• In a typical year, CDC performs whole genome sequencing on about 7,000 influenza viruses from original clinical samples collected through virologic surveillance. (cdc.gov)
  • Exploring genetic variation in the tomato ( Solanum section Lycopersicon) clade by whole-genome sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • Variant detection sensitivity and biases in whole genome and exome sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • Whole-genome sequence analysis reveals differences in population management and selection of European low-input pig breeds. (genomeweb.com)
  • Minogue said that BioInnovation's targeted sequencing panel would likely be an "interim solution" until the field moves toward whole-genome sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • While whole exome sequencing (WES) remains popular and effective as a method of genetically profiling different cancers, advances in sequencing technology has enabled an increasing number of whole-genome based studies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Compared to whole genome sequencing (WGS), exome sequencing covers only the 1% of the genome that is translated into protein, greatly reducing the technical burden of data collection and analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • performed the first whole-genome sequencing study on AML cells collected from a single patient. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we characterized the mtDNA methylation landscape in the prefrontal cortex of neurological healthy individuals (n=26) and patients with Parkinson's disease (n=27), using a combination of whole-genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) and bisulphite-independent methods. (sens.org)
  • Using Evolutionary Analyses to Refine Whole-Genome Sequence Match Criteria. (cdc.gov)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Nucleotide sequence of a gene cluster involved in entry of E colicins and single-stranded DNA of infecting filamentous bacteriophages into Escherichia coli. (duke.edu)
  • Mutations in fii or tolA of the fii-tolA-tolB gene cluster at 17 min on the Escherichia coli map render cells tolerant to high concentrations of the E colicins and do not allow the DNA of infecting single-stranded filamentous bacteriophages to enter the bacterial cytoplasm. (duke.edu)
  • This sequence predicts three open reading frames sequentially coding for proteins of 134, 230, and 142 amino acids, followed by the potential start of the tolA gene. (duke.edu)
  • Sequence analysis of mutant fii genes identified the 230-amino acid protein as the fii gene product. (duke.edu)
  • The protein products of this gene cluster play an important role in the transport of large molecules such as the E colicins and filamentous phage DNA into the bacterium. (duke.edu)
  • One hundred sixteen consecutive ovarian cancer patients seen for routine clinical care were examined for BRCA1, BRCA2, hMSH2, and hMLH1 gene mutations with use of the polymerase chain reaction, single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, and direct gene sequencing. (nih.gov)
  • Genome sequencing reveals the sequence of the nucleotides in a gene, like alphabet letters in words. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC and other public health laboratories around the world have been sequencing the gene segments of influenza viruses since the 1980s. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC contributes gene sequences to public databases, such as GenBank and the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID) , for use by researchers and public health scientists. (cdc.gov)
  • The native Gene 32 Protein from bacteriophage T4 (T4gp32) is a single-stranded DNA binding protein that is required for T4 DNA replication, recombination and repair. (qiagen.com)
  • The T4 Gene 32 Protein has exhibited an ability to enhance the performance of several DNA synthesis-related activities in secondary-structure rich regions, including PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. (qiagen.com)
  • The T4 Gene 32 Protein also stimulates the rate of synthesis of T4 DNA Polymerase on primed-single-stranded substrates showing a 5-10-fold increase in synthesis rate. (qiagen.com)
  • The T4 Gene 32 Protein is a single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein that has the function of stabilizing single-stranded regions of DNA. (qiagen.com)
  • The ability of T4 Gene 32 Protein to enhance the performance of several DNA synthesis-related activities is based on its essential function in the replication of bacteriophage T4. (qiagen.com)
  • DNA binding of single stranded DNA by T4 Gene 32 Protein was measured using a gel shift assay with a single-stranded, fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide. (qiagen.com)
  • CRISPR-based gene perturbation enables unbiased investigations of single and combinatorial genotype-to-phenotype associations. (nature.com)
  • Unlocking the secondary gene-pool of barley with next-generation sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • SigFuge: single gene clustering of RNA-seq reveals differential isoform usage among cancer samples. (genomeweb.com)
  • In addition, and importantly, sequence data can highlight changes in a gene that may cause disease. (genome.gov)
  • 14 Pokorny et al 15 studied three polymorphisms located inside or near the MLH1 gene, one of the DNA mismatch repair genes implicated in hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC), 16 in a cohort of IBD patients. (bmj.com)
