Shoot axillary buds. Medical search. Frequent questions

A protocol for rapid in vitro propagation of Saccharum officinarum using meristem and axillary buds as explants was developed. (scialert.net)
Apical meristem and axillary buds were cultured to study micropropagation. (scialert.net)
The size of apical meristem was 4-5 mm and that of axillary bud 4-8 mm in diameter. (scialert.net)
Apical meristem and axillary buds were taken from plants grown in the field and dipped in a solution of ascorbic acid 100 mg l 1 and citric acid 150 mg l 1 for one hour. (scialert.net)
We focus on controlling morphological and histochemical responses of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) of bamboo node by using a simple and versatile liquid culture system. (scirp.org)
The epicotyl elongates after embryo growth into the axis (the stem) that bears leaves from its tip, which contain the actively dividing cells of the shoot called apical meristem. (ncertmcq.com)
By stimulating cell division , they regulate shoot meristem size, leaf primordia number, and leaf and shoot growth. (answerlib.org)
High rate of multiplication with supplementation of 1.0 g/I is significant for in vitro multiplication and also to use axillary meristem as target tissue for genetic transformation. (edu.ph)
When the apical meristem is removed by means of centering, dormant buds grow out and form new shoots. (upasitearesearch.org)

Aerial stems annual and coming from axillary or adventitious buds at basal perennial parts of stems, usually with several withered shoots from previous year persis-tent at base of annual shoots. (efloras.org)
Mature shoots, but not old woody stems, are desirable. (encyclopedia.com)
In most plants, growth happens at the terminal (apical) bud at the tip of their stems. (rhs.org.uk)
This allows dormant buds at the base to sprout into growth and produce a flush of colourful new stems . (rhs.org.uk)
Palms don't have buds along their stems, so if their growing tip is removed, they can't produce replacement side-shoots and are likely to die. (rhs.org.uk)
The suckers are shoots from which the plant will develop new stems, with new leaves and fruits," explains Toni Jardón. (elpais.com)
Stems monomorphic, usually without short axillary shoots. (neonscience.org)
Stems dimorphic, with elongate primary and short axillary shoots. (ngpherbaria.org)

An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration system for Atractylodes ovata (Thunb. (kspbtjpb.org)
Methods to enhance sweetgum ( Liquidambar styraciflua L.) in vitro axillary shoot formation and shoot establishment into soil are presented. (ashs.org)
Effect of plant growth hormones on root and shoot regeneration in rose (Morrasia) under in-vitro conditions. (uni-lj.si)
Delayed bud break response with 2.0 g/l NaCl supplementation can be exploited for in vitro storage of sweetpotato. (edu.ph)

Three theories of apical dominance, direct, diversion, and indirect, were proposed in the 1930s to explain how auxin synthesized in the shoot apex might inhibit axillary bud outgrowth, and thus shoot branching. (frontiersin.org)
Although there is ample evidence that the inhibition of bud outgrowth by auxin from the shoot apex is linked to stem elongation and highly branched auxin biosynthesis or signaling mutants are dwarf, the third theory proposed in the 1930s, the indirect theory, that explains apical dominance as auxin-induced stem growth indirectly inhibits bud outgrowth has been overlooked. (frontiersin.org)
The indirect theory did not propose how a growing stem might inhibit bud outgrowth. (frontiersin.org)
Since a growing stem is a strong sink for sugars, and sugar is indispensable for shoot branching, the indirect theory of apical dominance might now be explained as auxin-induced stem growth inhibits bud outgrowth by diverting sugars away from buds. (frontiersin.org)
Detailed study of the indirect theory and the effect of source-sink status on dormancy and outgrowth of axillary buds will advance our knowledge of apical dominance and shoot branching in plants. (frontiersin.org)
In some species, bud outgrowth is inhibited by signals from the apex of the main shoot, a phenomenon known as apical dominance. (frontiersin.org)
Soon after the discovery that the apical signal that inhibits axillary bud outgrowth is the plant hormone auxin ( Thimann and Skoog, 1933 ), three theories - direct, diversion, and indirect (Figure 1 ) - were proposed to explain the phenomenon of apical dominance (reviewed in Snow, 1937 ). (frontiersin.org)
It is now well established that auxin from the shoot apex inhibits bud outgrowth without entering into buds. (frontiersin.org)
According to the auxin transport canalization model, auxin export from a bud into a stem is a necessary condition for bud outgrowth. (frontiersin.org)
The second, diversion, theory of the 1930s explains the phenomenon of apical dominance as auxin from the shoot apex prevents growth promoting factors synthesized in roots and cotyledons from entering into buds and stimulate bud outgrowth. (frontiersin.org)
They can stimulate both the differentiation and the outgrowth of axillary buds. (answerlib.org)
We also demonstrated the effectiveness of transcinnamic acid (tCA), an antiauxin chemical in diminishing the apical dominance of shoot tip explant and thus improving the axillary bud outgrowth. (ashs.org)

