Shows reproductive behavior. Medical search. Frequent questions

Non-reproductive sexual behavior consists of sexual activities animals participate in that do not lead to the reproduction of the species. (wikipedia.org)
Bonobos are one species famously known for using sexual behavior as a means of resolution of social conflict. (wikipedia.org)
Using allometric analysis, we show that ejaculate dimorphism clearly exists in males of the squid Loligo bleekeri , a cephalopod species with body size-related alternative mating behaviors. (int-res.com)
Descriptions of such key characteristics as behavior, typical diet, and reproductive traits are included for each species. (amnh.org)
The limbic system of the brain regulates a number of behaviors that are essential for the survival of all vertebrate species including humans. (frontiersin.org)
These innate behaviors include courtship, maternal care, defense (both to conspecific and predator cues) and establishment of social hierarchy, all of which ensure survival of the individual or offspring and propagation of the species. (frontiersin.org)
Many fly species associate polarized light with water, a crucial element in their reproductive cycle. (insecta-inspecta.com)
Marine tests showed an inhibition of growth with the two different algal species (P. tricornutum and D. tertiolecta), an inhibition of bioluminescence in the bacterium A. fischeri, an alteration on the correct early development of the serpulid F. enigmaticus larvae and immobilization of the copepod A. tonsa individuals at both 24 and 48 hours of exposure. (easychair.org)
These species are well known for their diverse social behaviors and intriguing physiologies that coordinate chemical defenses, aposematism, and/or tissue transparency. (stanford.edu)
Extending in vivo electroporation to non-model amphibian species could provide new opportunities for exploring topics in genetics, behavior, and organismal biology. (stanford.edu)
We investigated the association between sex differences in reproductive strategies, spatial behavior, and androgen levels in three species of poison frogs. (stanford.edu)
In addition, males across species displayed more explorative behavior than females and androgen levels correlated with explorative behavior and homing accuracy. (stanford.edu)
Navigation studies in amphibians have largely focused on species with life histories that require accurate spatial movements, such as territorial poison frogs and migratory pond-breeding amphibians that show fidelity to mating sites. (stanford.edu)
Prior research has shown that California mice are a rare monogamous rodent species-they mate for life. (phys.org)
Genes apparently can "jump"-take a non-reproductive pathway from one organism (or even species) to another. (natlogic.com)
It also gives you basic information on black bears, the only wild bear species in the eastern United States - their diet, habitat, behavior, reproductive and life cycle. (adirondackalmanack.com)
The latest study on New Zealand's blue whale population highlights the species' behavior and how it is influenced by environmental conditions. (onegreenplanet.org)
WNV seroprevalence would differ signifi cantly among munity at these sites [ 7 ]) by using the plaque-reduction species because of differences in mosquito preferences, neutralization test ( 8 ) at a 1:10 dilution, with 80% and 90% mammal behavior and survival, and other factors ( 2,3 ). (cdc.gov)
We further suggest that these aberrant feeding behaviors may be related to massive seabird die-offs that occurred in this region during 2014-2016, die-offs in which Fork-tailed Storm-Petrels have heretofore not been reported as a species affected by this phenomenon. (researchgate.net)
The behavior and personality of each bird species are not exclusively dependent on their physical characteristics. (wildbirdlady.com)
The aim of the present work is to evaluate the behavior repertoire of Mastigoproctus brasilianus (Koch 1843) in laboratory conditions, as well as describing the different forms of behavior involved in the mating ritual of this species. (bvsalud.org)
The reproductive behavior presented by M. brasilianus follows the standards described for other species. (bvsalud.org)
Since the knowledge concerning the non-mating behaviors of many species of whip-scorpions is still incipient, the aim of the present work is to provide a behavior repertoire of Mastigoproctus brasilianus (Koch, 1843) in laboratory conditions, as well as describing the different forms of behavior involved in the mating ritual of this species. (bvsalud.org)

