Signaling pathway junctions cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

The lack of inductive signals from the ureteric bud combined with a downstream reduction in Pax2 expression results in apoptosis and agenesis of the kidney. (wikipedia.org)
WD-repeat proteins are a large family found in all eukaryotes and are implicated in a variety of functions ranging from signal transduction and transcription regulation to cell cycle control and apoptosis. (embl.de)
Biochemical and molecular aspects of cellular function, interactions and communication including cell cycle, apoptosis, cancer, neuronal transmission and the signal transduction pathways that integrate them. (sfu.ca)
Formation of active Hsp90/Cdc37 complex is one of the essential steps for facilitation of chaperone client interaction, non-assembly of which can lead to prevention of the chaperone-client association resulting in apoptosis of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
GSEA showed that high-risk patients were highly associated with apoptosis, cell cycle, ribosome, base excision repair, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and mismatch repair. (biomedcentral.com)
In a different study, in which researchers systematically analyzed mutations identical to those found in patients with Darier disease, mutant SERCA2 protein aggregates were found to cause stress to the endoplasmic reticulum, subsequently inducing cell apoptosis. (medscape.com)

Members of this family include the signal-transducing G protein beta subunit, as well as other proteins that regulate signal transduction, transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, cytoskeletal organization, and vesicular fusion. (embl.de)
His research area of expertise includes growth-related heat shock proteins, translational control of gene expression, molecular mechanisms of stress-dependent signal transduction, nucleo-cytoplasmic signalling, role of stress-activated protein kinase MK2 in vivo using knockout mouse models, regulation of gene expression by protein phosphorylation at the post-transcriptional level and new ERK3/MK5 signalling modules. (hoajonline.com)
His research is focused on Cell surface receptors, Ligand-receptor networks, Signalling pathways and inhibition, Signal transduction, Trafficking mechanisms. (hoajonline.com)
Numerous genes transcribed in oocytes are involved in multiple aspects of cell maintenance and protection, including metabolism, signal perception and transduction, RNA processing, cell cycle, defense against pathogens and DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)
In summary, we obtain 3 modules within the EMT network that correspond to signal transduction networks associated with TNF TGFB stimulation, too as EGF signaling. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. (cusabio.com)

Then, next-generation RNA sequencing was employed to assess cellular regulatory pathways. (ecco-ibd.eu)
Gene ontology annotation revealed a number of critical signalling pathways that were differentially expressed in cells treated with LA, including biological processes involved in establishment of cell polarity, molecular functions that regulate junctional structures, and cellular components associated with epithelial repair (cell leading edge, ruffle and apical junctional complex). (ecco-ibd.eu)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Transcripts found in unfertilized oocytes also encoded a large number of proteins implicated in cell adherence, tight junction and focal adhesion, suggesting high complexity in terms of structure and cellular interactions in embryos prior to midblastula transition (MBT). (biomedcentral.com)
To address our goals we use several model systems such as giant reticular spinal axon in lamprey, Drosophila neuromuscular junction, and mammalian neurons, in combination with molecular biology, genetics, cellular imaging techniques, and intracellular recordings. (ki.se)
Even more examination of M7 unveiled an enrich ment of signaling cascades which might be downstream of cellular junctions, most appreciably the focal adhesion pathway. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Mainly associated with cytoskeleton organization, in active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as cytoskeletal dynamics, cell migration and cell cycle. (cusabio.com)
In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling , cellular differentiation , and cell death , as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth . (wikipedia.org)
[20] This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy . (wikipedia.org)
With numerous illustrations and tables, each of the nearly 300 sections of the Guide describes genes involved in a specific pathway, process, or structure from the molecular and cellular levels to developmental and physiological processes. (cshlpress.com)
The Ras family of small GTPases transmits signals initiated by cell surface receptors, to regulate several cellular processes such as cell growth, differentiation, motility and death [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
FTS acts as a functional Ras antagonist in cells, affecting Ras-membrane interactions by dislodging the protein from its anchorage domains, facilitating its degradation and, thus, reducing cellular active Ras content [ 8 , 9 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Together, these results illustrate the co regulation of EGF receptors, their downstream signaling pathways, and their transcriptional targets. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
We aim to study the coupling between LTCC and β adrenergic receptors in different cardiomyocyte microdomains, the distinct involvement of PKA and CAMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) and explore how this functional complex is disrupted in heart failure.Methods:Global signaling between LTCCs and β adrenergic receptors was assessed with whole-cell current recordings and western blot analysis. (imperial.ac.uk)
In "on" bipolar cells, L-glutamate activates L-AP4 receptors to produce depolarization. (medscape.com)
Like the bipolar cells, the horizontal cells receive their inputs from receptors, and they generate no spikes. (medscape.com)