  • ATRX can bind the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) sequence in the promoter region of the α-globin gene cluster. (jascoinc.com)
  • Scientists could potentially tweak proteins involved in the pathway to preferentially steer the outcome toward replacement with DNA, which is important for gene therapy for hereditary diseases. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Enzymes can stitch the dangling ends back together, which often results in one or more bases -- the building blocks of DNA -- being added or deleted, disrupting the function of the gene. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The retinoblastoma protein, Rb, is detected in extracts of monkey CV-1cells complexed with Pur alpha, a sequence-specific single-strandedDNA-binding protein implicated in control of gene transcription and DNAreplication. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Sequence of cDNA comprising the human pur gene and sequence-specificsingle-stranded-DNA-binding properties of the encoded protein. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • One assay that is commercially available is a line probe bound rpoB gene probes, including overlapping wildtype assay, a reverse-hybridization assay that detects mutations sequences (S1-S5) and 4 of the most frequent mutations in the rpoB gene (5-12). (cdc.gov)
  • A single-gene disorder (also called Mendelian disorder) is caused by a defect in one particular gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • But since there are many thousands of known single gene disorders, their combined impact is significant. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Single-gene disorders are characterized by how they are passed down in families. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutation analysis of the TBCE gene of this syndrome was shown to be due to Polymerase chain reaction/single-strand mutations in the TBCE gene in chromosom- conformation polymorphism analysis and al area 1q42-q43 [ 4,5 ]. (who.int)
  • This genomic technique selectively sequencings the parental template strands in single daughter cells DNA libraries. (wikipedia.org)
  • AAV type 2 wild-type and vector-mediated genomic integration profiles in human diploid fibroblasts analyzed by 3rd generation PacBio DNA sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral lymphocytes following standard procedures. (bmj.com)
  • To further investigate the genomic diversity among this group and to help characterize lineages of the plague organism that have no sequenced members, we present here the genomes of two isolates of the "classical" antiqua biovar, strains Antiqua and Nepal516. (asm.org)
  • Some viruses have an outer envelope consisting of protein and lipid, surrounding a protein capsid complex with genomic RNA or DNA and sometimes enzymes needed for the first steps of viral replication. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Negative-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded negative-sense genome that first must synthesize a complementary positive-sense antigenome, which is then used to make genomic negative-sense RNA. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Dr Kasuya Motomura amplification bias, we assessed genome secondary events reflecting progressive wide chromosomal imbalance by array genomic instability, a hallmark of CGH (Agilant 105K) in DNA from 2-5 glioblastomas. (who.int)
  • Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences that comprise around 50% of our genomic DNA. (lu.se)
  • Full genome sequencing can reveal the approximately 13,500-letter sequence of all the genes of the influenza virus' genome. (cdc.gov)
  • The sequences deposited into these databases allow CDC and other researchers to compare the genes of currently circulating influenza viruses with the genes of older influenza viruses and those used in vaccines. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, scientists can use sequence information to determine which stretches of DNA contain genes and which stretches carry regulatory instructions, turning genes on or off. (genome.gov)
  • Since the completion of the Human Genome Project, technological improvements and automation have increased speed and lowered costs to the point where individual genes can be sequenced routinely, and some labs can sequence well over 100,000 billion bases per year, and an entire genome can be sequenced for just a few thousand dollars. (genome.gov)
  • in each cell, as many as 25,000 different genes hold the formula - written in DNA - for every cell's function, whether it's a muscle cell, nerve cell, or a blood cell. (technologyreview.com)
  • Just as a pregnancy test will change color to indicate the presence of a particular hormone, the DNA spots on a microarray will glow to indicate the presence of specific genes. (technologyreview.com)
  • Researchers use microarrays to test samples of real DNA or RNA, to identify healthy as well as mutated genes, and to determine which genes are active in a cell. (technologyreview.com)
