cdc.gov)
  • The findings help determine whether you have sleep apnea and which treatments will best help you. (brentwoodent.com)
  • With our holistic approach, advanced treatments like Fotona NightLase, and personalized care, we are committed to helping you achieve restful and rejuvenating sleep once again. (herabeautyandwellness.com)
  • Led by Steven Burman, DMD, FAGD, MALD, D.ABDSM, our knowledgeable team offers a wide range of treatments for various sleep conditions. (healthysleepflorida.com)
  • This guide discusses the symptoms and treatments available for Sleep Apnea. (clickfunnels.com)
  • Most treatments for snoring attempt to keep the breathing passage open. (vancouvermedispa.ca)
  • Your doctor will talk with you about other treatments, including using a machine to help you breathe while you sleep. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Episodes where you stop breathing during sleep and gasp for air. (davidsonfamilydentistry.com)
  • Through cardiovascular exercise, posture and breathing exercises, sleep hygiene guidance, and relaxation techniques, physical therapy can help improve breathing patterns, reduce apnea episodes, and enhance overall sleep quality. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • Episodes of narcolepsy have been described as "sleep attacks" and may occur in unusual circumstances, such as walking and other forms of physical activity. (cdc.gov)
  • I had enough of being overweight (I weighed 130 kg on Dec 2016) which caused me snoring and episodes of sleep apnea. (who.int)
  • Sleep apnea is not only frustrating when you are trying to sleep, it can be very serious and negatively impact your partner's health. (summahealth.org)
  • An estimated 45 percent of adults snore occasionally, while 25 percent snore regularly-often disturbing their bed partner's slumber and possibly their own, too. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Does your partner's snoring keep you awake at night? (panatelladental.com)
  • Snoring can disturb your partner's sleep and can also affect your relationship. (roomchang.com)
  • While snoring itself is not necessarily dangerous, it is likely to affect you and your partner's quality of sleep. (sommeilmtl.com)
  • If OSA is diagnosed, the severity, as defined by the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI), is a factor in determining which treatment will be most effective. (southcentraldentistry.com)
  • By incorporating physical activity into your routine, you can achieve weight loss or maintain a healthy weight, reducing the severity of sleep apnea symptoms. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • NightLase reduces the effects of sleep apnea and decreases the amplitude of snoring by means of a gentle, laser-induced tightening effect caused by the contraction of collagen in the oral mucosa tissue. (vancouvermedispa.ca)
  • If you or your child have been struggling with the effects of sleep apnea, your next visit to the dentist could change your life. (bristolparkdental.com)
  • And you miss out on deep, restful sleep. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • This pattern can occur 5 to 30 times or more each hour, all night, impairing your ability to reach the deep, restful phases of sleep. (davidsonfamilydentistry.com)
  • These short interruptions in breathing prevent you from getting a restful sleep and increase the likelihood of developing serious health complications if left untreated. (sommeilmtl.com)
  • You're more likely to snore if you're overweight, are a middle-aged or older man, or are a postmenopausal woman. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Years ago, sleep apnea was thought to anatomical and as well as an overweight issue. (konigdds.com)
  • Overweight and obese individuals are at an increased risk of developing sleep apnea. (konigdds.com)
  • OSA is a sleep disorder in which airflow is repeatedly reduced or ceased. (medscape.com)
  • If you think you're suffering from a sleep disorder, schedule an appointment with our Sleep Medicine Specialists by calling 330.996.7711 . (summahealth.org)
  • A sleep disorder can wreak havoc on your life. (1stsleepapnea.com)
  • If you're not sleeping well, you might have a treatable sleeping disorder. (1stsleepapnea.com)
  • Spouses and family members frequently are the first to suspect a sleep disorder. (chevychaseent.com)
  • Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. (davidsonfamilydentistry.com)
  • This sleep disorder is quite serious. (konigdds.com)
  • Diving headfirst into the realm of sleep apnea, it's clear that countless individuals across the globe are struggling with this pesky sleep disorder. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by brief, repeated interruptions to normal breathing during sleep. (bristolparkdental.com)
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder that is associated with significant morbidity. (cdc.gov)
  • A systematic review by Kuang et al found that sleep bruxism is more common in adults with sleep-related gastroesophageal reflux disease, restless leg syndrome, periodic limb movement during sleep, obstructive sleep apnea, REM behavior disorder, and sleep-related epilepsy than in the general population. (medscape.com)
