Short wavelength. Medical search. Frequent questions

The sun puts out all kinds of wavelengths, and some of those will compete with the intentional light pulses if you're trying to image something outdoors. (eejournal.com)
It turns out that there's a nice minimum in the sun's spectrum, and it would be nice to send the pulses at that wavelength, since there won't be any solar light to confuse things. (eejournal.com)
For the first time, they produced a short-wavelength ultraviolet-visible (UV-C) LD that operates with short pulses of current. (scitechdaily.com)
Excimer lasers typically produce short pulses of high energy ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the 193 to 351 nanometer (nm) wavelength range. (cdc.gov)
To create really short pulses, short wavelengths have to be used. (lu.se)
So, far experiments used electron pulses which are much longer than the laser wavelength. (lu.se)
Can one create, maintain and measure such short pulses? (lu.se)

This paper presents a review of recent work on high speed tunable and fixed wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) at Chalmers University of Technology. (chalmers.se)
With three available models to meet the demands of various applications, this versatile OSA accelerates the development and manufacturing of short wavelength lasers, passive devices, and LEDs, as well as equipment that use these devices for the biomedical, material processing, consumer product, and telecommunications markets. (yokogawa.com)
This research is a milestone in the practical application and development of semiconductor lasers in all wavelength ranges. (scitechdaily.com)
But in the past decade, with the rise of lower-cost lasers and LEDs that deliver precise wavelengths with minimal skin-damaging UV rays, the practice is coming back. (medscape.com)

