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Cystatin CCreatinineCystatinsCystatin BCystatin AGlomerular Filtration RateKidney Function TestsKidney DiseasesAcute Kidney InjuryKidneyBiological MarkersRenal InsufficiencySerumSalivary CystatinsKidney Failure, ChronicBlood Urea NitrogenKidney TransplantationProteinuriaSerum AlbuminLipocalinsRenal Insufficiency, ChronicTime FactorsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsRetrospective StudiesPredictive Value of TestsTreatment OutcomeCysteine Proteinase InhibitorsDiabetic NephropathiesIohexolPapainCreatineRenal DialysisIothalamic AcidFollow-Up StudiesNephelometry and TurbidimetryImmunosuppressive AgentsGlomerulonephritis, IGAUric AcidGraft RejectionPrognosisCohort StudiesNephrectomyAcetylglucosaminidaseUreaReference ValuesSeverity of Illness IndexKidney Tubular Necrosis, AcuteAlbuminuriaTechnetium Tc 99m PentetateCyclosporineContrast MediaCathepsin BRenal Artery ObstructionDisease ProgressionGraft SurvivalAcute-Phase ProteinsCathepsinsKidney TubulesAzotemiaChronic Diseasebeta 2-MicroglobulinMetabolic Clearance RateOliguriaRisk AssessmentGlomerulonephritisROC CurveBlood PressureAnuriaRenal ArterySensitivity and SpecificityHypertensionCathepsin LUrinalysisCross-Sectional StudiesBiopsyAge FactorsMultivariate AnalysisRegression AnalysisUremiaCerebrospinal Fluid ProteinsCathepsin HKidney GlomerulusGlomerulonephritis, MembranousPostoperative ComplicationsCase-Control StudiesNephritis, InterstitialTacrolimusHepatorenal SyndromeDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glomerulosclerosis, Focal SegmentalLupus NephritisIncidenceDelayed Graft FunctionReperfusion InjuryBilirubinPostoperative PeriodNephrosclerosisTriiodobenzoic AcidsSerum Albumin, Bovine
GlomerularEquationsEquationConcentrationsAlbuminAccurate than serum creatinineProteinBaselineSarcopeniaEstimateAcute kidneyHuman cystatinChanges in serum creatinineAssayUreaPatientsUrine outputUnlike creatinineMarker of renal functionPredictsFreely filteredConcentrationBILIRUBINKidneysNHANES IIIStandard deviationAdjustmentSimilar to creatinineMeasurement of creatinineHigh serumEndogenousLevelsBiomarkersAssessmentProteinuriaNovel markerDysfunctionConclusionsEstimatingOutcomesLevelPredictionRate
Glomerular23
Equations4
  • How to estimate GFR-serum creatinine, serum cystatin C or equations? (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on the data in the report, performance characteristics of the new equation "are marginally but not substantially better" than existing options for patients with a kidney transplant, commented Neil R. Powe, MD, chief of medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, California, who co-developed the 2021 race-free eGFR equations based on creatinine alone, cystatin C alone, and both. (medscape.com)
  • The creatinine-cystatin C equation performed better than equations using only creatinine or cystatin C. In people whose estimated kidney function was between 45 and 74 based on creatinine, the combined equation improved classification for measured GFR below 60, correctly reclassifying 16.8 percent of those with estimated GFR of 45 to 59 to 60 or greater. (nih.gov)
  • Performance of creatinine-based eGFR equations in patients with malignancy may be worse than in the general population with implications for management including drug dosing. (asn-online.org)
Equation12
  • Instead, it is estimated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation based on the level of serum creatinine (SCr). (medscape.com)
  • Investigators calculated eGFR using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation including both serum creatinine and cystatin C. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • Raynaud and colleagues posted an eGFR calculator based on their new equation using sex, age, and serum creatinine as the input variables. (medscape.com)
  • But Powe added that he would like to see evidence for the performance of the new equation in "a more diverse group," and said the fact it is not based on both creatinine and cystatin C is "a limitation" of the new equation. (medscape.com)
  • The new creatinine-cystatin equation is more accurate over a broader range of kidney function and body size, and less altered by other medical conditions," said Inker. (nih.gov)