When the shoots developed from the apical and lateral buds were upto 3-5cm long, they were transferred to shoot multiplication medium. (scialert.net)
The dormant lateral buds of all bamboo nodes resumed expanding and elongating within 7 days in the SLCE. (scirp.org)
The dormant and active lateral buds were sectioned longitudinally and stained with Sytox green (SG) to monitor mitotic activity and counterstained with safranin (SF) to detect the inward region of the SAM region. (scirp.org)
Accessory buds sometimes present, occasionally terminal buds reduced and substituted by 2 lateral buds. (efloras.org)

In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of how A. rhizogenes induces root formation, on the new uses for A. rhizogenes in tissue culture and composite plant production (wild-type shoots with transgenic roots), and the recent development of a disarmed version of A. rhizogenes for stable transgenic plant production. (bioone.org)
An axillary bud is an embryonic shoot which is between the stem and petiole of a plant . (wikipedia.org)
Plant shoot architecture often depends on the number of lateral branches or tillers developed and their position along the primary axis of the plant. (frontiersin.org)
Since plant organs sense their environment locally, gradients of micro-climates in the plant shoot may induce spatial variability in the physiological state of the plant tissue and hence secondary metabolism. (mdpi.com)
Therefore, plant architecture, which affects micro-climate in the shoot, may considerably affect the uniformity of cannabinoids in the Cannabis sativa plant, which has significant pharmaceutical and economic importance. (mdpi.com)
Shoot branching is controlled by a network of interacting hormonal signals that move over long distances in the plant and regulate the activity of axillary buds, which can remain dormant or grow out to form branches. (europa.eu)
The hormones include strigolactones (SLs) and cytokinins (CKs), which are made throughout the plant and move upward from root to shoot. (europa.eu)
Sustained bud activity appears to depend on the establishment of the export of a third hormone, auxin, from the bud into the main stem, where it joins the polar auxin transport stream down the plant to the roots. (europa.eu)
2) Since the obtained shoots of a 1-month-old culture box showed growth variation, we distinguished shoot types based on plant height, i . e ., short (less than 5 cm), medium (ca. 5 - 10 cm), and tall (more than 10 cm). (scirp.org)
The meristems in shoot and root tips are responsible for making a plant taller and longer, which allows leaves to reach sunlight and roots to spread out through the soil. (rhs.org.uk)
Sweetgum shoots grown in an automated plant culture system (APCS) produced 400 to 500 shoots via axillary branching compared to only 40 shoots produced within Magenta vessels containing agar medium after 8 weeks of incubation. (ashs.org)
Stem bears vegetative bud for vegetative growth of the plant, and floral buds for reproduction, and ends in a terminal bud. (ncertmcq.com)
Klimešová J., Nobis M. P. & Herben T. (2016) Links between shoot and plant longevity and plant economics spectrum: Environmental and demographic implications. (pladias.cz)
Although the time required to bud break was considerably stable up to 0.5 g/l of NaCl supplementation and with 3% sucrose, the mean number of shoots produced per explant improved (3.5 - 5.5 shoots/ex-plant) with increasing NaCl level up to 1.0 g/l irrespective of the genotype tested. (edu.ph)
Growth retardants suppress apical dominance and induce the growth of latent buds without hindering the metabolic activities of the plant. (upasitearesearch.org)
A significant increase in promoter:inhibitor ratio was also observed on the application of Plant growth regulators (PGRs) which reduced the banji (dormant shoots) percentage significantly. (upasitearesearch.org)