This clear internal switch point could be an adaptation to the characteristic alternative mating behaviors of loliginid squid, in which males use different mating tactics to pass spermatophores to different sperm storage sites in and on the females. (int-res.com)
Males and females show differences, they have to communicate and coordinate during courtship and mating, and choose their partner very carefully, depending on the sensory information they receive and their own physiological state. (unifr.ch)
Long- and short-horned C. ochus males may have different reproductive behaviors, as described in other horned dung beetles. (bioone.org)
The Mating Game: Female acceptance behaviors in response to a line-up of ever-sexier males. (beacon-center.org)
Prior research has also shown that males also take part in caring for the young by bringing food. (phys.org)
Amber Valentino et al, Reproductive success diminished following mate loss for females but not males in a monogamous rodent, Behavioural Processes (2021). (phys.org)
This shows that individual variation in plasticity and social sensitivity of signaling behavior can evolve in response to selection on investment in mating behavior, with males selected for high mating investment having greater social sensitivity. (datadryad.org)

Sexual behavior between adults and infants of both sexes is common - about a third of the time it is initiated by the infant and may involve genital rubbing and full copulatory postures (including penetration of an adult female by a male infant). (wikipedia.org)
We are interested in how the nervous system fulfills this role and how it interacts with the reproductive organs and the rest of the body during the different mating strategies of the two sexes. (unifr.ch)
Both intact and sterilized dogs of both sexes will participate in this behavior if it serves as an attention-getting device. (petplace.com)
The categories of behaviors varied between sexes and between periods of activity. (bvsalud.org)

In this article we review the current understanding of how limbic circuits regulate sexually dimorphic behaviors and how these circuits are established and shaped during pre- and post-natal development. (frontiersin.org)
The study comprises a sample of 697,590 fecund sexually active women in the reproductive ages. (bvsalud.org)

In humans, abnormal development of aspects of innate behavior, most prominently circuits that regulate social behavior, appear to underlie disorders such as autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia that are characterized by inappropriate or altered social interactions. (frontiersin.org)
Flies' attraction to light is an innate behavior, deeply rooted in their evolutionary history. (insecta-inspecta.com)

Male threespine sticklebacks court females in a constant game of flashy zig-zag dances and showing off with the hope that a female will respond favorably. (beacon-center.org)
We've since measured female preferences and male mating behavior every time the females reached reproductive condition. (beacon-center.org)
To compensate for these low light conditions, visual sensitivity in females is modulated when they are in a reproductive state, as retinal thresholds are decreased. (nsf.gov)
Reproductive females also show differences in catecholaminergic innervation of auditory circuitry compared with winter, non-reproductive females as measured by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholaminergic synthesis. (nsf.gov)
In this study, we gonadectomized non-reproductive females, implanted them with estradiol (E2) or testosterone (T), and measured TH immunoreactive (TH-ir) fibers in auditory nuclei where catecholaminergic innervation was previously shown to be seasonally plastic. (nsf.gov)

Coerced first intercourse is an important social and public health problem that has potentially serious repercussions for young women's reproductive health and well-being. (guttmacher.org)
Interventions to improve adolescent women's reproductive health should directly address the issue of sexual coercion. (guttmacher.org)
Mental health aspects of women's reproductive health : a global review of the literature. (who.int)

The authors conclude that CS2 is a toxin of the male reproductive system resulting in abnormal coital behavior and decreased sperm counts. (cdc.gov)
An animal's inability to correctly detect or process social or environmental cues results in abnormal social behaviors and increases risk of attack and/or predation. (frontiersin.org)
22 Appendices 1 Behaviors Considered to be Abnormal. (wustl.edu)
Erwin and Deni (1979) have described in great detail the abnormal behaviors frequently seen in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) maintained in laboratories (see Appendix 1). (wustl.edu)