Hamamatsu Photonics has developed an InGaAs area image sensor for hyperspectral cameras capable of detecting short-wavelength-infrared light up to 2.55 µm which is the world's longest wavelength detectable by this type of area image sensor. (electronics-lab.com)
By applying compound opto-semiconductor manufacturing technology fostered in-house over many years, we designed and developed a new area image sensor G14674-0808W made of indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) capable of detecting short-wavelength-infrared light up to 2.55 µm which is the world's longest wavelength detectable by this type of area image sensor. (electronics-lab.com)
What is the color of 434 light at a wavelength of 434 nanometers. (answers.com)
Which color of light has the shortest wavelength? (answers.com)
A color's dominant wavelength is the wavelength of monochromatic spectral light that evokes an identical perception of hue. (wikipedia.org)
The colors on the line of purples cannot be defined by wavelength because they do not represent monochromatic light. (wikipedia.org)
Dominant wavelength is used to define the color of light sources, such as the LEDs, that do not lie along the Planckian locus (which would otherwise be defined by color temperature). (wikipedia.org)
These light sources are also often described by their peak wavelength-the wavelength of highest radiometric spectral flux (highest peak in the power spectrum)-but the dominant wavelength is a photometric quantity, and therefore intuitively conveys what color the light will appear without relying on inexact color naming. (wikipedia.org)
A new SR (Short-wavelength Refractive) glass element further combats chromatic aberrations caused by challenging short-wavelength light. (nikonusa.com)
The wavelength (and frequency) of visible light varies with color of the light. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Thus the wavelengths of audible sound waves are much longer than those of visible light. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
For example, when light enters another medium, its speed and wavelength change while its frequency does not. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The speed of light in most media is lower than in vacuum, which means that the same frequency will correspond to a shorter wavelength in the medium than in vacuum. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The shortest wavelength within the visible spectrum is _______ light. (andlearning.org)
Investigating the contribution of short wavelengths in the alerting effect of bright light. (ulaval.ca)
The objective of this study was to compare the alerting effect at night of a white LED light source while wearing blue-blockers or not, in order to establish the contribution of short-wavelengths. (ulaval.ca)
The current study shows that when sleepiness is high, the alerting effect of light can still be triggered at night in the absence of short-wavelengths with a 30 minute light pulse of 500 μW/cm(2). (ulaval.ca)
This suggests that the underlying mechanism by which a brief polychromatic light exposure improves alertness is not solely due to short-wavelengths through intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. (ulaval.ca)
Thepopulation ratio of the closed and open forms of thespirooxazine is controlled by the intensity of the longer-wavelength modulated light. (chem-station.com)
Because the merocyanine−spirooxazine is an unusual reverse photochrome with a thermally stable long-wavelength absorbing form and a short-wavelength absorbing photogenerated isomer with a very short lifetime, this phenomenon does not require irradiation of the molecules with potentially damaging ultraviolet light, and rapid modulation of fluorescence is possible. (chem-station.com)
The upshot: new NIL/SWIL sensing technology from Artilux uses longer-wavelength light, making ToF measurements safer and more accurate. (eejournal.com)
The device currently only emits light for an extremely short period of time. (civillaser.com)
To a scientist it is described by wavelengths of the light. (madsci.org)
Red light has the longest waves that we humans can see and violet light has the shortest waves that humans can see. (madsci.org)
Hot objects give off light at all colors that our eyes can see and also at colors (wavelengths ) that human eyes can not see. (madsci.org)
When light from a hot source passes through the earth's atmosphere the short wavelengths are absorbed and reflected into space by the molecules in the air and the object appears more red here on earth. (madsci.org)
Why are wavelengths shorter than visible light neglected by new telescopes? (stackexchange.com)
The diagram below, which I stole from this post by @HDE226868, shows that angular resolution as a function of wavelength suddenly drops by three orders of magnitudes from visible to UV-light. (stackexchange.com)
These are: observing the high redshift universe (essentially no UV light is detected from galaxies beyond a redshift of 3), observing star and planet formation (mostly in dusty environments where UV light cannot emerge and protoplanetary discs emit mostly at IR wavelengths) and doing exoplanetary science (planets are cooler than stars and emit mostly in the IR). (stackexchange.com)
Higher frequency light in the rainbow spectrum of visible light has shorter wavelengths and more energy. (mindprod.com)
Automatically calibrate the optical spectrum analyzer with an external light source to ensure the wavelength accuracy. (yokogawa.com)
An external light source is needed for wavelength calibration. (yokogawa.com)
There are three types of cones, each containing a specific pigment (a photopigment called an opsin) that is most sensitive to particular wavelengths of light. (medlineplus.gov)
The opsin made from the OPN1LW gene is more sensitive to light in the yellow/orange part of the visible spectrum (long-wavelength light), and cones with this pigment are called long-wavelength-sensitive or L cones. (medlineplus.gov)
Although several properties of light are known to influence the timing of the circadian system [ 14 , 15 ], a key property for our study is a light source's spectral composition, or its wavelength. (cdc.gov)
Short-wavelength light is the most-effective of all light sources for stimulating the circadian system, perhaps best visualized as the blue light of the morning sky that energizes us for the coming day. (cdc.gov)
Long-wavelength light, on the other hand, has negligible effects on the circadian system and is perhaps best visualized as the red sky at twilight that is followed by sleep. (cdc.gov)
Ophthalmic research into the appearance of blue light lesions has not ruled out the possibility that short wavelength light (visible light with wavelengths of less than 500 nm) may contribute to premature aging of the retina and to senile macular degeneration [6]. (who.int)
S) wavelengths of light. (bvsalud.org)
Amplitude is how much wavelength you want to use and phase is how the light is oscillating. (lu.se)
The bottom controller changes the wavelength on all light waves. (lu.se)
Other exposures to LAN are many and include short sleep duration, late-night reading or television, nocturnal awakening and consequent exposure to light for example in the bathroom, strong street lights at night shining thru the window shade of the bedroom. (who.int)
The trial, at the University of Arizona, is among dozens of ongoing studies exploring whether exposing the skin or eyes to specific wavelengths of light can help treat health problems. (medscape.com)
That response varies, depending on the wavelength, or color, of light and where it's used. (medscape.com)
For instance, when longer wavelength or visibly "red" light hits the skin, it nudges mitochondria (the cell's powerhouses) to make energy more efficiently and boost production of healing anti-inflammatories or disease-fighting antioxidants. (medscape.com)
Shorter wavelength or visibly "blue" light is very good at making you wakeful. (medscape.com)

