Signalling intracellular signaling peptides and proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

After that, manifold proteins and their related molecules were demonstrated to participate in novel signaling pathways related to various cytokines in different types of cells. (novapublishers.com)
The author of this book discovered a novel protein known as "regucalcin", which suppresses manifold signaling pathways related to transcription activity. (novapublishers.com)
Signal transduction pathways regulate gene expression in part by modulating the stability of specific mRNAs. (ed.ac.uk)
They play a role in cell signaling pathways such as those involving G-PROTEINS and the HIPPO-SIGNALING PATHWAY . (nih.gov)
Activation of this gene may be an important early step in cell growth and intracellular signal transduction pathways triggered in response to certain neural peptides or to cell interactions with the extracellular matrix. (genetex.com)
These conserved families of secreted morphogens/signals, such as Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Hedgehog (Hh), Wingless (Wg)/Wnt, Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), and Decapentaplegic (Dpp - a BMP homolog), act away from their sources and, upon binding to receptors, activate gene regulatory pathways to induce functions in recipient cells 1 , 2 . (biorxiv.org)
Essential roles of cytonemes or cytoneme-like filopodia have been discovered in many vertebrate and invertebrate systems and are implicated in most signaling pathways, including Hh, Dpp, FGF, EGF, Ephrin, and Wnt under various contexts 4 - 18 . (biorxiv.org)
Depletion of these critical signaling molecules by siRNA resulted in inhibition of chlamydial invasion to varying degrees, owing to a possible functional redundancy of the two pathways. (elsevierpure.com)

It has an essential role in animal development and recruits ion channels, receptors, and signaling molecules to discrete plasma membrane regions of polarized cells in the HEART ATRIA MYOCARDIUM. (umassmed.edu)
[1] Adenylate cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylate cyclase stimulatory G ( G s )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)
So, Dok-4 and Dok-5 molecules constitute a new group of adapter proteins in T cells, requiring further functional analysis. (ox.ac.uk)
MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)
Although some antigens (Ags) can stimulate the immune response directly, T cell-dependent acquired immune responses typically require antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to present antigen-derived peptides within major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Intracellular antigens (eg, viruses) can be processed and presented to CD8 cytotoxic T cells by any nucleated cell because all nucleated cells express class I MHC molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Extracellular antigens (eg, from many bacteria) that are phagocytosed or endocytosed can be processed into peptides and complexed with surface class II MHC molecules on professional APCs, which specialize in presenting antigens to CD4 helper T (Th) cells. (msdmanuals.com)

a ) Maximal fluorescence response to 10 μM glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) of the prototype GLP-1 sensor and the N-terminus deletion variants (16 or 23 first amino acids). (elifesciences.org)

Proteins and peptides that are involved in signal transduction within the cell. (usda.gov)
Dok proteins are adapter proteins involved in signal transduction. (ox.ac.uk)

The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
Repetto MV, Winters MJ, Bush A, Reiter W, Hollenstein DM, Ammerer G, Pryciak PM, Colman-Lerner A. CDK and MAPK Synergistically Regulate Signaling Dynamics via a Shared Multi-site Phosphorylation Region on the Scaffold Protein Ste5. (umassmed.edu)
We present evidence that phosphorylation of TTP is mediated by the p38-regulated kinase MAPKAPK2 (MAPK-activated protein kinase 2). (ed.ac.uk)
However, the latter can trigger phosphorylation of a protein fusion between Rad53 and the Mec1-interacting protein Ddc2, suggesting that the inability of Rad53 to transduce the meiosis-specific DSB signals might be due to its failure to access the meiotic recombination sites. (unimi.it)

A signal transducing adaptor protein that contains a single SH2 DOMAIN and is essential for the regulation of SLAM FAMILY RECEPTORS in the immune response. (bvsalud.org)