  • A Machine Learning Approach for Detecting Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. (cdc.gov)
  • Many symptoms can be written off as stress, nasal congestion, poor eating habits or uncomfortable sleeping positions. (summahealth.org)
  • Multiple linear regression techniques identified and ranked neck circumference (r2 = 7.2%), cigarette consumption (r2 = 3.4%), and nasal stuffiness (r2 = 2%) as the only significant independent predictors of snoring. (bmj.com)
  • This study shows that snoring in this randomly selected population correlates best with neck size, smoking, and nasal stuffiness. (bmj.com)
  • It may also be a red flag that you have a treatable health condition that is interfering with breathing while you sleep-such as nasal congestion caused by a sinus infection or allergy, nasal polyps (noncancerous growths in the nose) or a deviated septum. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Addressing other anatomical areas which might contribute to snoring including nasal obstruction (deviated septum, turbinate enlargement or nasal polyps) and tongue base obstruction. (chevychaseent.com)
  • Correcting nasal obstructive anatomy can improve sleep apnea in selected individuals. (chevychaseent.com)
  • If other medical problems are present, such as congestive heart failure or nasal obstruction, sleep apnea may resolve with treatment of these conditions. (cdc.gov)
  • If left untreated, sleep apnea can cause extreme fatigue and an increased risk of car accidents, as well as other significant side effects, such as a high risk of heart attacks, heart failure, and strokes. (summahealth.org)
  • Even mild apnea can raise your blood pressure, trigger diabetes, make it difficult to lose weight, and give you a feeling of chronic fatigue! (eccellasmiles.com)
  • General indications for surgical intervention include mild obstructive sleep apnea with excessive daytime fatigue, an apnea-hypopnea index of 15 or more, oxyhemoglobin desaturation less than 90%, and/or cardiac arrhythmias associated with obstructions. (medscape.com)
  • In the main centres we have consultation clinics accomodating a wide range of diagnostic testing and treatment services for snoring , sleep apnoea , insomnia , sleep/wake cycles , restless legs , and others. (sleepwellclinic.co.nz)
  • Some people with chronic trouble sleeping (insomnia) are more likely to have mental health problems. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Sleeping pills are the best treatment for insomnia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Insomnia is characterized by an inability to initiate or maintain sleep. (cdc.gov)
  • Chronic psychophysiological insomnia (or "learned" or "conditioned" insomnia) may result from a stressor combined with fear of being unable to sleep. (cdc.gov)
  • Health care providers may treat chronic insomnia with a combination of use of sedative-hypnotic or sedating antidepressant medications, along with behavioral techniques to promote regular sleep. (cdc.gov)
  • Among snorers, a doubling of the concentrations of three estrogens (17β-estradiol, estrone and estrone 3-sulfate) was associated with 17% to 23% decreased odds of women having been told they breathe irregularly during sleep. (sciencedaily.com)
  • There are a number of ways that a practitioner could help you improve your sleep hygiene and the way you breathe at night. (shdc.com.au)
  • Ryan Soose, MD, Otolaryngologist and Sleep Medicine Physician at UPMC said, "It allows the patient to breathe in freely, but when they breathe out the valves close, generating extra air pressure back in the breathing passages. (winknews.com)
  • But as soon as you sleep, your body is forced to breathe horizontally, meaning that gravity works against your airways. (woodyknows.com)
  • Excess weight can contribute to the narrowing of the airways, making it harder to breathe properly during sleep. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • When you breathe in, the walls of the throat begin to vibrate, which results in snoring. (sommeilmtl.com)
  • Snoring happens when soft tissues in your nose and throat flutter as you breathe. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Snoring, excessive daytime somnolence, restless sleep, and apnea are manifestations of sleep-disordered breathing. (medscape.com)
  • Sleep Apnoea is the condition in which breathing ceases for about ten seconds while a person is sleeping. (shdc.com.au)
  • Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) can also have a significant impact on your overall health. (shdc.com.au)
  • If you answer yes to any of these, it is worthwhile visiting for an assessment of your sleeping and breathing. (shdc.com.au)
  • Depending upon this result, it may be beneficial for you to pursue a custom fitted appliance to assist with your sleep disordered breathing. (shdc.com.au)
  • What is the relationship between sleeping & breathing and my oral & general health? (shdc.com.au)
  • It is a combination of quantity (getting enough sleep) and quality (breathing well while you are asleep). (shdc.com.au)
  • In fact, a sleep apnea patient will actually stop breathing for 10, 20, 30 or more seconds. (eccellasmiles.com)
  • Thus, while the breathing procedure is the same at night, the tissues around you vibrate and snore. (woodyknows.com)
