Site specific recombination. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, their circularity makes homologous recombination a threat to their integrity and maintenance. (gla.ac.uk)
Any number of homologous recombination events between linear homologous chromosomes generates linear products that have the same overall structure as their parents. (gla.ac.uk)
It has been proposed that this recombination converts chromosome multimers formed by homologous recombination back to monomers in order that they can be segregated prior to cell division. (gla.ac.uk)
Homologous recombination inserts the DNA and disrupts the target gene, allowing rapid selection of cells with the inserted gene. (i-sis.org.uk)
We have optimized protocols for gene targeting using homologous recombination and site-specific integration and insertion. (ca.gov)
It relies on generation of recombinant virus by site-specific transposition in E. coli (DH10Bac™) rather than homologous recombination in insect cells. (fishersci.com)
Collapsed forks can be rescued by homologous recombination, which restarts replication. (elifesciences.org)
An engineered vector that is able to take part in homologous recombination in a host with the intent of introducing site specific genomic modifications. (sequenceontology.org)
These natural processes, as homologous recombination, transposition and site-specific recombination have already done, can provide models for artificial genetic engineering. (genetherapynet.com)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

Recent genomic analysis of an epidemic ribotype 027 (RT027) Clostridioides difficile strain revealed the presence of several chromosomal site-specific invertible sites hypothesized to control the expression of adjacent genes in a bimodal on-off mode. (nih.gov)
Genes to be inserted by legitimate recombination need to be flanked by short sequences of the gene at the insertion site. (i-sis.org.uk)
This review focuses on recent reports demonstrating the elimination of undesirable transgenes (essentially selectable marker and recombinase genes) from the plant genome and concomitant activation of a silent transgene (e.g., a reporter gene) mediated by different site-specific recombinases driven by constitutive or chemically, environmentally or developmentally regulated promoters. (bioone.org)
Most of these genes encode transcription factors that are expressed in bands or stripes at specific positions along the anterior posterior axis. (nyu.edu)
In our first experiments, we have used genetic experiments to flatten the Bcd gradient, and then measured the amounts of Bcd required for activating specific target genes. (nyu.edu)
First, we use bio-informatics methods and published ChIP-Chip data to identify all clusters of Bicoid-binding sites that are similar to those in the known target genes. (nyu.edu)
The development of biotech wheat could benefit from the use of site-specific recombination systems that involve efficient excision of marker genes used to identify transformants. (isaaa.org)
The second step is somatic hypermutation (SHM) and involves the introduction of point mutations in the V regions (antigen-binding sites) of the Ig genes, resulting in an expansion of the antibody repertoire to generate high-affinity antigen-specific antibodies. (medscape.com)
class-switch recombination (switching from IgM to IgG, IgA, or IgE) and somatic hypermutation (introduction of point mutations in the V regions of the Ig genes, the antigen-biding sites, resulting in an expansion of the antibody repertoire to generate high-affinity antigen-specific antibodies). (medscape.com)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
Intragenic recombination among ospC genes is known, but the extent to which recombination extended beyond the ospC locus itself is undefined. (cdc.gov)
Over time, OspC genes were transferred between strains through recombinations involving the whole or parts of the gene and one or both flanks. (cdc.gov)

Site-specific recombination, also known as conservative site-specific recombination, is a type of genetic recombination in which DNA strand exchange takes place between segments possessing at least a certain degree of sequence homology. (wikipedia.org)

The replication terminus region of the E. coli chromosome encodes a locus, dif, that is required for normal chromosome segregation at cell division, dif is a substrate for site-specific recombination catalysed by the related chromosomally encoded recombinases XerC and XerD. (gla.ac.uk)
Eukaryotic DNA replication initiates at multiple origin sites along each chromosome and terminates when replication forks (RFs) from adjacent origins converge. (elifesciences.org)
This so-called recombination-dependent replication (RDR) helps ensure that DNA is fully replicated prior to sister chromatid segregation, thereby avoiding mitotic catastrophes. (elifesciences.org)
Between the loxP sites lies an origin of replication and an ampicillin resistance gene. (neb.com)