Mitochondrial biology, stress signaling and aging-related degenerative diseases. (upstate.edu)
His major research interest is in signalling dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, including mitochondrial and lysosomal, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Batten diseases. (hoajonline.com)
We are aiming at characterizing the signaling mechanisms that regulate the liquid-liquid phase transitions in the synaptic vesicle cycle, mitochondrial functions, and degradation pathways at nerve terminals to clarify how do they become affected at the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases and which molecular steps lead to protein aggregate formation. (ki.se)

Delineating the pathogenesis of ccRCC by investigating the gene and epigenetic changes and their effects on key molecules and their respective biologic pathways is of crucial importance for the improvement of current diagnostics, prognostics, and drug development [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Subsequently, rosmarinic acid treatment significantly reversed oxLDL‑induced overexpression of adhesion molecules and monocyte‑EC adhesion, oxLDL‑induced endothelial junction hyperpermeability and monocyte transmigration through the endothelial monolayer under HG conditions, in a dose‑dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)

The Ras family of small GTPases transmits extracellular signals that regulate cell growth, differentiation, motility and death. (oncotarget.com)

High-risk groups had significant involvement of the cell cycle, DNA replication, adherens junction, actin cytoskeleton regulation, pathways in cancer, and TGF-β signaling pathways. (aging-us.com)
Transcriptional integration of upstream signaling Examination of M6 unveiled an enrichment for TFs together with other nuclear proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, chromatin modifications, and epigenetic regulation. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. (cusabio.com)
It controls the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, via the regulation of GSK3B activity. (cusabio.com)
The molecular underpinnings common to and connecting these disorders are not known, but may include shared genetic risk factors ( 1 , 8 ), regulation of brain cations ( 9 , 10 ), or common receptor signaling events that activate pain ( 11 ), inflammation ( 12 ), or oxidative ( 13 ) pathways. (frontiersin.org)
Background Amino acid metabolism is essential for tumor cell proliferation and regulation of immune cell function. (bmj.com)
By using blockers of PKA and CaMKII and a Caveolin-3-knockout mouse model, we conclude that the β2AR-LTCC regulation requires the presence of caveolin-3 and the activation of the CaMKII pathway. (imperial.ac.uk)

The oocyte is loaded with maternal mRNAs and proteins that control the cell maintenance and fate and the formation of the body plan prior to the onset of zygotic genome expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, a PPI network can be modeled as an undirected graph, where vertices represent proteins and edges represent interactions between proteins, to prioritize disease associated genes or pathways and to understand the modus operandi of disease mechanisms [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Thus specific inhibition of individual proteins or signalling pathways holds a great potential for subversion of this genetic plasticity of cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
It is one of the most abundant proteins in the eukaryotic cells comprising 1-2% of total proteins under non-stress conditions [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Endothelial cells (ECs) form a semi-permeable monolayer that separates the bloodstream from underlying tissues and regulate the infiltration of blood cells and proteins through the vessel wall ( 1 , 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The primary barriers for invading respiratory pathogens are the respiratory tract epithelial cells and antimicrobial proteins generated by these cells. (cdc.gov)

SL originally described a relationship between two genes, where alteration of either gene alone results in viable cells, but alteration (mutation, loss, or inhibition) of both genes simultaneously was lethal. (nature.com)
IRE1 RNase inhibition (MKC8866) and PERK kinase inhibition (GSK-2606414) affect autophagy flux in U251 and U87 cells (p62 degradation and LC3β-II/LC3β-I ratio) in different ways. (mdpi.com)
Overall, PERK and IRE1 arms of the UPR are involved in the inhibition of autophagy induced by Simva-TMZ- in GBM cells. (mdpi.com)
The SHH pathway should be off at most of the time, by the inhibition of specific factors such as Patched 1 (PTC1), Protein Kinase A (PKA), Casein Kinase1 (CK1), and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (GSK3b), and only valid at precise time points [ 98 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)
Arresting the chaperone cycle at these stages by targeting different co-chaperone/Hsp90 interactions seems to be quite a viable alternative and is likely to achieve similar consequences as that of Hsp90 direct inhibition with added favors of high specificity and reduced side effect profile. (biomedcentral.com)
Previously, we have shown that Ras inhibition by FTS induces autophagy, which partially protects cancer cells and may limit the use of FTS as an anti-cancer drug. (oncotarget.com)
Since FTS is a non toxic drug we hypothesized that FTS and chloroquine (an autophagy inhibitor) will synergize in cell growth inhibition and cell death. (oncotarget.com)
Thus, chloroquine treatment may promote FTS-mediated inhibition of tumor cell growth and may stimulate apoptotic cell death. (oncotarget.com)