  • It is particularly recommended to sleep on the left side as it allows the best blood flow and creates little or no breathing resistance. (woodyknows.com)
  • These problems, in turn, can lead to mouth breathing and contribute to snoring. (brentwoodent.com)
  • Obstructive sleep apnea is defined as a reduction or cessation of breathing during sleep due to blockage of the nose and/or throat. (brentwoodent.com)
  • This can result in a decrease in oxygen in the blood and disruptions in sleep in which the body attempts to restart breathing. (brentwoodent.com)
  • The sleep study involves spending a night at a sleep lab where your breathing, heart rate, oxygen level, and other physiologic functions are measured and recorded. (brentwoodent.com)
  • Snoring is the sound of partially obstructed breathing during sleep. (springpremierdental.com)
  • Snoring is the sound of obstructed breathing, which can be caused by some basic factors, such as poor muscle tone, bulky throat tissue, or a long soft palate or uvula. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • People with sleep apnea have brief interruptions in breathing throughout their sleep. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Are you or your loved ones struggling with disruptive snoring or experiencing frequent interruptions in breathing during sleep? (herabeautyandwellness.com)
  • We have the latest diagnostic equipment for measuring body mass index, frequency of breathing, and other signs of snoring and OSA. (roomchang.com)
  • If you have difficulty breathing through your nose, whether from an anatomical problem or allergies, you are more likely to develop obstructive sleep apnea. (davidsonfamilydentistry.com)
  • As a result, the respiratory muscles become more efficient, leading to improved breathing patterns, especially during sleep. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • Poor posture and inefficient breathing techniques can exacerbate sleep apnea symptoms, so addressing these issues can be beneficial. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • These exercises can be practiced throughout the day and before bedtime to encourage relaxed and efficient breathing during sleep. (shieldsnoring.com)
  • Dr. Bulnes-Newton is an active member of the American Dental Association, the Florida Dental Association, the West Coast District Dental Association, the Hillsborough County Dental Association, the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, and the American Sleep and Breathing Academy. (sleepapneasolutionstampa.com)
  • Never ignore snoring as it can be a sign of a major breathing problem. (marcandmandy.com)
  • Sleep apnea is when you stop breathing for short periods of time in your sleep. (marcandmandy.com)
  • If sleep apnea is not already present with mouth breathing, it can cause problems in this area. (ladydentistanchorage.com)
  • If you stop breathing while you're sleeping, you may have a condition called sleep apnea. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Snoring is breathing with a snorting, raspy sound while asleep. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sleep Apnea Sleep apnea is when your breathing slows or stops for a short time while you're sleeping and then restarts. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In a sleep test, doctors monitor your breathing and other things related to sleep. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sleep apnea happens when your breathing stops and starts while you are sleeping. (medlineplus.gov)
  • He had mild, intermittent snoring, but his wife did not observe cessation of breathing during the night. (medscape.com)
  • If you've ever wondered how to go about finding relief from chronic snoring, you might be surprised to learn that the answer might be found at your dentist's office . (brentcornelius.com)
  • At Sydney Holistic Dental Centre , there are a number of ways we can treat sleep problems and snoring. (shdc.com.au)
  • Dr. Shapira has over 40 years of experience in dental sleep medicine. (ihatecpap.com)
  • Your American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine dentist and sleep physician will work together with you to determine the best course of therapy. (springpremierdental.com)
  • To learn more about dental sleep medicine, please talk to your dentist and physician or visit the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine website at aadsm.org. (springpremierdental.com)
  • Roomchang Dental Hospital is the only hospital in Cambodia which offer a new advanced technology solution to snoring and OSA. (roomchang.com)
  • Dr. Bulnes-Newton has been practicing dentistry for over 21 years, focusing on dental sleep medicine for over 12 years. (sleepapneasolutionstampa.com)
  • Dental sleep medicine expert Dr. Juliet Bulnes-Newton also specializes in teaching other dentists and dental students. (sleepapneasolutionstampa.com)
  • If the sleep apnea is due to a developmental deficiency, she may prescribe exercises for alignment or a dental appliance. (ladydentistanchorage.com)
  • This new area in dentistry increasingly demands dental surgeons to be skilled in sleep dentistry so that they can handle, understand and treat these diseases correctly. (bvsalud.org)