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Russell Means was an early leader of the American Indian Movement (AIM) and led its armed occupation of the South Dakota town of Wounded Knee, a 71-day siege that included several gunbattles with federal officers. (latimes.com)
Russell Means, who gained international notoriety as one of the leaders of the 71-day armed occupation of Wounded Knee in South Dakota in 1973 and continued to be an outspoken champion of American Indian rights after launching a career as an actor in films and television in the 1990s, has died. (latimes.com)
But the controversial and flamboyant activist with the trademark long braids gained his greatest notoriety at the trading post hamlet of Wounded Knee on the Pine Ridge Reservation. (latimes.com)
The occupation of Wounded Knee by more than 200 AIM-led activists began in late February 1973 in the wake of a failed attempt to impeach tribal president Richard Wilson, whose Oglala critics accused him of corruption and abuse of power and said his private militia suppressed political opponents. (latimes.com)
After the takeover of Wounded Knee, the historic site of the 7 t h Cavalry's large-scale massacre of Sioux men, women and children in 1890, the area was cordoned off by about 300 U.S. marshals and FBI agents, who were armed with automatic weapons and aided by nine armored personnel carriers. (latimes.com)
Shortly before the U.S. Army slaughtered hundreds of starving, desperate Sioux who had been herded to the frozen shore of Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota, the Census Bureau announced the disappearance of a contiguous frontier line for the first time in American history. (lewrockwell.com)
And the mass murder of Sioux at Wounded Knee served as a kind of graduation ceremony for the Regime as it prepared to export imperial violence abroad. (lewrockwell.com)
In Westward the Tide, a typically worthy offering, novelist Louis L'Amour, the justly renowned 'Troubadour of the American West' (and an autodidact whose scholarly achievements were easily the equal of Dr. Turner's) captures the ambivalence of the expansionist period from Appomattox to Wounded Knee. (lewrockwell.com)
The shootout occurred two years after the American Indian Movement occupied the village of Wounded Knee for 71 days. (democracynow.org)
Russell Means (born 1939) led the American Indian Movement (AIM) in a 1973 armed seizure of Wounded Knee , South Dakota , site of the previous massacre of Sioux by Seventh U.S. Cavalry troops on December 29, 1890. (encyclopedia.com)
The organizer of numerous protests against the U.S. government's treatment of Native Americans and a major figure in the American Indian Movement (AIM), Means is perhaps best known for leading a 71-day siege at Wounded Knee , South Dakota , which drew national attention to Indian-rights issues in the early 1970s. (encyclopedia.com)
Adams later said that the " dismissal of the 20 Points helped provoke the takeover for which [American Indian Movement (AIM)] is best known, the siege of Wounded Knee" (Heffernan, 18). (loc.gov)
Means, a former American Indian Movement activist who helped lead the 1973 uprising at Wounded Knee, reveled in stirring up attention and appeared in several Hollywood films, died early Monday, Oct. 22, 2012 at his ranch Zzxin Porcupine, S.D., Oglala Sioux Tribe spokeswoman Donna Solomon said. (aim-west.org)
SIOUX FALLS, S.D. -- Russell Means, a former American Indian Movement activist who helped lead the 1973 uprising at Wounded Knee, reveled in stirring up attention and appeared in several Hollywood films, has died. (aim-west.org)
American Indian Movement (AIM) activists ready themselves for a purification ceremony at the site of the 1890 Wounded Knee Massacre during an occupation protests on March 3, 1973. (artnet.com)
O n Feb. 27, 1973, about 250 Sioux Indians, led by members of the American Indian Movement (AIM), converged on South Dakota's Pine Ridge Reservation, launching the famous 71-day occupation of Wounded Knee. (journeyofhealing.net)