The use of site-specific recombination to remove undesired DNA from the plant genome and concomitantly, via excision-mediated DNA rearrangement, switch-activate by choice transgenes of agronomical, food or feed quality traits provides a versatile "transgene maintenance and control" strategy that can significantly contribute to the transfer of transgenic laboratory developments into farming practice. (bioone.org)
Integrase (Int), excisionase (Xis), and integration host factor (IHF) are the enzymes that catalyze the integration and excision of the viral genome, at the previously mentioned att sites of the viral and host genomes. (igem.org)
Overall, these assays and approaches detect specific mutations or features such as insertions, deletions and point mutations in the SARS CoV-2 genome that are characteristic of a particular VOC/VOI using PCR. (who.int)
Whole-genome sequences were generated for preservation of the primary attenuation site [domain V in the these 251 nOPV2 cell-culture isolates. (cdc.gov)

in other systems a number of accessory proteins and/or accessory sites are required. (wikipedia.org)
It is shown that the only DNA sequences required for wild-type dif function in the terminus region of the chromosome are contained within 33 bp known to bind XerC and XerD, and that certain active site residues of the Xer proteins known to be involved in the catalysis of recombination are required for normal chromosome segregation. (gla.ac.uk)
One method developed for making high ethanol yeast, for example, involves site-specific mutagenesis (see below) of regulatory proteins controlling a metabolic network for ethanol production, to make the yeast tolerate high levels of ethanol and glucose [2]. (i-sis.org.uk)
The phosphorylated receptor provides multiple docking sites that recruit STAT proteins, of which there are six family members (STAT1-6) ( Pellegrini and Dusanter-Fourt, 1997 ). (jneurosci.org)
We find that this type of non-canonical fork convergence in fission yeast is prone to trigger deletions between repetitive DNA sequences via a mechanism we call Inter-Fork Strand Annealing (IFSA) that depends on the recombination proteins Rad52, Exo1 and Mus81, and is countered by the FANCM-related DNA helicase Fml1. (elifesciences.org)
Nucleolytic resection of this end generates the requisite ssDNA tail onto which the recombination proteins can load and drive the restart process ( Berti and Vindigni, 2016 ). (elifesciences.org)
The immunophenotypic and immunogenotypic B-cell differentiation arrest in bone marrow of RAG-deficient SCID patients corresponds to residual recombination activities of mutated RAG proteins. (lu.se)

It is also shown that recombination by the loxP/Cre system of bacteriophage PI will suppress the phenotype of a dif deletion strain when loxP is inserted in the terminus region. (gla.ac.uk)
Since neither the dif/Xer, nor the loxP/Cie system caused this suppression when located in other positions on the chromosome, close to oriC or within lacZ, this reinforces the idea that site-specific recombination must occur in the terminus region in order to allow normal chromosome segregation. (gla.ac.uk)
To determine its biological function in reproduction, we used Cre (cAMP response element)/LoxP technology to generate GnRH neuron-specific Jak2 conditional knock-out (Jak2 G −/− ) mice. (jneurosci.org)
Cre Recombinase ( NEB #M0298 ) is a Type I topoisomerase from bacteriophage P1 that catalyzes the site-specific recombination of DNA between loxP sites (1). (neb.com)
Recombination products depend on the location and relative orientation of the loxP sites. (neb.com)
Two DNA species containing single loxP sites will be fused. (neb.com)
DNA between directly repeated loxP sites will be excised in circular form while DNA between opposing loxP sites will be inverted with respect to external sequences. (neb.com)
It is 3.65 kb in length and has a loxP site approximately 350 bp from each end. (neb.com)
Recombination between these loxP sites by Cre Recombinase produces a circular, ampicillin-resistant plasmid (which migrates at approximately 1.7 kb on a 0.8% agarose gel) and an 850 bp DNA fragment. (neb.com)

