Significantly p38 mitogen activated protein kinases. Medical search. Frequent questions

Reactive oxygen species-mediated p38 MAPK regulates carbon nanotube -induced fibrogenic and angiogenic responses. (cdc.gov)
SWCNTs induce fibrogenesis through reactive oxygen species-regulated phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). (cdc.gov)
Activation of p38 MAPK by SWCNTs led to the induction of transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). (cdc.gov)
Therefore, the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, reduces orofacial nociception and Fos expression in the TNC, and its antinociceptive action on orofacial pain may be associated with the inhibition of p-p38 MAPK in the microglia. (kyobobook.co.kr)
Genistein treatment also triggered the inhibition of p38-beta mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. (tmu.edu.tw)
By contrast, overexpression of p38 MAPK protected apoptosis by co-treatment with genistein and TRAIL, suggesting that the p38 MAPK act as key regulators of apoptosis in response to treatment with a combination of genistein and TRAIL in human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
SCI_JNo=None ------>authors2_c= ------>publish_area=0 ------>updateTitle=Genistein enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
The expression of HMGB1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was assessed with immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. (molvis.org)
We found that Fgl2 gene silencing inhibits apoptosis and improves heart function of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats, the possible mechanism maybe that Fgl2 gene silencing reduces the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)±levels, decreases the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl2), bcl-2-associated X (bax), toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). (silverchair.com)
In addition, phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p38, key members of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family regulating BCa tumorigenesis, were strongly decreased. (spandidos-publications.com)
Consequently, activation of apoptosis signalling molecules, including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), and increased expression of cleaved caspase 3 were observed in FABP7 KO astrocytes under ROS stress. (elsevierpure.com)
Furthermore, FABP7 overexpression in U87 human glioma cell line revealed higher LD accumulation and higher antioxidant defence enzyme (TRX, TRX reductase 1 [TRXRD1]) expression than mock transfection and protected against apoptosis signalling (p38 MAPK, SAPK/JNK and cleaved caspase 3) activation. (elsevierpure.com)
The effect of modifying early neutrophil-mediated inflammation on the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was investigated using an interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), an anti-IL-18 antibody (anti-IL-18) or a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor (M39). (elsevierpure.com)
These results demonstrate that early neutrophil influx following allergen challenge is mediated by IL-1, IL-18, and p38 MAPK. (elsevierpure.com)
The effects of inhibiting p38 MAPK in decreasing AHR indicate activities independent of its prevention of neutrophil accumulation. (elsevierpure.com)
Moreover, both peptides also reduce the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a pro-apoptotic signaling pathway, which is activated by VEGFR-1 and 2 receptors. (uniroma5.it)
p38 MAPK, activated in HIV and SIV infection, is key to induction of Interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) and inflammatory cytokines and is associated with some of the pathology produced by HIV and SIV infection in AIDS-susceptible primates. (natap.org)
As small molecule p38 MAPK inhibitors are currently tested in human trials for other inflammatory diseases, we evaluated the effects of treating SIV-infected macaques with a p38 inhibitor, PH-797804, in conjunction with ART. (natap.org)
The p38 MAPK inhibitor used here, already in clinical trials for other inflammatory diseases, significantly reduced immune activation during ART and further reduced SIV-mediated immune system deterioration. (natap.org)
Fudosteine treatment reduces the expression levels of p-p38 MAPK and p-ERK in vivo and of p-ERK in vitro. (xcessbio.com)
SFK inhibition also induced muscle differentiation in RMS cells by affecting the NOTCH3 receptor-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) axis, which regulates the balance between proliferation and differentiation. (oncotarget.com)
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an important role in a variety of cell processes by controlling transcriptional or translational regulation [14]. (precisionfda.org)
There are three major MAPK family members that have been well characterized: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK [15]. (precisionfda.org)
MAPK pathways are protein kinase cascades in which signals are relayed through bcl-2 family of downstream kinase by activated upstream kinases, leading to the appropriate cellular responses. (precisionfda.org)
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1(ASK1) is a member of MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK) family and activates both p38 and JNK pathways, resulting in apoptosis [16]. (precisionfda.org)
Treatment of Hep3B cells with 8-bromo-cAMP and SB203508 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) significantly suppressed the FACL4 expression. (tmu.edu.tw)
Conclusion: FACL4 is involved in the HCC tumorigenesis and both cAMP and p38 MAPK pathways are associated with the regulation of FACL4 in HCC. (tmu.edu.tw)
Furthermore, S100A9 caused a substantial upsurge in extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 mitogen-activated proteins kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, as the position of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation continued to be unchanged. (moonphase2018.com)
S100A9-mediated cell activation was suppressed by ERK1/2 MAPK inhibitor and NF-B inhibitor significantly. (moonphase2018.com)
p38 MAPK (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase) are a group of kinases responsive to stress stimuli. (cancer-research-network.com)
Once p38 MAPK activation occurs in muscle stem cells, it enhances muscle regeneration. (cancer-research-network.com)
There are four members of p38 MAPK, including p38α (MAPK14), p38β (MAPK11), p38γ (MAPK12/ERK6), and p38δ (MAPK13/SAPK4). (cancer-research-network.com)
The actions of p38 MAPK are different among tumor types. (cancer-research-network.com)
Once p38 MAPK activation occurs, it will cause ovarian cancer cells to produce TNF-α and CXCL8. (cancer-research-network.com)
In SK-OV-3 ovarian and PC3 prostate cancer cells, p38 MAPK inhibition significantly reduces VEGF, bFGF, EGF, and IL-6 secreted by cancer cells. (cancer-research-network.com)
Therefore, p38 MAPK inhibitors will play a vital role in cancer research. (cancer-research-network.com)
Ralimetinib (LY2228820) is a potent p38 MAPK inhibitor. (cancer-research-network.com)
Ralimetinib is selective, ATP-competitive against α- and β-isoforms of p38 MAPK, with IC 50 s of 5.3 and 3.2 nM, respectively. (cancer-research-network.com)
Ralimetinib is an inhibitor of p38 MAPK with great oral bioavailability. (cancer-research-network.com)