Lumican regulates osteosarcoma cell adhesion by modulating TGFβ2 activity. (uni-muenster.de)
In the present model, the bioelectric context of cells and tissue is the field responsible for organization, as it regulates cell proliferation and the level of communication driving the system's evolution. (nature.com)
An Endocytic Scaffolding Protein together with Synapsin Regulates Synaptic Vesicle Clustering in the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction. (ki.se)
In addition, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) integrated with PCR array data showed that the JAK1/STAT3 pathway was significantly altered in cells overexpressing DEFB1, suggesting this to be one of the pathways by which defensin regulates IAV replication in HBEpCs. (cdc.gov)

p53 signaling pathwaycyclin A Cdc2 kinase cyclin BAGG40744.1 ADB44904.1 ADB44902.1.21E-15 1.87E-27 eight.92E-0.49 0.45 0.0.15 0.13 0.0.31 0.29 0.Table 1. (ck2inhibitor.com)
In response to DNA damage, a synthetic lethal relationship exists between the cell cycle checkpoint kinase MK2 and the tumor suppressor p53. (nature.com)
Activated Ras transmits signals through its interaction with multiple effectors, including mitogen activated kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and Ral-GEF [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Also known as taxis, directed cell migration has been commonly associated with chemotaxis, i.e. the ability of a broad variety of cell types to migrate following gradients of chemical factors. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Melanoma biopsies with high densities of CD16+ macrophages contained upregulated gene expression of critical T-cell recruiting chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11). (bvsalud.org)
Gene set enrichment analysis showed that samples from low-risk group were more active in the IgA production in intestinal immune network and the T and B cell receptor signaling pathway. (aging-us.com)
Al though it has been shown that EPO induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 in addition to a likely purpose for this gene continues to be inferred in fetal definitive erythropoi esis through pathway examination, activation of Stat3 is uncommon in hematopoietic cell lines. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Finally, gene compositions of altered modules were analyzed, and pathways enrichment analyses of genes in altered modules were carried out based on Expression Analysis Systematic Explored (EASE) test. (hindawi.com)
In the fly, signals are regulated by a single Hh gene, while in mammals, Sonic (SHH), Indian (IHH), and Desert (DHH) hedgehog play different regulatory roles [ 37 , 148 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)
Gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was compared between the high-risk and low-risk patients by this multivariate model. (bmj.com)
From the transcriptome analysis in PBMCs, this multivariate model was significantly correlated with the gene signatures related to immune responses, such as CD8 T-cell activation/proliferation and proinflammatory immune responses, and 12 amino acid-related genes were differentially expressed between the high-risk and low-risk groups. (bmj.com)
This study explores the use of a simple human neurosphere-based in vitro model to characterise the pharmacological and toxicological effects of LiCl and VPA using gene expression changes linked to phenotypic alterations in cells. (plos.org)
In addition, in order to phenotypically anchor the gene expression data, changes in the heterogeneity of cell subtype populations and cell cycle phase were monitored using flow cytometry. (plos.org)
The protein encoded by this gene can bind to a functionally important site in the T-cell receptor-alpha enhancer, thereby conferring maximal enhancer activity. (cancer-genetics.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancer-genetics.org)
Significant downregulation of beta-defensin1 gene (DEFB1) expression was observed when human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) were exposed to IAV. (cdc.gov)

The objective of this work is to identify dysregulated genes and pathways of ccRCC temporally according to systematic tracking of the dysregulated modules of reweighted Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks. (hindawi.com)
We successfully identified dysregulated genes and pathways of ccRCC in different stages, and these might be potential biological markers and processes for treatment and etiology mechanism in ccRCC. (hindawi.com)