The process involves changing specific DNA code words in a particular gene. (i-sis.org.uk)
The mutant oligonucleotide is annealed to the wild type gene in the plasmid, which is amplified to produce plasmids carrying the gene with the specific mutations. (i-sis.org.uk)
Next, the mutant gene is inserted into the yeast at a specific locus, a step that involves legitimate recombination. (i-sis.org.uk)
Activation of each target gene involves direct binding of Bicoid to one or more enhancers that appear as rather tightly linked clusters of Bicoid-binding sites. (nyu.edu)
While collecting an ever-growing number of Bcd-dependent elements, we are using data mining techniques to identify sequence motifs or binding site arrangements that correlate with target gene positioning. (nyu.edu)
Using gene targeting, site-specific integration and reprogramming technology, we have created ALS disease models in human pluripotent stem cells and generated neural lineage reporters which will facilitate the downstream efforts on systemic characterization of these diseased cell lines, at undifferentiated stage and after forced lineage differentiation toward motoneurons and astrocytes. (ca.gov)
These parent-specific differences in gene expression are caused by a phenomenon called genomic imprinting. (medlineplus.gov)
Besides recombinations with traces limited to the ospC gene itself, there was evidence of lateral gene transfers that involved (i) part of the ospC gene and one of the two flanks or (ii) the entire ospC gene and different lengths of both flanks. (cdc.gov)

The pairs of sites between which the recombination occurs are usually identical, but there are exceptions (e.g. attP and attB of λ integrase). (wikipedia.org)
The earliest identified members of the serine recombinase family were known as resolvases or DNA invertases, while the founding member of the tyrosine recombinases, lambda phage integrase (using attP/B recognition sites), differs from the now well-known enzymes such as Cre (from the P1 phage) and FLP (from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae). (wikipedia.org)
In general, Gateway reactions in the lab involve the attB, attP, attL, and attR recombination sites and the integrase (Int), excisionase (Xis), and integration host factor (IHF) enzymes. (igem.org)

We show that phase-variable loci are widespread with some sites being present in virtually all analyzed strains. (nih.gov)

When two transposable elements that are recognized by the same site-specific recombination enzyme (transposase) integrate into neighboring chromosomal sites, the DNA between them can become subject to transposition by the transposase. (howstuffworks.com)

While most preclinical models utilize orthotopic transplantation of established tumor cell lines, the modeling system presented here allows for a "personalized" representation of patient-specific tumor mutations in a gradual, yet effective development from DNA constructs inserted into dividing neural precursor cells (NPCs) in vivo. (bvsalud.org)
However, variants with specific mutations that affect the way the virus behaves are now considered either Variants of Interest (VOI) or Variants of Concern (VOC) with respect to public health implications (1). (who.int)
EUL) pathway in November 2020, allowing for its first use mutations in domain V, no recombination, and 0-5 VP1 substi- for outbreak response in March 2021 ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
Oligoclonal expansion of T lymphocytes with multiple second-site mutations leads to Omenn syndrome in a patient with RAG1-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency. (lu.se)
V(D)J recombination defects in lymphocytes due to RAG mutations: severe immunodeficiency with a spectrum of clinical presentations. (lu.se)
N-terminal RAG1 frameshift mutations in Omenn's syndrome: internal methionine usage leads to partial V(D)J recombination activity and reveals a fundamental role in vivo for the N-terminal domains. (lu.se)

In Escherichia coli and related bacteria, we believe that both plasmids and the bacterial chromosome use site-specific recombination to convert multimers to monomers. (gla.ac.uk)
Evolution of E. coli in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease leads to a disease-specific bacterial genotype and trade-offs with clinical relevance. (mpg.de)
The creation and isolation of specific mutants is a cornerstone of bacterial genetics. (lu.se)

Integrases and their protein co-factors, the recombination directionality factor (RDF) can change the orientation of a specific DNA segment flanked by two recombination sites. (bl.uk)

Thus, USDA scientist James Thomson and colleagues developed a recombination system derived from Mycobacterium smegmati bacteriophage Bxb1. (isaaa.org)

You may not be able to create an account or request plasmids through this website until you upgrade your browser. (addgene.org)

Since the first description of patients with XHIGM by Rosen et al in 1961, several other genetic defects have been reported that are associated with defective Ig class-switch recombination (CSR). (medscape.com)
Once IgM B cells are engaged with antigens, B cells start the secondary antibody repertoire generation by undergoing 2 genetic alterations to improve specificity and avidity of the antibody to specific microorganisms. (medscape.com)
Global nOPV2 genomic surveillance circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) across mul- during March-October 2021 confirmed genetic stability of tiple countries in Africa and Asia in recent years pose a major the primary attenuating site. (cdc.gov)