  • To find out which DNA repair enzymes are critical to homology-directed repair after CRISPR cutting, Richardson and Corn employed a technique called CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) to knock out, one at a time, more than 2,000 genes known or suspected to be involved in DNA repair, a function critical to a healthy cell. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The genome is composed of a positive single-stranded RNA of 11.5 kb in length, which contains two genes that encode four nonstructural (nsP1 to nsP4) and five structural (C, E3, E2, 6K, and E1) proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes necessary for the intramitochondrial synthesis of these 13 polypeptides. (medscape.com)
  • Each chromosome contains sections of DNA called genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The proposed mechanism is based on the knowledge that transcription of mtDNA is polycistronic, which means that all genes encoded on the heavy and light strands are transcribed as 2 large precursor RNA strands. (medscape.com)
  • Nucleotides are organic molecules that are building blocks of nucleic acids, such as RNA and DNA. (cdc.gov)
  • The capture oligomers contain sequences complementary to specific regions of the target molecules as well as a string of deoxyadenosine residues. (cdc.gov)
  • During the hybridization step, the sequence specific regions of the capture oligomers bind to specific regions of the target molecules. (cdc.gov)
  • The GEN-PROBE TMA reaction replicates a specific region of the small ribosomal subunit from trichomonas vaginalis via DNA and RNA intermediates and generates RNA amplicon molecules. (cdc.gov)
  • cytosine (C) always pairs with guanine (G). This pairing is the basis for the mechanism by which DNA molecules are copied when cells divide, and the pairing also underlies the methods by which most DNA sequencing experiments are done. (genome.gov)
  • The arrays were provided by chemical-engineering professor Anthony Guiseppi-Elie and doctoral candidate G. Scott Taylor, both from Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, VA. On each array were 16 dots, each containing a larger number of single-stranded DNA molecules aligned in upright positions, standing in rows like soldiers. (technologyreview.com)
  • To date, ssDNA elasticity has been studied with different methods in molecules of varying sequence and contour length. (arxiv.org)
  • We just need a few molecules [of DNA]," says Krogmeier. (technologyreview.com)
  • Single long molecules of DNA are then fed into a microfluidic chip, where hydrostatic pressure pulls them at a constant speed through a narrow channel. (technologyreview.com)
  • Bernstein says that the microfluidic channels could also be useful for looking at molecules besides DNA. (technologyreview.com)
  • In the study, the defined aptamer sequences bound to specific molecules with a high affinity, inducing a reversible three-dimensional conformational change from a relatively simple chain structure into a complex structure wrapping around targets. (tohoku.ac.jp)
  • These were the 5` flanking microsatellite D3S1768, the microsatellite D3S1611 located in intron 12, and the A/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in intron 14 (IVS14) at nucleotide position 1668-19, also analysed by Pokorny et al . (bmj.com)
  • Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was used to search for the IVS14 SNP. (bmj.com)
  • The ion occupancies derived from the MRD data are substantially higher than previously reported, suggesting that groove-bound ions significantly influence the energetics and structural polymorphism of DNA in vivo. (lu.se)
  • mean age 58 years) using single stranded conformation polymorphism and sequence analysis. (lu.se)
  • DNA binding ability was observed as a band shift in the apparent molecular weight of the oligonucleotide on the TBE-Urea gel. (qiagen.com)
  • Target amplification assays are based on the ability of complementary oligonucleotide primers to specifically anneal and allow enzymatic amplification of the target nucleic acid strands. (cdc.gov)
  • 20 The oligonucleotide sequences and PCR annealing temperature were according to Han et al . (bmj.com)
  • A single-stranded chemiluminescent DNA probe, which is complementary to a region of the target amplicon, is labeled with different acridinium ester molecule. (cdc.gov)
  • DNA sequencing determines the order of the four chemical building blocks - called "bases" - that make up the DNA molecule. (genome.gov)
  • CRISPR-Cas9 is revolutionary because of the precision with which it homes in on a specific DNA sequence out of billions in the genome and cleaves the double-stranded DNA molecule. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Thus researchers can predict, with reasonably good success, the shapes into which a DNA molecule of a given sequence will fold. (thebulletin.org)
  • Nanopore analysis of nucleic acids is a novel technique to study the physical properties of nucleic acids at the single-molecule level. (washington.edu)
  • Each run would cost about 8 to 9 thousand USD, thereby, de novo sequencing of mammalian genomes are in million dollar range. (wikidoc.org)
  • As of 2007, pyrosequencing is most commonly used for resequencing or sequencing of genomes for which the sequence of a close relative is already available. (wikidoc.org)
  • We compare all five currently sequenced Y. pestis genomes and the corresponding features in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis . (asm.org)
  • Genome sequencing is a process that determines the order, or sequence, of the nucleotides (i.e. (cdc.gov)
  • However, the desired nucleotides must be incorporated into a long DNA with complex secondary structure from which they would need to be cleaved as a second step. (nature.com)
