Serotonergic neurons. Medical search. Frequent questions

The purpose of this study was to assess the duration of (+-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine's (MDMA's) effects on serotonin containing neurons in nonhuman primates. (erowid.org)
Serotonin-containing neurons in brain: depression of firing by monoami. (erowid.org)
Serotonin-containing neurons in rat brain: effects of microintophoreti. (erowid.org)

These results suggest that MDMA produces lasting effects on serotonergic neurons in nonhuman primates, with most brain regions showing evidence of persistent denervation and some showing signs of reinnervation (thalamus) or possibly even hyperinnervation (hypothalamus). (erowid.org)
It was for some time considered harmless, but neurotoxic effects on serotonergic neurons are now well documented. (erowid.org)

Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase maintains neuronal homeostasis during normal aging and systemically regulates longevity from serotonergic and GABAergic neurons. (rochester.edu)
The dorsal raphe contains diverse neurons, including serotonergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, important for regulation of mood and motivation. (helsinki.fi)

A unique subdivision of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus projects to the basolateral amygdala complex to enhance fear-conditioned behaviors. (atsbio.com)
In 2005 Abrams and colleagues determined that there were robust BLC projections that originate from the midline dorsal (DRD) and ventral (DRV) subdivisions of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), but it was not determined that they were serotonergic. (atsbio.com)
Pacemaker-like firing of raphe 5-HT neurons was proposed to be under unique 5-HT 1A receptor-mediated autoinhibition. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
Involvement of serotonergic neurons in thermogenic and wake-promoting effects of orexin-A delivery into the raphe pallidus in the rat. (unibo.it)
In particular, we are interested in the mechanisms by which transcription factors expressed in the post-mitotic neurons drive differentiation of molecularly, anatomically and functionally distinct subsets of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons. (helsinki.fi)
Haugas M, Tikker L, Achim K, Salminen M, Partanen J. Gata2 and Gata3 regulate the differentiation of serotonergic and glutamatergic neuron subtypes of the dorsal raphe. (helsinki.fi)

There are serotonergic receptors, including an inotropic receptor (5-HT3A), and different types of metabotropic receptors on inhibitory interneurons and pyramidal neurons in the cortex. (ac.ir)
We previously showed that 5-HT 2B receptors were expressed by 5-HT neurons together with 5-HT 1A receptors. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
However, functional consequences on 5-HT neurons of putative interaction between these receptors are unknown. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
Using co-immunoprecipitation, BRET, confocal and super-resolution microscopy in hippocampal and 5-HT neurons, we present converging evidence that 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 2B receptors can form heterodimers and co-cluster at the surface of dendrites. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
The functional impact of this interaction in-vivo was assessed by recording 5-HT neuron excitability from mice lacking 5-HT 2B receptors in 5-HT neurons. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
Upon 5-HT 1A receptor stimulation, the firing activity of 5-HT neurons was increased in the absence of 5-HT 2B receptors and decreased in their presence through regulation of SK channels, thus demonstrating functional output of this interaction in controlling 5-HT neuron firing activity. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
The finding of secretory vesicles in extrasynaptic sites of neurons, the presence of signaling molecules (namely transmitters or peptides) in the extracellular space outside synaptic clefts, and the mismatch between exocytosis sites and the location of receptors for these molecules in neurons and glial cells, have long suggested that in addition to synaptic communication, transmitters are released, and act extrasynaptically. (frontiersin.org)
neurons and the detection of these transmitters in the extracellular fluid in concentrations capable of activating their receptors suggest that the "classical" low molecular weight neurotransmitters previously thought to act exclusively on synapses, also participate in extrasynaptic communication. (frontiersin.org)
But serotonin also reacts with receptors on neurons that carry itch signals to the brain, making itching worse. (nih.gov)
There are many different types of serotonergic neurons with widespread projections throughout the brain and serotonin acts through many different receptors, which are often activated in concert to change the way that neural circuits work. (sciencedaily.com)
C. elegans has only 302 neurons (rather than billions) and only six serotonin receptors (rather than the 14 found in people). (sciencedaily.com)
For instance, they fluorescently tagged each receptor gene in each neuron across the brain so that they could see all the specific cells that expressed each receptor, providing a brain-wide map of where the serotonin receptors are located in C. elegans . (sciencedaily.com)
Activation of serotonergic receptors by 5-HT is known to inhibit hippocampal pyramidal neurons, which in turn is linked to cognitive impairment and cognitive dysfunction. (cdc.gov)
Besides a possible redundancy of the Fgf receptors in maintenance of ventral tissue, Fgfr1 alone is necessary for the generation of serotonergic neurons in the anterior hindbrain. (tnase.net)

