Caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection is manifested clinically as polysynovitis-arthritis in adult goats and less commonly as leukoencephalomyelitis (progressive weakness, ataxia, proprioceptive deficits) in kids. (merckvetmanual.com)
Lentivirus Pneumonia in Sheep and Goats Lentiviral infection causes a progressive, interstitial pneumonia typically observed in mature sheep. (merckvetmanual.com)
Historically, they were named after the animal species affected, which included caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) virus of goats and ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP)/maedi-visna of sheep. (wsu.edu)
In sheep, close contact appears to be an efficient way to spread the virus, in addition to the routes mentioned for goats. (wsu.edu)
Respiratory tract infections caused by some viruses with cattle origin have been demonstrated in sheep and goats. (ac.ir)
Although the lentiviruses have varying virulence among genetically distinct isolates and were previously thought to be distinct enough to infect either sheep or goats, they are now collectively referred to as the small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs). (msdvetmanual.com)
Symptoms can include paralytic encephalitis in kids under 6 months old, severe arthritis and lameness in goats 1-2 years old, very hard udders in newly freshened goats, and wasting/condition loss in older goats. (blogspot.com)
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an important veterinary pathogen in Africa causing abortions and deaths in young animals, primarily goats and sheep (2). (the-medical-dictionary.com)
In addition, a serological survey in the central zone of Spain was performed using milk samples from 413 animals (250 sheep and 163 goats) from 12 flocks/herds. (visavet.es)
Among the animals, 60.0 per cent of the sheep and 8.0 per cent of the goats tested were seropositive. (visavet.es)
Viral10
Encephalitis is inflammation of the parenchyma of the brain, resulting from direct viral invasion or occurring as a postinfectious immunologic complication caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to a virus or another foreign protein. (merckmanuals.com)
Encephalitis can also occur as a late reactivation of latent or subclinical viral infection. (merckmanuals.com)
Encephalitis can occur as a secondary immunologic complication of certain viral infections or vaccinations. (merckmanuals.com)
Tickborne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infectious disease that attacks the central nervous system and can result in long-term neurological symptoms, and even death. (europa.eu)
In conclusion, the presence of viral antigen in lung tissues of sheep may indicate that natural pneumonia may be induced by BHV1 or possibly other species-specific herpesviruses. (ac.ir)
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most important viral tick-borne zoonosis in Europe and causes between 5352 (in 2008) and 12,733 (in 1996) human cases per year in Europe and parts of Asia, especially in the Siberian part of Russia [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
DMT's mission is to study emerging and re-emerging viral pathogens that cause hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis and respiratory distress, with an aim of developing diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines. (nih.gov)
Viruses5
Encephalitis is most commonly due to viruses, such as herpes simplex, herpes zoster, cytomegalovirus. (merckmanuals.com)
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) are a group of closely related viruses that can cause chronic disease, including pneumonia, arthritis, encephalitis and mastitis, in multiple organ systems. (wsu.edu)
Other viruses that cause encephalomyelitis are Eastern equine encephalitis (found primarily in eastern Canada, US states east of the Mississippi river, and the Caribbean islands), Western equine encephalitis (found in western Canada, US states west of the Mississippi river, Mexico, and South America), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (found in Mexico, and Central and South America). (msdvetmanual.com)
Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) , or maedi-visna, is a chronic disease of sheep due to lentiviruses (enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses in the family Retroviridae). (msdvetmanual.com)
Hemorrhagic3
The virus also causes severe disease in humans who come into contact with contaminated animals or who are bitten by infected mosquitoes, resulting in severe encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever that can prove fatal. (pasteur.fr)
2%) the illness can progress to hemorrhagic fever syndrome, meningo-encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), or affecting the eye. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus (family Flaviviridae , genus Flavivirus ), is a zoonotic pathogen that causes severe neurologic disease in humans. (cdc.gov)
Infections with Eastern and Venezuelan equine encephalitis are generally severe and can progress to death over a short period of time. (msdvetmanual.com)
Tickborne2
Kerbo N , Donchenko I , Kutsar K , Vasilenko V . Tickborne encephalitis outbreak in Estonia linked to raw goat milk, May-June 2005. (cdc.gov)
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus is a tickborne flavivirus that is focally endemic in a geographic region extending from western and northern Europe through to northern and eastern Asia ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Moreover, it is suggested that sheep might have a role in the transmission of this virus to cattle. (ac.ir)
Further screening of brain samples, virus isolation, and infection studies are needed to estimate the significance of these findings and the causative association of BoRV CH15 with neurological disease and encephalitis in cattle. (biomedcentral.com)
However, at that point we could draw no conclusion regarding the association of BoRV CH15 infection with encephalitis in cattle. (biomedcentral.com)
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA lentivirus in the family Retroviridae. (merckvetmanual.com)
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) are members of the Retrovirus family comprising the closely related Visna/Maedi Virus (VMV) and the Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus (CAEV), which infect sheep and goats. (mdpi.com)