In a matrigel invasion assay, interferon-gamma, a specific inhibitor of eotaxin-related homing, significantly reduced the transmigration of PC-3 cells, under co-cultured condition with MSCs, in a dose-dependent manner (P (cancerindex.org)
In addition, survivin, a member of inhibitor of apoptotic protein, was significantly decreased in TSA-treated C6 cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
presented the effects of an investigational p38 MAP kinase inhibitor (PH797804) combined with ART in SIV-infected macaques (Aldovini A, abstract 20). (natap.org)
Rhesus macaques were infected with SIVmac251 and divided in 6 groups: Group 1, had no treatment, Group 2, p38 inhibitor alone, Groups 3 and 5 initiated ART at week 6 or 1 after infection, Group 4 and 6 initiated ART + PH797804 at week 6 or 1 after infection. (natap.org)
Cultured neurons express EpoR, and the Janus kinase-2 (JAK-2) inhibitor AG490 abolished EPO-induced tolerance against OGD. (jneurosci.org)
Furthermore, EPO-induced neuroprotection as well as phosphorylation of the proapoptotic Bcl family member Bad was reduced by the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. (jneurosci.org)
The extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 inhibitor PD98059, p38 inhibitor SB203580, nuclear element (NF)-B inhibitor BAY11-7082 and polymyxin B had been from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). (moonphase2018.com)

Conversely, inhibition of PVA neuronal activity using DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) or inactivation of PVA extracellular signal-regulated kinase at the critical time window blunted mechanical hyperalgesia in chronic pain models. (iasp-pain.org)
These studies suggest inhibition or p38 MAP kinase should be explored as an adjunct to ART in HIV. (natap.org)
Fudosteine inhibits MUC5AC mucin hypersecretion by reducing MUC5AC gene expression and the effects of fudosteine are associated with the inhibition of extracellular signal-related kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in vivo and extracellular signal-related kinase in vitro. (xcessbio.com)
Genetic inhibition of JNK significantly attenuated the DOX-induced apoptosis. (precisionfda.org)
Thus, inhibition of these processes following TBI may significantly reduce the progressive deficits associated with secondary brain injury. (researchsquare.com)
We should that the antioxidant edaravone significantly attenuated pressure overload-induced LV hypertrophy mediated through its antioxidant function and subsequent ASK1 inhibition. (naist.jp)

Results: TSA activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), leading to p53 phosphorylation and activation. (tmu.edu.tw)
Furthermore, midazolam suppressed phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and also inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced superoxide production in macrophages. (asahq.org)
In our study, we also found that DOX can elevate phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK. (precisionfda.org)
also found that co-treatment with IL-33 did not affected ERK phosphorylation, but decreased p38 and JNK phosphorylation induced by angiotensin II [10]. (precisionfda.org)
We further demonstrated that in vitro administration of pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly upregulated expression levels of CCL2 and CXCL1 as well as phosphorylation (activation) of the stress-associated transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38 in cultured astrocytes prepared from cerebral cortices of neonatal rats. (researchsquare.com)

The proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and excessive extracellular matrix protein accumulation are the basic pathological processes of myocardial fibrosis. (thieme-connect.com)
Visfatin promotes angiogenesis by activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. (thieme-connect.com)
Increase in c-Fos, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and hyperexcitability of PVA neurons were detected in hyperalgesic mice. (iasp-pain.org)
Toll-like receptors are transmembrane glycoproteins, which recognize many PAMPs with extracellular domains and aggravate the exaggerated inflammatory response to bacterial infection through activating nuclear factor (NF)-κB ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
PI3k belongs to a family of lipid kinases, involved in extracellular signals transduction and cell growth promotion (Wullschleger et al. (dieselok.md)

The results demonstrated that SA inhibited apoptosis signaling in H9c2 cardiomyocytes via downregulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
Pretreatment with SB203580 resulted in significantly increased sub-G1 population and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in TRAIL-induced apoptosis. (tmu.edu.tw)
Conclusions: TSA may cause C6 cell apoptosis through activating p38MAPK-p53 cascade resulting in Bax expression and survivin suppression. (tmu.edu.tw)
Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) is involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammatory response. (silverchair.com)
SI221, which showed to be mainly effective against the SFK member YES, significantly reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis, without affecting non-tumor cells, such as primary human skin fibroblasts and differentiated C2C12 cells. (oncotarget.com)
Among the many kinases activated by ROS, ERK, p38, and JNK have been shown to play a key role in oxidative cell apoptosis [30], [31]. (precisionfda.org)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
The roles of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in cardiac hypertrophy and subsequent left ventricular remodeling induced by pressure overload. (naist.jp)
In addition, ROS induce the activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) through the dissociation of thioredoxin from ASK1. (naist.jp)
It has been reported that apoptosis is activated in hearts after experimental pressure overload for the long term. (naist.jp)

What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Prevention of oxidative stress with antioxidant (Mitotempo) or blockade of oxidative stress induced ASK1/JNK signaling pathways significantly attenuated the cytotoxicity of DOX. (precisionfda.org)
ROS causes cell injury through directly oxidizing and damaging DNA, proteins, and lipids as well as by activating several stress-sensitive signaling pathways [28], [29]. (precisionfda.org)
AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
NF-κB pathways can be mainly activated by two pathways. (springer.com)
Both CB 1 and CB 2 receptors, which share a low level (44%) of sequence homology [6], are G protein-coupled receptors that mainly signal via G i /G o proteins, even though they may also activate G s , G q/11 , and G protein-independent signaling pathways [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
Notably, exposure of cancer cells to TTFields has been shown to result in immunogenic cell death, which is reflected by damage-associated molecular patterns and the formation of micronuclei that further activate DNA sensor-related inflammatory pathways, indicating the immunomodulatory role for TTFields. (conditionmed.org)
During the past decade, understanding of the molecular and cellular pathophysiology of myeloma has improved significantly, allowing identification of novel molecular pathways and targeting development of several new therapeutic possibilities. (medscape.com)

EPO activates the neuronal EPO receptor and, subsequently, JAK-2 and thereby PI3K. (jneurosci.org)

After activation by phosphorylated DVL, the WNT/PCP pathway is mediated by signaling through the small GTPases RhoA and Rac and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) or c-Jun N-terminal kinase. (kjpp.net)
Additionally, western blot analysis revealed that PP significantly downregulated the activation of nuclear factor-κB/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and upregulated the expression of heme oxgenase-1 in the lungs. (kribb.re.kr)
In this study, one of these EGS variants was used to target the overlapping region of the mRNAs encoding HCMV essential immediately-early (IE) proteins IE1 and IE2, which are the viral major transcriptional activators responsible for activation of viral gene expression (1). (azd1152.com)
Using a macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells, the effect of midazolam on proinflammatory mediators and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase was measured by Western blot. (asahq.org)
These results suggest that midazolam has an antiinflammatory action by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression, possibly through suppression of NF-kappaB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. (asahq.org)
David H Shepp, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell Manhasset, NY - (03/13/18) - Understanding how protein kinases deliver intracellular activation signals to regulate growth, and development of drugs to block them, has revolutionized the treatment of certain cancers and rheumatologic disorders. (natap.org)
There are many different protein kinases utilized by the major classes of cytokine receptors to deliver intracellular activation signals. (natap.org)
As primary endpoints for PH-797804 efficacy, we evaluated protein levels of selected ISG and differences in expression of surface and intracellular molecules linked to immune activation and inflammatory cytokines plasma levels. (natap.org)
When combined with ART, numerous immune activation markers were significantly reduced compared to ART alone treatment. (natap.org)
Interesting, IL-33 only inhibited JNK activation and had a minor effect on p38 and ERK activation. (precisionfda.org)
Normally, activation of the CB 1 receptor regulates renal vascular hemodynamics and stimulates the transport of ions and proteins in different nephron compartments. (degruyter.com)