Lambda phage recombination in E. coli . (igem.org)
The specific ZnO coli collaborated both solid and site-specific longitudinal important authors. (scoutconnection.com)

Furthermore, in our small subset of RT017 and RT078 strains, we detect no evidence of gain or loss of invertible sites in historic versus modern isolates demonstrating the relative stability of those genomic elements. (nih.gov)

Recombination between two DNA sites begins by the recognition and binding of these sites - one site on each of two separate double-stranded DNA molecules, or at least two distant segments of the same molecule - by the recombinase enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
During strand exchange, each double-stranded DNA molecule is cut at a fixed point within the crossover region of the recognition site, releasing a deoxyribose hydroxyl group, while the recombinase enzyme forms a transient covalent bond to a DNA backbone phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
Their procedure involves the enzyme-catalyzed exchange of parts flanked by specific recombination sites. (igem.org)
We also offer solutions for automation, site-directed mutagenesis, as well as your favorite restriction enzyme, ligase or competent cell products. (neb.com)

They are very picky eaters - a specific type of phage will usually attack only a specific type of bacteria, often just a specific strain. (lu.se)

Site-specific recombination systems are highly specific, fast, and efficient, even when faced with complex eukaryotic genomes. (wikipedia.org)

Recombination sites are typically between 30 and 200 nucleotides in length and consist of two motifs with a partial inverted-repeat symmetry, to which the recombinase binds, and which flank a central crossover sequence at which the recombination takes place. (wikipedia.org)
Based on amino acid sequence homologies and mechanistic relatedness, most site-specific recombinases are grouped into one of two families: the tyrosine (Tyr) recombinase family or serine (Ser) recombinase family. (wikipedia.org)

Our goal is to convey a picture of pattern formation that draws attention to the principles rather than solely to specific molecular mechanisms. (mpi-cbg.de)
By understanding how these elements work, we hope to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in position-specific activation and repression of transcription. (nyu.edu)

Enzymes known as site-specific recombinases (SSRs) perform rearrangements of DNA segments by recognizing and binding to short, specific DNA sequences (sites), at which they cleave the DNA backbone, exchange the two DNA helices involved, and rejoin the DNA strands. (wikipedia.org)

Based on the findings published in the Plant Molecular Biology Reporter , the research team confirmed that Bxb1 recombinase is heritable in GM wheat plants and performs site-specific excision. (isaaa.org)
Antibody binding sites provide an adaptable surface capable of interacting with essentially any molecular target. (lu.se)

In regions where B. burgdorferi is enzootic, sites as small as a few hectares have between 9 and 15 strains ( 4 - 6 ). (cdc.gov)

To address this limitation, we engineer therapeutic bacteria to be controlled by focused ultrasound, a form of energy that can be applied noninvasively to specific anatomical sites such as solid tumors. (nature.com)

In conclusion, critical residues important for maintaining a human antigen-specific binding site during the process of in vitro antibody evolution were defined. (lu.se)

Furthermore, focal demyelination in A1 permanently disrupts its tonotopic organization 8 and auditory frequency-specific responses in MGB 9 . (biorxiv.org)

In the Invitrogen scheme, the recombination sites are found in pairs flanking sequences that are intended for transfer. (igem.org)

Permits positive selection for inserts using the Spi- phenotype, and excision of phagemid by lox/cre site-specific recombination. (addgene.org)

(12 ). However, the versatility of the system allows the use of any microRNA of choice, including neuron-specific microRNAs ( 14 ). (lu.se)

The Work at home wisdom of different using was a there adjacent recombination: for longitudinal transcripts, the conditional viral processes propose a Newton-Raphson allograft on case. (scoutconnection.com)

Schwann cell loss results in transcriptional reprograming in specific sensory neurons. (biorxiv.org)
The transcriptional response to demyelination among DRG neurons is specific to the large myelinated proprioceptive and Aβ RA-LTMR neurons. (biorxiv.org)

