• The sialic acid family includes many derivatives of the nine-carbon sugar neuraminic acid, but these acids rarely appear free in nature. (wikipedia.org)
  • These enzymes can be used for chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialic acid derivatives. (wikipedia.org)
  • We synthesized 3-fluorosialic acid derivatives modified at the C-4, C-5, C-8, and C-9 position and tested their inhibitory potency in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sialic acids are a class of alpha-keto acid sugars with a nine-carbon backbone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Sialic acid-like sugars in Archaea: Legionaminic acid biosynthesis in the halophile Halorubrum sp. (bgu.ac.il)
  • One of the remarkable components of EBN is sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid), which constitutes a significant proportion of essential sugars in EBN, making up approximately 9% of the total essential sugars. (researchgate.net)
  • 1. The enzymic synthesis of 4-O-acetylneuraminic acid, 4-O-acetyl-N-glycolyneuraminic acid, 4-O-glycolyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid, 9-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid and 9-O-acetyl-N-glycolyneuraminic acid is shown using radioactive precursors with surviving slices, membrane fractions or particle-free homogenates from bovine and equine submandibular glands. (nih.gov)
  • A modified xanthoproteic nitric acid test for proteins proved to be a rapid, and simple test to detect adulteration in both whole and finely ground nests, and would be suitable in the field where analytical facilities are not readily available. (researchgate.net)
  • Polymeric sialic acid (polysialic acid, polySia) is a remarkable posttranslational modification of only few select proteins. (for2953-sia.de)
  • A bacterial enzyme with sialic acid mutarotase activity, NanM, that is able to rapidly equilibrate solutions of sialic acid to the resting equilibrium position of around 90% beta/10% alpha has been discovered. (wikipedia.org)
  • In bacterial systems, sialic acids can be also biosynthesized by an aldolase. (wikipedia.org)
  • We are presently mainly working on the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans and bacterial sialic acid uptake mechanisms. (lu.se)
  • The hypothesis we wish to examine in this proposal is that bacterial surface LOS containing sialic acid play important roles in the infection process and are key to reaching an understanding of how carbohydrates and sialic acid mediate host-pathogen interactions. (grantome.com)
  • For axenic growth under laboratory conditions, it specifically relies on the external supply of N -acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), which is an essential constituent of the peptidoglycan (PGN) of bacterial cell walls. (karger.com)
  • For it to become active to enter in the oligosaccharide biosynthesis process of the cell, a monophosphate nucleoside is added, which comes from a cytidine triphosphate, turning sialic acid into cytidine monophosphate-sialic acid (CMP-sialic acid). (wikipedia.org)
  • Synthetic sugar analogs are widely applied in metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) and as novel drugs to interfere with glycoconjugate biosynthesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sialic acid in the form of polysialic acid is an unusual posttranslational modification that occurs on the neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAMs). (wikipedia.org)
  • Polysialic acid (polySia) is a polymeric glycan with variable chain lengths, presented as posttranslational modification on select protein carriers. (for2953-sia.de)
  • This review outlines recent developments in the understanding of the two main enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of the sialic acid, N-acetylneuraminic acid. (ubc.ca)
  • The alpha-anomer is the form that is found when sialic acid is bound to glycans. (wikipedia.org)
  • The biosynthesis of glycans is a highly conserved biological process and found in all domains of life. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sialic acids cap the glycans of cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids. (bvsalud.org)
  • The properties of the membrane-bound enzyme acting on endogenous, glycoprotein-bound N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic acids were compared with those of the soluble enzyme, O-acetylating exogenous, non-glycosidically bound N-acetyl- and N-glycolyneuraminic acids. (nih.gov)
  • The soluble enzyme activity, assayed using a radioactive procedure, shows Km values of 0.01 mM, 0.5 mM and 0.39 mM for acetyl-CoA, N-acetylneuraminic acid and N-glycolylneuraminic acid respectively. (nih.gov)
  • This enzyme uses for example a mannose derivative as a substrate, inserting three carbons from pyruvate into the resulting sialic acid structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Description: The protein encoded by this gene is a bifunctional enzyme that initiates and regulates the biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc), a precursor of sialic acids. (oegterm.at)
  • It is a rate-limiting enzyme in the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway. (oegterm.at)
  • Sialic acids are found widely distributed in animal tissues and related forms are found to a lesser extent in other organisms like in some micro-algae, bacteria and archaea. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sialobiology: Structure, Biosynthesis and Function. (benthamscience.com)
  • This eBook presents a summary of central aspects of sialobiology (i.e., the study of sialic acid and its relevance to biology). (benthamscience.com)
  • Given the relative simplicity of the disease and the well-defined structures for H. ducreyi LOS, this organism represents an ideal model system for studying the pathway(s) leading to sialic acid expression in these surface glycolipids and the role of sialylated LOS in host-pathogen interactions. (grantome.com)
  • Sialic acid can "hide" mannose antigens on the surface of host cells or bacteria from mannose-binding lectin. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this renewal, we propose to explore the pathway that leads to the expression of LOS terminating in sialic acid and its acceptor, N-acetyllactosamine, using chemistry and structural biology tools. (grantome.com)
  • Strategies to interfere with the sialic acid biosynthesis can potentially be used for anticancer therapy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mucosa was formalin fixed, embedded in paraffin wax, and sections were stained with periodic acid‐Schiff stain for mucin. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Aim #3, develop and employ sialic acid analogs as inhibitor of the sialic acid pathway in H. ducreyi. (grantome.com)
  • One well-known class of sialylation inhibitors is peracetylated 3-fluorosialic acids. (bvsalud.org)
  • The sialic acids are a family of nine carbon a-keto acids that play a wide variety of biological roles in nature. (ubc.ca)
  • Sialic acid is synthesized by glucosamine 6 phosphate and acetyl-CoA through a transferase, resulting in N-acetylglucosamine-6-P. This becomes N-acetylmannosamine-6-P through epimerization, which reacts with phosphoenolpyruvate producing N-acetylneuraminic-9-P (sialic acid). (wikipedia.org)
  • The sialic acid-rich regions contribute to creating a negative charge on the cells' surfaces. (wikipedia.org)
  • More than 50 kinds of sialic acid are known, all of which can be obtained from a molecule of neuraminic acid by substituting its amino group or one of its hydroxyl groups. (wikipedia.org)
  • They are involved in a multitude of biological processes, and aberrant sialic acid expression is associated with several pathologies, such as cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • In humans the brain has the highest sialic acid content, where these acids play an important role in neural transmission and ganglioside structure in synaptogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • These structure-activity relationships could also be applied to improve the efficiency of sialic acid metabolic labeling reagents by modification of the C-5 position. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hence, these results improve our understanding of the structure-activity relationships of sialic acid glycomimetics and their metabolic processing. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sialic acid modification of cell surface molecules is crucial for their function in many biologic processes, including cell adhesion and signal transduction. (oegterm.at)
  • Sialic acid is used by many human pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and trypanosomes, and is an important sugar in cell recognition mechanisms throughout biology. (grantome.com)