  • Pyrosequencing is a method of DNA sequencing (determining the order of nucleotides in DNA) based on the "sequencing by synthesis" principle developed by Mostafa Ronaghi and Pål Nyrén (published in Analytical Biochemistry 1996 and Science 1998). (wikidoc.org)
  • Currently, a limitation of the method is that the lengths of individual reads of DNA sequence are in the neighborhood of 300-500 nucleotides, shorter than the 800-1000 obtainable with chain termination methods (e.g. (wikidoc.org)
  • Typically, a computer-controlled robot uses techniques borrowed from photolithography to create strands of synthetic DNA by linking nucleotides in the appropriate sequences. (technologyreview.com)
  • Next, free-floating nucleotides - the DNA letters A, C, T, and G - match up with their complements in the separated strands, yielding two identical copies of the original double helix. (technologyreview.com)
  • Pyrosequencing is a method of DNA sequencing that detects light emitted during the sequential addition of nucleotides during the synthesis of a complementary strand of DNA. (news-medical.net)
  • One of the four types of nucleotides that make up DNA are added to the wells, which begin to be incorporated onto the single-strand DNA template by DNA polymerase at the 3' end, releasing pyrophosphate.ATP sulfurylase then converts pyrophosphate to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the presence of adenosine 5' phosphosulfate. (news-medical.net)
  • For example, if three cytosine nucleotides are added sequentially to the same fragment of DNA, the light emitted will be three times more intense than fragments of DNA with only one cytosine nucleotide added. (news-medical.net)
  • If no light is emitted upon the addition of cytosine, then the next complimentary base in the single-strand DNA template must be one of the other three nucleotides. (news-medical.net)
  • It has a small (4500 nucleotides) genome that encoding four DNA helicases that are required for viral DNA replication and efficient packaging of single stranded DNA into virions. (utoledo.edu)
  • Currently, two types of combinatorial CRISPR screens are established: single and orthogonal. (nature.com)
  • Scientists discovered that a well-known DNA repair pathway, the Fanconi anemia pathway, surprisingly plays a key role in repairing double-strand DNA breaks created by CRISPR-Cas9. (sciencedaily.com)
  • And it could help researchers boost the efficiency with which cells insert new DNA into the genome -- to replace a harmful mutation with the correct DNA sequence, for example -- and generally tweak CRISPR-Cas9 editing to get the desired outcome. (sciencedaily.com)
  • MToolBox: a highly automated pipeline for heteroplasmy annotation and prioritization analysis of human mitochondrial variants in high-throughput sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • In addition, we propose a robust framework for methylation analysis of mtDNA from WGBS data, which is less prone to false-positive findings due to misalignment of nuclear mitochondrial pseudogene sequences. (sens.org)
  • Alternatively, diagnosis may be established by muscle biopsy with histochemistry and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis for major rearrangements. (medscape.com)
  • The mitochondrial genome is a 16569 base-pair closed circular loop of double-stranded DNA found in multiple copies within the mitochondrial matrix. (medscape.com)
  • Located within the mitochondrial matrix, and lacking the efficient repair mechanisms available to nuclear DNA, mtDNA has a relatively high rate of mutation. (medscape.com)
  • Kearns Sayre Syndrome (OMIM #530000) occurs as a result of large-scale single deletions (or rearrangements) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which are usually not inherited but occur spontaneously, probably at the germ-cell level or very early in embryonic development. (medscape.com)
  • Proteins are made of sequences of amino acids. (cdc.gov)
  • Improved yields and quality of templates may be achieved with the use of DNA-binding proteins in amplification and sequencing reactions. (qiagen.com)
  • This binding puts these ssDNA sequences into optimal conformations for interacting with DNA polymerases and other replication proteins. (qiagen.com)
  • Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins that form a pervasive family of proteins conserved in yeast, plants, and humans. (rcsb.org)
  • DNA/RNA-binding repeats in PUR-alpha/beta/gamma and in hypothetical proteins from spirochetes and the Bacteroides-Cytophaga-Flexibacter bacteria. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The larger Rep proteins, Rep78 and Rep68, assemble into stable, hexameric oligomers on specific secondary structures on the 3' and 5' termini of the single stranded viral DNA. (utoledo.edu)
  • The smaller replication proteins, Rep40 and Rep52, require ATP to bind DNA, show no sequence specificity in DNA binding and lack the N-terminal nuclease domains. (utoledo.edu)
  • Our studies are aimed at understanding how these proteins assemble on DNA structures and the specificity of their interaction with DNA. (utoledo.edu)
  • Once the provirus is integrated into the host cell DNA, it is transcribed using typical cellular mechanisms to produce viral proteins and genetic material. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Among 116 unselected ovarian cancer patients we identified a total of 13 germline mutations in 12 patients: 10 in BRCA1, one each in hMSH2 and hMLH1, and a single BRCA2 mutation, which occurred in a patient also carrying a BRCA1 mutation. (nih.gov)