In joining the fledgling American Indian Movement in 1969, Means later wrote, he had found a new purpose in life and vowed to "get in the white man's face until he gave me and my people our just due. (latimes.com)
In joining the American Indian Movement at age 30, Means later wrote in his autobiography, he had found "a way to be a real Indian. (latimes.com)
Overall, Americans don't learn much about the Seminole Wars, the impact of the Homestead Act , the American Indian Movement , the historic settlement of the Indian Trust Fund lawsuit , and the ongoing debate over the Cherokee Freedmen . (kosu.org)
Peggy Alexander and Diane Nash, pictured in the middle in the photo above, participated at lunch counter sit-ins during the 1960s Civil Rights Movement and were some of the first African Americans served lunch at a previously all-white counter, along with Matthew Walker and Stanley Hemphill. (imdiversity.com)
Ella Baker was a civil rights activist who founded the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, a prominent organization in the 1960s Civil Rights Movement that united its young leaders. (imdiversity.com)
Grace Lee Boggs, the daughter of Chinese immigrants, was a prominent writer and activist who worked closely with black Marxist and black power leaders like Malcolm X and her husband James Boggs during the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. (imdiversity.com)
Leonard Peltier is a former member of the American Indian Movement who was convicted of killing two FBI agents during a shootout on South Dakota's Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in 1975. (democracynow.org)
In Cleveland Means met Dennis Banks, one of the cofounders of the newly organized American Indian Movement, a militant Indian civil rights group. (encyclopedia.com)
By DIRK LAMMERS 10/22/12 10:12 AM ET EDT In a Jan. 31, 1989 file photo, Russell Means, who heads the American Indian Movement, (AIM) testifies before a special investigative committee of the Senate Select Committee on Capitol Hill, in Washington. (aim-west.org)
The movement eventually faded away, the result of Native Americans becoming self-aware and self-determined, Means said. (aim-west.org)
If someone needed help, you called on the American Indian Movement and they showed up and caused all kind of ruckus and looked beautiful on a 20-minute clip on TV that night,' DeMain said. (aim-west.org)
After Fort Lawton, Peltier traveled the country where, in Colorado, he joined the American Indian Movement (AIM) . (whoisleonardpeltier.info)
The occupation garnered significant media attention and support from various celebrities and activists, effectively amplifying the Native American rights movement. (balajinerul.com)
On August 29, 1970 , members of the United Native Americans, with support from the American Indian Movement, occupied Mount Rushmore to reclaim the land that had been promised to the Oceti Sakowin (The Great Sioux Nation) in the 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie in perpetuity. (journeyofhealing.net)
Nonetheless, an analysis of the environmental histories of only a fraction of the more than 575 Indigenous groups, including Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians reveals important trends and commonalities, including the stories of dispossession and displacement, the promise of the Indian New Deal, the trauma of the Termination Era, the reemergence of Native sovereignty based on treaty rights, and the rise of Indigenous leadership in the environmental justice movement. (oxfordre.com)
Madonna Thunder Hawk is a Native American civil rights activist, part of the Oohenumpa band of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, known to be a leader in the American Indian Movement. (loudbodies.com)
See " Lakota protest Dakota Access oil pipeline ," Sept.-Oct. N&L .) The movement Camp of Sacred Stones in North Dakota has drawn participants from over 200 tribes as well as many non-Natives. (newsandletters.org)
He stressed that the U.S. had violated every treaty it has reached with Native American peoples, but that this movement can win. (newsandletters.org)

Means died early Monday at his ranch in in Porcupine, S.D., Oglala Sioux Tribe spokeswoman Donna Solomon said. (aim-west.org)
His efforts to have his proposed country recognized by the international community continued at the United Nations, he said, even as it was ignored by tribal governments closer to home, including his own Oglala Sioux Tribe. (aim-west.org)
Mia Feroleto, editor and publisher of New Horizons magazine made visits to Founders Museum as a representative of Oglala Sioux tribe. (artnet.com)
The Oglala Sioux Tribe has issued a proclamation to officially recognize the lifelong accomplishments, dedication, and patriotism of Russell Means. (nativepartnership.org)

Maya Angelou was a Pulitzer prize-nominated poet and civil rights activist. (imdiversity.com)
Russell C. Means has been an outspoken Indian rights activist for more than two decades. (encyclopedia.com)

David Archambault, the chairman of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, has become the latest high-profile figure to urge President Obama to grant clemency for Native American activist Leonard Peltier who has been imprisoned for 40 years. (democracynow.org)
Leonard Peltier (of the Anishinabe, Dakota, and Lakota Nations) traces the roots of his political activism to the rank racism and brutal poverty he experienced every day as an Indian child growing up on the Turtle Mountain Chippewa and Fort Totten Sioux reservations in North Dakota. (whoisleonardpeltier.info)

In early August 2016, tribal nations throughout North America passed resolutions in support of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe in their stance to protect the waters of the Mni Sose, Missouri River, against threats from the Dakota Access crude oil pipeline. (truthout.org)
Protesters and members of the Standing Rock Sioux tribe have relentlessly blasted the $3.8 billion pipeline, arguing the DAPL's construction would trample on tribal lands and destroy ancient tribal artifacts. (dailycaller.com)
The head of the North Dakota Public Service Commission mirrored the judge's decision earlier this week, telling reporters that the tribe had plenty of time to voice concerns before the pipeline's construction. (dailycaller.com)
The modifications convinced the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia to deny a motion for a preliminary injunction in September by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, citing the inability of the tribe to show how the pipeline would damage the group's sacred ground. (dailycaller.com)
Chicago -As part of over 200 solidarity actions on Sept. 13, 150 people gathered at the Kwagulth Indian Totem Pole in Lincoln Park to register their support for the people of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe fighting to halt construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline. (newsandletters.org)

