Situ to chromosomes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Diagnostic markers for eight Thinopyrum distichum addition chromosomes in Triticum turgidum were established using C-banding, in situ hybridization, and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. (nih.gov)
Simultaneous fluorescence in situ hybridization showed both 5S and 18S-5.8S-26S ribosomal RNA genes to be located on chromosome IV. (nih.gov)
The overall aim of this project was to develop the technique of chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS) hybridization using whole chromosome specific libraries (chromosome painting) and to apply it to the investigation of diagnostic problems in clinical cytogenetics. (gla.ac.uk)
Initially to gain experience with non-isotopic in situ hybridization, repetitive target probes DYS59 (GMY10) and DYS58 (GMGY7) were used. (gla.ac.uk)
Hybridization when carried out at 37C for 15 to 20 hours showed good hybridization with chromosome morphology undisturbed. (gla.ac.uk)
Prebanding of slides prior to hybridization did not affect the target chromosomes, however, incomplete destaining did hinder probe penetration and interfere with counterstaining. (gla.ac.uk)
To study the incidence of trisomy 3 and its implications for the pathogenesis of PGL in Hong Kong, we have applied the technique of chromosome in situ hybridization in 13 cases of PGL by using archival paraffin-embedded tissue sections. (hku.hk)
In situ hybridization with a blotin-labeled DNA probe was used to detect wheatrye translocations. (illinois.edu)
As a result of the formation of a brown precipitate over sites of hybridization in this technique, the rye chromosomes were entirely brown in color, whereas the wheat chromosomes appeared blue. (illinois.edu)
We characterized the breakpoints in these fifteen cases (two of which were ascertained prenatally), using a combination of high-resolution GTG-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), and data from the Human Genome Project. (nih.gov)
Here we show the validity of this assumption by employing an in situ hybridization technique in which the final label was the precipitated product of a peroxidase/diaminebenzidine reaction. (utwente.nl)
After hybridization of the DNA probe pUC1.77 that recognizes the heterochromatic region of human chromosome 1 (1q12), the AFM clearly detects the sites of in situ hybridization. (utwente.nl)
In situ hybridization with DNA probe p1-79 results in clear marking of the telomere region 1p36. (utwente.nl)
A method is described for visualizing three nucleic acid sequences simultaneously by in situ hybridization using a new blue immunofluorescent label, amino methyl coumarin acetic acid (AMCA), in combination with green and red fluorescing FITC and TRITC. (nih.gov)
Three-color in situ hybridization was applied to the study of numerical chromosome abnormalities as occur in human solid tumors. (nih.gov)
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a molecular cytogenetic technique that uses fluorescent probes that bind to only particular parts of a nucleic acid sequence with a high degree of sequence complementarity. (wikipedia.org)
It is critical for the hybridization process to have all optimal conditions to have a successful in situ result, including temperature, pH, salt concentration, and time of the hybridization reaction. (wikipedia.org)
Objectives: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of combining fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) measurement of chromosome 9 and DNA cytometry of bladder irrigation specimens in the detection of bladder cancer. (johnshopkins.edu)
Both the major rDNA (18S rDNA) and the minor rDNA (5S rDNA) were located on the C. semilaevis chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (geneticsmr.com)
A short introduction how cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics were established is followed by technical aspects of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (frontiersin.org)
This review is about "molecular cytogenetics" including 1) the historical perspective of its development from cytogenetics, 2) technical aspects, 3) available probe sets, and 4) variants and applications of the basic fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach. (frontiersin.org)
As a result the two subtelomeric ends became the middle of chromosome 2, which is why we get hybridization of the probe there. (washington.edu)
Delve into the vibrant sector of the global fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probe market, a domain exhibiting unprecedented growth powered by escalating demand and scientific progression. (researchandmarkets.com)
The global fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probe market size reached US$ 816 Million in 2022. (researchandmarkets.com)
Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization (FISH) Probe refers to a sub-atomic cytogenetic technique that uses fluorescent probes to visualize genetic materials. (researchandmarkets.com)
The report provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probe market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2023-2028. (researchandmarkets.com)
The chromosome number was examined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. (cdc.gov)
Assignment of the human PLC delta4 gene (PLCD4) to human chromosome band 2q35 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. (nih.gov)
These tests include chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). (msdmanuals.com)