Sexual and reproductive self-care is strongly influenced by the social, cultural, and structural context in which individuals and couples live. (psi.org)
The SBC Self-Care Framework is intended to inform policy and programmatic decisions that use SBC to promote and enable self-care for sexual and reproductive health - and to guide monitoring, evaluation, and learning from these decisions. (psi.org)
In 2019, our human-centered design work in East Africa explored ways that our work could support and accompany young women as they navigate the various choices required for a healthy, enjoyable sexual and reproductive life. (psi.org)
Although procreation continues to be the primary explanation for sexual behavior in animals, recent observations on animal behavior have given alternative reasons for the engagement in sexual activities by animals. (wikipedia.org)
Statistical tests for dimorphism in male horn length showed a significant discontinuous relationship, thus indicating distinct sexual and male dimorphism in head horns. (bioone.org)
Although there is increasing recognition of the scope and significance of sexual coercion experienced by adolescent women in developing countries, evidence on its consequences for reproductive health remains limited. (guttmacher.org)
Most research on sexual violence is based on data from reproductive-age women in intimate partnerships. (guttmacher.org)
Other studies from developed countries have reported a significant link between physical or sexual abuse among reproductive-age women and a range of gynecological problems, including vaginal bleeding, pain during intercourse, chronic pelvic pain, urinary tract infection and medically treated pelvic inflammatory disease. (guttmacher.org)
no effects were seen on behavior, sexual maturation, or reproductive parameters in offspring at any dose level. (drugs.com)
Health policy-makers ought to consider these factors when designing sexual and reproductive health strategies in developing countries. (bvsalud.org)
Risk and protective factors affecting adolescent reproductive health in developing countries : an analysis of adolescent sexual and reproductive health literature from around the world : summary / [Robert Blum and Kristin Mmari]. (who.int)
Weigel, 2017), with far reaching implications to are often transferred from one person to another during reproductive health, family health and the sanctity of sexual activity. (who.int)

Targeting women (and their children) with nutrition interventions to reinforce positive nutrition behaviors in the household. (who.int)

Studies have shown that disruption in nocturnal pollination has negative consequences for plant reproductive success. (alleghenymountainradio.org)
While the film is mostly tongue in cheek and played for laughs, it does show the consequences of irresponsible reproductive behavior, and should probably be required viewing for all young teens. (scoopy.com)

Oral exposure of animals to methoxychlor has shown that high doses of methoxychlor are capable of causing neurological injury (tremors, convulsions), but most studies indicate that the reproductive system is the most sensitive target for methoxychlor. (cdc.gov)

Alternative reproductive behaviors promote asymmetry in sperm competition, and the differences in fertilization success could promote adaptations in ejaculate characteristics in relation to each reproductive behavior. (int-res.com)
In protocol 2, after exposure to 600ppm CS2, each animal was mated weekly and coital behavior, ejaculated sperm count, and hormone content were monitored after 0, 1, 4, 7, and 10 weeks of exposure. (cdc.gov)

Alternative behavioral reproductive tactics are key components of mating systems but are rarely considered within a phenotypic plasticity framework (i.e., as reaction norms). (datadryad.org)
This is the data for the manuscript "Behavioral plasticity and GxE of reproductive tactics in Nicrophorus vespilloides burying beetles" by MJ Carter, ML Head, AJ Moore & NJ Royle. (datadryad.org)
It's a very important compound for controlling behavior in insects," says invertebrate behavioral physiologist Shelley Adamo of Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. (the-scientist.com)
He practiced a combination of work therapy, suggestion, and autosuggestion that has similarities to Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Behavioral Activation. (yorku.ca)

VIYA delivers lasting health impact across the reproductive health continuum, from menstruation to menopause. (psi.org)
Chi-square tests and logistic regressions were used to investigate associations between coerced first intercourse and selected reproductive health behaviors and outcomes. (guttmacher.org)
Concern over the issue of coerced sex among adolescent women has been elevated by a growing body of research-much of it from developed countries-that has reported significant associations between coerced sex and a range of negative health and reproductive health outcomes for women of reproductive age. (guttmacher.org)
The aberrant feeding behaviors, paucity of stomach contents and emaciated body condition of salvaged and collected birds, together with patterns between bird occurrence and wind speed and direction, indicate to us that these birds were blown to shore while weakened by food stress or compromised health. (researchgate.net)
The stress from human noise might also affect the immune system - an animal's natural defense system - as well as reproductive health or behavior. (51voa.com)
Title : Programs to Strengthen Parent-Adolescent Communication About Reproductive Health Personal Author(s) : Gavin, Loretta E.;Williams, Jessica R.;Rivera, Maria I.;Lachance, Christina R. (cdc.gov)
Risk and protective factors affecting adolescent reproductive health in developing countries) / R. W. Blum, Kristin Nelson Mmari. (who.int)
This narrative review could initiate critical thoughts and discussions on the factors in skewed marital unfaithful and the contribution to reproductive health and family life. (who.int)