A combination treatment of Simvastatin (Simva) and Temozolomide (TMZ) inhibits autophagy flux and induces unfolded protein response (UPR) in GBM cells (U251, U87). (mdpi.com)
IHH signal induces activation of Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHRP) on the articular surface and gets rid of the hypertrophy of chondrocytes [ 49 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)
Our results demonstrate that in HCT-116 and in Panc-1 cells, FTS induces autophagy, which can be inhibited by chloroquine. (oncotarget.com)

These results reveal a transcriptional regulatory mode of KRAS-driven malignant transformation and highlight miR-139-5p as a novel regulator of crosstalk between the Ras and Wnt signaling pathways in CRC. (thno.org)
A plausible mechanism for how signaling from these pathways is integrated into a transcriptional response is offered by the remaining module, six. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Transcriptional profiling that compared systemic responses of women with chlamydial PID to women with local cervical infection, identified specific, disease-associated inflammatory pathways [6] and revealed how NG co-infection depressed developing immunity. (microbialcell.com)

Furthermore, Module analysis revealed that the ten hub genes except TOP2A were belonged to module 1, indicating the upregulation of these hub genes associated molecular pathways in nasopharyngeal carcinoma might activate nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathogenesis. (oncotarget.com)
Cell signalling and Trafficking emphasize current knowledge and information regarding cell response and reaction to signalling mechanisms and molecular transport system within the cell. (hoajonline.com)
Molecular Biology of the Cell , 7th edition. (sfu.ca)
Our current interest is in the molecular mechanisms, which link the synaptic vesicle cycle with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases and primerily under conditions that lead to α-synuclein-related pathologies observed in Parkinson's disease, as well as in several diseases referred to as synucleinopathies. (ki.se)
Hsp90 (Heat-shock protein 90 kDa) is one of a group of molecular chaperones responsible for managing protein folding and quality control in cell environment. (biomedcentral.com)

miR-139-5p overexpression inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro , sensitized tumors to chemotherapy, and impaired tumor growth and metastasis in vivo . (thno.org)
12 ] found that the lncRNA FAM207BP facilitated LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. (aging-us.com)
Previous researches completed by our team have also demonstrated that resveratrol inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
The present work introduces a computational implementation of some principles of a theory of organism development, namely that the default state of cells is proliferation and motility, and includes the principle of variation and organization by closure of constraints. (nature.com)
Starting from a depolarized (proliferative) cell, the organism grows to a certain size, limited by the increasingly polarized state after successive proliferation events. (nature.com)

Liquid-liquid phase separation in cells has emerged as a common principle for the organization of membrane-less compartments. (ki.se)
This is exacerbated by changes in the expression of membrane ion channels and under-expression and reorganization of gap junctions ( Luke and Saffitz, 1991 ) in the infarct border zone also slowing conduction ( Tse, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of the MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization. (cusabio.com)
Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy . (wikipedia.org)
Electron microscopy reveals loss of desmosomes (epithelial intercellular junctions formed by membrane and submembrane protein complexes), breakdown of desmosome-keratin intermediate filament attachment, and perinuclear aggregates of keratin intermediate filaments. (medscape.com)
The passage of ions across the myocyte cell membrane is regulated through specific ion channels that cause cyclical depolarization and repolarization of the cell, called an action potential. (msdmanuals.com)

Functional and pathway enrichment analysis showed that up-regulated genes were significantly involved in cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, DNA replication and p53 signaling pathway, while down-regulated genes were enriched in Huntington's disease,metabolic pathways. (oncotarget.com)

Osr1 can also interact with Tbx5 to regulate posterior second heart field cell cycle progression for cardiac septation. (wikipedia.org)
Ras can also regulate autophagy by affecting several signaling pathways including the mTOR pathway. (oncotarget.com)

The cell nuleus is shown in blue, actin filaments in red and keratin filaments in green. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The actin cytoskeleton can be seen in green, coated with active myosin (ppMLC) in red, and the cell-cell junctions (E-cadherin) in blue. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Preformed Ω-profile closure and kiss-and-run mediate endocytosis and diverse endocytic modes in neuroendocrine chromaffin cells. (ki.se)

Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. (cusabio.com)
ECs were treated with oxLDL under HG conditions in the presence or absence of ROS scavengers mitoTEMPO and NAC, p38 inhibitor SB203580, FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 or transfected with the TXNIP siRNA, before protein expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‑1 (VCAM‑1), phosphorylated vascular endothelial‑cadherin (VE‑cadhedrin), VE‑cadherin and zonula occludens‑1 (ZO‑1) were measured by western blotting. (spandidos-publications.com)