  • Estimating kidney function based on creatinine and cystatin C could be used as a confirmatory test for chronic kidney disease in patients with an estimated GFR near 60 - the usual threshold for diagnosing chronic kidney disease - although it will need to be standardized before the equation can be used widely. (nih.gov)
  • Based on projections from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, using the creatinine-only equation, an estimated 23 million American adults may have CKD, and nearly 400,000 people in the United States and 2 million worldwide depend on dialysis to treat kidney failure. (nih.gov)
  • Performance of the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) creatinine-based equation in American cohorts [Poster presentation]. (uliege.be)
  • Use the CKD-EPI cystatin C equation to estimate GFR for patients when creatinine may mislead. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • For adults, estimated GFR is calculated using the CKD-EPI cystatin C (2012) equation. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • Thus, cystatin C may be a more reliable marker of renal function (GFR) than creatinine.GFR can be estimated (eGFR) from serum cystatin C utilizing an equation which includes the age and gender of the patient. (geisingermedicallabs.com)
  • The CKD-EPI cystatin C equation was developed by Inker et al, and demonstrated good correlation with measured iothalamate clearance in patients with all common causes of kidney disease, including kidney transplant recipients. (geisingermedicallabs.com)
Concentrations8
  • We quantified serum concentrations of cystatin C via particle-enhanced immunonephelometric assay. (medscape.com)
  • This tool has been shown to better predict trough concentrations than clinical judgement coupled with creatinine only estimates of renal function. (medscape.com)
  • Very few studies have considered the correlation of baseline renal function with increased creatinine concentrations during the episode of AKI [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Race does not appear to greatly impact cystatin C serum concentrations. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • Concentrations of cystatin C (uCysC) in a healthy dog is reabsorbed in the proximal renal tubuli and exist in very small/unmeasurable amounts in urine. (slu.se)
  • The remaining 35 dogs had concentrations of uCysC below measurable concentrations (group B). The urine protein-/u-creatinine-ratio (UPC) and serum-creatinine (sCr) was significantly elevated in group A when compared to group B. Group A had significantly more affected general condition and was significantly more circulatory affected compared to group B. (slu.se)
  • There were some dogs in the study with systemic inflammation or snake bite toxicity that had increased concentrations uCysC in combination with an increased urine protein-/u-creatinine-ratio, this can indicate secondary kidney injury within these group of dogs. (slu.se)
  • various studies have reported the high serum concentrations of two cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in obese patients. (biomedbiochem.com)
Albumin3
  • The NIDDK Laboratory Working Group aims to improve laboratory measurement of biomarkers used in the detection and management of chronic kidney disease, including serum creatinine, urine albumin and cystatin C. (nih.gov)
  • First morning voids will be collected at baseline and year 4 for measurement of urine albumin-creatinine ratio. (nih.gov)
  • However, cystatin C is affected by albumin levels and by an inflammatory state, both of which are present in cirrhotic patients. (abdominalkey.com)
Accurate than serum creatinine2
Protein12
  • Cystatin C is a low-molecular protein (13.4 kDa) that is synthesized at a constant rate in all nucleated cells. (medscape.com)
  • Serum cystatin C, urine dipstick, and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio should be measured before starting VILTEPSO. (nih.gov)
  • Blood testing at the day of admission revealed thrombocytopenia (63 platelets/nL), markedly elevated C-reactive protein (63.6 mg/L), and borderline leukocyte (9.8 cells/nL) and serum creatinine (1.2 mg/dL) values. (cdc.gov)
  • Under calculated intravenous fluid intake, the creatinine, GFR, and platelet values normalized until day 8, and the C-reactive protein declined to 12.1 mg/L. The patient was discharged from hospital at day 8 in good general condition. (cdc.gov)
  • Creatinine is a waste product from protein in the diet and the normal breakdown of muscle tissue. (nih.gov)