Infection by VMV and CAEV can lead to Visna/Maedi (VM) and Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis (CAE) respectively, slow progressive inflammatory diseases primarily affecting the lungs, nervous system, joints and mammary glands. (mdpi.com)
The diagnostic performance of an ELISA for the detection of antibodies to the small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) maedi-visna virus and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in milk and corresponding blood samples was evaluated in 50 sheep. (visavet.es)
Goat6
Tick-borne encephalitis from eating goat cheese in a mountain region of Austria. (cdc.gov)
Tick-borne encephalitis outbreak in Hungary due to consumption of raw goat milk. (cdc.gov)
WADDL receives numerous inquiries about SRLV, how to test for it, and, most importantly, how to diagnose and take steps to control the infection in sheep and goat herds. (wsu.edu)
In addition, we have included selected livestock species (i.e. pig, sheep and goat) and unconventional animal species such as reservoir species (i.e. rodents and bats). (nih.gov)
Lentiviruses1
Small ruminant lentiviruses persist in lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages of infected sheep, evading elimination by the immune system. (msdvetmanual.com)
Tick-borne17
Little is known about the occurrence of tick-borne encephalitis in Romania. (cdc.gov)
Locations in northwestern Romania where sheep were positive for tick-borne encephalitis virus-specific antibodies, determined by using virus neutralization test ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
Kríz B , Benes C , Daniel M . Alimentary transmission of tick-borne encephalitis in the Czech Republic (1997-2008). (cdc.gov)
Gresíková M , Sekeyová M , Stúpalová S , Necas S . Sheep milk-borne epidemic of tick-borne encephalitis in Slovakia. (cdc.gov)
Kohl I , Kožuch O , Elecková E , Labuda M , Žaludko J . Family outbreak of alimentary tick-borne encephalitis in Slovakia associated with a natural focus of infection. (cdc.gov)
Juceviciene A , Vapalahti O , Laiskonis A , Ceplikiene J , Leinikki P . Prevalence of tick-borne-encephalitis virus antibodies in Lithuania. (cdc.gov)
Ličková M , Fumačová Havlíková S , Sláviková M , Klempa B . Alimentary infections by tick-borne encephalitis virus. (cdc.gov)
Buczek AM , Buczek W , Buczek A , Wysokińska-Miszczuk J . Food-borne transmission of tick-borne encephalitis virus-spread, consequences, and prophylaxis. (cdc.gov)
Slovakia reports highest occurrence of alimentary tick-borne encephalitis in Europe: Analysis of tick-borne encephalitis outbreaks in Slovakia during 2007-2016. (cdc.gov)
Comparison of Serological Methods for Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus-Specific Antibody Detection in Wild Boar and Sheep: Impact of the Screening Approach on the Estimated Seroprevalence. (sciensano.be)
Clinical signs of progressive pneumonia rarely occur in sheep 4 years old. (msdvetmanual.com)
Virus7
The purpose of this study was to determine the current TBE virus infection status in northwestern Romania by using sheep as sentinels for TBE virus circulation. (cdc.gov)
We tested samples from 168 (32.37%) sheep with borderline or positive results from ELISA by using VNT, and this method identified 78 (15.02%) animals as positive for antibodies specifically neutralizing TBE virus ( Technical Appendix Table). (cdc.gov)
Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus is a bunyavirus that was first isolated from sheep in Kenya in 1930. (pasteur.fr)
The main goal of this study was to determine Bovine Herpes virus type 1 BHV1antigen in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung tissue of pneumonic sheep, using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining method. (ac.ir)
The second phase involves the neurological system with symptoms of meningitis (inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord) and/or encephalitis (inflammation of the brain). (europa.eu)
Lentiviral infection1
Reported seroprevalence for lentiviral infection in sheep varies widely, ranging in the US from 49% in the West to 9% in the Northeast. (msdvetmanual.com)
Symptoms2
Between 2011 and 2013, three German breeders of variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides) had encephalitis with similar clinical signs and died 2 to 4 months after onset of the clinical symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
We demonstrate high antibody prevalence (15.02%) among sheep used as sentinels for this disease in 80% of the tested localities in 5 counties of northwestern Romania. (cdc.gov)
Davies, P.L., Hyde, R.M. and Lovatt, F.M. (2023) Longitudinal study of antimicrobial use patterns, vaccination and disease prevalence in British sheep flocks. (rcvsknowledge.org)
20191
Lovatt, F., Duncan, J. and Hinde, D. (2019) Responsible use of antibiotics on sheep farms: application at farm level. (rcvsknowledge.org)
Livestock2
Domestic sheep ( Ovis aries ) is one of the most popular livestock animals in existence. (raisingsheep.net)
Many cases of neurological disease and encephalitis in livestock remain etiologically unresolved, posing a constant threat to animal and human health. (biomedcentral.com)
Diseases1
In September 2016, we randomly selected 519 serum aliquots from adult sheep from samples previously collected (July-August 2016) by the National Program for Surveillance, Prevention, Control and Eradication of Animal Diseases in 5 counties in northwestern Romania ( Figure ). (cdc.gov)
Ovis1
Effects of melatonin on superovulation and transgenic embryo transplantation in small-tailed han sheep (Ovis aries). (nel.edu)
visna (meaning wasting) refers to the neurologic form of the disease in sheep. (msdvetmanual.com)
Horses1
The Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) has reported 10 Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) cases in horses from four counties - Montcalm, Clare, Newaygo and Kent counties since the first case was reported in Clare County on Aug. 11. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Syndrome3
A case report of overlapping Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis and Guillain-Barre syndrome. (nel.edu)
We report a case of a 23-year-old man diagnosed with overlapping Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) and Guillain-Barre syndrome (G. (nel.edu)
Feng J, Fu X, Xie W, Lv X, Zhang Y, Meng H. A case report of overlapping Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis and Guillain-Barre syndrome. (nel.edu)
Ewes1
Female sheep (ewes) often give birth to one to two offspring in the spring. (raisingsheep.net)