  • Double-stranded exonuclease activity was determined in a 50 μL reaction containing a radiolabeled double-stranded DNA substrate and 10 μL of protein solution incubated for 4 hours at 37°C. (qiagen.com)
  • Double-stranded endonuclease activity was determined in a 50 μL reaction containing 0.5 μg of plasmid DNA and 10 μL of protein solution incubated for 4 hours at 37°C. (qiagen.com)
  • Improved performance of Pyrosequencing using single-stranded DNA-binding protein. (wikidoc.org)
  • We found 453 single nucleotide polymorphisms in protein-coding regions, which were used to assess the evolutionary relationships of these Y. pestis strains. (asm.org)
  • Purification and partial sequencing of the nuclear autoantigen RA33 shows that it is indistinguishable from the A2 protein of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex. (jci.org)
  • Sequence analysis of five tryptic peptides revealed that their sequences matched corresponding sequences of the A2 protein of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complex. (jci.org)
  • We find useful ranges of properties for DNA polymerase-based recorders, providing guidance for future protein engineering attempts. (mit.edu)
  • Retinoblastoma-binding protein 1 (RBBP1) is a tumor and leukemia suppressor that binds both methylated histone tails and DNA. (rcsb.org)
  • The DNA-binding residues are conserved in Tudor domains of the RBBP1 protein family, resulting in conservation of the DNA-binding function in the RBBP1 Tudor domains. (rcsb.org)
  • Pur-alpha is a highly conserved, sequence-specific DNA- and RNA-binding protein involved in diverse cellular and viral functions including transcription, replication, and cell growth. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Pur-alpha can influence viral interaction through functional associations, for example with the Tat protein and TAR RNA of HIV-1, and with large T-antigen and DNA regulatory regions of JC virus. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Association of human Pur alpha with the retinoblastoma protein, Rb,regulates binding to the single-stranded DNA Pur alpha recognitionelement. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Inthe absence of DNA, glutathione S-transferase-Pur alpha binds to p56RB, anNH2-terminal-truncated Rb protein purified from Escherichia coli,containing the T-antigen binding domain, to form multimeric complexes. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • We report here the cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encodinga protein with strong affinity for the PUR element. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • After 4 weeks of conversion, we performed global analyses of RNA and protein levels by RNA-sequencing and mass spectrometry. (lu.se)
  • It is also able to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertion-deletions or other sequence variations, in addition to being able to quantify DNA methylation and allele frequency. (news-medical.net)
  • In young children, single large-scale deletions may be detectable in blood. (medscape.com)
  • For the filovirus panel, the researchers identified conserved regions for probe hybridization that also contained viral sequence to differentiate the filovirus isolates. (genomeweb.com)
  • This caused the viral DNA strand to automatically fold into a predetermined, two-dimensional shape. (thebulletin.org)
  • This method can generate tens of billions of copies of a particular DNA fragment (the sequence of interest, DNA of interest, or target DNA) from a DNA extract (DNA template). (intechopen.com)
  • The investigators, headed by Professor Paula T. Hammond, at MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, and Department of Chemical Engineering, say the technology enables delivery of more than half a million copies of an siRNA to a cell in a single RNAi-microsponge. (genengnews.com)
  • When the MIT team analyzed their RNA-microsponges, they estimated that each spherical particle contained about half a million tandem copies of Dicer-cleavable RNA strands. (genengnews.com)
  • A technique that amplifies (copies) DNA or RNA segments, in Amplification (NAA) order to directly identify microorganisms in sputum specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • Gp32 binds transiently and cooperatively to ssDNA template sequences as these entities are exposed by the processive helicase operating within the replication complex. (qiagen.com)
  • ssDNA template is hybridized to a sequencing primer and incubated with the enzymes DNA polymerase , ATP sulfurylase , luciferase and apyrase , and with the substrates adenosine 5´ phosphosulfate (APS) and luciferin . (wikidoc.org)
  • Detection of the rRNA amplification product sequences is achieved using nucleic acid hybridization (HPA). (cdc.gov)
  • Such tests use a nucleic acid hybridization technique that is based on double-stranded complementary pairing of nucleic acids. (iso.org)
  • During replication, an enzyme unzips the DNA, separating it into two strands. (technologyreview.com)
  • Its principle is based on the use of DNA polymerase which is an in vitro replication of specific DNA sequences. (intechopen.com)