  • Serum cystatin-C, is a low molecular protein that belongs to the family of cysteine protease inhibitor, was proposed as an endogenous filtration marker. (journal-asia.education)
  • Cystatin C är ett protein och en proteinasinhibitor med låg molekylärvikt (13kDa) som är involverat i intracellulär proteinkatabolism och produceras med konstant hastighet. (slu.se)
  • Cystatin C is a protein and a proteinase inhibitor with low molecular weight (13 kDa) that is involved in intracellular protein catabolism and is produced at a constant rate in all cells in the body. (slu.se)
  • The urine was analyzed for uCysC, u-protein and u-creatinine. (slu.se)
  • Cystatin C is a small protein that is produced throughout the body by all cells containing a nucleus and is found in a variety of body fluids, including the blood. (orangehealth.in)
  • The Cystatin C test: Analyzes the amount of Cystatin C in the blood to help evaluate kidney function.The body makes cystatin C constantly, and the protein is found in different fluids, including blood, spinal fluid, and breast milk. (orangehealth.in)
  • A random urine protein/creatinine ratio or a 24-hour urine protein collection is an equally valid way to quantify the degree of proteinuria. (abdominalkey.com)
Baseline2
  • The baseline (preinterventional) serum CyC level was measured by means of a particle-enhanced immunonephelometric assay (N Latex Cystatin C, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics GmbH, Eschborn, Germany) with a nephelometer (BNII, Dade Behring). (hindawi.com)
  • Although the AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network), KDIGO and ERBP (European Renal Best Practice) groups have contributed to standardizing the diagnosis and staging of AKI, the lack of a joint approach to baseline serum creatinine (bSCr) concentration has influenced the creatinine‐based AKI definitions. (biomedcentral.com)
Sarcopenia2
Estimate3
  • Unfortunately, isolating an endogenously produced substance has been elusive, and therefore we have had to use exogenous substances (inulin, isotopes) or estimate the GFR using endogenous substances (creatinine, cystatin). (ccjm.org)
  • More than 80 percent of clinical laboratories currently estimate GFR from serum creatinine. (nih.gov)
  • The 2002 guidelines included a classification system of five stages of CKD based on eGFR, which the lab could estimate from the patient's serum creatinine level, age, and sex. (aacc.org)
Acute kidney1
Human cystatin2
  • [ 6 ] Cystatin C, a member of the human cystatin superfamily and a cysteine protease inhibitor involved in the catabolism of proteins, has been found to function as an early and sensitive marker of renal dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • Structure and expression of the human cystatin C gene. (journal-asia.education)
Changes in serum creatinine2
  • Standardized definitions of AKI, using changes in serum creatinine (SCr) and urine output, have enabled a better evaluation of the epidemiology of intensive care unit (ICU)‐acquired AKI, including long‐term outcomes in patients who have experienced AKI [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CIN remains defined by changes in serum creatinine. (uscjournal.com)
Assay1
  • This assay does not contain TULV antigen, but the patient's serum showed strong IgG reactivity with Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV), Hantaan virus (HTNV), and Puumala virus (PUUV) antigens as well as strong band intensity on PUUV in the IgM assay. (cdc.gov)
Urea1
  • AKI is characterized by a sudden decrease in kidney function over a period of hours to days, resulting in accumulation of creatinine, urea, and other waste products. (biomedcentral.com)
Patients20
  • To investigate whether serum cystatin C is an independent predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) for patients without chronic kidney disease (CKD). (medscape.com)
  • Cystatin C-Guided Vancomycin Dosing in Critically Ill Patients: A Quality Improvement Project. (medscape.com)
  • Serum cystatin C predicts vancomycin trough levels better than serum creatinine in hospitalized patients: a cohort study. (medscape.com)
  • creatinine may not be a reliable measure of renal function in DMD patients. (nih.gov)
  • 17. A universal formula based on cystatin C to perform individual dosing of carboplatin in normal weight, underweight, and obese patients. (nih.gov)