We also examined whether the glial cell expression and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in the TNC are affected by rapamycin. (kyobobook.co.kr)

Both cell viability and the cleavage of PARP induced by combined treatment were significantly inhibited by caspase-3, -8 and -9 inhibitors, which demonstrates the important roles of caspases in the observed cytotoxic effects. (tmu.edu.tw)
No p38 MAP kinase inhibitors are approved for clinical use, but several are being investigated in other diseases. (natap.org)
KBU2046 binds chaperone heterocomplexes, selectively alters binding of client proteins that regulate motility, and lacks all the hallmarks of classical chaperone inhibitors, including toxicity. (nature.com)

Visfatin Stimulates Production of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 and Interleukin-6 in Human Vein Umbilical Endothelial Cells. (thieme-connect.com)
Our study found that fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) gene silencing activates angiopoietin/Tie system and induces myocardial microvascular endothelial Cells proliferation and cell migration, we also found that serum Fgl2 levels elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), these results are preliminary, but very meaningful [ 1 , 2 ]. (silverchair.com)

The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for C-C type chemokines. (cancerindex.org)

Our preliminary study found that CCL2 was mainly co-localized with the astroglial marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), while the CCL2 receptor chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 (CCR2) was mainly co-localized with the neuronal nuclear marker NeuN in TBI model rats, suggesting that CCL2‒CCR2 signaling is a major driver of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and concomitant motor and cognitive dysfunction following TBI [9]. (researchsquare.com)

As we all know, the kinase plays a role in signaling cascade, regulates cellular responses to cytokines and stress. (cancer-research-network.com)

6 Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is induced in macrophages by proinflammatory stimuli, including mitogens, cytokines, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. (asahq.org)

The glutathione (GSH) content decreased significantly, whereas that of the lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly after soybean oil exposure. (bvsalud.org)
Glycation, the result of a protein or lipid molecule bonding with sugar molecules, is a consequence of the aging process. (molvis.org)
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) bind and internalize long-chain fatty acids, controlling lipid dynamics. (elsevierpure.com)

It belongs to family 1 of the G protein-coupled receptors. (cancerindex.org)
In various mouse and rat models of obesity and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, eCBs generated in various renal cells activate CB 1 receptors and contribute to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis. (degruyter.com)
These factors bind to the receptors of cardiomyocytes and activate the intracellular signaling pathway to induce LV hypertrophy. (naist.jp)
Odorant receptors (ORs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are essential for detecting and distinguishing among odorants. (bmbreports.org)

3 Activated macrophages contribute to inflammatory responses and can produce and release several cytokines into the general circulation to exert systemic effects that occur during sepsis. (asahq.org)

GM-CSF activated the Jak2 and Stat3 signaling pathway which promoted the transcription of Nav1.7-1.9 in DRG neurons. (iasp-pain.org)
In the canonical WNT pathway, activated WNT phosphorylates the dishevelled (DVL) protein leading to dissociation of β-catenin from its destruction complex. (kjpp.net)

had reported that both angiotensin II and phenylephrine significantly induced ROS generation in cardiomyocytes, which was inhibited by IL-33 [10]. (precisionfda.org)

these effects were blocked by U73122, an antagonist of phospholipase C. U73122 also abolished the effects of Wnta1-mediated upregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) β and γ expression, and the PKC antagonist Go 6983 eliminated Wnta1-induced secretion of ANP. (kjpp.net)

RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used for determining procollagen I and III mRNA expression and protein production. (thieme-connect.com)
It was also found that visfatin upregulated collagen I and III production, procollagen I and III mRNA expression and protein production. (thieme-connect.com)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
A gene expression array showed significantly increased expression of CCR3, a receptor of eotaxin-3, in PC-3. (cancerindex.org)
p-p38 expression was co-localized in microglia, but not neurons and astrocytes. (kyobobook.co.kr)
mRNA expression levels of the SOD, metallothionein (MT), lysenin and lysozyme were significantly upregulated. (bvsalud.org)
P53, a proapoptotic transcription factor, in turn transactivated the expression of a proapoptotic protein, Bax. (tmu.edu.tw)
The increased expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and T cell marker KEN-5 were also reduced following PP treatment in the lung tissues compared with those in the OVA group. (kribb.re.kr)
A reduction of 75% in the expression of TK mRNA and protein was observed in HSV-1-infected cells that expressed these functional EGS RNAs. (azd1152.com)
In accord to our hypothesis, we have shown that both peptides are able to significantly reduce HIF-1α and increase HIF-3α expression in ARPE-19 cells exposed to hyperglycemic/hypoxic insult. (uniroma5.it)
Knockdown by AAV9-TRAF6-RNAi improved spatial learning and memory, decreased TUNEL-positive cell number in injured cortex, and downregulated expression levels of p-NF-κB, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-p38, CCL2, CCR2, CXCL1, and CXCR2 post-TBI. (researchsquare.com)
Stable overex-pression of FACL4 knockdown plasmids (small interfering RNA, siRNA) to Hep3B cells significantly decreased FACL4 expression and subsequently limited the cell proliferation. (tmu.edu.tw)
We observed that FJHQ induced autophagosomes in NSCLC cells and increased the levels of P62 and LC3-II protein expression in a concentration- and time-gradient-dependent manner, indicating that autophagic flux was inhibited. (biomedcentral.com)
Malnutrition, both protein-energy mal- aimed to assess the use of CD95 expression nutrition (PEM) and micronutrient defi- as a marker for following up these patients ciencies, continues to be a major health during their nutritional rehabilitation and burden in developing countries. (who.int)

Peripheral lung inflammation may cause a "spill-over" of cytokines, such as interlukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, into the systemic circulation, which may increase acute-phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP). (ersjournals.com)

While several of the antibody specificities observed in lupus have been documented in other autoimmune diseases as well, antibodies against dsDNA and the Sm protein are characteristic of lupus [ 5 ]. (explorationpub.com)

In myeloma, the level of serum or urine monoclonal protein usually serves as a quantitative marker of tumor burden. (medscape.com)

Both TGF-b1 and VEGF contributed significantly to the fibroproliferative and collagen-inducing effects of SWCNTs. (cdc.gov)
The VEGF-A protein and mRNA levels in conditioned medium of RGC-5 cells incubated with AGE-modified BSA (AGE-BSA) were examined with real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and BSA-treated cells were used as controls. (molvis.org)
Compared with the BSA controls, the RGC-5 cells incubated with AGE-BSA showed a dose- and time-dependent increase in VEGF-A mRNA and VEGF-A protein secretion in the supernatant, with the highest levels achieved at 24 h. (molvis.org)
Blocking with GZ, NAC, and JNK significantly suppressed AGE-induced VEGF-A production. (molvis.org)

In 1997 it was described how ARFs bind to auxin-response gene elements in promoters of auxin regulated genes, generally activating transcription of that gene when an Aux/IAA protein is not bound. (wikipedia.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
GSE76211) ( 3 , 4 ), revealing a significantly upregulated gene in BCa tissues, the lysosomal-associated protein multispanning transmembrane 5 (LAPTM5). (spandidos-publications.com)

In FABP7 knockout (KO) astrocytes, ROS induction significantly decreased LD accumulation, elevated ROS toxicity, and impaired thioredoxin (TRX) but not peroxiredoxin 1 (PRX1) signalling compared to ROS induction in wild-type astrocytes. (elsevierpure.com)
We provide evidence for the following signaling cascade: HIF-1 is activated rapidly by hypoxia in astrocytes. (jneurosci.org)
Indeed, we also found that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) following TBI promoted cognitive recovery and reduced the numbers of activated astrocytes in the ipsilateral hippocampal region and cortex after 2 weeks of treatment [10]. (researchsquare.com)

ASK1 is activated in response to various stresses, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipopolysaccharide, and calcium overload [17], [18]. (precisionfda.org)
ASK1 activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen ・activated protein (MAP) kinase, which have been known to play important roles in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. (naist.jp)