To investigate the possibility that a novel candidate gene for XLMR was disrupted at the X chromosome translocation breakpoint, we mapped the breakpoint using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). (bmj.com)
Here we describe a protocol for fluorescence in situ hybridisation that can help evaluate the ratio between spermatozoa carrying either of the two sex chromosomes in the ejaculate, and determine the male's contribution to the sexual conflict. (researchsquare.com)
Translocations in peripheral blood lymphocytes were scored by using fluorescence in situ hybridisation whole-chromosome painting. (cambridge.org)

fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) using five different repetitive DNA-probes showed a pericentric inversion of 1R in both lines. (unboundmedicine.com)
Fluorescence microscopy can be used to find out where the fluorescent probe is bound to the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
This image shows chromosomes with fluorescent R-bands. (washington.edu)

Characterisation of breakpoints in patients with apparently balanced constitutional chromosome rearrangements and phenotypic abnormalities has proved an invaluable strategy for identifying disease causing genes, especially those on the X chromosome. (bmj.com)
3- 6 Phenotypic abnormalities seen in cases with apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements have usually been explained by the disruption of a gene at the breakpoint causing the loss of gene function. (bmj.com)
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that deletions of varying sizes in de novo apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements are a significant cause of phenotypic abnormalities. (nih.gov)
The study of chromosomes and their abnormalities is known as cytogenetics. (wakehealth.edu)
Chromosome abnormalities constitute a major category of medical genetic disorders. (wakehealth.edu)
To identify chromosome abnormalities detectable by routine cytogenetic analysis. (wakehealth.edu)
To identify chromosome abnormalities that can be detected by routine cytogenetic analysis. (wakehealth.edu)
FISH Probe, a sophisticated cytogenetic technique, plays a crucial role in identifying severe genetic diseases, monitoring therapeutic drugs, and tracking the abnormalities in chromosomes. (researchandmarkets.com)
They are used to identify structural and numerical abnormalities in chromosomes, therapeutic drug monitoring and the identification of rare genetic diseases. (researchandmarkets.com)
Quantified testicular histology in boys with sex chromosome abnormalities. (springer.com)
The technique can help identify abnormalities that can cause implantation failure during IVF, as well as uncover conditions like Down syndrome (which is caused by an extra chromosome). (sdfertility.com)
Our embryology team then screens the chromosomes to check for abnormalities, extra copies of chromosomes, or missing chromosomes. (sdfertility.com)
Abnormalities included changes in mitotic spindles, including multiple poles that resulted in aneuploid chromosome number. (cdc.gov)
Exposure to agents that interfere with the formation and movement of the mitotic spindle apparatus and cause abnormalities in chromosome number result in a greater risk of cancer. (cdc.gov)
Chromosomal abnormalities Genetic disorders are disorders caused by abnormalities in one or more genes or chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
Larger abnormalities may be visible with a microscope in a test called chromosome analysis or karyotyping. (msdmanuals.com)
Smaller chromosome abnormalities can be identified using specialized genetic tests that scan a person's chromosomes for extra or missing parts. (msdmanuals.com)
Numerical abnormalities occur when a person has one or more extra copies of a chromosome (for example, one extra is trisomy, and two extra is tetrasomy) or is missing a chromosome (monosomy). (msdmanuals.com)

An error in one of the genes on chromosome 15 causes Angelman syndrome. (medicinenet.com)
Chromosomes contain thousands of genes that are stored in DNA, the basic genetic material. (medlineplus.gov)
A team of IAE scientists determined the physical location of 242 tammar wallaby genes on their eight pairs of chromosomes. (edu.au)
They used a technique that fluorescently tags genes, enabling their location on a chromosome to be visualised. (edu.au)
Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. (lu.se)
Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person's genes. (msdmanuals.com)
Each chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes. (msdmanuals.com)
A chromosome contains many genes. (msdmanuals.com)
See also Genes and Chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)