Freshwater tests showed again an inhibition of the bioluminescence with A. fischeri together with a significant stimulation of radical apparatus elongation in two different superior plants (C. sativus and L. sativum), while S. saccharatum showed no statistically significant differences with controls, even if a biostimulation was again registered. (easychair.org)
Sex differences in vertebrate spatial abilities are typically interpreted under the adaptive specialization hypothesis, which posits that male reproductive success is linked to larger home ranges and better navigational skills. (stanford.edu)
We tracked individuals in natural environments to show that contrasting parental sex roles shape sex differences in space use, where the sex performing parental duties shows wider-ranging movements. (stanford.edu)
Male and female cockatiels may exhibit slight differences in behavior and personality. (wildbirdlady.com)
In this blog post, we will discuss the physical differences between male and female cockatiels, their relevant characteristics, and their impact on their behavior and personality. (wildbirdlady.com)
Behavior and personality of cockatiels are not exclusively dependent on their physical differences. (wildbirdlady.com)

Therefore, in this review we focus primarily on chemosensation in the rodent and how it relates to innate limbic responses to social conspecific cues such as mating, maternal care, and territorial behaviors as well as non-social defensive responses to predator cues. (frontiersin.org)
In spite of all national and global efforts, the maternal and newborn morbidity or mortality indices have shown no change or only marginal reductions in the last five years indicating that MDGs targets by 2015 are unachievable using only current strategies [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

ABSTRACT: Male dimorphism has been thought to correlate with alternative reproductive behaviors. (int-res.com)

Bears show different dietary preferences and abilities to catch prey, and how these traits are acquired is of keen interest to biologists. (alaska.gov)
Cockatiels are a popular choice for pet owners due to their unique behavior and personality traits. (wildbirdlady.com)

Our results indicated that alternative reproductive behaviors can result in morphological adjustment in internal characteristics. (int-res.com)
Recent research suggests that classes of synthetic chemicals that mimic characteristics of endocrine hormones may affect reproductive competence, behavior and learning abilities as well as immune response. (natlogic.com)

Although methoxychlor (a derivative of DDT) is not as persistent as DDT, it does have the potential for bioconcentration and has been shown to bioaccumulate to varying degrees in fish, insects, and mammals. (cdc.gov)
Flies, like many other insects, have evolved over millions of years, developing behaviors that enhance their chances of survival and reproduction. (insecta-inspecta.com)

The effects of carbon disulfide on the reproductive system of the male rat. (cdc.gov)
Here, using lines artificially selected for repeated mating rate, we test for genetic (GxE) sources of variation in reproductive behavior of male Nicrophorus vespilloides burying beetles (including signaling behavior), as well as the role of individual body size, in responsiveness to changes in social environment. (datadryad.org)
A male dog mounting a female dog is a normal reproductive behavior. (petplace.com)
if both the male and female are intact and the female dog is biologically ready for successful breeding to take place this behavior can lead to puppies in just a few months. (petplace.com)
Abstract Although mate searching behavior in female túngara frogs (Physalaemus pustulosus) is nocturnal and largely mediated by acoustic cues, male signaling includes visual cues produced by the vocal sac. (nsf.gov)
Male Vs Female Cockatiels: How They Differ in Behavior and Personality? (wildbirdlady.com)
However, male and female cockatiels may differ in their behavior and personality, so it's important to know these variations before choosing the right bird for you. (wildbirdlady.com)

The limbic system predominantly controls appropriate responses to stimuli with social, emotional, or motivational salience, which includes innate behaviors such as mating, aggression, and defense. (frontiersin.org)

Unraveling the reasons behind this behavior, particularly in flies, offers valuable insights into pest control strategies, maintaining ecological equilibrium, and enhancing our broader understanding of biological processes. (insecta-inspecta.com)
This pilot study using these new devices is part of the Nelchina Brown Bear Project, and it promises unprecedented insights into their behavior. (alaska.gov)

So, while being attracted to light initially had clear advantages for navigation, in today's world of omnipresent artificial lighting, this behavior often leads to flies circling lights rather than navigating efficiently. (insecta-inspecta.com)
Light pollution, or the inappropriate or excessive use of artificial light, has been shown to have negative effects on moths' ability to fill that role of nocturnal pollinator. (alleghenymountainradio.org)

hCG induces a reproductive state and increases retinal sensitivity, while fadrozole is an aromatase inhibitor that blocks hCG-induced E2 synthesis. (nsf.gov)
This suggests that blocking E2 synthesis blocked the hCG-mediated reproductive modulation of retinal sensitivity. (nsf.gov)

