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Cystatin CCystatinsCystatin ACreatinineGlomerular Filtration RateKidney Function TestsCystatin BNephelometry and TurbidimetryBiological MarkersSerumKidney DiseasesAcute Kidney InjurySalivary CystatinsRenal InsufficiencyChromium RadioisotopesAlbuminuriaKidneyRenal Insufficiency, ChronicGout SuppressantsROC CurvePredictive Value of TestsBlood Urea NitrogenKidney Failure, ChronicRisk FactorsReference ValuesCysteine Proteinase InhibitorsProspective StudiesSerum AlbuminPapainEarly DiagnosisCross-Sectional StudiesSensitivity and SpecificityCathepsin BKidney TransplantationSeverity of Illness IndexCathepsinsRisk AssessmentCohort StudiesCardiovascular DiseasesCathepsin LAge FactorsCerebrospinal Fluid ProteinsCathepsin HHypertensionSerum Albumin, BovineCysteine EndopeptidasesLipocalinsModels, StatisticalUnited StatesComorbidityAmyloid beta-Protein PrecursorAlzheimer DiseaseMice, Transgenic
Elevated serum creatinineEGFRBased on serum creatinineConcentrationsRenal functionEquationsMeasurements of cystatinConcentrationProteinCalciumRise in serumAssayCysCBiomarkerChronicCalibrationAdultsMarker of kidney functionInverselyUreaCysteineNHANES IIIEquationEstimateLaboratoriesAssaysInvestigatorsUrine creatinineDiet in Renal DiseaseDiagnosisMeasurementPredictGlomerular filtrationCreatinine clearanceDifferencesOutcomesBiochemicalLevelDysfunctionAdjustmentEliminationPatientsCardiovascularStudies
Elevated serum creatinine2
  • Ten dogs which formed the control group, and 20 dogs which had elevated serum creatinine levels and a low urine specific gravity due to renal disease, constituted the study material. (vin.com)
  • Elevated serum creatinine is a side effect of abemaciclib but does not appear to affect renal function. (ascopost.com)
EGFR15
  • Inker et al reported equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum cystatin C concentrations, age and gender. (medicalalgorithms.com)
  • 6, 6-12, 12-18, and ≥18 years) incorporating serum creatinine or serum cystatin C. Contrasting performance in different self-reported racial groups of the U25 eGFR equations. (wustl.edu)
  • Mean (standard deviation) molybdenum-corrected urine cadmium , Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) eGFR and multi-variable cystatin C eGFR were 1.02 (0.65) ug/g creatinine, and 97.4 (19.2) and 112.0 (17.7) mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • A more accurate real-time description of renal function in AKI is needed, and some published data suggest that equations based on serum creatinine that estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) can provide this. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition, incorporating serum cystatin C concentration into estimates of GFR may improve their accuracy, but no eGFR equations are validated in critically ill patients with AKI. (hindawi.com)
  • This study tests whether creatinine or cystatin-C-based eGFR equations, used in patients with CKD, offer an accurate representation of 4-hour creatinine clearance (4CrCl) in critically ill patients with AKI. (hindawi.com)
  • Some published data, albeit in abstract form, suggest that MDRD eGFR calculations may be more useful than serum creatinine alone in estimating renal function in critically ill patients when compared to CrCl measurements [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, cystatin C offers the opportunity to avoid the race coefficient that is required for any current creatinine-based eGFR equation, which has been appropriately criticized for introducing unnecessary imprecision, assumptions and values on GFR estimation. (lww.com)
  • We estimated the mixture effects of these metals, using weighted quantile sum regression (WQS) applied to urine biomarkers (Umix), blood biomarkers (Bmix), and MMBs, on the cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum cystatin C assessed at 8-10 years of age, adjusted for covariates. (nih.gov)
  • Quartile increases in Umix and the MMB mixture were associated with 2.5% (95%CI: 0.1, 5.0) and 3.0% (95%CI: 0.2, 5.7) increased eGFR and -2.6% (95% CI: -5.1%, -0.1%) and -3.3% (95% CI: -6.5%, -0.1%) decreased cystatin C, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • Weights indicate that the strongest contributors to the associations with eGFR and serum cystatin C were Cd and Pb, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • This involves the quantification of renal function in a representative adult population-based sample and a requirement for standardisation of serum creatinine measurements, along with storage of samples for future measurements of cystatin C and ascertainment of estimates of body composition, in order to obtain valid comparisons of estimated GFR (eGFR) within and between populations. (lu.se)