Labelling of the library by nick-translation and random priming did not achieve decoration of the whole chromosome 21 but direct labelling of Biotin-ll-dUTP by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was found to be efficient and overcame the problem of non-homogenous painting of the target chromosome. (gla.ac.uk)
Most alien wheat lines carry whole chromosome arms, and it is notable that these lines showed intra-arm recombination within the 1BS arm. (nature.com)
Locus specific, Alphoid/centromeric repeat and whole chromosome probes are some of the types of FISH probes that are being commonly used. (researchandmarkets.com)

Three chromosome-specific repetitive probes labeled with either amino acetyl fluorene (AAF), mercury, or biotin were hybridized simultaneously to metaphase chromosomes prepared from human blood lymphocytes or to interphase tumor nuclei. (nih.gov)
They exhibit various advantageous properties, such as high sensitivity and accuracy in recognizing targeted sequences, direct application to both metaphase chromosomes and interphase nuclei and accurate visualization of hybrid signals at the single-cell level. (researchandmarkets.com)

Seven different mildew resistant wheat lines derived from crosses between triticale and bread wheat were examined by molecular cytogenetics and chromosome C-banding in order to determine their chromosomal composition. (unboundmedicine.com)

Conclusions: The lack of increase with grade in the percentage of positive specimens by FISH supports the hypothesis that chromosome 9 aberrations are critical events in bladder tumorigenesis for many patients. (johnshopkins.edu)

1985) described polytene chromosomes as giant chromosomes produced by changes in the mitotic cycle during the interphase stage. (scielo.br)
The endomitotic cycle (endomitosis) starts with a normal prophase (endoprophase), after which the chromosome contracts further (endometaphase), their sister chromatids separate from each other (endoanaphase) and decondense to assume the interphase nuclear structure, resulting in polyploid cells, with double the chromosome number (endopolyploidy) at the end of each cycle. (scielo.br)

FISH allows the analysis of a large series of archival cases much easier to identify the pinpointed chromosome by creating a probe with an artificial chromosomal foundation that will attract similar chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
PGS screens for a number of common embryonic chromosomal disorders, including a condition called aneuploidy - where embryos have too few or too many chromosomes. (sdfertility.com)

Genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) showed the presence of rye germplasm in all the lines and identified three substitution lines, three double substitution lines and one addition-substitution line. (unboundmedicine.com)
PCR-based markers and cytogenetic analysis with genomic in situ hybridisation were applied to identify alien chromatin in four genetically diverse populations of wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) lines incorporating chromosome segments from Thinopyrum intermedium and Secale cereale (rye). (nature.com)
Intriguingly, we found that the X chromosome breakpoint in the daughter could not be defined by a single breakpoint spanning genomic clone and further analysis showed a 650 kb submicroscopic duplication between DXS7067 and DXS7060 on either side of the X chromosome translocation breakpoint. (bmj.com)
These data demonstrate the presence of cells in irrigation specimens with specific genomic lesions of chromosome 9 and DNA content. (johnshopkins.edu)

The artificial chromosomes (BAC) can be grown, extracted, and labeled, in any lab containing a library. (wikipedia.org)

The overall distribution of this DNA probe in the rye chromosomes has not been detected previously with the use of radioactively labeled probes. (illinois.edu)

Polytene chromosomes are structures found in highly specialized tissues in some animal and plant species, which are amplified through successive cycles of endoreduplication, finally producing several copies of each chromosome. (scielo.br)
In plants, polytene chromosomes have been observed in only a few species, and seemed to be restricted to ovary and immature seed tissues, e.g., in Phaseolus coccineus and P. vulgaris (Nagl, 1981), until relatively recently, when they were observed in the cells of the anther tapetum of Vigna unguiculata (Guerra and Carvalheira, 1994) and of some Phaseolus species (Carvalheira and Guerra, 1994). (scielo.br)