Watabe-Uchida M, Zhu L, Ogawa SK, Vamanrao A, Uchida N. (2012) Whole-brain mapping of direct inputs to midbrain dopamine neurons. (harvard.edu)
However, a detailed analysis of the ventral mid-/hindbrain region in En1 Cre/+ Fgfr1 lox/lox mutants revealed caudal expansion of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and a loss of anterior serotonergic neurons (Jukkola et al. (tnase.net)
2006). Pitx3 and TH are genes that are expressed in midbrain dopaminergic neurons, whereas Pet1 and Sert are expressed in hindbrain serotonergic neurons. (tnase.net)
Caudal expansion of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and loss of anterior serotonergic neurons in the mutant animals suggest a role for Fgfr1 in establishment of anterior hindbrain identity. (tnase.net)
As we could demonstrate a role for Fgfr1 in the establishment of the anterior serotonergic neurons in the hindbrain, we wanted to find out whether Wnt1 has a similar function in the formation of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. (tnase.net)
Overexpression of Wnt1 in the mid-/hinbrain region led to ectopic development of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the ventral hindbrain.The figure to the left shows the expression of Wnt1 , Nurr1 , Pitx3 and TH in wildtype and Wnt1 overexpressing mice. (tnase.net)
2006). Therefore, Wnt1 is sufficient to induce midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the ventral hindbrain. (tnase.net)
Wnt1 , another secreted factor expressed in the developing mid-/hindbrain region, is sufficient for the induction of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midline of the hindbrain. (tnase.net)

This was done to not only verify loss of serotonergic neurons in DRN subdivisions, but also to specifically verify BLC projecting serotonergic neurons. (atsbio.com)

Maternal Immune Activation adversely affects the ontogeny of dopamine neurons. (edu.au)

Motor neurons receive signals from the brain and spinal cord to control everything from muscle contractions to glandular output. (wikipedia.org)
She will first examine the function of serotonergic inputs to spinal motor neurons during locomotor behavior. (nih.gov)
5. Enteric motor neurons form synaptic-like junctions with interstitial cells of Cajal in the canine gastric antrum. (nih.gov)
13. Relationship between interstitial cells of Cajal and enteric motor neurons in the murine proximal colon. (nih.gov)

Here we injected a saporin (SAP) toxin coupled to a serotonin transporter (SERT) into the BLC to selectively lesion local serotonergic fibers which replicated disrupted fear conditioning behaviors that was observed in the BLC 5,7DHT study. (atsbio.com)
Regardless of location, the SERT-SAP group had 72% to 74% less CtB/TPH-double immunoreactive neurons than control-SAP group. (atsbio.com)
Functional loss of SERT activity occurs when destruction of serotonergic innervation is greater than 90% but serotonin clearance and efficacy of fluvoxamine is maintained with as few as one fifth of a full complement of SERTs. (uthscsa.edu)
Conversely, the long-term effects of MDMA manifest as prolonged depletions in 5-HT, and reductions in 5-HT reuptake transporter (SERT), indicative of serotonergic neurotoxicity. (nih.gov)

Sensory neurons respond to stimuli such as touch, sound, or light that affect the cells of the sensory organs, and they send signals to the spinal cord or brain. (wikipedia.org)
In vertebrates, the majority of neurons belong to the central nervous system, but some reside in peripheral ganglia, and many sensory neurons are situated in sensory organs such as the retina and cochlea. (wikipedia.org)
The serotonergic system has projected mainly to the primary sensory regions. (ac.ir)
Serotonergic neurons affect areas of the cortex that are involved in processing sensory information, in addition to somatic sensation and vision. (ac.ir)
The literature demonstrates that the effect of serotonin in the cerebral cortex is to regulate cortical neurons' excitability during sensory gating, determining the threshold for synaptic changes related to activity and increasing the signal-to-noise ratio ( Tseng & Atzori, 2007 ). (ac.ir)
Despite the diversity of serotonergic modulation research on sensory processing, the more common effect is to reduce the gain of neuronal responses ( Jacob & Nienborg, 2018 ). (ac.ir)
Effect of econazole and benzydamine on sensory neurons in culture. (nih.gov)
Aerosolized particles deposited in nose and/or lung can reach the brain via retrograde transport across the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) or through the systemic circulation. (cdc.gov)
We then conducted in vivo electrophysiology recordings that suggest 5-HT fiber excitation alters the responsiveness of BA neurons to sensory stimuli during fear learning. (nih.gov)

Is it of impact to the field (preference to top ten journals: Nature Neuroscience, Neuron, Journal of Neuroscience, etc)? (bcm.edu)

In vivo and in vitro evaluation of serotonin function on cortical neurons has shown complicated patterns. (ac.ir)
and Uchida, N. (2013) Olfactory cortical neurons read out a relative time code in the olfactory bulb. (harvard.edu)