Site-specific mutagenesis has been used to make yeast produce and tolerant high levels of ethanol [2, 7]. (i-sis.org.uk)
In the case of the high ethanol yeast, a commercial kit called the quick change site-specific mutagenesis kit was used. (i-sis.org.uk)
During this part of the course the student will do a project that involves specific or random mutagenesis techniques. (lu.se)

The first step is generation of Ig diversity by recombination of Ig heavy chain, known as class-switch recombination (CSR), switching from IgM to IgG, IgA, or IgE. (medscape.com)

Although int performs both the forward and reverse reactions, the equilibrium heavily favors the reaction of attB and attP to produce attL and attR sites. (igem.org)

This is followed by synapsis, i.e. bringing the sites together to form the synaptic complex. (wikipedia.org)

Dr. Karen Vasquez, Smithville, TX - Processing of site-specific DNA lesions by DNA repair and recombination pathways 1.1.2 VIDEOARCHIVES: INTERNET ACCESS (WORLDWIDE): To date 54 of these videoconferences have been archived and are available for viewing at your leisure on the internet. (bio.net)
March 05, 2003 - Dr. Stephen J. Elledge - Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX - Sensing and Responding to DNA Damage [Note: this talk was part of the NIH Wed afternoon lecture series and was sponsored by: the Mouse Club and Washington Area Yeast Club Interest Group and is now posted on the DNA Repair Interest Group part of the videocast.nih.gov website. (bio.net)

Single-crystalline anatase TiO2 nanobelts with two dominant surfaces of (101) facet exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity over the nanosphere counterparts with an identical crystal phase and similar specific surface area. (cdc.gov)

Using CDR shuffling, residues important for the assembly of mucin-1 specific paratopes were defined by random recombination of the complementarity determining regions derived from a set of mucin-1 specific clones, previously selected from an antibody fragment library. (lu.se)
These particular residues seem to be located centrally in the binding site as indicated by a structure model analysis. (lu.se)

For Work at, the three largest replacement properties are indexed in a principal cell chromatography that examines used precise scientists to sites of lines. (scoutconnection.com)
The use of cell lines does, however, introduce a risk the immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting plasma cell in the spleen, of obtaining cell line-specific features as a result of the trans- gut, or BM [1, 2]. (lu.se)
Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
These strat- egies provide a robust way to visualize and isolate specific cell pop- ulations of differentiated pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
When a microRNA is present in the cell, it binds to the target sites and downregulates GFP expression, while in cells that do not express the microRNA GFP, it is expressed. (lu.se)

In many cases, different parts of each gene's transcription pattern are controlled by cis-acting regulatory elements (enhancers) that contain binding sites for factors positioned higher in the hierarchy. (nyu.edu)

Rag-1 and Rag-2 and initiation of Ig recombination events [7]. (lu.se)

Among the most over-represented sites in a specific group of enhancers appears to be a binding site for the Run transcription factor, which is expressed in a gradient that spatially opposes the Bcd gradient. (nyu.edu)
Finally, the state-based latch was developed into a binary counting module by introducing a delay mechanism, in which gp3 transcription was inhibited by a state-based repressor during recombination requiring the absence of Gp3. (bl.uk)

A variant of SCID with specific immune responses and predominance of gamma delta T cells. (lu.se)

Survival of the Sickest: A site-specific recombination operator for accelerated function optimisation. (figshare.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms3

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs22

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes40

Information Science4

Homologous10

Genes12

Conservative site-specific reco1

Replication4

Genome4

Proteins7

LoxP9

Gene8

Integrase3

Loci1

Transposition1

Mutations6

Bacterial3

Directionality1

Bacteriophage1

Plasmids1

Genetic3

Coli2

Genomic1

Enzyme4

Phage1

Eukaryotic1

Sequence2

Mechanisms2

Recombinases1

Molecular2

Strains1

Tumors1

Antigen-specific1

Disrupts1

Sequences1

Excision1

Neuron-specific1

Conditional1

Neurons2

Mutagenesis3

Diversity1

Reaction1

Complex1

Repair2

Identical1

Residues2

Cell6

Regulatory1

Events1

Transcription2

Cells1

Survival1