Animal studies showed adverse developmental outcomes at maternotoxic doses higher than the maximum theoretical human exposure. (drugs.com)

The resultant types of reproductive effects are indicative of interference with the normal actions of estrogen or androgen. (cdc.gov)
In the majority of tetrapods, the sex-specific effects of pheromones on reproductive behavior is mediated via the hypothalamic projection. (nih.gov)
The reproductive effects of carbon - disulfide (75150) (CS2) were investigated in rats. (cdc.gov)
Given the extensive set of effects that proinflammatory cytokines can have on the behavior of sick animals, it is not surprising that links between inflammation and social dysfunction have been uncovered. (frontiersin.org)

In rodent models, emotional states (e.g., fear, anxiety, and social receptivity) are generally quantified by their behaviors. (frontiersin.org)

Support for the social and genetic function of aggregations, especially those formed by fish, can be seen in several aspects of their behavior. (wikipedia.org)

Overall, we reveal that poison frog reproductive strategies shape movement patterns but not necessarily navigational performance. (stanford.edu)

WNV seroprevalence in wild mammals will reproductive characters ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)

Conversely, dimmer light may not elicit the same strong attraction, allowing flies to engage in other behaviors like resting or foraging. (insecta-inspecta.com)

An epidemiological study has shown that the prevalence of hypertension in men is higher than in women during the young adulthood period, while that in women increases significantly after menopause [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we show that women smelling an androgen-like compound activate the hypothalamus, with the center of gravity in the preoptic and ventromedial nuclei. (nih.gov)
However, these studies have mainly considered current use of OC in young women of reproductive age. (biomedcentral.com)
Globally over half a million reproductive age women (15-49 years) die every year from pregnancy and childbirth complications and 300 million women suffer from debilitating injuries [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
in general and the laws forbidding reproductive control to women in particular, women found ways around the restrictions to obtain what they needed. (cdlib.org)
INCPROX studies show that these women have almost double the income of women in communities that do not receive Title II support. (who.int)
Therefore, many countries in the region are implementing family planning education campaigns targeting at influencing reproductive behavior of women. (bvsalud.org)

The study shows that using specific propagation techniques, it may be possible to guide the architecture of the strawberry plants that can bear different number and distribution of shoots, inflorescences and stolons. (researchgate.net)
I study the mating behavior of threespine sticklebacks . (beacon-center.org)
In their paper published in the journal Behavioural Processes , Amber Valentino, Robert Roy and Elizabeth Becker describe their study of lab mice reproductive behavior. (phys.org)
That predatory and scavenging behavior is a key aspect of the study, especially when it comes to newborn moose and caribou calves. (alaska.gov)
A recent study in the journal Science shows that combinations of two or three common pesticides, at low levels that might be found in the environment, are up to 1600 times as powerful as any of the individual pesticides by themselves. (natlogic.com)

The points in the figures showing no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) or lowest- observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs) reflect the actual doses (levels of exposure) used in the studies. (cdc.gov)
The significance of the exposure levels shown in the Levels of Significant Exposure (LSE) tables and figures may differ depending on the user's perspective. (cdc.gov)
Findings show that regardless of the country, adolescents who had exposure to family planning messages [aOR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.72-0.80] were less likely to prefer 4 or more children. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSION: Exposure to family planning communication has shown the potential to influence adolescents' fertility preference in sub-Saharan Africa. (bvsalud.org)

The immune system can play a critical role in modulating social behavior when animals are sick, as has been demonstrated within the context of "sickness behaviors. (frontiersin.org)
These results extend our knowledge of the role that immune signals have in contributing to the regulation of social behaviors outside periods of illness. (frontiersin.org)