We show that, by combining IRIS and NuSTAR multi-wavelength observations from the corona to the lower atmosphere with hydrodynamic simulations using the RADYN code, we can provide strict constraints on electron-beam heated flare models. (frontiersin.org)
Even less is known about magnetic flaring in pre-main sequence (PMS) stars, at least in part because of the lack of suitable multi-wavelength data. (inta-csic.es)

The standard wavelength for the color green is 560-490 nm, which can also be said as 560 to 490 nanometers. (answers.com)
For example, the wavelength of deep red is roughly 700 nanometers (nm), that of violet is roughly 400 nm. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The Wavelength package will let you create the pure rainbow colours ( java.awt.Color objects) given their wavelength in nanometers or their frequency in teraHertz. (mindprod.com)

Japanese researchers have developed a device that can produce the world's shortest-wavelength laser , and a Nobel laureate predicts that this breakthrough will lead to dramatic changes in global manufacturing. (civillaser.com)
Scientists have successfully conducted the world's first room-temperature continuous-wave lasing of a deep-ultraviolet laser diode (wavelengths down to UV-C region). (scitechdaily.com)

UltraFlux HR series is a compact high repetition rate tunable wavelength femtosecond laser system which incorporates the advantages of dual output ultrafast fiber laser, solid-state and parametric chirped pulse amplification technologies. (ekspla.com)

Wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation are usually quoted in terms of the vacuum wavelength, unless specifically indicated as the "wavelength in the medium. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

a serious illness caused by receiving a dose greater than 75 rads of penetrating radiation to the body in a short time (usually minutes). (cdc.gov)
Acute Exposure, Radiation-- The absorption of a relatively large amount of radiation (or intake of a radioactive material) over a short period of time. (cdc.gov)
The author recommends adopting more stringent precautions when using radiation with wavelengths shorter than 250nm because humans have little natural protect ion for radiation at these wavelengths. (cdc.gov)
Stratospheric ozone, which filters out UV radiation, especially shorter wavelengths, is depleted by man-made chlorofluorocarbons (eg, in refrigerants and aerosols). (msdmanuals.com)

Very short UV spectral measurement of these AlGaN detectors is reported for the first time using high intensity sources. (spie.org)
This dual-wavelength approach, combined with high flux and high spectral and temporal resolution soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, is a new route to the study of ultrafast electronic dynamics in carbon-containing molecules and materials at the carbon K-edge. (nature.com)
Any chromaticity diagram from any color space can be used for calculating the dominant wavelength as long as it is bound by a spectral locus defined by wavelength. (wikipedia.org)
When the chromaticity lies within the triangle with vertices at the white point, spectral blue (~400 nm) and pure spectral red (~700 nm), the dominant wavelength is indeterminate because the point of intersection that is nearer to the chromaticity lies on the line of purples instead of the spectral locus. (wikipedia.org)

Observations of the spreading of short-wavelength (5 m) wind waves have been made with a steerable HF ocean surface radar in the nearshore zone in a stable offshore airflow. (ametsoc.org)
Shorter Chandra and CoRoT observations were also obtained in March 2008. (inta-csic.es)

The device can generate a laser with a wavelength of 271.8nm (one nanometer is one billionth of a meter). (civillaser.com)

10 eV (from approximately 1200 to 120 nm in wavelength). (spie.org)
The AQ6373E Visible Wavelength Optical Spectrum Analyzer from Yokogawa Test&Measurement provides high-speed, accurate analysis of the short wavelengths from 350 to 1200 nm. (yokogawa.com)

In physics, wavelength is the distance between repeating units of a propagating wave at a given frequency . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The wavelength of a wave (or wavelike phenomenon) is related to the frequency by the formula: wavelength = wave speed / frequency. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Thus, the wavelength of a wave is inversely proportional to the frequency of the wave. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
where λ represents the wavelength, v is the propagation speed of the wave, and f is its frequency. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Usually, SI units are used, where the wavelength is expressed in meters , the frequency in Hertz (Hz), and the propagation velocity in m/s. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Electronic engineers often use a shortcut formula: wavelength λ in meters = 300 Megameters (Mm)/s divided by the frequency in MHz, to avoid counting the (many) zero digits in the decimal or scientific notations . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
It should also be noted that frequency and wavelength can change independently, but only when the speed of the wave changes. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Lower frequency = longer or shorter wavelengths? (lightcolourvision.org)
2. Are the wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic waves directly or inversely related? (sciencenews.org)
Wavelength and frequency are inversely related. (sciencenews.org)
As the wavelength gets longer, the frequency gets smaller - fewer waves will pass through a certain point in a second - and vice versa. (sciencenews.org)
Since energy and frequency are directly related, and frequency and wavelength are inversely related, wavelength and energy must be inversely related. (sciencenews.org)