described the micropropagation of sugarcane from shoot tip explants. (scialert.net)
In this paper, we report a micropropagation protocol of S. officinarum using apical and axillary buds as explants. (scialert.net)
By checking the autofluorescence property of whole shoots under LED 365 nm illumination with an RGB (red, green, and blue) digital imaging analysis using ImageJ software, we specified the color variation of explants as the relative intensity of the blue value. (scirp.org)
The shoot tip explants excised from adult plants in February and May showed higher survival and had less contamination than those explants excised in August and November. (ashs.org)
In P. 'In-Charm Silver Bell', the addition of 100 μM tCA plus 13.3 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) for 1 month promoted axillary shoot bud formation from shoot tip explants as compared with the control. (ashs.org)

To identify and distinguish a phylloclade from a true leaf it is necessary to the observe the vegetative shoot, on which leaves are still present small or scale-like , and the leaves of these species (if present) are ephemeral and soon abscise (e.g. (cactus-art.biz)
a) Vegetative bud (b) Floral or Reproductive bud. (ncertmcq.com)

Plantlets with profuse roots were obtained 10 days after the shoots were removed off and planted on the liquid medium containing 60 g l -1 of sucrose. (scialert.net)
New roots or shoots are termed adventitious growth. (encyclopedia.com)
Also, they are extensively favored for micropropagation because they possess radical and plumule that gives rise to roots and shoots without any specific treatments. (plantcelltechnology.com)
Radical buds are those that arises from the lateral roots which grow into plantlets. (ncertmcq.com)
Pruning reduced the leaf area index drastically and the balance between the growth of shoots and roots is disturbed. (upasitearesearch.org)
In response to the concentration of nutrients, roots also synthesise cytokinin , which acts as a signal as to how fast the shoots can grow. (wikimili.com)

So, if the apical bud is removed, axillary buds are stimulated into growth. (rhs.org.uk)

A branch develops from a bud derived from a group of meristematic cells in the axil of a leaf. (frontiersin.org)
A small growth node, called an axillary bud, is positioned where the petiole (leaf stalk) joins the stem. (rio-negocios.com)
A narrow leaf forms at each node, and from the axillary bud forms a determinate short shoot (the areole ) on which are produced modified leaf primordia that are the spines . (cactus-art.biz)
These buds are formed at nodes but outside the axil of the leaf as in Solanum americanum. (ncertmcq.com)
As the axillary bud unfolded the sink capacity decreased while the photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity of maintenance leaf increased. (upasitearesearch.org)
One leaf and a bud showed a significantly higher sink capacity than two or three leaves and a bud. (upasitearesearch.org)

Increase in the abscisic acid content tilted the promoter:inhibitor ratio towards inhibitor side which in turn influenced the formation of dormant buds in tea. (upasitearesearch.org)

These axillary shoots (because they appear in what might appear to be the axil between the stem and the leaves) can be removed using your fingers when they are still very small. (elpais.com)
The smaller leaves develop from the axillary buds of the larger leaves. (visitrainier.com)
Buds are the growing points surrounded by protective scale leaves. (ncertmcq.com)
When these buds develop, the internodes elongate and the leaves spread out. (ncertmcq.com)
These buds occur in the axil of the leaves and develop into a branch or flower. (ncertmcq.com)
Foliar buds are those that grow on leaves from veins or from margins of the leaves. (ncertmcq.com)
There was a significant increase in photosynthetic efficiency from bud to fully expanded leaves. (upasitearesearch.org)
Plucking three leaves and a bud along with banjis seems to be the ideal standard which facilitates sink-induced photosynthesis, in turn enhancing productivity index. (upasitearesearch.org)

Bud scales 3-8 mm, deciduous. (neonscience.org)
Bud scales 2-4 mm, deciduous. (ngpherbaria.org)

Tall shoots that have ca. 5 nodes on average were suitable for explant. (scirp.org)
Moreover, the season of explant collection also affected the subsequent shoot forming capacity and multiplication of axillary buds. (ashs.org)