They also do not adequately address the potential benefits to self-care programming that can be achieved through incorporation of social and behavior change (SBC) theory. (psi.org)
One of the most powerful ways to alter the social behavior of animals is to make them sick. (frontiersin.org)
The results show that body size influences the response of individuals' signaling behavior to changes in the social environment. (datadryad.org)
Collective animal behaviour is a form of social behavior involving the coordinated behavior of large groups of similar animals as well as emergent properties of these groups. (wikipedia.org)
The cookie also tracks the behavior of the user across the web on sites that have Facebook pixel or Facebook social plugin. (reproductiverights.org)

Similar results were obtaind with the freshwater microalga R. subcapitata, which showed biostimulation of algal growth. (easychair.org)

In general, I am interested in how the nervous system controls and coordinates behavior. (unifr.ch)
Abstract In seasonally breeding vertebrates, hormones coordinate changes in nervous system structure and function to facilitate reproductive readiness and success. (nsf.gov)

Toads were able to travel in straight trajectories back to home areas, suggesting navigational abilities similar to those observed in amphibians with more complex spatial behavior. (stanford.edu)

Activation of circuits regulating these innate behaviors begins in the periphery with sensory stimulation (primarily via the olfactory system in rodents), and is then processed in the brain by a set of delineated structures that primarily includes the amygdala and hypothalamus. (frontiersin.org)

Animals use visual communication to convey crucial information about their identity, reproductive status, and sex. (nsf.gov)

The behavior of laboratory animals demonstrates a mental experience wherein the animal's instincts tell it if it carries out a certain action, it will then receive what it needs. (wikipedia.org)

These behaviors are regulated and influenced by sensory stimuli such as touch, sound, and, most importantly in rodents, smell. (frontiersin.org)

Learned behaviors that have been demonstrated in laboratories have provided good evidence that animals have instinct and a reward system. (wikipedia.org)
I always liked animals and their diverse behaviors. (unifr.ch)
Histologic examination of the testes of animals exposed to 350 or 600ppm CS2 showed no alterations from normal. (cdc.gov)
Roman added that it should come as no surprise that many marine animals are showing higher "levels of stress due to noise. (51voa.com)

Over countless generations, this behavior became hardwired into the genetic makeup of flies. (insecta-inspecta.com)

Reproductive behavior is fascinating, because it is so important for every animal, and a big driving force in evolution. (unifr.ch)
Animal studies of fertility and early embryonic development administering 40 mg/kg intravenously three times per week showed no fetotoxicity but was maternally toxic. (drugs.com)
Studying the principles of collective animal behavior has relevance to human engineering problems through the philosophy of biomimetics . (wikipedia.org)
It didn't take long for Steve Irwin to become a household name thanks to his hit Animal Planet show, "The Crocodile Hunter. (unc.edu)

Examples of parasites that manipulate the behavior of their hosts are not hard to come by, but scientists have only recently begun to understand how they induce such dramatic changes. (the-scientist.com)
Although researchers have observed countless examples of parasites hijacking the autonomy of their hosts, only now are they beginning to understand how the parasites tinker with numerous systems within the host, ultimately changing the host's behavior in grotesque and horrific ways. (the-scientist.com)

However, safer sex behaviors may reduce your risk. (medlineplus.gov)

The intensity of light plays a pivotal role in determining fly behavior. (insecta-inspecta.com)
For a comprehensive approach, a fourth fundamental pillar for guiding human behavior involves the human spiritual and religious dimension and the fundamental role that religious institutions potentially can play in environmental preservation. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Parenting plays a role, but watching bears shows that enterprise and opportunity play a part as well. (alaska.gov)

Anatomy9

Organisms8

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Psychiatry and Psychology82

Phenomena and Processes17

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena12

Information Science5

Named Groups3

Health Care13

Geographicals1

Species23

Males7

Sexes4

Sexually2

Innate behavior2

Females5

Women's3

Abnormal4

Sexual12

Interventions1

Consequences2

Causing neurological1

Sperm2

Behavioral4

Health8

Differences6

Maternal2

Dimorphism1

Traits2

Characteristics2

Insects2

Male7

Defense1

Insights2

Artificial2

Sensitivity2

Developmental1

Effects4

Rodent1

Aspects1

Patterns1

Mammals1

Engage1

Increases1

Women6

Study5

Exposure4

Immune2

Social5

Results1

Nervous system2

Abilities1

Olfactory1

Crucial1

Laboratory1

Sensory1

Animals4

Genetic1

Animal4

Examples2

Risk1

Role3