Taken together, our results suggested that decreased LAPTM5 inhibited proliferation and viability, as well as induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest possibly via deactivation of ERK1/2 and p38 in BCa cells. (spandidos-publications.com)

Here, we report that GABAergic (GABA) and dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are activated with different temporal patterns during acute and chronic itch. (iasp-pain.org)

Current therapies for comorbid diseases, such as statins and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-agonists, may provide unexpected benefits for COPD patients. (ersjournals.com)
Wall stress of heart induced by pressure overload activates neurohumoral factors such as Angiotensin II, phenylephrine (PE), endothelin-1 (ET-1) known as G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists, and cytokine (TNF-α) in the early stages. (naist.jp)

LAPMT5 is a lysosomal membrane protein preferentially expressed in immune cells ( 5 , 6 ) and hematopoietic cells ( 7 ), having a close interaction with the Nedd4 ( 8 ), a member of the E3 ubiquitin ligases family ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Recent data suggest that SRC family kinases (SFKs) could represent potential therapeutic targets for rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children. (oncotarget.com)

Midazolam significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced up-regulation of both cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner (approximately 3-30 microm). (asahq.org)

IAA enters the plant cell nucleus and binds to a protein complex composed of a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and a ubiquitin ligase (E3), resulting in ubiquitination of Aux/IAA proteins with increased speed. (wikipedia.org)

A 2015 experiment showed that a high-tryptophan diet can decrease serum levels of IAA in mice, but that in humans, protein consumption has no reliably predictable effect on plasma IAA levels. (wikipedia.org)
However, ASK KO mice had significantly attenuated LV remodeling compared to wild type mice 4 weeks after TAC. (naist.jp)

respirability is very different and the deposition fractions are significantly different as well between the two species. (cdc.gov)

High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been reported to be a potent proangiogenic factor induced by inflammatory stress. (molvis.org)

Prothrombinase activity is only demonstrable when the protein is associated with phospholipids, typified by cell membranes, coagulation factor V is required for maximal activity and this activity is independent of factor Xa [ 6 ]. (silverchair.com)
Although autophagy is an important life process involved in the maintenance of normal cell homeostasis and can actively remove excess, damaged, senescent proteins and organelles to achieve self-renewal [ 5 ], it is a double-edged sword for tumors. (biomedcentral.com)

Cooked adzuki beans are 66% water, 25% carbohydrates, including 7.3% dietary fiber, 8% protein, and contain negligible fat. (healthjade.com)

Female Sprague-Dawley rats implanted with bone cancer cells develop mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia but antagonizing GM-CSF in these animals significantly reduced such hypersensitivity. (iasp-pain.org)
Our transcriptome analysis revealed in bladder cancer (BCa) tissues a significant induction of lysosomal-associated multispanning membrane protein 5 (LAPTM5), a lysosomal membrane protein preferentially expressing in immune cells and hematopoietic cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
CD38/HLA-DR and Ki-67 percentages in blood, lymph node and rectal CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and plasma levels of IFN-, IL-6, IL-8, and IP-10 were all significantly reduced. (natap.org)
Fudosteine significantly inhibits increases in GRO/CINC-1 at 10-100 mg/kg, and neutrophils and goblet cells at 30 and 100 mg/kg. (xcessbio.com)
We observed the changes of autophagy level in NSCLC cells under the effect of FJHQ, and verified the level of the autophagy marker protein and cathepsin. (biomedcentral.com)
CD95 counts in the 3 types of white blood cells were significantly higher in PEM infants and showed improvement after nutritional rehabilitation yet not reaching the control values. (who.int)

IRF7, pSTAT1 and IP-10 protein accumulation was also reduced. (natap.org)

Anatomy20

Organisms8

Chemicals and Drugs173

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Phenomena and Processes39

Information Science3

MAPK39

Inhibitor7

Inhibition6

Phosphorylation5

Extracellular5

Apoptosis10

Pathways8

PI3K1

Activation11

MAPKs1

Inhibitors3

Endothelial Cells2

Chemokines1

Nuclear1

Regulates1

Stimuli1

Lipid3

Receptors4

Responses1

Pathway2

Cardiomyocytes1

Upregulation1

Expression14

Cytokines1

Antibody1

Tumor1

VEGF4

Gene3

Astrocytes3

ASK12

ERK11

Neurons1

Receptor2

Family2

Lipopolysaccharide1

Binds1

Mice2

Species1

Potent1

Cell2

Carbohydrates1

Cells6

Accumulation1