We don't study the dozens of Supreme Court cases involving Native Americans spanning hundreds of years, about everything from land rights to tribal sovereignty to adoption to civil liberties . (kosu.org)
In 1969 he moved from a position on the Rosebud Sioux tribal council on the Rosebud Reservation in South Dakota to the directorship of the government-funded American Indian Center in Cleveland, Ohio. (encyclopedia.com)
This, after Standing Rock Sioux Tribal (SRST) Chairman David Archambault II put out an official call to tribal nations for support. (truthout.org)
At the time, no law school offered American Indian law courses in the U.S. When the crucial Fish Wars case, United States v. Washington , came to trial in 1974 , Adams represented tribal fishers. (loc.gov)
There have been numerous tribal newspapers, including the Navajo Times and the now out-of-print Carolina Indian Voice . (americanarchive.org)
Zitkala-Sa (Gertrude Bonnin) was one of the early Indian writers to record tribal legends and tales from oral tradition. (earlham.edu)
This law allowed the government to break up tribal lands to assimilate Native Americans into white American society by forcing tribes to adhere to standardized farming and ranching practices. (whitehousehistory.org)
Gerald Vizenor describes the word Indian as "a colonial enactment, not a loan word, [whose] dominance is sustained by the simulation that has superseded the real tribal names" (11). (lu.se)

Russell Charles Means, who would use the traditional term "Lakota" rather than the term "Sioux", which he views as a derogatory white word, was born November 10, 1939, on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota, the oldest son of Harold ("Hank") Means, a mixed-blood Oglala Sioux and Theodora (Feather) Means, a full-blood Yankton Sioux. (encyclopedia.com)
The Founders Museum, a local collection of antiquities established by the residents of the town of Barre, in central Massachusetts, in 1885-and left largely unchanged since then-has returned a cache of 150 Native American objects to their rightful owners, the Lakota and Sioux tribes. (artnet.com)

Today marks the passing of a modern day warrior for the American Indian people: Russell Means. (nativepartnership.org)
In behalf of National Relief Charities, we wish to acknowledge the critical contributions that Russell Means made to all peoples and to social justice, and to say to his family and the Oglala Sioux Nation that he will always be remembered. (nativepartnership.org)

Hundreds of people have joined the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe's protest of the oil pipeline. (kosu.org)
The unprecedented coalition of tribes resisting construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline on the Standing Rock reservation in North Dakota, Gilio-Whitaker says, offers a more accurate and contemporary understanding of Native Americans. (kosu.org)
Environmental activists and American Indian tribes have fought the pipelines' construction, the latter on the grounds that the Dakota Access pipeline would pollute the water source for the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation and disrupt important cultural sites. (mongabay.com)
The Keystone pipeline was rejected because it was not in the country's interest and the environmental review of the Dakota Access Pipeline was ordered because of the threats it poses to the Standing Rock Sioux," Brune writes. (mongabay.com)
The sun rises over Oceti Sakowin camp in Cannon Ball, North Dakota, near Standing Rock on November 25, 2016. (truthout.org)
The camps at Standing Rock produced an environment substantially and holistically more supportive for Native youth," writes activist Sarah Sunshine Manning. (truthout.org)
The Standing Rock Sioux youth runners and founder of the Sacred Stone Camp, LaDonna Bravebull Allard, put out calls of their own via social media, also for allied support. (truthout.org)
In fact, the Army Corps of Engineers, which had previously approved the pipeline, met with leaders from Standing Rock Sioux on Friday in hopes to avoid more confrontations between police and protesters. (dailycaller.com)
Julie Fedorchak, who serves as the chairman of the commission, told National Public Radio in an interview Wednesday that Standing Rock Sioux did not participate in the nearly 30 hours of meetings held to determine the pipeline's southern route. (dailycaller.com)
The treaty was forged between the U.S. government and the Great Sioux Nation, not Standing Rock. (dailycaller.com)
Lest we forget the heart-wrenching resistance of the Sioux and their allies at Standing Rock, Bikem Ekberzade meticulously sets their story in its historic context. (thevirtualstory.com)
Shows how the confrontation at Standing Rock fits a centuries-long pattern of oppression, yet also marks the emergence of a growing and increasingly effective Native American resistance to corporate greed and environmental injustice. (thevirtualstory.com)
O verview of Native American activism since the late 1960s, including protests at Mt. Rushmore, Alcatraz, Standing Rock, and more. (journeyofhealing.net)
I first met Yatika Starr Fields in 2016 at the Standing Rock reservation, which straddles the states of North and South Dakota, to witness what was the largest Native American protest action in a generation. (garthgreenan.com)