Karyotyping human chromosomes by combinatorial multi-fluor FISH. (wikidata.org)
Karyotyping is a test to examine chromosomes in a sample of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Chemotherapy may cause chromosome breaks that affect normal karyotyping results. (medlineplus.gov)

The low density and small size of these bridges, and aneuploid chromosome number biologically persistent particles makes respiratory were observed. (cdc.gov)

18- 21 Xq28 is a highly gene rich region of the human X chromosome and we focused on the X chromosome breakpoint as the identification of a disrupted gene here would be a rapid way to identify a further candidate gene for X linked mental retardation within Xq28. (bmj.com)
Angelman syndrome is caused by the mutation or complete deletion of a specific gene on a chromosome. (medicinenet.com)
He suggested to introduce the term chromosomics being equal to cytogenomics to bring the three-dimensional morphologically of chromosomes into the focus of research, as this is essential for gene regulation. (frontiersin.org)
This image shows a probe for the Xist gene, on the X chromosome. (washington.edu)
Chromosomes have undergone changes in gene arrangement throughout evolution. (edu.au)
The team compared this gene organisation to the South American opossum and predicted what the chromosomes of the ancestor of all marsupials would have looked like. (edu.au)
Further studies indicate that the CCND2 gene is present at chromosome band 12p13 and CCND2 is overexpressed in most GCTs, including CIS. (medscape.com)

C-banding identified rye chromosomes 1R and 4R in the addition-substitution line, rye chromosomes 1R and 6R in two substitution lines and 1R and 2R in the third line, and rye chromosome 1R in the three substitution lines. (unboundmedicine.com)
In addition to routine chromosome analysis, we perform high-resolution and specialized banding techniques. (wakehealth.edu)

Chromosome 9 copy number was determined on a cellular basis by FISH, and cellular DNA content was determined by Feulgen DNA staining and image cytometry. (johnshopkins.edu)
Results: Sensitivity of chromosome 9 FISH was 42% for all tumors and was not correlated to transitional cell carcinoma tumor grade, while the sensitivity of DNA cytometry was 55% and improved with increasing grade from 38% for grade 1 to 90% for grade 3 tumors. (johnshopkins.edu)
Combining FISH on chromosome 9 and DNA cytometry provides an in sensitivity to transitional cell carcinoma over either test alone. (johnshopkins.edu)
The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)
Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)
FISH screening analyzes some (not all) of the chromosomes. (sdfertility.com)

Every normal human cell, except for sperm and egg cells, has 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
Sperm and egg cells have only one of each pair of chromosomes for a total of 23. (msdmanuals.com)
Except for certain cells (for example, sperm and egg cells and red blood cells), the cell nucleus contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)

distichum chromosomes IV and VII and chromosomes of other members of the Triticeae was discussed by comparing results obtained using these physical and molecular markers. (nih.gov)
Various molecular events involving chromosome 3 may be related to the pathogenesis of this group of lymphomas. (hku.hk)
They used molecular techniques to analyse the sex chromosomes of dragons, showing that the sex reversed females were genetically male. (edu.au)

The probe containing a 120-bp repetitive DNA sequence from rye, hybridized to the entire length of all rye chromosomes, but only to a few sites in 14 wheat chromosomes. (illinois.edu)
Chromosome fusions and repetitive sequence accumulations might have occurred in C. semilaevis . (geneticsmr.com)

Karyotype tests should be repeated to confirm that an abnormal chromosome problem is actually in the body of the person. (medlineplus.gov)
These findings indicate that these SWCNTs can enter the nucleus, inducing mitotic spindle disruption and abnormal chromosome number. (cdc.gov)

distichum chromosome pairs also carried 5S rRNA loci. (nih.gov)
Only the healthy embryos showing normal chromosome pairs are transferred into the uterus. (sdfertility.com)
are one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)

Chromosome analysis, or karyotype, refers to the ordered pairing of homologous chromosomes. (wakehealth.edu)

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the cell's genetic material, contained in chromosomes within the cell nucleus and mitochondria. (msdmanuals.com)