Mouse embryonic limb muscle connective tissue cells express the transcription factor Osr1, differentiating into fibrogenic and adipogenic cells in vivo and in vitro and defining an embryonic Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAP) like population. (wikipedia.org)
This transcription factor is involved in the Wnt signaling pathway, and it may function in hair cell differentiation and follicle morphogenesis. (cancer-genetics.org)
In a PCR array analysis of 84 transcription factors, either overexpressing DEFB1 or siRNA silencing of DEFB1 expression significantly modulated the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). (cdc.gov)

KRAS mutation disrupted the miR-139-5p/Wnt signaling reciprocal negative feedback mechanism, which might cause miR-139-5p downregulation and derepression of oncogenic signaling pathways and EMT. (thno.org)

Other above represented cell adhe sion pathways include things like integrins, adherens junctions, nectins, and tight junctions. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

Here, we report that odorant-binding protein (OBP2A) released from tumors in remission during ADT catches survival factors, such as CXCL15/IL8, to promote PCa cell androgen-independent growth and enhance the infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into tumor microenvironment, leading to the emergence of castration resistance. (bvsalud.org)
This was found to be dependent on the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/p38 MAPK/forkhead box O1 (FOXO1)/thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) signaling pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
Present study was designed to establish a causal connection between changes in the cell-cell junction protein expression at the blood-testis barrier and alterations in the adult rat testis histology following an anti-androgen flutamide exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Particular emphasis was placed on the basal ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in the seminiferous epithelium and expression of gap junction protein, connexin 43 (Cx43). (biomedcentral.com)
The investigators found that the resultant transfected cells showed defects in ATP2A2 protein expression (15 mutants), ATP hydrolysis (29 mutants), calcium transport (4 mutants), and calcium binding and kinetics (3 mutants). (medscape.com)

The Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is essential for embryonic development and tissue regeneration. (regenmedres-journal.org)
Human embryonic stem cells (hESc) can also be used to analyze the in vitro development from undifferentiated pluripotent cells leading to terminally differentiated cell types, recapitulating the process of early embryonic development [5] . (plos.org)
Organoids from many organs have now been obtained from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and organ progenitors. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Pre-treatment of anoxic injured C2BBe1cells with 10 mM LA significantly increased TEER as compared with untreated anoxic injured cells. (ecco-ibd.eu)
miR-139-5p was significantly downregulated in KRAS-mutated CRC cells and tissues compared with their wild-type counterparts. (thno.org)
In in vitro experiment using HaCaT cells, we found that the S. lappa components, including alantolactone, caryophyllene, costic acid, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone significantly decreased the expression of PI3Kca but not IL20Rβ in vitro . (molcells.org)
Dual voltage/calcium optical mapping of post-MI Langendorff perfused hearts (using RH-237 and Rhod2) demonstrated that the border zone was significantly more prone to alternans than the surrounding myocardium at longer cycle lengths, predisposing to spatially heterogeneous alternans. (frontiersin.org)
Whilst LiCl exposure did not significantly alter the proportion of cells expressing markers for stem cells/undifferentiated cells (Oct4, SSEA4), neurons (Neurofilament M), astrocytes (GFAP) or cell cycle phase, the drug caused a 1.4-fold increase in total cell number. (plos.org)

The advance in understanding the SHH signaling pathway will give us more clues to the mechanisms of tissue repair and regeneration, as well as the development of new treatment for diseases related to dysregulation of SHH signaling pathway. (regenmedres-journal.org)

Lumican expression is positively correlated with the differentiation and negatively with the growth of human osteosarcoma cells. (uni-muenster.de)
Microarray analyses detected a suite of master developmental regulators that control differentiation and maintenance of diverse cell lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
DHH/PTC1 signaling triggers differentiation of Leydig cells by up-regulating Steroidogenic Factor 1 and expression of cytochrome P450 Side-Chain Cleavage enzyme located outside testicular cord [ 145 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)