As the Northwest Treaty Tribes noted when he died, he was "an indispensable leader, and essential follower and a brilliant strategist, he shaped more Native American civil, human and treaty rights policies than most people even know are important or why. (loc.gov)
The first of the Indians' 20 Points demanded the restoration of their constitutional treaty-making powers, removed by the provision in the 1871 Indian Appropriations Act, and the next seven concerned recognition of the sovereignty of Indian nations and the revalidation of treaties, including the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868. (whoisleonardpeltier.info)
We will show you our great Sioux treaty, signed by your President Lincoln, and our great Chief Joseph's letter to your President in 1879. (balajinerul.com)
They claimed the island by citing the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868) between the U.S. and the Sioux, which returned to Native peoples all retired, abandoned and out-of use federal lands. (balajinerul.com)
Treaty violation, however, does not nullify their legality, and Native American tribes to this day still live under the laws and restrictions that have controlled their sovereignty for hundreds of years. (lu.se)

In 1970, he was among a group of American Indian activists who occupied Mount Rushmore, where he infamously urinated on the top of the stone head of George Washington - an act he later said symbolized "how most Indians feel about the faces chiseled out of our holy land. (latimes.com)
In 1970, Activists Occupy Mount Rushmore. (journeyofhealing.net)

Many folks in the United States have no idea that there are 562 federally recognized Indian tribes in the country, let alone the unique histories of those tribes. (kosu.org)
AIM was founded in the late 1960s to protest the U.S. government's treatment of Native Americans and demand the government honor its treaties with Indian tribes. (aim-west.org)
Meilus estimated, however, that these 150 pieces are only a quarter of their Native American holdings, drawn from more than 60 tribes. (artnet.com)
Cultural surveys conducted prior to the pipeline receiving the approval show 91 of the 149 eligible sites contained stone features considered sacred American Indian tribes. (dailycaller.com)
Episodes of NewsNight Minnesota (Twin Cities Public Television, Saint Paul, Minnesota) in the AAPB collection that were broadcast between 1994 and 1999 also feature coverage of several issues important to Native American communities, including legal cases surrounding the Indian Child Welfare Act and fishing rights for tribes residing in Wisconsin and Minnesota . (americanarchive.org)
Alcatraz Island, located in San Francisco Bay, holds significant historical and cultural value for Native American tribes. (balajinerul.com)
The occupation of Alcatraz, which began on November 20, 1969, was led by a group of activists known as the Indians of All Tribes (IOAT). (balajinerul.com)
Firstly, the occupation of Alcatraz was seen as a symbolic act of resistance against centuries of colonization and forced relocation of Native American tribes. (balajinerul.com)
Indians of All Tribes Occupation of Alcatraz: 1969 - 1971 This group, made up of Indigenous people, relocated to the Bay Area, to protest against the United States government's policies that took aboriginal land away from American Indians and aimed to destroy their cultures. (balajinerul.com)
The United Indians of All Tribes took over Alcatraz in 1969 to demand that the U.S. government recognize longstanding agreements with tribes and turn over the deed to the island. (balajinerul.com)
Under the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act, allotment ended, and some two million acres of land were eventually returned to Indigenous tribes. (whitehousehistory.org)
The publication of a text so carefully constructed with legally non-binding terms and saturated with use of the passive voice was, to many Native Americans, unsurprising in the context of dealings between Native American tribes and the Federal Government. (lu.se)

As Meilus understands, the Native American materials arrived at the museum through Frank Root, who the Associated Press described as "a traveling shoe salesman who collected the items on his journeys during the 19th century, and once had a road show that rivaled P.T. Barnum's extravaganzas. (artnet.com)
Indian Wars, United States of America, 19th century. (artnet.com)
Perhaps the most famous of the Indian boarding schools created in the late 19th century, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania was founded by Captain Richard Henry Pratt (with funding and support from the United States government), with the purpose of assimilating (or Americanizing) Indian students. (si.edu)
American Indian museum director Kevin Gover took the audience on a riveting trip through several 19th-century monuments, including four by Daniel Chester French that adorn the exterior of the 1907 Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House , now home to the National Museum of the American Indian in New York City. (smithsonianmag.com)

This Indigenous composer and musician was also a writer, editor, translator, educator and political activist. (omahacm.org)

A onetime con artist, dance-school instructor and computer programmer, Means was executive director of the government-funded Cleveland American Indian Center when he met Dennis Banks and other AIM founders in 1969. (latimes.com)
PitcairnAlcatrazIndian = As soon as ferry passengers arrive at Alcatraz they are greeted by "graffiti" from the 1969 American Indian occupation. (freepress.org)
These and other slogans punctuate the abandoned prison on its water tower and beyond, graphic artifacts scrawled by Indigenous protesters during the American Indian Movement's 1969 occupation that demanded repatriation of federally-owned land no longer used by the U.S. government to Native people. (freepress.org)
The occupation lasted for 19 months, from November 1969 to June 1971, with varying numbers of activists participating throughout its duration. (balajinerul.com)
On Nov. 20, 1969, a fleet of wooden sailboats holding 90 Native Americans landed on Alcatraz Island in the San Francisco Bay. (journeyofhealing.net)
She was part of every modern struggle faced by the Native Americans, including the 1969-71 occupation of Alcatraz. (loudbodies.com)