  • The human Pur factor binds strongly to a sequence element repeated withinzones of initiation of DNA replication in several eukaryotic cells. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Rep78 and Rep68 also have a site specific nuclease activity, residing in an N-terminal structure, that creates a priming site in the template for DNA replication. (utoledo.edu)
  • Classification of viruses is principally according to their genome sequence taking into consideration nature and structure of their genome and their method of replication, but not according to the diseases they cause (see International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), 2021 release ). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Certain single-strand, (+) sense RNA viruses termed retroviruses use a very different method of replication. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sanger sequencing). (wikidoc.org)
  • The method is limited to around 300-500 nucleotide base pairs, compared with the greater chain lengths of over 1000 base pairs achievable using Sanger sequencing. (news-medical.net)
  • HTBS recruits HIV reverse transcriptase, which nucleates DNA synthesis and is aided in elongation by murine leukemia reverse transcriptase. (nature.com)
  • In the DNA double helix, the four chemical bases always bond with the same partner to form "base pairs. (genome.gov)
  • With its double-helix design, DNA is like a long, twisted zipper. (technologyreview.com)
  • Since the discovery of the DNA double helix 65 years ago, researchers have developed a detailed understanding of this molecular-scale building material and its properties. (thebulletin.org)
  • Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. (bvsalud.org)
  • The field of DNA nanotechnology has harnessed the programmability of DNA base pairing to direct single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) to assemble into desired 3D structures. (nature.com)
  • Single-cell genome-wide bisulfite sequencing for assessing epigenetic heterogeneity. (genomeweb.com)
  • The algorithm also provides a solution to several critical problems with the molecular recording paradigm: determining recording start times and coping with DNA polymerase pausing. (mit.edu)
  • All influenza viruses consist of single-stranded RNA as opposed to dual-stranded DNA. (cdc.gov)
  • Rather than designing a single-strand DNA from scratch, he turned to naturally occurring, ready-made pieces of DNA: viruses. (thebulletin.org)
  • either DNA or RNA viruses may have single or double strands of genetic material. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Single-strand RNA viruses are further divided into those with (+) sense and (-) sense RNA. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Positive-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded RNA genome that can serve as messenger RNA (mRNA) that can be directly translated to produce an amino acid sequence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • DNA viruses typically replicate in the host cell nucleus, and RNA viruses typically replicate in the cytoplasm. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because RNA transcription does not involve the same error-checking mechanisms as DNA transcription, RNA viruses, particularly retroviruses, are particularly prone to mutation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • the genome of RNA viruses ranges from 3.5 kilobases (some retroviruses) to 27 kilobases (some reoviruses), and the genome of DNA viruses ranges from 5 kilobases (some parvoviruses) to 280 kilobases (some poxviruses). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Indeed, if the sequence of interest is present in the DNA extract, it is possible to selectively replicate it (we speak of amplification) in very large numbers. (intechopen.com)
  • NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) - Pathogen sequencing company Pathogenica has moved to Lausanne, Switzerland and rebranded itself as BioInnovation Solutions, Clinical Sequencing News has learned. (genomeweb.com)
  • The first cancer exomes were sequenced soon after the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2001. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many of these new technologies were developed with support from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Genome Technology Program and its Advanced DNA Sequencing Technology awards. (genome.gov)
  • One of NHGRI's goals is to promote new technologies that could eventually reduce the cost of sequencing a human genome of even higher quality than is possible today and for less than $1,000. (genome.gov)
  • The sequencing of the human genome revealed that at least 1% of the human genome consists of endogenous retroviral sequences, representing past encounters with retroviruses during the course of human evolution. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Long-range PCR in next-generation sequencing: comparison of six enzymes and evaluation on the MiSeq sequencer. (genomeweb.com)
  • Alternatively, other enzymes can patch the break with a single strand of DNA that matches the DNA sequence upstream and downstream of the cut. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The DNA fragments are incubated with DNA polymerase, ATP sulfurylase, and apyrase enzymes, and adenosine 5' phosphosulfate and luciferin substrates. (news-medical.net)
  • These RNA strands self assemble into incredibly dense crystalline microspheres, which resist degradation, are efficiently taken up into cells, and then are simply chopped up by the cell's own enzymes into vast numbers of active siRNAs. (genengnews.com)