  • However, estimating GFR using creatinine alone is imprecise and may lead to over-diagnosis in some patients," said Dr. Lesley Inker, a nephrologist at Tufts Medical Center in Boston and lead study author. (nih.gov)
  • Her team will collect blood and stool samples to look at shotgun sequencing of the gut microbiome, conduct analysis of serum and stool SCFAs as well as PTH and PTH fragment levels, an important indicator of mineral and bone disease in CKD patients. (kidneyfund.org)
  • Preoperative serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured to calculate the SI for patients with surgically treated HF (n = 130, mean age: 87.8 ± 6.9 years). (knoblauchpublishing.com)
  • Role of Cystatin C as A Novel Biomarker in Predicting the Incidence of Hepatorenal Syndrome in Liver Cirrhosis Patients with Normal Serum Creatinine Levels. (nheducatorresources.com)
  • As a result, serum cystatin C correlates more closely to GFR than serum creatinine, especially in patients with atypical muscle mass. (mayocliniclabs.com)
  • Combining a patient's coronary artery calcium score and their cystatin C level provides an incremental risk assessment of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and all-cause death, in patients symptomatic with chest pain according to the findings of a study by Chinese researchers. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
  • Coronary artery calcium and cystatin C for risk stratification of MACCEs and all-cause death in symptomatic patients. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
  • In fact, there is a suggestion that measurement of cystatin C should be used for the initial prediction of GFR of a patient and among critically ill patients, serum CC levels significantly outperforms serum creatinine for the detection of an impaired GFR . (hospitalhealthcare.com)
  • The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study is a prospective, longitudinal study of patients with CKD, in which repeated measures of serum creatinine and cystatin C, along with several other laboratory measures, were collected from each participant during annual clinical visits (3,7,12). (optimagiardinipensili.it)
  • Discussion buy depakote (divalproex) 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg tablets In this on evaluating cancer patients undergoing CT with the intravenous injection of low-osmolarity (non-ionic) iodinated set off, we observed an during the course ofall wax in serum creatinine and cystatin C values after discriminate administration. (upb.ro)
  • The typical serum creatinine is usually 0.5 to 0.6 mg/dL in patients with cirrhosis, which is well below the normal for the general population (1.2 mg/dL for women and 1.5 mg/dL for men). (abdominalkey.com)
  • Patients with liver disease of any cause, not just HCV or HBV, can have significant loss of GFR with a serum creatinine level within "the normal range" for the general population. (abdominalkey.com)
  • For this reason, all physicians managing patients with chronic hepatitis should be cautious in interpreting kidney function using serum creatinine and should consider monitoring kidney function with either a 24-hour creatinine clearance or an estimated GFR (eGFR). (abdominalkey.com)
  • The use of cystatin C to measure the GFR in place of the serum creatinine may be of value, especially in patients with cirrhosis, since it is not affected by muscle mass, bilirubin levels, gender, or age. (abdominalkey.com)
  • While creatinine-based formulas have overestimated GFR in cirrhotic patients, cystatin-C-based formulas have consistently underestimated the GFRs. (abdominalkey.com)
Urine output2
Unlike creatinine2
Marker of renal function2
  • Cystatin C (CyC) and serum creatinine (SCr) are used as marker of renal function. (hindawi.com)
  • Another potentially useful marker is Cystatin C (Cys-C) which is cysteine protease inhibitor produced at a constant rate by all nucleated cells and used as a sensitive marker of renal function. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
Predicts2
Freely filtered2
  • Cystatin C is freely filtered through the glomerulus and then reabsorbed and fully catabolized, without secretion or subsequent reabsorption into the circulation. (medscape.com)
  • Cystatin C is similar to creatinine in that it is produced at a constant rate and is freely filtered by the glomerulus. (mayocliniclabs.com)