Thus integrins modulate the efficiency of the Erk (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase)/MAP kinase (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, acting at several distinct levels. (nih.gov)
We have shown that both cAMP-dependent protein kinase and PAKs (p21-activated kinases) play a role in integrin regulation of the Erk pathway, acting primarily at the level of Raf-1. (nih.gov)
The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
Afterwards, calmodulin and protein kinase C were discovered as modulator proteins of intracellular calcium signaling in hormonal action. (novapublishers.com)
For example, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 pathway mediates stabilization of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA in myeloid cells stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (ed.ac.uk)
CD4 functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation through its association with the T-cell receptor complex and protein tyrosine kinase, Lck. (thermofisher.com)
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase which is found concentrated in the focal adhesions that form between cells growing in the presence of extracellular matrix constituents. (genetex.com)
In eukaryotes, cyclic AMP works by activating protein kinase A (PKA, or cAMP-dependent protein kinase ). (wikipedia.org)
Cyclic AMP binds to specific locations on the regulatory units of the protein kinase, and causes dissociation between the regulatory and catalytic subunits, thus enabling those catalytic units to phosphorylate substrate proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Protein kinase A can also phosphorylate specific proteins that bind to promoter regions of DNA, causing increases in transcription. (wikipedia.org)
Several classes of protein kinases , including protein kinase C, are not cAMP-dependent. (wikipedia.org)
Further effects mainly depend on cAMP-dependent protein kinase , which vary based on the type of cell. (wikipedia.org)
Role of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad53 checkpoint kinase in signaling double-strand breaks during the meiotic cell cycle / H. Cartagena-Lirola, I. Guerini, N. Manfrini, G. Lucchini, M.P. Longhese. (unimi.it)
A neuronal protein consisting of three PDZ DOMAINS, an SH3 DOMAIN, and a C-terminal guanylate kinase-like region (see MAGUK PROTEINS). (bvsalud.org)
Price TJ, Das V, Dussor G. Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activators For the Prevention, Treatment and Potential Reversal of Pathological Pain. (rush.edu)

Mice lacking insulin receptor substrate-2 (Irs2) develop beta cell failure, suggesting that insulin signaling is required to maintain an adequate beta cell mass. (nih.gov)
Kim E, Cho KO, Rothschild A, Sheng M. Heteromultimerization and NMDA receptor-clustering activity of Chapsyn-110, a member of the PSD-95 family of proteins. (umassmed.edu)
This peptide-MHC complex signals through the T cell receptor and its associated proteins. (nih.gov)
Signal 2 is provided by costimulatory proteins, especially the B7 proteins (CD80 and CD86), which are recognized by the co-receptor protein CD28 on the surface of the T cell. (nih.gov)
The T cell receptor does not act on its own to transmit signal 1 into the cell. (nih.gov)
The flow-dependent adhesion of platelets to those and other extracellular matrix components is stabilized by a panel of integrins, including integrin α 2 β 1 , α IIb β 3 , and α 6 β 1 (adhesive platelet population), while the initial activation of platelets is achieved by signaling via the collagen/laminin receptor, glycoprotein VI (GPVI). (frontiersin.org)
The human glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is shown in gold, cpGFP in green, and residue targets of mutagenesis are shown in magenta. (elifesciences.org)
juega un papel crítico en la PLASTICIDAD SINÁPTICA mediada por el receptor NMDA. (bvsalud.org)

Included here are peptides and proteins that regulate the activity of transcription factors and cellular processes in response to signals from cell surface receptors. (usda.gov)
In addition, the CD4 and CD8 co-receptors play important parts in the signaling process, as illustrated in Figure 24-64 . (nih.gov)
The signaling events initiated by the binding of peptide-MHC complexes to T cell receptors (signal 1). (nih.gov)
The activities of adhesion and signaling receptors in platelets are controlled by several mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Adenylate cyclase is inhibited by agonists of adenylate cyclase inhibitory G ( G i )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)

and, regulation of biological processes such as chromosomal folding, protein secretion and intracellular signaling. (berkeley.edu)
Here, we show that FGF is Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored to the producing cell surface and that this modification both inhibits free FGF secretion and activates target-specific bidirectional FGF-FGFR signaling through cytonemes. (biorxiv.org)
In contrast, traditional models predict that the signal presentation from the source via free secretion and extracellular diffusion is a non-selective process. (biorxiv.org)
Chlamydia trachomatis attachment to cells induces the secretion of the elementary body-associated protein TARP (Translocated Actin Recruiting Protein). (elsevierpure.com)