The study shows that using specific propagation techniques, it may be possible to guide the architecture of the strawberry plants that can bear different number and distribution of shoots, inflorescences and stolons. (researchgate.net)

For example, plants growing with a limited supply of the key nutrient, nitrate, typically suppress shoot branching but protect root growth, prioritizing nutrient foraging in the soil. (europa.eu)
This bud produces auxins that suppress growth from any other (axillary) buds lower down on the stem, in a process called apical dominance. (rhs.org.uk)

Comparison of shoot and root regeneration of miniature potted rose (Rosa x hybrida L.) and Damask rose (R. damascena Mill. (uni-lj.si)
16 and 24 different media were used for study of shoot and root regeneration respectively. (uni-lj.si)

Micropropagation through axillary shoot proliferation is a simple technique which ensures genetic stability of the propagules. (edu.ph)

The direct theory explains apical dominance as auxin synthesized in the shoot apex moves down the stem into buds and inhibits their growth. (frontiersin.org)
buds cannot export auxin into the stem, and thus become dormant (syn. (frontiersin.org)
A 15-to 20-centimeter section of stem with at least three buds is used. (encyclopedia.com)
Buds contain meristematic tissue and a concentration of hormones, which gives them growth potential if the part of the stem beyond them gets damaged. (rhs.org.uk)
These buds are present at the apex of the main stem and at the tips of the branches. (ncertmcq.com)
Buds arising at any part other than stem are known as adventitious buds. (ncertmcq.com)
Cauline buds arise directly from the stem either from cut, pruned ends or from branches. (ncertmcq.com)
Adventitious buds function as propagules which are produced on the stem as tuberous structures. (ncertmcq.com)

Synthetic seeds are man-made or artificial seeds which include encapsulated somatic embryos, shoot buds, cell aggregates, or any other meristematic tissue. (plantcelltechnology.com)

Pinching out the shoot tips of young plants stimulates them to produce more side-shoots bearing lots of flowers. (rhs.org.uk)

Recent discoveries indicate bud dormancy (syn. (frontiersin.org)
Among the different doses tested, 4% sucrose resulted in minimum bud dormancy. (edu.ph)

Winter buds with a pair of narrow keeled outer scales, covering inner scales and sometimes longitudinally sulcate. (efloras.org)

Young shoot-buds pubescent without. (efloraofindia.com)

Flowers in short axillary or lateral racemes. (efloraofindia.com)

Shoot induction and proliferation (shoot ramification and growth) were observed 5 and 17 days after planting in miniature rose and 16 and 38 days in R. damascena respectively. (uni-lj.si)
The highest shoot proliferation obtained in media 3 and 7 in miniature rose, and medium 16 for R. damascena . (uni-lj.si)
These three media were recorded as optimal media with 100 % shoot proliferation. (uni-lj.si)
To enhance the rate of multiplication, different doses of sucrose and NaC1 were used for axillary shoot proliferation in sweetpotato. (edu.ph)
Keywords: axillary shoot proliferation. (edu.ph)

Transferring the shoots after they were 5cm long on the liquid medium for 15 days led to the maximum multiplication of the shoots. (scialert.net)
Shoot multiplication medium was same as shoot initiation but liquid containing 1 mg l 1 of Kinetin and 0.1 mg l 1 of GA 3 . (scialert.net)
However, the overall shoot multiplication rate was optimal with 3% sucrose. (edu.ph)
In Paphiopedilum 'In-Charm Silver Bell', higher shoot forming capacity was observed in February and May, whereas higher shoot multiplication was observed only in February. (ashs.org)
In Paphiopedilum 'Hsinying Maudiae Leopard', both February and May were optimal timing for shoot forming capacity and multiplication. (ashs.org)

