Signaling cascade. Medical search. Frequent questions

This study dissects the different G-protein signalling and MAPK pathways activated in a pluripotent human adrenal H295R cell line capable of all the physiological steps involved in steroidogenesis. (warwick.ac.uk)
The signaling pathways are highly dynamic and tightly regulated, ensuring precise and specific responses to environmental changes. (facts.net)
05 Crosstalk between different signaling pathways is common. (facts.net)
GPCRs are membrane proteins that play a crucial role in activating downstream signaling pathways upon binding to specific ligands. (facts.net)
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that hyperactivation of BDNF-TrkB signaling pathways in surgically resected HH tissue is a possible mechanism for downregulation of KCC2 expression, which in turn underlies GABA-mediated excitation within HH. (barrowneuro.org)
Methods: Activation of three major BDNF-TrkB signaling pathways including MAPKs, Akt, and PLCÎ³1 were evaluated in surgically resected HH tissue (nÂ =Â 14) versus human hypothalamic control tissue (nÂ =Â 8) using combined methodologies of biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, and electrophysiology. (barrowneuro.org)
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that multiple BDNF-TrkB signaling pathways are activated in HH. (barrowneuro.org)
More generally, these observations delineate an approach that can be used to identify druggable synthetic lethal interactions with signaling pathways that are frequently activated in cancer but are difficult to target with the currently available small molecule inhibitors. (plos.org)
However, the effect of rapid signaling via ERβ on dendritic spines and the signaling pathways initiated by this receptor in cortical neurons are unknown. (jneurosci.org)
Therefore, there have been recent attempts to develop effective anticancer strategies targeting apoptotic signaling pathways [ 2 ], such as through inhibiting anti-apoptotic survival factors, which are likely overexpressed in many tumors and may confer drug-resistant phenotypes [ 2 , 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Diverse signal recognition receptors and signal transduction pathways were defined which regulate cellular functions, metabolism and development. (mdpi.com)
Furthermore, these pathways are essential for cellular dynamics and build a highly regulated cellular signalling network. (mdpi.com)
However, dysregulations of these signalling pathways are also causes for pathophysiological processes and diseases. (mdpi.com)
Therefore, the understanding of the diverse signalling molecules, signal recognition mechanisms and signal transduction pathways is fundamental for the insight into physiological and pathophysiological processes. (mdpi.com)
Transcriptomic changes in L. dendroidea in the presence of V. madracius include the upregulation of genes that participate in signaling pathways described here for the first time as a response of seaweeds to microbes. (asm.org)
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L), has proven to be a modulator of multiple intercellular signalling pathways linked to inflammation, to proliferation, growth, invasion, drug sensitivity, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. (researchgate.net)
Insulin signaling cascade involving both glucoregulatory and anabolic pathways. (wjgnet.com)
Recently, our lab found that touch signalling is controlled by multiple complementary signalling pathways. (lu.se)
A functional drug screen in co-cultures identified effector pathways involved in the CAF-induced regulation of ER-α signaling. (lu.se)

http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/11/6/701.abstract "The PI 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway delivers an anti-apoptotic signal" 1997 Zhuravliova, E. (wikipedia.org)
These findings suggest that the increased brain inflammation in apoE4 mice is related to disregulation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
Our results indicate that the spinal IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway contributes to chronic itch via astrocytic JAK2-STAT3 cascade activation, promoting TNF-α release to regulate the GRP/GRPR signaling-related itch response. (nih.gov)
Here, we review the mechanisms associated with the activation of the ERK1/2 pathway by these agonists with particular emphasis on signal integration into the pathway. (reading.ac.uk)
08 The MAPK/ERK pathway is a well-known signaling cascade involved in cell proliferation and survival. (facts.net)
Notch signaling pathway has been linked to bone loss in periodontitis and peri-implantitis . (bvsalud.org)
These results implicate ERβ signaling in controlling dendritic spine morphology, in part via a PAK/ERK1/2-dependent pathway, and provide mechanistic insight into the rapid cellular effects of estrogen on brain function. (jneurosci.org)
Signaling via ERβ also resulted in activation of a PAK/ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2) signaling pathway. (jneurosci.org)
In the present study, we observed that inactivation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway using ABT-737 dramatically increased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bim via transcriptional and/or posttranslational regulation, in a cell type-dependent manner, inducing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of human oral cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)
However, cancer cells use various strategies to avoid apoptotic cell death by modulating multiple key regulators of the apoptotic signaling pathway. (oncotarget.com)
The afferent fibers of the autonomic nervous system of the heart share the same pathway with gastrointestinal, genitourinary, baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors and transmit signals to the medulla by cranial nerves X and IX. (medscape.com)