  • Flashes of light from the labels are recorded like a bar code and compared with the U.S. Genomics database to identify the organism that the DNA came from. (technologyreview.com)
  • A bioterrorist trying to make anthrax or E. coli more deadly or more easily dispersed would often attempt to do so by adding long stretches of DNA from another organism. (technologyreview.com)
  • Finally, PCR is done to amplify the captured sequence. (genomeweb.com)
  • We can therefore amplify nucleotide sequences from infinitesimal amounts of DNA extract. (intechopen.com)
  • Past methods have been used to track the inheritance patterns of chromatids on a per-strand basis and elucidate the process of non-random segregation: Pulse-chase experiments have been used for determining the segregation patterns of chromosomes in addition to studying other time-dependent cellular processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The following methods concentrate on the DNA sequencing of a single daughter cell's DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our high quality reagents are available for every workflow, including popular DNA assembly methods such as NEBuilder ® HiFi DNA Assembly and NEBridge ® Golden Gate Assembly . (neb.com)
  • What new sequencing methods have been developed? (genome.gov)
  • The accurate knowledge of the elastic properties of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is key to characterize the thermodynamics of molecular reactions that are studied by force spectroscopy methods where DNA is mechanically unfolded. (arxiv.org)
  • The work presented in this thesis focuses on the bioinformatic methods for a TE-centric analysis of next- and third-generation sequencing technologies. (lu.se)
  • As the integration of NGS in the study and treatment of cancer continues to mature, we believe that the field of cancer genomics will need to move toward more complete 100% genome sequencing. (frontiersin.org)
  • First, this article summarizes the history of massively parallel next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the context of cancer genomics and reviews recent research and clinical applications. (frontiersin.org)
  • A microfluidic device being developed by U.S. Genomics and Draper Laboratory scans strands of DNA to quickly identify bacteria in a sample. (technologyreview.com)
  • Researchers at U.S. Genomics , in Woburn, MA, and Draper Laboratory , in Cambridge, MA, are working together to improve technology that allows for the sequencing and identification of bacteria and other pathogens without culturing. (technologyreview.com)
  • The version being developed by U.S. Genomics and Draper Laboratory uses a waveguide and nanoantennas to focus the light to a spot size much smaller than half its wavelength, giving far higher resolution and allowing the device to read shorter strands with greater accuracy. (technologyreview.com)
  • Sequencing of Enteric Bacteria: Library Preparation Procedure Matters for Accurate Identification and Characterization. (cdc.gov)
  • Nanopore Sequencing for Characterization of HIV-1 Recombinant Forms. (cdc.gov)
  • This protocol offers improved cytogenetic resolution, allowing researchers to observe single strands as opposed to whole chromatids with pulse-chase experiments. (wikipedia.org)
  • But now a new technique, invented by a team of researchers led by assistant professor Francesco Stellacci in MIT's Department of Materials Science and Engineering, could shorten microarray production time to mere hours and make DNA analysis as inexpensive and common as a blood test. (technologyreview.com)
  • Working out of two labs run by Stellacci in Building 13 on the third floor, the researchers started with master microarrays spotted with single strands of DNA and a solution containing those strands' complements. (technologyreview.com)
  • Researchers often supply a single-stranded piece of DNA and hope that the cell uses it to replace the faulty sequence with the new one. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In a seemingly unrelated area of technology, researchers are designing and building machines out of DNA-at a scale one thousand times smaller than a human hair. (thebulletin.org)
  • And because researchers were focused on designing structures from scratch, it was necessary to create purified DNA strands. (thebulletin.org)
  • To accomplish that, a team of Massachusetts researchers is developing a microfluidic chip that performs fast DNA sequencing to rapidly identify bacteria. (technologyreview.com)
  • The researchers don't read every single base on a strand of DNA, but they look for distinctive patterns of repetition of a single, very short sequence. (technologyreview.com)
  • The Marmoset Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium. (genomeweb.com)
  • According to its website, when run on the Ion Torrent PGM with the 316 chip, total turnaround time is between 12 and 12.5 hours, including 2.5 hours for library prep, a nine-hour sequencing run, and 30 minutes to 60 minutes for automated analysis. (genomeweb.com)
  • Pyrosequencing: a tool for DNA sequencing analysis. (wikidoc.org)
  • A new six-step technique could make DNA analysis as routine as a blood test. (technologyreview.com)
  • This technique relies on local storage of neural activity in strands of DNA, followed by offline analysis of that DNA. (mit.edu)