Effector T cells act back to promote the expression of B7 proteins on antigen-presenting cells, creating a positive feedback loop that amplifies the T cell response. (nih.gov)

We show that conserved signaling mechanisms regulate the acute transition from proliferative NSCs to committed glutamatergic excitatory neurons. (edu.au)

Discs Large Homolog 1 Protein" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Discs Large Homolog 1 Protein" by people in this website by year, and whether "Discs Large Homolog 1 Protein" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Discs Large Homolog 1 Protein" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)

Cyclic AMP was a major molecule of interest, which played an important role as second messenger, contributing to signal transduction in the regulation of cellular function by peptide hormones. (novapublishers.com)
These findings bring along a paradox - not only do signals instruct cells and organize discrete cellular patterns, but cells also control the patterns of signal presentation and reception by organizing the distribution of cytonemes and cytoneme contacts 6 , 9 . (biorxiv.org)
Husnjak, K. & Dikic, I. Ubiquitin-binding proteins: decoders of ubiquitin-mediated cellular functions. (nature.com)
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate ( cAMP , cyclic AMP , or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate ) is a second messenger , or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes. (wikipedia.org)
Intracellular signaling protein kinases that play a signaling role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. (rush.edu)

A large family of regulatory proteins that function as accessory subunits to a variety of CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. (umassmed.edu)
The active subunits catalyze the transfer of phosphate from ATP to specific serine or threonine residues of protein substrates. (wikipedia.org)
The GTPase-containing subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins. (jefferson.edu)
The GTP-Binding protein alpha subunits are grouped into families according to the type of action they have on second messenger systems. (jefferson.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits" by people in Profiles. (jefferson.edu)

Notch signaling mediates G1/S cell-cycle progression in T cells via cyclin D3 and its dependent kinases. (umassmed.edu)
The encoded protein is a member of the FAK subfamily of protein tyrosine kinases but lacks significant sequence similarity to kinases from other subfamilies. (genetex.com)
It is also involved in the activation of protein kinases . (wikipedia.org)
Not all protein kinases respond to cAMP. (wikipedia.org)
AMP-activated protein kinases modify enzymes involved in LIPID METABOLISM, which in turn provide substrates needed to convert AMP into ATP. (rush.edu)

In this final section , we discuss the multiple signals that help activate a T cell and how a helper T cell , once activated to become an effector cell , helps activate other cells. (nih.gov)
To activate a cytotoxic or helper T cell to proliferate and differentiate into an effector cell , an antigen-presenting cell provides two kinds of signals. (nih.gov)
The combined actions of signal 1 and signal 2 stimulate the T cell to proliferate and begin to differentiate into an effector cell by a curiously indirect mechanism. (nih.gov)

Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (jefferson.edu)

Our findings demonstrate a direct link between a specific signal transduction pathway and a specific RNA-binding protein, both of which are known to regulate TNF-alpha gene expression at a posttranscriptional level. (ed.ac.uk)

We describe how these moieties can be used to inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated NF-κB signaling and to detect ubiquitinated cytosolic Salmonella in living cells, emphasizing a more flexible use compared with chain-specific antibodies. (nature.com)

Intracellular signaling peptide and proteins may be part of an enzymatic signaling cascade or act through binding to and modifying the action of other signaling factors. (usda.gov)
We show that TARP participates directly in chlamydial invasion activating the Rac-dependent signaling cascade to recruit actin. (elsevierpure.com)

Downregulation of Herg1 suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion by targeting Hippo signaling pathway]. (cancerindex.org)

The phosphorylated proteins may act directly on the cell's ion channels, or may become activated or inhibited enzymes. (wikipedia.org)

[3] [1] Noonan syndrome is a type of RASopathy , the underlying mechanism for which involves attenuation of the RAS/MAPK cell signaling pathway. (handwiki.org)