The Anti-apoptotic Ras signaling cascade is an intracellular signal transduction cascade that involves the Ras protein and inhibits apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
15 Cellular apoptosis is regulated by signaling cascades. (facts.net)
We also show that Int 407 cells produce CysLTs and blocking this autocrine signaling using three different CysLT1 receptor antagonists for longer time points led to attenuation in cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in the cells. (lu.se)

Our results show that maternal dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency increases microglia-mediated phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the rodent developing hippocampus, partly through the activation of 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX)/12-HETE signaling, altering neuronal morphology and affecting cognitive performance of the offspring. (nature.com)
and (iv) pharmacological manipulation of TrkB signaling alters HH neuronal firing rate. (barrowneuro.org)

The atherosclerotic lesions promote an intracellular signaling cascade, highlighted in Fig. 1 . (springer.com)

Protein phosphorylation and membrane proteins play an important role in the infection of plants by phytopathogenic fungi, given their involvement in signal transduction cascades. (escholarship.org)
To increase coverage, we analysed by LC-MS/MS the first-reported overlapped proteome in phytopathogenic fungi, the "phosphomembranome" of B. cinerea, combining the two most important signal transduction subproteomes. (escholarship.org)
Disruption of signaling function was not restricted to transduction of cholinergic signals but rather extended to adrenergic signals as well. (duke.edu)
However, viruses have evolved numerous strategies to hinder the cGAS-STING signal transduction, promoting their immune evasion. (frontiersin.org)
It is involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. (researchandmarkets.com)

03 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a common component of signaling cascades. (facts.net)
04 Protein kinases are key players in intracellular signaling cascades. (facts.net)
Intracellular signaling cascades involve a series of protein-protein interactions, phosphorylation events, and activation of downstream signaling molecules. (facts.net)
Protein kinases add phosphate groups to target proteins, modulating their activity and propagating the signaling cascade. (facts.net)
showed that protein accumulation of SPX4 was decreased by nitrate induction of phosphate signaling via degradation by ubiquitination and there was a shift in PHR2 localization from the cytosol to the nucleus. (plantae.org)
Scopolin also enhanced deacetylation of nuclear factor-kappa enhancer binding protein and liver kinase B1 (LKB1), facilitating LKB1/AMP-activated protein kinase signaling cascades. (elsevierpure.com)
By attaching to another protein known as a receptor, the FGF3 protein triggers a cascade of chemical reactions inside the cell that signal the cell to undergo certain changes, such as dividing or maturing to take on specialized functions. (medlineplus.gov)
During development before birth, the signals triggered by the FGF3 protein stimulate cells to form the structures that make up the inner ears. (medlineplus.gov)
The altered protein likely has reduced or absent function and is unable to stimulate signaling. (medlineplus.gov)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are serine-threonine protein kinases that initiate protein kinase signaling cascades. (bvsalud.org)
In the proposed work we will study candidate components of the early touch-signalling cascade such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and plasma-membrane Ca 2+ channels, as we suspect that they play a crucial role in the early touch-signalling cascade. (lu.se)

This research aimed to determine the Notch signaling molecules expression levels (Notch1, Notch2, Jagged1, Hes1, and Hey1), along with bone remodeling mediators (RANKL and OPG) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-17 , IL-1 ß, and IL-6 ) in patients with peri-implant diseases . (bvsalud.org)
Mutagenesis signalling molecules cade. (who.int)

Results of the study show that B.nigra has potential anticancer activity by modulating intrinsic activity of apoptotic signaling in PC-3 cells. (phcogj.com)

Activation of ERβ by WAY-200070 also resulted in the phosphorylation of p21-activated kinase (PAK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in cultured cortical neurons, suggesting a mechanism for the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. (jneurosci.org)
We will use genetic tools to knock out genes and study the response of these mutants to touch stimulation in comparison to WT with regards to gene expression, phosphorylation cascades and alteration in growth and development. (lu.se)