Fifty patients with diabetic retinopathy ranging from level 10 to 75 [according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) severity scale] were tested repeatedly with both standard automated perimetry (SAP) and short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) with short intervals. (diva-portal.org)
p transitions in c iv : Wavelengths, fine structure intervals and lifetimes. (lu.se)
The advantages of microdermabrasion are also related to the superficial skin disruption that results from the procedure, which leads to an overall painless procedure that does not require anesthesia, is relatively simple and quick to perform, can be repeated at short intervals, and does not significantly interrupt the patient's life. (medscape.com)

For example, the electrons in a CRT display have a De Broglie wavelength of about 10 -13 m. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Upon 585 nm laser exposure to 1o , 1c having shorter wavelength absorption region was formed. (chem-station.com)

The shortest wavelength before semiconductor equipment reported in 2008 was 336nm. (civillaser.com)

For instance, in acoustics and water waves, the particle displacements during a period are only a small fraction of the wavelength, apart from extreme conditions like breaking waves and shock waves . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
However, you also have to have optics that are good to a small fraction of a wavelength, so much better than the visible/IR. (stackexchange.com)

those with lower frequencies have longer wavelengths, assuming the speed of the wave is the same. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Two molecules in which the intensity ofshorter-wavelength fluorescence from a strong fluorophore ismodulated by longer-wavelength irradiation of an attachedmerocyanine−spirooxazine reverse photochromic moiety havebeen synthesized and studied. (chem-station.com)
Unlike typical photochromic molecule has the stable initial form in longer region and unstable second form in shorter wavelength region. (chem-station.com)
Just use a longer wavelength. (eejournal.com)

The boy's name ROY G. BLIV is a trick that science students use to remember the colors of the rainbow from the longest to shortest wave length R = red, 0 = orange, Y = yellow, G = green, B = blue, L = lavender, I = indigo, V = violet. (madsci.org)
Since they were introduced in the 1960s, and after decades of research and development, successful commercialization of laser diodes (LDs) was finally achieved for a number of applications with wavelengths ranging from infrared to blue-violet. (scitechdaily.com)

At even shorter wavelengths then conventional "optics" doesn't work because photons get absorbed and you move to the grazing incidence technologies of X-ray telescopes, which is a whole different game and much harder to achieve a given angular resolution. (stackexchange.com)
This makes your measurements easier and more efficient than conventional systems that use a low number of sampling points and require multiple partial measurements to cover the complete wavelength range. (yokogawa.com)
However, in addition to instruments requiring neutrons of a techniques profit substantially from the pulsed sources and certain single wavelength, observing a single Bragg peak at a time increase their efficiency by orders of magnitude due to the (e.g. three-axis spectrometers), conventional neutron imaging, efficient use of the time-structured flux by spectroscopic methods. (lu.se)

The shortest wavelength in the world is recorded at normal temperature, and the pulse current is 50 nanoseconds. (civillaser.com)
concerning the target and accumulator rings, which limit the The figure takes into account only techniques that can benefit power of short pulse sources like SNS (US) and J-SNS (J) to around from a pulsed source, i.e. which can use a spectroscopic mode. (lu.se)
This drawback, which indeed has different implications lowest limit of wavelength resolution requirements considered in for specific instrumental needs, might - to a certain degree - be the figure is dl/l 10% like typical for e.g. small angle scattering overcome by the 5 MW ESS long-pulse spallation source concept investigations. (lu.se)

Functional evaluation of wild type and transgenic pigs affected by retinal degeneration was carried out using OCT guided micro-focal ERG (μfERG) with selected stimulation wavelengths for S, M and L cones as well as rod photoreceptors. (nature.com)