  • In this new analysis, 283 of the 360 randomly assigned ROSE-HF patients were further split into two groups: those who developed worsening renal failure (rise in serum creatinine or cystatin C as measured by at least a 20% drop in estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) and those who did not. (medscape.com)
  • Within the 72-hour period, the patients were exposed to high-dose furosemide (median dose, 560 mg IV) and had a median total urine output of nearly 8 L. Despite adequate diuresis, the investigators uncovered no changes in KIM-1, NGAL, and NAG from baseline and after 72 hours when cystatin C was used to calculate eGFR. (medscape.com)
  • Similarly, neither KIM-1 nor NGAL changed in the group in which eGFR was measured by serum creatinine (ie, those patients who experienced the creatinine bump). (medscape.com)
Based on serum creatinine3
Concentrations4
  • Serum cystatin C concentrations (sCysC) might be less influenced by changes in body muscle mass and so better indicate the presence of concurrent chronic kidney disease (CKD) in hyperthyroidism. (avmi.net)
  • Under the optimized conditions, there was a good correlation between the fluorescence signal ratio (F1/F2) of the background fluorescence (F1) to the fluorescence signal at the detection line (F2) for cystatin C at concentrations from 0.0\u2009ng/mL to 100\u2009ng/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9977. (researchain.net)
  • The cut-off point value of Cys C was 1.50 mg/L, with the sensitivity and specificity as 85.7% and 82.4% respectively, suggesting that the serum Cys C concentrations had a certain value towards the early diagnosis of CIN, better than Scr, and is worthy of clinical application. (uwi.edu)
  • vancomycin was the most frequently studied drug and its target level and elimination were better predicted by cystatin C. Overall, approaches to medication dosing and monitoring that include cystatin C concentrations have been shown to result in a better achievement of drug trough levels. (lww.com)
Renal function4
  • Various studies have reported about cystatin C as an easy and rapid assessable marker that can be used for accurate information on renal function impairment in humans lastly, but we have found only one study in dogs. (vin.com)
  • Because it has been proven that in advanced liver diseases or liver cirrhosis an overestimation of the GFR occurs when sCr is used, the measurement of serum cystatin C (CysC) was recommended to detect a possibly impaired renal function. (aacc.org)
  • Serum cystatin C, the recommended biomarker to assess renal function in DMD, showed minimal change at the highest dose. (tipranks.com)
  • Cystatin C is useful for assessing renal function in patients suspected of having kidney disease, and monitoring treatment response in patients with kidney disease. (chl.co.nz)
Equations4
  • citation needed][clarification needed] Some studies have found cystatin C to be better in this regard than serum creatinine or creatinine-based GFR equations. (wikipedia.org)
  • The average of creatinine- and cystatin C-based U25 equations was unbiased by self-reported race groups. (wustl.edu)
  • Importantly, for GFR estimation among those under 25 years of age, the average of the new U25 creatinine and cystatin C equations without race coefficients yields unbiased estimates of mGFR. (wustl.edu)
  • Equations that include cystatin C predict GFR more accurately than serum creatinine in children, adults, and older adults with larger effects among persons who are acutely ill. (lww.com)
Measurements of cystatin1
  • Cystatin C, BTP, and B2M were measured in a subsample of stored surplus serum samples obtained from NHANES III Second Examination participants aged 12 years or older who had previous measurements of cystatin C conducted in First Examination NHANES III samples. (cdc.gov)
Concentration4