Concentration2
  • The serum concentration of cystatin C remains unchanged with infections, inflammatory or neoplastic states, and is not affected by body mass, diet, or drugs. (geisingermedicallabs.com)
  • We know that the serum creatinine concentration results from the metabolism of creatine, which is a nitrogenous organic acid stored in muscles, which functions as an energy-providing catalyst. (abdominalkey.com)
BILIRUBIN1
Kidneys2
NHANES III2
  • Serum, plasma, and urine specimens were collected in the NHANES III (1988-1994) and in subsequent NHANES survey cycles 1999-present. (cdc.gov)
  • Weights will be provided by investigators to NCHS and will be adjusted by age, sex, race, and serum creatinine strata to match the original NHANES III design. (cdc.gov)
Standard deviation1
  • Mean (standard deviation) molybdenum-corrected urine cadmium , Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) eGFR and multi-variable cystatin C eGFR were 1.02 (0.65) ug/g creatinine, and 97.4 (19.2) and 112.0 (17.7) mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. (cdc.gov)
Adjustment4
Similar to creatinine1
Measurement of creatinine1
High serum1
  • Considering their pivotal association with obesity, this study has been designed to investigate the relationship between SNPs of TNF-α and IL-6 and their high serum lev- els in obesity. (biomedbiochem.com)
Endogenous1
  • [ 10-12 ] Thus, researchers have proposed cystatin C as a more reliable endogenous marker of early renal dysfunction. (medscape.com)
Levels7
  • Serum levels of cystatin C are considered to more reliably and consistently reflect kidney function compared with serum creatinine but testing for cystatin C remains much less available and used compared with creatinine. (medscape.com)
  • Raynaud explained that data on cystatin C levels had not been available because this marker is "virtually never assessed in transplant centers worldwide. (medscape.com)
  • As kidney function worsens, the creatinine and cystatin levels in the blood increase. (nih.gov)
  • Despite efforts to standardize serum creatinine measurement across all labs, GFR estimates remain relatively imprecise due to variation in creatinine levels that are not related to GFR, such as those affected by differences in muscle mass, malnutrition and other chronic illnesses. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we utilized R language to perform statistical analyses such as correlation, normality testing, ROC, and regression analysis on serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 between obese and control groups. (biomedbiochem.com)
  • The results of this study indicate that serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly correlated with obesity SNPs. (biomedbiochem.com)
  • Studies have introduced a modified CKD-EPI formula that incorporates both the serum creatinine and cystatin C levels together, and this has shown to be superior in estimating the GFR compared to either creatinine-based or cystatin-C-based formulas alone. (abdominalkey.com)
Biomarkers1
Assessment1
Proteinuria1
Novel marker1
  • AimsSerum cystatin C, a novel marker of kidney function, is reported to be superior to serum creatinine as a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease, but associations may vary across vascular beds.Methods and resultsA cross-sectional study of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in 3089 adult participants aged 40+ from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). (johnshopkins.edu)
Dysfunction2
Conclusions1
  • Cystatin C is showing potential as a marker for acute kidney damage in dogs, but more research needs to be done on a larger study population to be able to draw conclusions about the clinical relevance of the marker in urine and if it makes it possible to detect kidney injury at an earlier stage in dogs. (slu.se)
Estimating1
  • The group was initially created to review and address the problems related to serum creatinine measurement for estimating GFR, and to prepare recommendations to standardize and improve creatinine measurement. (nih.gov)
Outcomes1
Level1
  • 1. Multi-institutional validation study of carboplatin dosing formula using adjusted serum creatinine level. (nih.gov)
Prediction1
  • 2. Prediction of carboplatin clearance calculated by patient characteristics or 24-hour creatinine clearance: a comparison of the performance of three formulae. (nih.gov)
Rate1