Transcriptomic profiling identified multiple modulators in the Ras (JUN and FOS) and Wnt (CTNNB1 and DVL1) signaling pathways and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process (ZEB1) as direct targets of miR-139-5p, and inverse correlations were confirmed in CRC clinical tissues. (thno.org)
But these treatments, to some extent, easily produce side effects on normal cells, organs, and other tissues of the human body, thus accelerating the death process of cancer patients. (hindawi.com)
Because most tumors are deficient in one or more aspects of the function of the p53 tumor suppressor, either as a consequence of mutations within p53, or impairment of upstream and downstream modulators of p53 activity 19 , targeting MK2 has the potential to selectively enhance tumor cell killing without increasing the genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on normal p53-wild type tissues. (nature.com)
We develop new technologies to map and perturb the main physical properties that determine how cells and tissues grow, move, invade and remodel. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Prezygotic transcripts included multiple regulators that are most likely involved in developmental processes that take place long after fertilization, such as components of ErbB, hedgehog, notch, retinoid, TGFb, VEGF and Wnt signaling pathways, as well as transcripts involved in the development of nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
With each other, these effects propose that coor click here dinated changes in chromatin sustain the action of pathways connected together with the response to TNF TGFB to the mesenchymal state. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
A really substantial enrichment for TGFB signaling, particularly via SMAD2 and 3 signifies that M6 similarly associates with M1. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

The three germ layers and the body plan of the mature organism are established during gastrulation, and the period is characterized by extensive cell movements and intracellular communications [ 21 , 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These results could be reproduced by computer modeling of the border zone based on our knowledge of β-adrenergic receptor signaling pathways and their influence on intracellular calcium handling and ion channels. (frontiersin.org)

These findings establish a mechanism for co-targeting DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints in combination with repair of cisplatin-DNA lesions in vivo using RNAi nanocarriers, and motivate further exploration of ASL as a generalized strategy to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)

Horizontal cell outputs inhibit (ie, reduce transmission at) nearby unilluminated receptor-bipolar cell synaptic junctions. (medscape.com)

Carcinogenesis is introduced through a localized event (a spot of depolarized cells) or by random depolarization of cells in the tissue, which returns cells to their initial proliferative state. (nature.com)
This simplified model of embryogenesis, tissue organization and carcinogenesis, based on non-excitable cells' bioelectric properties, can be made more realistic with the introduction of other components, like biochemical fields and mechanical interactions, which are fundamental for a more faithful representation of reality. (nature.com)
An organism's growth and transformation during its life cycle is a tremendously complex succession of processes and events but even a simplistic and limited theory, dealing with only the general trend and generating a broad vision of tissue organization, can drive specific studies and experiments to further inform this field of research. (nature.com)
The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism , tissue , and cell type. (wikipedia.org)
To study cell and tissue dynamics we develop new technologies to measure physical forces at the cell-cell and cell-matrix interface. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
By combining these technologies with computational analysis of cell shape and velocity we obtain a full experimental characterization of epithelial dynamics during tissue growth, wound healing and cancer cell invasion. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Surprisingly, some cells in the tissue barely stretch, while others become 'superstretched', increasing their area more than ten times. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and accounts for approximately 60% to 70% of all renal tumors [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

These oxLDL‑mediated effects under HG conditions were also demonstrated to be dependent on this ROS/p38 MAPK/FOXO1/TXNIP signaling pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)

In addition to basic science investigations in such areas as tumor cell invasion, oncogenes, immunotherapy and genetic inheritance, our scientists and physicians participate in national cancer trials. (upstate.edu)
Because BRCA mutations are observed in fewer than 10% of cancer patients (cBioPortal: 6.7%) 11 , 12 , 13 the identification of additional genes that share synthetic lethal sensitivity relationships with mutated oncogenes or tumor suppressors would greatly enhance the implementation of tumor cell-specific synthetic lethal sensitivity to improve an anticancer therapeutic response. (nature.com)

Both processes are the result of a complex interaction between tumor cells and their microenvironment. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
One of our main lines of research is to study how tumours exploit the functions of non-cancer cells in their microenvironment to invade and metastasize. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
They create a specialized microenvironment to support the germ cell development especially through the formation of the blood-testis barrier (BTB). (biomedcentral.com)

Based on prior work in our lab, we hypothesised that LA would protect the TJ barrier in an anoxic injury IBD model associated with upregulation of TJ-associated signalling pathways. (ecco-ibd.eu)
In contrast, exposure to VPA resulted in significant upregulation of Oct4, SSEA, Neurofilament M and GFAP with significant decreases in both G2/M phase cells and cell number. (plos.org)

Patients with low risk scores had a higher abundance of immune cells and stromal cells around the tumor. (aging-us.com)
7 ] revealed that PECAM1 is involved in LUAD development by increasing the abundance of several immune cells. (aging-us.com)
However, the clinical significance of free amino acids (plasma-free amino acids (PFAAs)) and tryptophan-related metabolites in plasma has not been fully understood in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who receive immune checkpoint inhibitors. (bmj.com)
Clinical correlation, external validation, functional enrichment analysis, drug and cell line analysis, and tumor immune environment analysis were conducted. (biomedcentral.com)