  • However, inflammation does not cause an increase in the production of cystatin C, since elective surgical procedures, producing a strong inflammatory response in patients, do not change the plasma concentration of cystatin C.[medical citation needed] Levels seem to be increased in HIV infection, which might or might not reflect actual renal dysfunction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prediction of amikacin serum concentration was more accurate when the estimation was carried out by entering the CKD-EPI Cys ( r 2 , 3.2835 vs 1.6009). (aacc.org)
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following as predictive factors for AKI in VLBW infants: gestational age, red blood cell count within 3 days of birth, serum calcium concentration within 3 days of birth, maternal age of ≥35 years, and pulmonary arterial hypertension or myocardial injury. (frontiersin.org)
  • Typically diagnosed on the basis of serum creatine concentration, however, currently employed urine biomarkers do not reliably detect the early stages of CKD at which intervention could be more effective. (randox.com)
Protein5
  • Cystatin C, β-trace protein (BTP) and β2 microglobulin (B2M) assayed from stored surplus serum samples from the NHANES III Second Examination (1988-1994). (cdc.gov)
  • Cystatin C or cystatin 3 (formerly gamma trace, post-gamma-globulin, or neuroendocrine basic polypeptide), a protein encoded by the CST3 gene, is mainly used as a biomarker of kidney function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cystatin C is a protein that is produced by the cells in your body. (kidney.org)
  • Blood testing at the day of admission revealed thrombocytopenia (63 platelets/nL), markedly elevated C-reactive protein (63.6 mg/L), and borderline leukocyte (9.8 cells/nL) and serum creatinine (1.2 mg/dL) values. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 16 ] In one study, arecoline was found to elevate the mRNA and protein expression of cystatin C, a nonglycosylated basic protein consistently up-regulated in a variety of fibrotic diseases, in a dose-dependent manner in persons with oral submucous fibrosis. (medscape.com)
Calcium1
  • Estimation of the serum sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, bicarbonate, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and cholesterol and fractionated lipid levels are important in the treatment and prevention of various chronic kidney disease-related complications. (medscape.com)
Rise in serum1
  • Additionally, the age-related rise in serum cystatin C is a powerful predictor of adverse age-related health outcomes, including all-cause mortality, death from cardiovascular disease, multimorbidity, and declining physical and cognitive function. (wikipedia.org)
Assay7
  • Cystatin C measurements were conducted using the Siemens (formerly Dade Behring) N Latex Cystatin C assay, an automated particle-enhanced nepholometric assay (Siemens Diagnostics). (cdc.gov)
  • The inter-assay coefficients of variation for the cystatin C, βTP and β2M assays were 4.0% (mean 0.698 mg/L), 5.7% (mean 0.594 mg/L) and 2.7% (mean 1.757 mg/L), respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, a novel immunochromatographic method has been established to achieve quantitative detection of serum cystatin C. Unlike conventional and traditional gold immune chromatographic assays (GICAs), a uniform layer of a fluorescent film was added to the solid phase, which has been designated as the background fluorescence quenching immune chromatographic assay (bFQICA). (researchain.net)
  • Serum creatinine (sCr) was measured by the compensated Jaffe kinetic method (IDMS-traceable assay). (aacc.org)
  • This assay does not contain TULV antigen, but the patient's serum showed strong IgG reactivity with Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV), Hantaan virus (HTNV), and Puumala virus (PUUV) antigens as well as strong band intensity on PUUV in the IgM assay. (cdc.gov)
  • Newer assay methods have mostly abolished the serum error, resulting in a larger discrepancy between creatinine clearance and GFR. (medscape.com)
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the Cystatin C (CysC) assay in the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units in Brazzaville. (bvsalud.org)
CysC4
  • Serum CysC was 2.29 mg/L, measured by an immunonephelometric method (Immage®, Izasa) on the ninth day. (aacc.org)
  • In the October 23 Neuron, Gan and colleagues now report that APP mice lacking cystatin C (CysC)-an inhibitor of cysteine proteases including CatB-have lower soluble Aβ levels and reduced Aβ-associated deficits in cognition, behavior, and synaptic plasticity compared to APP/CysC+/+ mice. (alzforum.org)