  • Its compact analysis chip is a step in this direction in that it can identify bacteria based on analysis of long strands of DNA that don't need to be extensively treated. (technologyreview.com)
  • Analysis with a seriesof mutated oligonucleotides defines a minimal single-stranded DNAPur-binding element. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The m.545 methylation was validated using a combination of methylation-sensitive DNA digestion and quantitative PCR analysis. (sens.org)
  • CO-FISH, or strand-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization, facilitates strand-specific targeting of DNA with fluorescently-tagged probes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using unidirectional probes that recognize major satellite regions, coupled to fluorescently labelled dyes, individual strands can be bound. (wikipedia.org)
  • The four bases that make up DNA-adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine-always pair up in the same way. (thebulletin.org)
  • It also made recommendations for the complete genome sequencing of all currently retained isolates in both repositories. (who.int)
  • no apparent DNA sequence specificity was detected. (rcsb.org)
  • A number of markers are now available to detect nuclear DNA polymorphisms. (intechopen.com)
  • At this point the chromosomes are composed of nascent strands with BrdU in place of thymidine and the original template strands are primed for DNA sequencing library preparation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The chromosomes are made up of strands of genetic information called DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 20 DNA fragments displaying abnormal SSCP patterns were sequenced. (bmj.com)
  • mtDNA is inherited almost exclusively through the maternal lineage, with only a single report of paternal inheritance. (medscape.com)
  • Single-cell DNA template strand sequencing, or Strand-seq, is a technique for the selective sequencing of a daughter cell's parental template strands. (wikipedia.org)
  • The discovery of DNA in 1953 enabled a new era in molecular biology, moving pathogen research forward from the morphological level to the molecular level. (iso.org)
  • Basically, technicians synthesize a single-stranded nucleic acid sequence complementary to the DNA or RNA of a specific pathogen as a probe. (iso.org)
  • The method of drug resistance in a new strain of bacteria can be determined by its genetic change compared to an ancestor, or epigenetic methylation of DNA in a cancer cell can be detected in order to determine the best course of treatment. (news-medical.net)
  • This long strand was then hybridized with short DNA strands containing the T7 promoter sequence, to form circular DNA. (genengnews.com)
  • The highest methylation levels (5.49 ± 0.97%) were found on CpG position m.545, located in the heavy-strand promoter 1 region. (sens.org)
  • 2007. Pyrosequencing AB was started to commercialize the machine and reagent for sequencing of short stretches of DNA. (wikidoc.org)
  • Genome sequencing of normal cells reveals developmental lineages and mutational processes. (genomeweb.com)
  • RNA or DNA) sequences of interest in organisms present in a clinical specimen. (cdc.gov)
  • Portable sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for clinical and epidemiological applications. (cdc.gov)
  • Most research on this topic involves observing the assortment of chromosomal template strands through many cell development cycles and correlating non-random assortment with particular cell fates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The R3H motif: a domain that binds single-stranded nucleic acids. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Theprotein binds preferentially to the purine-rich single strand of thiselement, PUR. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The construction technique first involved preparing long linear single-stranded DNA encoding complementary sequences of both the antisense and sense sequences of anti-luciferase siRNA. (genengnews.com)
  • The circle was closed using T4 DNA ligase, and the circular DNA then used to produce RNA transcripts by RCT, which encode both antisense and sense sequences of the anti-luciferase siRNA. (genengnews.com)
  • Essentially, the method allows sequencing of a single strand of DNA by synthesizing the complementary strand along it. (wikidoc.org)
  • It also has the potential to be a central component of a fundamentally new DNA sequencing methodology. (washington.edu)
  • Even different strains of the same kind of bacteria will have unique identifying patterns of a given short sequence. (technologyreview.com)
  • In the current incarnation of the company's DNA chips, the bar-code patterns are read at a resolution of 0.5 micrometers. (technologyreview.com)
  • In experiments used to study non-random chromosome assortment, stem cells are labeled or "pulsed" with a nucleotide analog that is incorporated in the replicated DNA strands. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although scientists can essentially perform thousands of experiments simultaneously on a single microarray, one device can cost upwards of $500 - and it can only be used once. (technologyreview.com)
  • Electrostatic interactions mediate the binding of the Tudor domain with DNA, which is consistent with NMR experiments performed at high salt concentration. (rcsb.org)
  • Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. (bvsalud.org)