When multiple neurons are functionally connected together, they form what is called a neural circuit. (wikipedia.org)
This behavioral paradigm was recently combined with a multi-electrode recording technique (tetrodes) which allows us to monitor activity of multiple neurons simultaneously while animals are performing a behavioral task. (harvard.edu)

Dopaminergic neurons seem to be more sensitive to the loss of mortalin than other neuronal sub-types and non-neuronal tissues. (plos.org)

At the farthest tip of the axon's branches are axon terminals, where the neuron can transmit a signal across the synapse to another cell. (wikipedia.org)

This study employs immunocytochemistry to characterize the neurotoxic effects of these compounds upon monoaminergic neurons in the rat brain. (erowid.org)

These results suggest that R406W Tg mice exhibit changes in depression-related behavior involving serotonergic neurons and provide an animal model for investigating AD with depression. (nih.gov)
Serotonergic transcriptional programming determines maternal behavior and offspring survival. (nih.gov)
Pet-1 ETS gene plays a critical role in 5-HT neuron development and is required for normal anxiety-like and aggressive behavior. (nih.gov)
Additionally, Dr. Hoffman is developing a protocol for differentiation of human iPSCs into serotonergic neurons to study how these genetic differences may play a functional role in neural signaling and behavior. (nih.gov)

Motivated by evidence that noradrenergic neurons are differentially susceptible to disease and vary in sensitivity to certain toxicants, the Developmental Neurobiology Group uses intersectional genetic strategies in mice to uncover the developmental and genetic factors that may define this phenotypic diversity. (nih.gov)
These investigations combine cellular, molecular, behavioral and physiological approaches to provide insight into how genetic and environmental perturbation of distinct noradrenergic neuron subtypes early in development result in increased susceptibility to cognitive and affective disorders later in life. (nih.gov)
Brainstem noradrenergic neurons comprise a small population of cells that project to virtually all areas of the central nervous system. (nih.gov)
Interestingly, it has been observed that subpopulations of noradrenergic neurons are differentially susceptible to disease and certain environmental exposures. (nih.gov)
Duloxetine also has an effect on noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons and is believed to prevent pain signals from reaching the brain, thus reducing pain and making it an effective treatment for certain physical conditions [3] . (mentalhealth.com)

We have shown that the function of the transcription factors, required by embryonic precursors to adapt a serotonergic identity, is modified by transcriptional cofactors to promote differentiation of serotonergic neuron subtypes. (helsinki.fi)

Because serotonin affects circuit development in other brain regions, altering the developmental trajectory of serotonin neuron excitability and release could have many downstream consequences. (jneurosci.org)

We found that NPVF signaling and npvf -expressing neurons are both necessary and sufficient to promote sleep, that mature peptides derived from the NPVF preproprotein promote sleep in a synergistic manner, and that stimulation of npvf -expressing neurons induces neuronal activity levels consistent with normal sleep. (elifesciences.org)

800 million years ago, predecessors of neurons were the peptidergic secretory cells. (wikipedia.org)

Rostami S, Asgharzadeh Alvar A, Ghaderi P, Dargahi L, Safari M. Investigating the Serotonergic Modulation of Orientation Tuning of Neurons in Primary Visual Cortex of Anesthetized Mice. (ac.ir)
Under the mentorship of Dr. Jeremy Dasen, her work will elucidate the role of serotonergic modulation in the control of motor output within a behavioral context. (nih.gov)
To study the mechanisms of this modulation, we excited 5-HT fibers in ex vivo brain slices and recorded light-evoked postsynaptic potentials in BA neurons that were abolished by 5-HT or glutamate receptor antagonists. (nih.gov)

We review the evidence of exocytosis from extrasynaptic sites in the soma, dendrites, and axonal varicosities of central and peripheral neurons of vertebrates and invertebrates, with emphasis on somatic exocytosis, and how it contributes to signaling in the nervous system. (frontiersin.org)

Two weeks after MDMA treatment, monkeys showed profound reductions in all three serotonergic presynaptic markers. (erowid.org)
Neurons communicate with other cells via synapses - specialized connections that commonly use minute amounts of chemical neurotransmitters to pass the electric signal from the presynaptic neuron to the target cell through the synaptic gap. (wikipedia.org)

She will then define the cellular mechanisms by which neuromodulators act upon target neurons to mediate behavioral effects. (nih.gov)

By comparing the mechanisms of extrasynaptic exocytosis of different signaling molecules by various neuron types we show that it is a widespread mechanism for communication in the nervous system that uses certain common mechanisms, which are different from those of synaptic exocytosis but similar to those of exocytosis from excitable endocrine cells. (frontiersin.org)
The presence of synaptic and extrasynaptic exocytosis endows individual neurons with a wide variety of time- and space-dependent communication possibilities. (frontiersin.org)