What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
Mutations in the SLAM-associated protein gene have been identified in cases of X-LINKED LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISEASE. (bvsalud.org)
Recruitment of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex stabilizes the TNF-R1 signaling complex and is required for TNF-mediated gene induction. (nature.com)
The identification of mutations in the forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) gene associated with IPEX syndrome and a murine model has generated a considerable amount of interest and research. (medscape.com)
Using information gathered from these mice, researchers mapped the forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) gene to Xp11.23-Xq13.3. (medscape.com)

If a T cell receives signal 1 without signal 2, it may undergo apoptosis or become altered so that it can no longer be activated, even if it later receives both signals ( Figure 24-62 ). (nih.gov)

Contact-mediated FGF-FGFR binding induces bidirectional signaling, which, in turn, promotes ASP and source cells to polarize cytonemes toward each other and reinforce signaling contacts. (biorxiv.org)

The zinc finger protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is expressed in response to LPS and regulates the stability of TNF-alpha mRNA. (ed.ac.uk)
Thus, GPI-anchored FGF organizes both source and recipient cells and self-regulates its cytoneme-mediated tissue-specific dispersion and signaling. (biorxiv.org)
Linear ubiquitination prevents inflammation and regulates immune signalling. (nature.com)
In addition, cAMP binds to and regulates the function of ion channels such as the HCN channels and a few other cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins such as Epac1 and RAPGEF2 . (wikipedia.org)

In 1998 a family of cAMP-sensitive proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity was discovered. (wikipedia.org)

Several intracellular proteins expressed in lymphocytes meet the criteria of membrane-associated adapter proteins such as members of the Dok family. (ox.ac.uk)
To understand the role and the formation of multiprotein networks involving Dok proteins in T lymphocytes, we search for potential additional members of this family. (ox.ac.uk)

Thus we have discovered a novel protein that links the alpha5beta1 integrin to migration controlled by Rho-family GTPases. (nih.gov)

And when we started mapping these active promoter genes, we found that in addition to thousands of signals at sites of known genes, many signals are mapped to different genomic sites where no genes are marked by the reference genome. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
By integrating these chromatin "signals to promoters" data and transcriptomics data (analysis of RNA transcripts of brain cells from many individuals), we have shown the possibility of discovering new genes that have not yet been annotated. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
For the most part, in this way we identified a series of protein-non-coding genes, but also some protein-coding ones. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

cAMP is a second messenger , used for intracellular signal transduction, such as transferring into cells the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline , which cannot pass through the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)

A genetically related subfamily of RAB GTP-BINDING PROTEINS involved in transport from the cell membrane to early endosomes. (wakehealth.edu)

Ulrich, H.D. & Walden, H. Ubiquitin signalling in DNA replication and repair. (nature.com)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)

Collectively, these data implicate TARP in signaling to the actin cytoskeleton remodeling machinery, demonstrating a mechanism by which C.trachomatis invades non-phagocytic cells. (elsevierpure.com)

Pope PA, Bhaduri S, Pryciak PM. Regulation of cyclin-substrate docking by a G1 arrest signaling pathway and the Cdk inhibitor Far1. (umassmed.edu)

The discrete tissue-specific organization of morphogen signaling is known to be dependent on the ability of signal-receiving cells to selectively sense and respond to a specific signal 3 . (biorxiv.org)

Understanding how signals might inform cells of their positional identity, directionality, and interactions and organize these functions in diverse tissue-specific patterns is critical to understanding morphogenesis. (biorxiv.org)
However, recent advances in microscopy revealed that both signal-producing and receiving cells could extend signaling filopodia named cytonemes and selectively deliver or receive signals through cytoneme-cell contact sites 4 - 9 . (biorxiv.org)
This interdependent relationship of signals and signaling cells through cytonemes, however, would require precise spatiotemporal coordination between cytoneme contact formation and signal release. (biorxiv.org)
b ) Representative images showing GLPLight1 expression and fluorescence intensity change before (left) and after (center) addition of 10 μM glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (7-37) as well as their respective pixel-wise ΔF/F 0 images in HEK293T cells (top) and primary cortical neurons (bottom). (elifesciences.org)
Altered G Protein Coupling in Olfactory Neuroepithelial Cells From Patients With Schizophrenia. (jefferson.edu)

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