I am attempting to understand how to manipulate portions of a cascaded series of biquad notch filters in a control system I am working with. (stackexchange.com)
If I needed to attenuate a specific frequency as viewed from power spectra of the feedback in the control system, would it be appropriate to modify a particular notch filter of my cascaded series to focus in on that frequency or since they are cascaded, would I have to modify all terms slightly? (stackexchange.com)
The Notch signaling cascade in neuroblastoma: role of the basic helix-loop-helix proteins HASH-1 and HES-1. (lu.se)
Notch signalling cascade and proinflammatory mediators in peri-implant lesions with different RANKL/OPG ratios-An observational study. (bvsalud.org)
Epigenetically dysregulated NOTCH-Delta-HES signaling cascade can serve as a subtype classifier for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (cdc.gov)
A cascade of gene activations under the control of Notch signalling is required during T-cell specification, when T-cell precursors gradually lose the potential to undertake other fates and become fully committed to the T-cell lineage. (lu.se)
A feed-forward motif with multiple positive feed-backs can account for the observed delay between BCL11B versus TCF-1 and GATA-3 activation by Notch signalling. (lu.se)
With a novel computational approach, all 32 possible interactions among Notch signalling, TCF-1, and GATA-3 are explored by translating combinatorial logic expressions into differential equations for BCL11B production rate. (lu.se)

Analysis using signalling and MAPK inhibitors as well as receptor-specific antagonists determined the precise mediators of the orexin response in these cells. (warwick.ac.uk)

11 Receptor desensitization is a mechanism that prevents excessive activation of signaling cascades. (facts.net)
Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling is initiated by binding of Wnt ligands to Frizzled (Fzd)-LRP5/6 receptor complexes, leading to inactivation of the destruction complex and stabilization of β-catenin. (plos.org)
Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is expressed in cortical neurons, and ERβ knock-out mice display impaired performance in cortically mediated processes, suggesting that signaling via this receptor has profound effects on cortical neuron function. (jneurosci.org)
However, the effect of rapid signaling through estrogen receptor β (ERβ) in cortical neurons is not known. (jneurosci.org)
This suggest that LTD4 signaling through CysLT1 receptor is some how crucial for normal maintenance of intestinal epithelial cells. (lu.se)

The extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) are particularly implicated in the growth response of cardiac myocytes. (reading.ac.uk)
Signaling to the nucleus and the regulation of transcription factor activity associated with ERK1/2 activation in cardiac myocytes are also discussed. (reading.ac.uk)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

14 Inflammatory signaling cascades play a critical role in the immune response. (facts.net)
PRRs initiate a signalling cascade that leads to activation and production of inflammatory cytokines upon recognition of conserved microbial signatures or danger signals (commonly referred to as pathogen associated molecular patterns or PAMPs, or danger associated molecular patterns or DAMPS, respectively). (immunochemistry.com)
Increased reactive oxygen species activate various cytokine/growth factor signaling cascades resulting in increased expression of inflammatory and fibrotic genes. (cdc.gov)
The pro-inflammatory mediator, Leukotriene D4 (LTD4) is a product of arachidonic acid cascade and has been implicated in asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases. (lu.se)
All these results indicate that this inflammatory mediator could be implicated in the inflammation-induced neoplastic transformation through CysLT1R and the downstream signaling cascades. (lu.se)

Signaling through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 cascade in cardiac myocytes. (reading.ac.uk)
Among these, the Transforming Growth Factor-β and the Janus kinase signaling cascades were validated as actionable targets to counteract the CAF-induced modulation of ER-α activity. (lu.se)

Second messengers amplify and transmit the initial signal to downstream components of the cascade. (facts.net)
Previously, NRT1.1B was shown to be a transceptor , sensing nitrate signal and activating downstream responses. (plantae.org)

06 Signaling cascades can be initiated by various extracellular stimuli. (facts.net)
By receiving signals from the extracellular environment, cells can adjust their behavior and respond accordingly through intricate signaling cascades. (facts.net)
In addition to ligand-regulated degradation of β-catenin, Wnt signaling is antagonized by extracellular factors that inhibit the ability of Wnt ligands to bind to Fzd and initiate signaling, such as the secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP1, WNT inhibitory factor (WIF) and dickkopf (DKK) [3] . (plos.org)
Cells can use a broad range of intracellular and extracellular mechanisms for detecting different "danger" signals generated or released during infection or injury. (immunochemistry.com)