Means became a national media figure representing dissident Indians on Thanksgiving Day in 1970 when he and a small group of other Indians confronted costumed "Pilgrims" on the Mayflower II in Plymouth, Massachusetts. (encyclopedia.com)
Oportunidades Iguales Para Las Mujeres En El Trabajo y La Educaccion", Women's Strike for Equality, New York, Fifth Avenue, 1970, Eugene Gordon photograph collection, 1970-1990. (nyhistory.org)
But his first real experience with confronting the might of the U.S. government was the 1970 peaceful takeover of abandoned Fort Lawton, outside Seattle, Washington, which was on "surplus" federal land to which the Indians had first right under the law. (whoisleonardpeltier.info)
In this message, delivered to Congress on July 8, 1970, President Nixon laid out a nine-point plan urging Congress to reconsider federal Native American policy, citing centuries of oppression, abuse, and broken promises to Native American communities across the country. (whitehousehistory.org)

Student will use archival materials to explore student life at Carlisle Indian School and to evaluate assimilation policy as practiced through the school. (si.edu)
How should the Carlisle Indian School be remembered? (si.edu)
Born on the Yankton Sioux Reservation, she remained true to her indigenous heritage as a student at the Boston Conservatory and a teacher at the Carlisle Indian School, as an activist in turn attacking the Carlisle School, as an artist celebrating Native stories and myths, and as an active member of the Society of American Indians in Washington DC. (earlham.edu)

both images are from Indigenous groups that were forcibly removed and settled in what was once called Indian Territory before being renamed Oklahoma in 1890. (garthgreenan.com)

That November, he joined fellow AIM members and other Native Americans in taking over a replica of the Mayflower in Plymouth, Mass. And in 1972 he participated in the seven-day occupation and trashing of the Bureau of Indian Affairs headquarters in Washington, D.C. (latimes.com)
He attended the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) school on the reservation and later public schools in Vallejo, California. (encyclopedia.com)
Feeling that the government officials sent out to investigate were officious and patronizing, Means then led the group to the Bureau of Indian Affairs where they successfully seized the offices and renamed the building the Native American Embassy. (encyclopedia.com)
He later worked with the federal government for the resolution of the occupation protestors at the Bureau of Indian Affairs and their safe return home (Heffernan, 16). (loc.gov)
On Nov. 3, 1972, protesters from the Trail of Broken Treaties Caravan occupied the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) offices in Washington, D.C. for six days. (journeyofhealing.net)

You could actually stand up and fight for them… and as I would come to see in later years, all Indian people, all Indigenous People, all human beings of good heart. (whoisleonardpeltier.info)

Zitkala-Ša was one of the first Native women to become a professional musician, author, and activist. (nancyboflood.com)
She later became a well-known writer, musician, and champion of Indian rights and culture. (earlham.edu)

The DAPL route does not cut through Standing Rock's reservation - in fact, the entire area is privately owned, meaning the route is located several miles North of the tribe's ancestral land. (dailycaller.com)

As an expert on Native American history and activism, I can provide a comprehensive answer to the question of why the Indians wanted Alcatraz Island. (balajinerul.com)
The Indians' desire to occupy Alcatraz Island stemmed from their broader struggle for Native American rights and land reclamation. (balajinerul.com)
He stated, "We invite the public to visit us on Alcatraz Island and learn firsthand about the great Indian nation. (balajinerul.com)
In summary, the Indians' desire to occupy Alcatraz Island was driven by their determination to reclaim their land and establish a cultural center to preserve their heritage. (balajinerul.com)

The nation's most visible American Indian activist, Means was a passionate militant leader who helped thrust the historic and ongoing plight of Native Americans into the national spotlight. (latimes.com)
Amid his "theatrical protests that brought national attention to poverty and discrimination suffered by his people, he became arguably the nation's best-known Indian since Sitting Bull or Crazy Horse," suggests the" New York Times . (nativepartnership.org)

There was a certain amount of support that came from non-Indians, for example with the Academy Awards and Marlon Brando making a public issue of that and rejecting the Oscar for The Godfather based on his protest of Hollywood and the way it treats Natives. (kosu.org)
Sioux poet John Trudell served as spokesman for AIM takeover of Alcatraz, which was visited by celebrities of conscience and consciousness, such as activist actors Jane Fonda and Marlon Brando, comic Dick Gregory and singer Buffy Sainte-Marie, herself of the Piapot Cree Nation and the first Indigenous talent to win an Oscar, for the song "Up Where We Belong" from the 1982 movie An Officer and a Gentleman . (freepress.org)