  • Creatinine (Cr), CysC and urea were assayed in serum 24 hours after admission. (bvsalud.org)
  • Glomerular filtration clearance was estimated using serum creatinine and CysC. (bvsalud.org)
Biomarker2
Chronic6
  • February 27, 2009 - Serum cystatin C level and chronic kidney disease may have a link to incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that is independent of smoking and other risk factors, according to a population-based cohort study reported in the February issue of the Archives of Ophthalmology . (medscape.com)
  • The goal of this study was to examine the associations of the serum cystatin C level and chronic kidney disease with the incidence and progression of AMD during 15 years of follow-up in 4926 participants of the Beaver Dam Eye Study. (medscape.com)
  • Although studies are somewhat divergent, most studies find that cystatin C levels are less dependent on age, gender, ethnicity, diet, and muscle mass compared to creatinine, and that cystatin C is equal or superior to the other available biomarkers in a range of different patient populations, including diabetic patients, in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and after kidney transplant. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, the multiple comparisons of the estimated glomerular filtration rate showed that cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement of independent of age, and muscle mass with the estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤60 mL/min/1.73m2 in chronic kidney disease patients substantially lower as compared to the control group and newly diagnosed chronic kidney disease patients. (aamronline.org)
  • Serum cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement of independent of age, and muscle mass and thus suggestive of a better marker of early detection of chronic kidney disease. (aamronline.org)
  • Little research has examined the associations of self-reported race with measured GFR (mGFR) adjusting for serum creatinine or cystatin C in children and young adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). (wustl.edu)
Calibration2
  • Cystatin C calibration has varied substantially across laboratories between 2006-when the original NHANES III (First Examination) cystatin C stored surplus sera study was conducted -and 2009-when the present measurements were conducted. (cdc.gov)
  • Due to differences in laboratory calibration of assays, there are systematic differences in the cystatin C values from the First Examination and those from the Second Examination and other NHANES surveys. (cdc.gov)
Adults2
  • The UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline for the assessment and management of CKD in adults concluded that using serum cystatin C to estimate GFR is more specific for important disease outcomes than use of serum creatinine, and may reduce overdiagnosis in patients with a borderline diagnosis, reducing unnecessary appointments, patient worries, the overall burden of CKD in the population. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hans Pottel, Ph.D., from KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk in Belgium, and colleagues used data from patients in Sweden to estimate the rescaling factor for cystatin C level in adults. (medicalxpress.com)
Marker of kidney function2
Inversely1
  • Studies suggest that expression of cystatin A is inversely associated with malignant progression of cancer 9 . (bvsalud.org)
Urea2
Cysteine2
  • The amount of any cystatin (that is, of any member of the cystatin superfamily of proteins, many of which act as cysteine protease inhibitors) found in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. (mcw.edu)
  • Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)
NHANES III2
  • NHANES III Cystatin C Surplus Sera Laboratory Component. (cdc.gov)
  • Serum, plasma, and urine specimens were collected in the NHANES III (1988-1994) and in subsequent NHANES survey cycles 1999-present. (cdc.gov)
Equation3
Estimate1
  • Serum cystatin C has been used to estimate glomerular filtration rate to define the presence of CKD," write Ronald Klein, MD, MPH, from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, and colleagues. (medscape.com)
Laboratories2
  • Users need to consider the shift in laboratories when comparing cystatin C measurements from the Second Examination samples to measurements from the First Examination and other NHANES samples, conducted at different time points. (cdc.gov)