A broad wavelength range would not be able to avoid this obstruction and would produce an inaccurate reading heavily affected by the presence of water. (williamsonir.com)
And so your typical application has used NIL with wavelengths in the range of 850 to 940 nm. (eejournal.com)
The advanced monochromator achieves high wavelength resolution and high close-in dynamic range. (yokogawa.com)
The 200,001 data sampling points expand measurement range in a single sweep while keeping a high wavelength resolution. (yokogawa.com)
Click on the wavelength range to view the attenuation plot. (thorlabs.com)
Some graphs have a shaded region, which indicates the specified wavelength range. (thorlabs.com)
These cables are ideal for a broad range of wavelengths from 250 nm to 2400 nm. (thorlabs.com)

In acoustics, where a medium is essential for the waves to exist, the term wavelength is always the wavelength in the medium. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
4. Based on your answers to questions No. 2 and No. 3, what is the relationship between electromagnetic waves' wavelength and energy? (sciencenews.org)

What's the difference between peak wavelength and dominant wavelength? (wikipedia.org)
Infrared excesses associated with debris disk host stars detected so far peak at wavelengths around ~100 μm or shorter. (lu.se)

The influence of these factors varies significantly at different infrared wavelengths. (williamsonir.com)

At that point, you've departed near-infrared and entered the short-wavelength infrared regime. (eejournal.com)

Being less sensitive to these variables ensures for a more accurate reading compared to a general purpose long-wavelength sensor. (williamsonir.com)
In fact, short-wavelength sensors can be 4-20 times less sensitive to emissivity variation compared to long-wavelength sensors. (williamsonir.com)
The long wavelength sensor will measure more of an average between the target and the obstruction producing an inaccurate reading. (williamsonir.com)
However, the vast majority of them achieved the property by FRET or PET, which means that it is difficult to achieve rapid modulation of fluorescent intensity in long wavelength region. (chem-station.com)
On Sept. 30, 1955, on a long straight stretch of Route 466 near Paso Robles, James Dean spoke those last dying words to his friend in the passenger seat as they hurtled out of Los Angeles en route to the road races in Salinas, California. (sanclementetimes.com)
The colors of the rainbow give us the order of the wavelengths from long to short. (madsci.org)
Instead of short-lived atmospheric constituent data provided by ACTRIS, ICOS provides data on long-lived greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, as well as the exchange of carbon - known as a carbon flux - between the atmosphere, land, and oceans. (lu.se)

We show that UV exposure initially reduces the reflectivity at wavelengths below 600 nm. (nist.gov)

The FOM as defined above does not apply, because either width and T the repetition time, in relation to the wavelength a single wavelength or no wavelength resolution are required (i.e. these are no spectroscopic methods) and hence only the time- averaged flux matters. (lu.se)

With proper active region and cavity designs, and techniques for reducing capacitance and thermal impedance, our fixed wavelength VCSELs have reached a modulation bandwidth of 23 GHz, which has enabled error-free 40 Gbps back-to-back transmission and 35 Gbps transmission over 100 m of multimode fiber. (chalmers.se)

This is achieved by taking advantage of the scaling of the cutoff energy in the HHG process with intensity I and wavelength λ of the driving laser field as E cutoff ∝ I λ 2 (ref. 13 ). (nature.com)

As a wave's energy grows, its wavelength gets shorter, and vice versa. (sciencenews.org)
Flaring is an ubiquitous manifestation of magnetic activity in low mass stars including, of course, the Sun. Although flares, both from the Sun and from other stars, are most prominently observed in the soft X-ray band, most of the radiated energy is released at optical/UV wavelengths. (inta-csic.es)
Received in revised form flux than high flux reactor sources, advantage for different instrumental techniques can be derived from 9 March 2009 the pulsed time structure of the available flux, which can be translated into energy, respectively, Accepted 12 March 2009 wavelength resolution. (lu.se)
The min-function in spallation targets (for a given amount of energy deposition), is the smaller of 1 and the product of the duty cycle c and the the available time-integrated flux reaches a maximum of only required wavelength resolution in terms of (l/dl) fractions of the above-mentioned reactor sources in state-of-the- required. (lu.se)