In February, 1972, Means led 1,300 angry Indians into the small town of Gordon, Nebraska, to protest the suspicious death of Raymond Yellow Thunder. (encyclopedia.com)

Black author, activist, and educator Alice Dunbar-Nelson (1875-1935) had a long and prolific career, but her work is often overlooked. (villanova.edu)

Zitkala-Sa (Red Bird) (1876-1938), also known as Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, was one of the best-known and most influential Native Americans of the twentieth century. (earlham.edu)

Neighbors , a series for KDLG (Dillingham, Alaska), "features conversations and reports on local public affairs issues, especially those affecting the American Indian community. (americanarchive.org)
Although the occupation eventually ended due to government intervention and logistical difficulties, it is widely regarded as a pivotal moment in Native American activism that sparked important conversations about land rights and cultural preservation. (balajinerul.com)

An Oglala Sioux born on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota, Means in his activist prime was called strident, defiant, volatile, arrogant and aggressive. (latimes.com)

Native Americans and other activists march to a sacred burial ground site that was disturbed by construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline. (kosu.org)
The Dakota Pipeline would run 1,172 miles (1,886 kilometers) from the a set of shale formations in North Dakota through South Dakota and Iowa to its terminus in Patoka, Illinois. (mongabay.com)
Anti-fracking activists are using the public's misunderstandings of the Dakota Access Pipeline to paint the multi-state project as a blight against American Indians and the environment. (dailycaller.com)
The pipeline, which is expected to shuttle more than 500,000 barrels of Bakken oil from North Dakota to Illinois, was rerouted and modified to avoid all 91 of those areas, and all but nine of the other potentially eligible sites. (dailycaller.com)
And activists blocked construction of a natural gas pipeline near Hines, Vermont. (newsandletters.org)

In the late 1950s, however, to implement their inhuman policy, the United States government cut off the reservations' already meager supply of food and commodities-the pitiful little "payment" they had promised the Indians in their treaties to recompense Indians for all the vast and holy continent they'd stolen. (whoisleonardpeltier.info)

The book takes on 21 myths about Native Americans (ideas like, all Indians are savages, or alcoholics, or have gotten rich off casino money. (kosu.org)
As mostly white U.S. workers rose against their ruthless exploitation under the rule of "wage slavery" in the rapidly expanding new industrial capitalism of the post-Civil War years, the capitalist press not uncommonly justified the bloody repression of striking and marching proletarians and killing of their radical leaders by describing them as " white savages," merged in shaded dehumanization with Native American "red savages" and ex-slave "Black savages. (counterpunch.org)

E90.A26 H36 2011 The Hank Adams reader: an exemplary Native activist and the unleashing of Indigenous sovereignty / edited by David E. Wilkins. (loc.gov)

Our collection is one of the most pristine collections of Native American artifacts in the country," she said. (artnet.com)
This collection of artifacts, photographs, texts, and historical markers is intended to help students explore the history of the Mormon religion in America. (si.edu)

PitcairnAlcatrazWaterTowerIndian = The water tower at Alcatraz is also scrawled with graffiti from the Indian occupation. (freepress.org)
The occupation aimed to reclaim Native American land while also raising awareness about the mistreatment and marginalization of Indigenous communities. (balajinerul.com)
The activists faced numerous challenges during their occupation, including limited access to fresh water, electricity, and resources. (balajinerul.com)
This video captures rare footage of the Native American occupation of Alcatraz, showcasing the activities and demands of the Indigenous activists. (balajinerul.com)

November is Native American Heritage Month , when we recognize and celebrate the first peoples of this continent and their science, art, accomplishments and traditional knowledge . (loc.gov)
Across the shield is a Plains-style ceremonial pipe and an olive branch: the former is meant to represent Native Americans, while the latter is an almost ironic symbol of European Americans who were, at the time of the flag's creation, engaged in the active dispossession of Indigenous peoples. (garthgreenan.com)

In schools across the United States, the timeline of Native American history goes something like: Christopher Columbus, Thanksgiving, Pocahontas, Trail of Tears. (kosu.org)
America when Christopher Columbus mistakenly believed he had landed ashore in India. (lu.se)

Prior to the Dawes Act, Native Americans had controlled some 138 million acres of land. (whitehousehistory.org)

The resolution was published in the 2010 Defense Appropriations Act, receiving very little acknowledgement in the American press. (lu.se)

As the poet Heid E. Erdrich (Ojibwe) wrote, "there is no such thing as Native American poetry. (lu.se)

Legalized at the federal level with the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp is expected to become a billion-dollar industry in Florida and has the potential to be a godsend for multigenerational farmers who have suffered economically since the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in the 1990s. (420magazine.com)