These results suggest that chlorpyrifos can affect cell development by altering the activity and reactivity of the adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade, a major control point for trophic regulation of cell differentiation. (duke.edu)
Intracellular signaling cascades are complex networks of molecular interactions that play a crucial role in the regulation of cellular activities. (facts.net)
Signaling cascades can intersect and overlap, allowing for complex regulation and integration of diverse cellular processes. (facts.net)
Greenwald, E. C., Mehta, S. & Zhang, J. Genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors illuminate the spatiotemporal regulation of signaling networks. (nature.com)
Transcriptional regulation of ABA metabolism (A) and ABA core signaling (B) in wood of poplar (hybrid T89) Figure five. (bet-bromodomain.com)
Transcriptional regulation of ABA metabolism (A) and ABA core signaling (B) in wood of poplar (hybrid T89) in in response to extreme drought tension. (bet-bromodomain.com)

We previously established that an unidentified factor, or factors, present in ovarian tumor ascites fluids reversibly inhibited the activation of T cells by arresting the T-cell signaling cascade. (aacrjournals.org)
From the moment a signal is received at the cell surface to the activation of specific genes in the nucleus, intracellular signaling cascades orchestrate a series of intricate events. (facts.net)
Here, the authors show that nitrate activation of phosphate signaling is dependent on NRT1.1B. SPX4 is a repressor preventing the nuclear localization of PHR2 the master regulator of phosphate signaling in rice. (plantae.org)
Loss-of-function mutations in APC or AXIN or activating mutations in the gene encoding β-catenin, CTNNB1 , lead to aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and have been causally linked to tumorigenesis of the colon, liver and skin [1] , [4] . (plos.org)
The inflammasome is a cytosolic multimeric signalling complex that coordinates the activation of an immune response against invading pathogens. (immunochemistry.com)
Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades, a potent regulator of lipid homeostasis. (elsevierpure.com)
In this issue, we generally review the mechanisms of cellular senescence in diabetic nephropathy, which involve telomere attrition, DNA damage, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of Klotho, Wnt/ β -catenin signaling activation, persistent inflammation, and accumulation of uremic toxins. (hindawi.com)
We observed that stimulation of intestinal epithelial cell line, Int 407 with LTD4 led to enhanced cell survival and proliferation through the activation of series of signaling cascades like Ras, Erk-1/2, p90RSK, and CREB. (lu.se)

09 Intracellular signaling cascades are highly regulated to maintain cellular homeostasis. (facts.net)

Therefore, these results demonstrate that LsARF3 could promote lettuce bolting in response to the high temperature by directly or indirectly activating the expression of floral genes such as LsCO, which provides new insights into lettuce bolting in the context of ARFs signaling and heat response. (frontiersin.org)
It has been demonstrated that the bolting and flowering signals from internal or external factors usually converge on a few integrator genes which serve as flowering inducers or repressors during floral transition. (frontiersin.org)

In all three, chlorpyrifos evoked deficits in multiple components of the adenylyl cyclase cascade: expression and activity of adenylyl cyclase itself, functioning of G-proteins that link neurotransmitter and hormone receptors to cyclase activity, and expression of neurotransmitter receptors that act through this cascade. (duke.edu)
While some signalling mechanisms have been proposed for individual recombinant orexin receptors in generic mammalian cell types, it is clear that the peripheral effects of orexin are spatially and temporally complex. (warwick.ac.uk)
e.g. inflammation, genotoxicity, and This chapter focuses on issues as- ellers, growth factors, growth factor epigenetic alterations) and can have sociated with the understanding and receptors, signal transducers, and both genetic and epigenetic origins. (who.int)
RTKs are cell surface receptors with special structural and biological characteristics that respond to environmental cues by initiating appropriate signaling cascades. (lu.se)

01 Intracellular signaling cascades are complex networks of molecular interactions. (facts.net)

In addition, AA and DHA are crucial for cell signaling through a variety of bioactive mediators. (nature.com)