One inherits both copies of chromosome 15 from their father. (medicinenet.com)
One of the earliest events is the increased copy number of 12p, either as 1 or more copies of i(12p)-an isochromosome of the short arm of chromosome 12-or as tandem duplications of chromosome arm 12p. (medscape.com)

Thinopyrum distichum chromosome VII carried only a 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA locus and chromosome pair II carried only a 5S rRNA locus. (nih.gov)

Due to chromosome aneuploidy, KS children undergo a progressive testicular impairment leading to spermatogenic failure and infertility (Foresta et al. (springer.com)

distichum chromosome IV was different from that on wheat chromosome pair 1B. (nih.gov)

The W chromosome is morphologically larger and has been considered evolutionarily younger than any other chromosome in the set. (geneticsmr.com)

A comparison with ape chromosomes shows that the human chromosome 2 is the result of an end to end fusion of two ancestral chromosomes. (washington.edu)
Contain a diploid set of chromosomes and make up the majority of human cells. (proprofs.com)

[ 3 ] This abnormality is found in occult carcinoma in situ lesions as well as more advanced disease. (medscape.com)

It was developed by biomedical researchers in the early 1980s to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)

In females, there was an additional 18S rDNA signal mapping to the telomeric region of the W chromosome long arm. (geneticsmr.com)

Replication studies in the mother and daughter showed a skewed X inactivation pattern in lymphocytes, with the normal X chromosome preferentially inactivated. (bmj.com)

The role of the rye chromosomes in the mildew resistance, the utilisation of the inverted 1R and the significance of the lines in wheat breeding are discussed. (unboundmedicine.com)

The laboratory specialist uses a microscope to examine the size, shape, and number of chromosomes in the cell sample. (medlineplus.gov)

The prevailing assumption has been that males produce approximately equal numbers of X and Y chromosome bearing spermatozoa in large quantities and that they have no say in this regard. (researchsquare.com)
There are 2 sex chromosomes, called X and Y. Females typically have two X chromosomes (XX) and males typically have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY). (msdmanuals.com)

The distinguishable appearance of the wheat and rye chromosomes resulted in an efficient and sensitive method of detecting translocations. (illinois.edu)

Nevertheless, together with benchmarking analyses, we show here that the diametric ratio approach can be applied for evaluating the physiological conditions experienced by microbes in situ. (osti.gov)

Certain areas on your cells' chromosomes are stained to identify large genetic changes. (healthline.com)
To explain the origin of occult carcinoma in situ cells, 2 models have been proposed. (medscape.com)

The study then progressed into the development of the chromosome painting technique. (gla.ac.uk)

The stained sample is photographed to show the arrangement of the chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
Certain problems can be identified through the number or arrangement of the chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)

However, this organism has never been long arm of chromosome 5 or 7. (cdc.gov)

Once homogeneous painting had been achieved the probe was applied for chromosome painting. (gla.ac.uk)

For this reason, they have been very important in elucidating chromosome fine structure and physiology, especially in diptera. (scielo.br)

Anatomy68

Organisms10

Diseases28

Chemicals and Drugs27

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes167

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Hybridization29

Fluorescence in situ hybri3

Fluorescent3

Abnormalities18

Genes9

Whole chromosome3

Metaphase chromosomes2

Cytogenetics1

Aberrations1

Interphase2

Chromosomal2

Genomic4

Artificial chromosomes1

Probes1

Polytene chromosomes2

Karyotyping3

Aneuploid chromosome1

Gene7

Banding2

FISH6

Sperm3

Molecular3

Repetitive2

Abnormal chromosome2

Pairs3

Karyotype1

Cell Nucleus1

Copies2

Thinopyrum1

Aneuploidy1

Pair1

Morphologically1

Human2

Lesions1

Sequences1

RDNA1

Lymphocytes1

Resistance1

Microscope1

Males2

Wheat1

Analyses1

Cells2

Technique1

Arrangement2

Organism1

Painting1

Physiology1