Heterosis in auxin-type hormones, such as indole-3-acetic acid (MPH:207.49%), phenylacetic acid (MPH:223.51%), and salicylic acid (MPH:27.72%) and benzoic acid (MPH:85.75%), was detectable in the shoots of TH21/2 plants. (bvsalud.org)
Heterosis in cytokinin-type hormones characterized the shoots of TH3/12 and TH17/17 genotypes having Tordis as their maternal parent. (bvsalud.org)

quiescence, paradormancy) in response to intrinsic and environmental factors in diverse species is linked to enhanced growth of the main shoot and reduced sugar level in the buds. (frontiersin.org)
According to this theory, apically derived auxin inhibits buds from synthesizing their own auxin necessary for their growth. (frontiersin.org)
Hard pruning shrubs, such as dogwoods and willows, removes most of the top growth and dominant buds. (rhs.org.uk)
Comparative tests were conducted to determine the influence of the culture vessel size and medium volume on the growth rates of shoot tips of peas (Pisum sativum cv. (ashs.org)
Administering 10,000 μL·L -1 CO 2 improved culture survival and enhanced overall shoot and root growth compared to shoots grown under ambient atmosphere (i.e., 350 μL·L -1 CO 2 ). (ashs.org)
The influence of the culture chamber size and medium volume on the growth rates of shoot tips of peas, lettuce, kidney beans, and spearmint were determined after 8 weeks of incubation. (ashs.org)

Inflorescence thyrsoid, terminal or axillary, cymes opposite and usually reduced to paired flowers, rarely 1-, sometimes 3-flowered. (efloras.org)

Buds have architecture identical to the original shoot and develop into lateral branches or may terminate by developing into a flower or inflorescence. (ncertmcq.com)
The two axillary buds directly below the incision will shoot out into two new branches once they've been topped. (plantjudo.com)

The axillary and the accessory buds formed after two stage tipping contribute to canopy formation. (upasitearesearch.org)

Its all about Grassy Shoot Disease of Sugarcane With its Causal organism, Symptoms, Disease cycle and Management. (slideshare.net)

Axillary bud s are modified into thin short and greenish structures. (cactus-art.biz)

The above-ground shoots rise from slender creeping rhizomes that are placed 2.5-7.5 cm deep in the soil, and form clonal colonies under trees. (visitrainier.com)

Soft green shoots gradually become woody and less flexible and tree trunks increase in girth. (rhs.org.uk)

We have shown that BRC1 is neither necessary nor sufficient for bud inhibition, but rather tunes the activation potential of buds. (europa.eu)

The results of these studies suggested that floral bud initiation can be induced even under long photoperiod if the light illuminating the strawberry crown lacks red and shorter wavelength light whereas excessive red light transmittance either with red LED lights or growing transplants under red photoselective shade net in August delayed flower bud initiation. (researchgate.net)

Clumps with 5-10 well grown shoots were transferred onto rooting medium. (scialert.net)
One- and two-cm-long vitrified shoots were grown within CO 2 -flow-through system chambers and subjected to 350, 1500, 3000, 10,000, or 30,000 μL·L -1 (ppm) CO 2 for 4 weeks. (ashs.org)

Hedge trimming removes shoot tips, encouraging plants to branch and increasing the density of the hedge. (rhs.org.uk)

The aim of this study was to develop an efficient protocol for shoot tip culture from adult plants of Paphiopedilum Pfitzer. (ashs.org)

Bulbils are modified and enlarged bud, meant for propagation. (ncertmcq.com)

We have made significant progress in understanding the auxin transport system in the shoot and the ways in which both CKs and SLs tune its properties to regulate branching. (europa.eu)

Doing so will encourage the formation of even more kolas or bud sites than if you had allowed it to grow vertically from the start. (plantjudo.com)

First, they regulate the expression of the BRC1 gene in buds. (europa.eu)

Anatomy51

Organisms10

Diseases49

Chemicals and Drugs48

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment72

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes20

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science4

Health Care16

Meristem9

Stems8

Vitro4

Outgrowth12

Lateral buds4

Plant16

Explants5

Vegetative2

Roots6

Apical bud1

Leaf6

Dormant buds1

Leaves8

Deciduous2

Explant2

Inflorescences1

Suppress2

Regeneration2

Micropropagation1

Stem8

Meristematic tissue1

Side-shoots1

Dormancy2

Covering inner1

Pubescent1

Racemes1

Proliferation5

Multiplication5

Hormones2

Growth6

Terminal1

Branches2

Accessory1

Organism1

Short1

Rhizomes1

Woody1

Inhibition1

Flower1

Grown2

Branch1

Plants1

Propagation1

Auxin transport1

Formation1

Regulate1