At Howard University in Washington, DC, a historically black university, over 1,000 students took over an administrative building, demanding that the university's white president resign over racially insensitive remarks he'd made, that African-American history be better represented in the curriculum, and that a judiciary system involving students be created. (benjerry.com)
You have appreciated, more than any other President in recent memory, the tumultuous history of Native Americans, and the tragic events derived from that history," Archambault wrote to Obama. (democracynow.org)
Gertrude Kasebier, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. (nyhistory.org)
American History. (nyhistory.org)
But if history is any indicator, Whitworth says, the American farmer will probably end up getting screwed once the market becomes saturated with cheaper hemp from abroad. (420magazine.com)
With this massive racial violence as its historical foundation, American capitalism would generate the bloodiest "industrial relations" history in the capitalist world in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries - and a long history of violently repressing working-class activists and radicals. (counterpunch.org)
Ekberzade's carefully documents this history and illuminates it with the words of living Native Americans. (thevirtualstory.com)
They also intended to use Alcatraz as a platform to educate the wider public about Native American history and issues. (balajinerul.com)
I taught high school history (U.S. History and World Religions) for ten years in North Carolina, teach currently in Pittsburgh, PA, and am working to help teachers make the most of this new resource! (si.edu)
The paintings in the exhibition mostly focus on a more recent political history, the January 6 insurrection, highlighting the savagery of American settlers against not only Indigenous groups but even their own state when it questions what they perceive as their rights. (garthgreenan.com)
Contains biographical sketches, ranging in length from 300 to 3,000 words, on figures in North American Indian history, extending from the arrival of European colonists on North American shores to the early twenty-first century. (earlham.edu)
Now," says the American Indian Museum's director Kevin Gover (right with Lonnie Bunch, director of the African American History museum) "some of these institutions are able to produce excellent scholarship that tells a vastly different story from what most Americans learn. (smithsonianmag.com)
The program was held in Washington, D.C. at the Smithsonian's National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the National Museum of the American Indian . (smithsonianmag.com)
Lonnie Bunch, the founding director of the African American History museum, says this all came about after a conversation with his counterpart Kevin Gover at the American Indian museum. (smithsonianmag.com)
Bunch says he learned that the creation of Confederate monuments and the rise of racist Indian mascots in sporting events occurred during the same period in American history, between the 1890s and 1915. (smithsonianmag.com)
The history of Native Americans after the arrival of the pilgrims in 1620 is one of disenfranchisement, genocide, and forced migration. (lu.se)
In 2009, the United States Federal Government issued an "acknowledgement and apology," acknowledging a "long history of official depredations and ill-conceived policies" in its dealings with Native Americans (Congress.gov). (lu.se)

As the president and founder of the National Council of American Indians, she tirelessly advocated for Native American rights and representation within the U.S. government. (omahacm.org)
Following her death, the National Council of American Indians was replaced with the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI), an organization that continues her work today. (omahacm.org)
She co-founded the National Council of Indian Americans in 1926, which lobbied for Native people's right to United States citizenship and other civil rights. (earlham.edu)

Activist Angela Davis attended the Women's March in D.C., and she urged protesters to keep fighting for vulnerable people. (imdiversity.com)

Additionally, she took great interest in educating and mentoring students, and it is for this reason that the American Society of Civil Engineers now has the Margaret S. Petersen Award, which aims to recognize a woman who has demonstrated exemplary service to the water resources and environmental science and engineering community. (villanova.edu)

But opponents argue that harvesting crude oil from the oil sands in Alberta and the shale formations in Bakken, North Dakota, is good for neither the environment nor the economy. (mongabay.com)

True, settlers and pioneers were often bold and courageous people, and more than a few of them acquitted themselves honorably both in tragic combat with Indians, and in honest commerce with them when peace was achieved. (lewrockwell.com)
From the time of their first contact with European settlers, the American Indians have been oppressed and brutalized, deprived of their ancestral lands and denied the opportunity to control their own destiny. (whitehousehistory.org)

Eloquent and charismatic, he inspired support from local Indian people while his inflammatory statements riled non-Indians. (encyclopedia.com)

It's the idea that Native people exist in an unchanging past, and that to be an authentic, real Indian, you somehow have not changed and adapted to the modern world. (kosu.org)
Violence against Indians increased all over the country that summer, leading to further defensiveness among local Indian people who felt they needed to arm themselves if they were to be the targets of murderous attacks. (encyclopedia.com)
As a founding member of the Native American Composers Apprentice Project, an outreach program of the Grand Canyon Music Festival, Ballard was dedicated to the teaching of Native American young people to compose concert music. (omahacm.org)
The whole county was of course founded on the basis of genocidal ethnic cleansing (of Native Americans) and the violent enslavement of African people. (counterpunch.org)
Now, Indian people were offered money to get off their land and move to cities like Minneapolis, Milwaukee, Cleveland, Los Angeles, and Chicago-where they were faced with joblessness, poverty, and hopeless despair on the mean streets of America's inner-city slums. (whoisleonardpeltier.info)
Journey of Healing is for white people in North America to understand and begin to heal the racism we carry. (journeyofhealing.net)
Or was he an example of the American dream, an industrial leader who improved the nation and helped its people? (si.edu)
The notion of people, that you're concerned about African-American and Native people, reducing them so they are no longer human," Bunch explains. (smithsonianmag.com)
So for African-Americans these monuments were really created as examples of white supremacy-to remind people of that status where African-Americans should be-not where African-Americans wanted to be. (smithsonianmag.com)
On virtually every scale of measurement-employment, income, education, health-the condition of the Indian people ranks at the bottom. (whitehousehistory.org)