The investigations are done with short wavelength (X- and C-band) and for a whole vegetation growing period acquired in the frame of the AGRISAR campaign in spring and summer 2006. (dlr.de)

Blue is part of the colour spectrum, with a wavelength of about 475 nm. (answers.com)

Selecting the shortest possible wavelength helps to eliminate variables such as emissivity variation and optical obstruction. (williamsonir.com)
The graph shows how selecting a narrow wavelength can avoid potential optical obstructions to ensure the measured value is the true temperature of the target itself. (williamsonir.com)
When there are optical obstructions or variations in emissivity, a short-wavelength sensor is recommended to produce the most accurate and repeatable readings. (williamsonir.com)
The top illuminated p-i-n photodiode structures are optimized for short-reach 850 nm VCSEL based high-throughput parallel optical interconnects up to 5 Gb/s per channel. (albisopto.com)
begingroup$ @LocalFluff There are some small scale optical interferometers but nothing at UV wavelengths. (stackexchange.com)
In some instances, the optical alignment and wavelength calibration function cannot correct optical performance. (yokogawa.com)

But the iris doesn't react to these NIL wavelengths, making for a potential eye hazard. (eejournal.com)

According to a team of scientists from Nagoya University and Asahi Kasei, the shorter the laser wavelength, the more accurate the cut. (civillaser.com)

The resolution of wavelengths shorter than what the Very Large Telescope Interferometer or the European Extremely Large Telescope detect, in the near UV, suddenly cuts off to a factor of a thousand. (stackexchange.com)
Is it because it is more difficult, even from in-space observatories, or is it because the angular resolution of UV and shorter wavelengths are of lesser scientific value? (stackexchange.com)

Available online 21 March 2009 beam flux and hence falls short in profiting from the new development. (lu.se)

The photodiode array offers an excellent responsivity and high speed of response in the wavelength region from 830 to 860 nm. (albisopto.com)

The Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS) is a pan-European research infrastructure, which provides data on short-lived atmospheric constituents. (lu.se)

To learn more about Williamson short-wavelength sensors please click the below link to connect with an IR temperature expert. (williamsonir.com)

Members also get free event passes and exclusive content along with all the benefits of being a Wavelength subscriber. (wavelengthmag.com)

We're bringing Wavelength back into the hands of surfers for the first time in ten years and becoming an independent publisher again. (crowdfunder.co.uk)
Wavelength is, for the first time in 10 years back in the hands of surfers. (crowdfunder.co.uk)

66 To calculate the dominant wavelength of a chromaticity (or color), a straight line is drawn on the chromaticity diagram between the chromaticity's coordinates and the white point. (wikipedia.org)

By reducing the errors caused by emissivity variation short wavelength sensors produce a more accurate and repeatable reading. (williamsonir.com)
Selecting the shortest possible wavelength helps to eliminate the effect of these variables producing an accurate reading. (williamsonir.com)

Establishing Wavelength links with schools, colleges and universities, giving young people the chance to gain employment using their talents to create something they are genuinely passionate about. (crowdfunder.co.uk)

other from the read short wavelength on December 5, 2010. (sommerindeutschland.de)

Anatomy14

Organisms14

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment83

Psychiatry and Psychology6

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations14

Technology, Industry, Agriculture8

Information Science11

Health Care10

Pulses7

Lasers4

Light46

Multi-wavelength2

Nanometers3

World's2

Tunable1

Electromagnetic radiation1

Radiation4

Spectral4

Observations2

Nanometer1

12002

Frequency12

Intervals3

Electrons1

Absorption1

Semiconductor1

Small fraction2

Longer4

Violet2

Conventional3

Pulse3

Cones1

Range7

Waves2

Peak2

Varies1

Near-infrared1

Long7

Exposure1

Repetition1

Modulation1

Intensity1

Energy4

Vegetation1

Blue1

Optical6

IRIS1

Laser1

Resolution2

Flux1

Region1

Atmospheric1

Temperature1

Passes1

Time2

Calculate1

Accurate2

Create1

Read1