Now, NIMH-supported researchers have demonstrated in mice - for the first time - that critical postpartum mothering behaviors and offspring survival also depend on proper functioning of serotonin-secreting neurons. (nih.gov)
Deneris and colleagues had previously shown that mice genetically engineered to lack a key gene expression factor called Pet-1 fail to properly develop serotonin neurons and as adults are usually highly aggressive and anxious. (nih.gov)
C-fos staining indicated the co-expressing neurons are preferentially recruited in fear-learned mice compared to context-control mice. (nih.gov)

Interneurons connect neurons to other neurons within the same region of the brain or spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)

Serotonin neurons at postnatal day 4 (P4) were hyperexcitable. (jneurosci.org)

20. Extensive projections of myenteric serotonergic neurons suggest they comprise the central processing unit in the colon. (nih.gov)

Collectively, our study provides new insight into serotonergic mechanisms in amygdala function and in emotional behaviors that are aberrant in psychiatric illnesses. (nih.gov)

Neurons are special cells which are made up of some structures that are common to all other eukaryotic cells such as the cell body (soma), a nucleus, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and other cellular components. (wikipedia.org)

These data elucidate the roles of serotonergic networks in the pathophysiology of fear, and especially focus on the origins of these pathways as a way to identify potential novel therapeutic targets. (atsbio.com)

Mouse mothers genetically bred to have impaired brain serotonin neurons failed to build proper nests and to keep their pups warm in huddles, resulting in their succumbing to exposure. (nih.gov)
Specifically, she will investigate the function of genetically defined serotonergic circuits in motor control. (nih.gov)

Amitriptyline inhibits the membrane pump mechanism responsible for uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in adrenergic and serotonergic neurons. (nih.gov)

Combining retrograde tracing with immunohistochemistry, we found a majority of DR neurons projecting to the BA co-express 5-HT and glutamate markers. (nih.gov)

Within a nervous system, a neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an electrically excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network. (wikipedia.org)
In most cases, neurons are generated by neural stem cells during brain development and childhood. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, behavioral experiments are necessary to test relevance of certain activity of neurons or hypothesis about "neural codes" obtained in neuronal recordings. (harvard.edu)

Elucidating how the brain's serotonergic network mediates diverse behavioral actions over both relatively short (minutes-hours) and long period of time (days-weeks) remains a major challenge for neuroscience. (nih.gov)

In each of these worms the team stimulated serotonin release from the NSM neuron to prompt slowing behaviors. (sciencedaily.com)

Neurons are the primary components of the nervous system, along with the glial cells that give them structural and metabolic support. (wikipedia.org)

The frequency of spontaneous inhibitory and excitatory events increased as neurons extended and refined their dendritic arbor. (jneurosci.org)

1. Relationship between enteric neurons and interstitial cells in the primate gastrointestinal tract. (nih.gov)
Moreover, all C. elegans neurons and their connections have been mapped out and its cells are accessible for genetic manipulation. (sciencedaily.com)

Most neurons receive signals via the dendrites and soma and send out signals down the axon. (wikipedia.org)
At the majority of synapses, signals cross from the axon of one neuron to a dendrite of another. (wikipedia.org)
Neurons are highly specialized for the processing and transmission of cellular signals. (wikipedia.org)

However, by 18 months, it was evident that recovery did not continue, as serotonergic deficits returned to the level of severity observed 2 weeks after MDMA treatment. (erowid.org)

There have been major challenges in rationally developing psychiatric drugs that target the serotonergic system," said Steve Flavell, associate professor in The Picower Institute and MIT's Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, and senior author of the study in Cell . (sciencedaily.com)

Neurons are typically classified into three types based on their function. (wikipedia.org)
We conclude that serotonin neuron structure and function change substantially during the first 3 weeks of life during which external stressors could potentially alter circuit formation. (jneurosci.org)

Anatomy76

Organisms19

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs95

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Health Care1

Serotonin contain3

Effects on serotonergic neurons2

GABAergic2

Raphe6

Receptors14

Midbrain8

Loss of serotonergic1

Dopamine neurons1

Motor neurons4

SERT4

Sensory9

Journal of Neuroscie1

Cortical neurons2

Multiple neurons2

Dopaminergic neurons1

Axon terminals1

Neurotoxic effects1

Behavior4

Noradrenergic5

Subtypes1

Excitability1

Neuronal activity1

Peptidergic1

Modulation3

Peripheral1

Presynaptic2

Mediate1

Synaptic2

Mice3

Interneurons1

Postnatal1

Projections1

Mechanisms1

Nucleus1

Elucidate1

Genetically2

Norepinephrine1

Immunohistochemistry1

Neural3

Behavioral1

Behaviors1

Glial1

Excitatory1

Cells2

Signals3

MDMA1

Brain1

Function2