Meilus renewed her efforts to repatriate the materials starting this January, based on the 1990 Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), which does not technically apply to the private museum. (artnet.com)

Nixon centered on the idea of "self-determination without termination," working to reverse nearly a century of policies meant to assimilate Native Americans into white society. (whitehousehistory.org)
President Nixon's vision of self-determination for the first Americans ended two centuries of destructive federal policies, ushering in a new era for American Indians to control their own destiny. (whitehousehistory.org)

Their messages to Indian Country and beyond went viral, reaching the masses worldwide. (truthout.org)
Vine Deloria, Jr. called him the " most important Native American in the country. (loc.gov)
Paul DeMain, publisher of Indian Country Today, said there were plenty of Indian activists before AIM but that the group became the 'radical media gorilla. (aim-west.org)
Brings memories of freedom, and offers a humane view of the past in Indian Country. (thevirtualstory.com)
The online newspaper Indian Country Today currently is the largest provider of Native news. (americanarchive.org)
The program represents an important milestone in Native-created media, as it marked the first time that Native Americans across the country could hear programming that reflected important issues and events within their communities. (americanarchive.org)

Hundreds were killed, and today democracy activists, sadly, know just how far the Chinese government will go to quell dissent. (benjerry.com)
Chinese and Mexicans would taste - in the sense of being force-fed - the unpalatable fruits of American imperial benevolence, before Washington, under the reign of the unspeakably vile Woodrow Wilson, dispatched hundreds of thousands of armed missionaries for democracy to the battlefields of Europe. (lewrockwell.com)

Overcoming hardships they have experienced as a forgotten minority, often torn between two cultures, these native writers, artists, journalists, activists, lawyers, and museum administrators have each made contributions toward the transformation of old stereotypes, the fight against discrimination, and the sharing of their heritage with mainstream society. (earlham.edu)
On the very day of our protest, riot police pulled out assault rifles on peaceful water protectors in North Dakota, arresting 20 for blocking construction, including two journalists from Unicorn Riot. (newsandletters.org)

He returned to South Dakota and participated in further activities intended to bring attention to Indian rights. (encyclopedia.com)
Federal troops called in from fighting (slaughtering) Sioux Indians in the Dakota Territory joined local police and state militia in repressing striking workers. (counterpunch.org)
When railroad workers went out on strike in Chicago in 1877, U.S. infantry troops were summoned fresh from Dakota campaigns against the Sioux to kills dozens of working-class men and boys on the city's Southwest side. (counterpunch.org)

In February 1960, four Black students from North Carolina A&T State University sat at a "whites only" Woolworth's lunch counter and refused to leave. (benjerry.com)
Brown eventually returned to North Carolina to open the innovative Palmer Memorial Institute, a prep school for African-American children. (imdiversity.com)

Through the use of several analytic methods and postcolonial theories, this thesis will analyse representations of language, place, and identity, and argue that they are constructed in the border between Native American and American consciousness. (lu.se)

November is American Indian Heritage Month. (nancyboflood.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms45

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs10

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes42

Disciplines and Occupations7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena20

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities5

Information Science9

Named Groups15

Health Care58

Geographicals51

Wounded Knee16

Movement18

Oglala Sioux Tribe4

Rights activist2

Leonard Peltier2

Tribe5

Tribal8

Lakota2

Russell Means2

Standing Rock14

Treaty5

Mount Rushmore2

Tribes12

19th century4

Political activist1

19696

19704

Carlisle Indian3

18901

Bureau of Indi5

Indigenous people1

Musician2

Tribe's1

Alcatraz Island4

Nation's2

Marlon Brando2

19721

Educator1

19381

Conversations2

Pine Ridge Reser1

Pipeline5

Treaties1

Savages2

Sovereignty1

Artifacts2

Occupation4

Peoples2

Christopher Columbus2

Dawes Act1

Appropriations Act1

Poet1

20181

History17

National Council3

Protesters1

Environmental1

Bakken1

Settlers2

Support1

People10

Repatriation1

Self-determination2

Country6

Democracy2

Journalists2

Dakota3

Carolina2

Consciousness1

Heritage Month1