  • Hospital laboratories must make cystatin C available for clinical care to improve the safety and efficacy of medications that have narrow therapeutic windows. (lww.com)
Assays2
  • The Sickle Cell Disease Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, and Renal Working Group notes that there are a number of different assays and instruments that are appropriate to measure the reticulocyte count from serum. (phenxtoolkit.org)
  • [ 9 ] This overestimate was offset by older colorimetric assays, which also overestimated serum creatinine owing to noncreatinine chromogens. (medscape.com)
Investigators1
Urine creatinine2
Diet in Renal Disease1
  • The serum creatinine was measured by the Jaffe Method, cystatin C by immunoturbidometric method, and glomerular filtration rates were estimated using CKD-EPI and modified diet in renal disease formulae. (aamronline.org)
Diagnosis4
  • Abstract It is recognized that cystatin C is an effective marker for monitoring the glomerular filtration rate and the clinical diagnosis of various diseases. (researchain.net)
  • This work demonstrates that bFQICA is a simple, sensitive, and accurate approach for the determination of serum cystatin C, providing a new approach for the clinical diagnosis of cystatin C. (researchain.net)
  • The aim of this study was to explore the application values of Cystatin C (cys-C) in the early diagnosis of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). (uwi.edu)
  • Serum chemistry testing provides a valuable diagnostic tool both in the initial diagnosis and in the subsequent follow-up in these children. (medscape.com)
Measurement1
  • However, to address its limitations caused by the influence of some factors, cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement independent of age, sex, and muscle mass. (aamronline.org)
Predict1
  • It has been suggested that cystatin C might predict the risk of developing CKD, thereby signaling a state of 'preclinical' kidney dysfunction. (wikipedia.org)
Glomerular filtration5
Creatinine clearance1
  • As the results of the analysis showed that in addition to the common indicators (serum creatinine and creatinine clearance rate), some other underappreciated indicators such as serum cystatin and cumulative days of vancomycin administration, weight and age, neutrophils and hemoglobin were the risk factors for cancer, diabetes mellitus, heptic insufficiency respectively. (frontiersin.org)
Differences1
  • Smaller and opposite differences were observed for the cystatin C-mGFR relationship, especially in the younger age group. (wustl.edu)
Outcomes1
  • Because the association of cystatin C with long term outcomes has appeared stronger than what could be expected for GFR, it has been hypothesized that cystatin C might also be linked to mortality in a way independent of kidney function. (wikipedia.org)
Biochemical1
  • The biological effects of γ-Fe 2 O 3 NP and Gd-DTPA on the kidney were obtained using a biochemical automatic analyzer and multiple proinflammatory factor kit on the serum. (dovepress.com)
Level2
Dysfunction2
  • Cystatin C levels have been reported to be altered in patients with cancer, (even subtle) thyroid dysfunction and glucocorticoid therapy in some but not all situations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cystatin C is well recognised marker of kidney filtration dysfunction and injury. (randox.com)
Adjustment2
  • Adjustment for serum creatinine or cystatin C, body size, and socioeconomic status. (wustl.edu)
  • Self-reported Black race was significantly associated with 3.5% lower mGFR after adjustment for cystatin C overall but was not significant for those over 12 years. (wustl.edu)
Elimination1
Patients2
  • Therefore, we investigated the effects of patients' sera on endothelia cells (ECs) in vitro. (mdpi.com)
  • The rescaling factor for cystatin C was estimated at 0.83 for men and women younger than 50 years of age and 0.83 + 0.005 x (age − 50) for those 50 years of age or older on the basis of data from 227,643 patients in Sweden. (medicalxpress.com)
Cardiovascular1
  • Several studies have found that increased levels of cystatin C are associated with the risk of death, several types of cardiovascular disease (including myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease and metabolic syndrome) and healthy aging. (wikipedia.org)
Studies2