Immunoreceptor signaling during development, homeostasis, and effector function of T cells and NK cells. (upstate.edu)
The system reaches homeostasis, with a depolarized core (proliferative cells) surrounded by a rim of polarized cells (non-proliferative in this condition). (nature.com)
This theory would deal with the way an organism spontaneously grows from a single cell to a complete and complex organism, introducing organization at the different development stages and homeostasis for a mature organism. (nature.com)
We use Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a reference system for dissecting the signaling pathways involved in metal sensing, sparing and homeostasis in the context of chloroplast biology and photosynthesis. (berkeley.edu)

As shown by examination of semi-thin and ultrathin sections, cell surface occupied by the basal ES connecting neighboring Sertoli cells and the number of gap and tight junctions coexisting with the basal ES were apparently reduced in flutamide-treated rats. (biomedcentral.com)
In the testis, Sertoli cells serve as supporting cells and reside as a basal epithelial lining within the seminiferous epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)

Tight junctions (TJs) located at the apical lateral region of adjacent intestinal epithelial cells are largely responsible for regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier. (ecco-ibd.eu)
its structural components include not only tight junctions (TJs), but also gap junctions (GJs) and atypical adherens junctional complexes - ectoplasmic specialization (ES) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A light flash decreases the dark current and hyperpolarizes the photoreceptors relative to the dark state, reducing the amount of inhibitory neurotransmitters released onto the bipolar cell. (medscape.com)
The bipolar cells, no longer inhibited, release neurotransmitters, which stimulate the ganglion cells to generate action potentials. (medscape.com)

Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Here, the computationally predicted functional purpose for Stat3 in primitive, but not definitive, erythroid cell maturation is validated in vitro. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
In the interstitial compartment, however, short-term exposure leads to both histological and functional changes of the Leydig cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The neural signals initially processed by the retina travel via the axons of the ganglion cells through the optic nerves, dividing and partially crossing over into the optic chiasm and then travelling via the optic tracts to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). (medscape.com)
The primary line of information transmission is from photoreceptor to bipolar cell to ganglion cell and then to the brain, but the amacrine and horizontal cells provide lateral transmission lines that can produce the complicated center-surround receptive fields of ganglion cells. (medscape.com)

In a number of animal species, MZT roughly coincides with the mid-blastula transition (MBT) [ 20 ] when cells become motile and divide asynchronously. (biomedcentral.com)
Re pression of ErbB23 signaling coincides together with the repres Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries sion of many of its interaction partners. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

The roles of miR-139-5p in CRC cells with and without KRAS mutation were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, flow cytometry and transwell assays in vitro and by tumorigenesis and metastasis assays in vivo . (thno.org)

Larazotide acetate (LA, Innovate Biopharmaceuticals, Inc., Raleigh, NC) is a synthetic, eight amino acid peptide that is known to act as a TJ regulator capable of closing 'leaky' interepithelial junctions. (ecco-ibd.eu)

Today, it is generally thought that the combination of determinants deposited by the mother during oogenesis and the inductive signals between different cells trigger the specification of different cell lineages during development of the embryo [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Ras signaling is constitutively active in a large number of human cancers. (oncotarget.com)

Anatomy31

Organisms14

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes77

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Apoptosis6

Transduction6

Cellular12

Receptors4

Mitochondrial3

Molecules2

Extracellular1

Regulation7

Proteins6

Inhibition8

Regulates4

Kinase3

Chemotaxis1

Gene12

Genes and pathways2

Induces3

Transcriptional3

Molecular5

Proliferation5

Membrane6

Metabolic pathways1

Regulate2

Actin2

Endocytosis1

Adhesion2

Transcription3

Oncogenic1

Integrins1

Protein5

Embryonic3

Significantly5

Dysregulation1

Differentiation3

Tissues4

TGFb3

Intracellular2

Mechanism1

Synaptic1

Tissue7

Renal1

MAPK1

Tumor cell2

Microenvironment3

Upregulation2

Immune4

Homeostasis4

Basal2

Tight2

Neurotransmitters2

Functional2

Lateral2

Coincides2

Vitro1

Regulator1

Inductive signals1

Cancers1