07 Second messengers, such as cyclic AMP and calcium ions, play a crucial role in signaling cascades. (facts.net)

Scholars@Duke publication: Cellular mechanisms for developmental toxicity of chlorpyrifos: targeting the adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade. (duke.edu)
16 Signaling cascades can exhibit cross-talk with other cellular processes. (facts.net)
Cellular signalling is the base for the extra- and intracellular communication. (mdpi.com)
Therefore, authors are invited to submit original research and review articles which address the progress and current standing of cellular signalling processes. (mdpi.com)

These cascades form the basis for communication and coordination within cells, allowing them to respond to various external cues and maintain homeostasis. (facts.net)

Positive and negative feedback mechanisms ensure precise control over the signaling cascade, preventing dysregulation. (facts.net)
However, the effects of ERβ-mediated signaling on dendritic spines of cortical neurons and the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. (jneurosci.org)
Our research focuses on deciphering the molecular mechanisms of resistance to anti-cancer therapy in leukemia and ovarian cancer by targeting the RTK signaling axis. (lu.se)

The authors also showed that NPL3 the central regulator of nitrate signaling is also controlled by SPX4, indicating that NRT1.1B-SPX4 signaling cascade coordinates both nitrate and phosphate signaling. (plantae.org)

These cascades involve the transmission of signals through a variety of molecular messengers, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. (facts.net)

These studies identify CK1ε as a critical contributor to activated β-catenin signaling in cancer and suggest it may provide a potential therapeutic target for cancers that harbor active β-catenin. (plos.org)

Notably, CAFs mediated estrogen-independent tumor growth by selectively regulating ER-α signaling. (lu.se)

Hu and colleagues investigated the signaling network regulating the interaction between N and P in rice. (plantae.org)

Furthermore, we demonstrate that breast cancer cells that harbor activated β-catenin activity exhibit enhanced sensitivity to pharmacological blockade of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (plos.org)

Even though considerable success has been achieved in understanding the molecular mechanism mediating individual N and P signaling, the direct cross talk between N and P remain unknown. (plantae.org)
The plant response to biotic and abiotic stress has been studied for many years, but the molecular mechanism controlling touch-signalling in plants is not well understood. (lu.se)

This observation was further supported by gene expression analysis where nitrate-induced phosphate signaling was repressed by overexpression of SPX4 and phr2 mutant. (plantae.org)

To uncover genetic dependencies in breast cancer cells that harbor active β-catenin signaling, we performed RNAi-based loss-of-function screens in breast cancer cell lines in which we had characterized β-catenin activity. (plos.org)
As an outcome of the two-part signalling and/or cell-cycle control. (who.int)

These data suggest that signaling through ERβ results in rapid modification of dendritic spines of cortical neurons, supporting the role of brain-synthesized estrogen as a postsynaptic morphogen. (jneurosci.org)

12 Dysregulation of intracellular signaling cascades can contribute to various diseases. (facts.net)

13 Intracellular signaling cascades can exhibit spatial and temporal dynamics. (facts.net)

Aberrant β-catenin signaling plays a key role in several cancer types, notably colon, liver and breast cancer. (plos.org)
suggesting that ERβ signaling may play a role in these cortically mediated behaviors. (jneurosci.org)

02 Cells use signaling cascades to relay information from the outside to the inside. (facts.net)
The scope of the special issue is to summarize and enlarge the knowledge in signalling processes and networks in diverse cells and tissues. (mdpi.com)

As described previously, studies into cold-sensitive fibers were elusive in defining the biological basis for cold signaling. (nih.gov)

Anatomy23

Organisms9

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs143

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes59

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Pathways19

Pathway11

Apoptosis3

Neuronal2

Intracellular signali1

Transduction5

Protein12

Molecules2

Apoptotic1

Phosphorylation2

Notch8

MAPK1

Receptor5

ERK13

Inflammatory5

Kinase2

Downstream2

Extracellular4

Regulation6

Activation8

Highly regulated1

Genes2

Receptors4

Interactions1

Mediators1

Play a crucial role1

Cellular4

Cues1

Mechanisms3

Coordinates1

Proteins1

Provide a potential therapeutic1

Tumor1

Colleagues1

Pharmacological1

Mechanism2

Gene expression1

Cell2

Rapid1

Diseases1

Dynamics1

Role2

Cells2

Biological1