• It is found in the core promoter regions of approximately 1% of human genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • HIF-1 is known to induce transcription of gene involved in energy metabolism, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and other genes whose protein products increase oxygen delivery or facilitate metabolic adaptation to hypoxia. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have learned that genes in mammalian cells are transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are to be translated into polypeptides (proteins). (intechopen.com)
  • Of the 31 genes, the 21 upregulated genes were primarily associated with cell paracrine and intracellular signaling, transcription regulation and cell adhesion and migration, and their transcriptional products included transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and transcriptional factor AP-2α/γ ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • By contrast, the 10 downregulated genes were primarily associated with epithelial membrane proteins ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Opposing actions of c-ets/PU.1 and c-myb protooncogene products in regulating the macrophage-specific promoters of the human and mouse colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (c-fms) genes. (musc.edu)
  • Human ELF-1, a transcription factor that appears to be required for the T- cell-receptor-mediated trans activation of HIV-2 genes. (expasy.org)
  • Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
  • Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • The normal versions of genes in the first group are called proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
  • The mutated or otherwise damaged versions of these genes are called oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
  • Numerous genes have been identified as proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
  • As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
  • Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that help cells grow. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • Driver events in pediatric malignancies can occur through loss of function in tumor suppressor genes or gain of function in proto-oncogenes. (medscape.com)
  • Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • Overexpression of ELF4 boosted CRC metastasis via transactivating its downstream target genes, fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) and SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase, SRC . (thno.org)
  • X-degenerate sequences are single copy and broadly expressed genes which were evolved from ancestral autosomes to generate sex chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of MSY genes in important cellular processes such as transcription regulation, translation, and protein stability in males is vital not only in sex determination but also in sex-dependent organ development [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite extensive studies on the effect of these genes on the development pathways, some MSY genes have remained as missing proteins with no experimental protein evidence due to highly transient and spatio-temporal restricted expression patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (about 21 nucleotides long) strands of non-coding RNA that regulate the expression of multiple genes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in plants, metazoans, and mammals, and are predicted to control the activity of 30% of all protein-coding genes [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mitogenic signaling by colony-stimulating factor 1 and ras is suppressed by the ets-2 DNA-binding domain and restored by myc overexpression. (musc.edu)
  • Overexpression of one ETS protein in particular, the epithelium-specific ETS factor ESE-1, is implicated in human mammary transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These genetic alterations often results in overexpression or activity of proto-oncogenes and inhibition of the function of tumor suppressor [1], [2].Therefore, understanding of the mechanisms by which the activity of both proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressors is usually altered in malignancy is usually crucially important both academically, and for development of new approaches to target malignancy cells for therapy. (researchassistantresume.com)
  • Galectin-1 knockdown reduced sorafenib resistance in Huh-7/SR cells, whereas Galectin-1 overexpression in Huh-7 cells increased sorafenib resistance. (aging-us.com)
  • Galectin-1 overexpression promoted the phosphorylation of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) and MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) signaling, which increased sorafenib resistance. (aging-us.com)
  • The overexpression of a membrane protein designated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a typical phenotypic marker of pleiotropic drug resistance. (ashpublications.org)
  • Identification of ETS-like transcription factor 4 as a novel androgen receptor target in prostate cancer cells. (nih.gov)
  • The carboxy-terminal catalytic domain of the GTPase-activating protein inhibits nuclear signal transduction and morphological transformation mediated by the CSF-1 receptor. (musc.edu)
  • However, whether Galectin-1 regulates receptor tyrosine kinases by sensitizing HCC to sorafenib remains unclear. (aging-us.com)
  • We examined a panel of prolactin-induced tumors for characteristics relevant to clinical tumors: histotype, ERα/progesterone receptor (PR) expression and estrogen responsiveness, Activating Protein 1 (AP-1) components, and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (Stat5), extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and AKT. (biomedcentral.com)
  • EGF-receptor and Notch signaling are antagonistic: EGF-receptor signaling leads to down-regulation of the Notch-like receptor LIN-12 , while LIN-12 signaling induces negative regulators of EGF-receptor signaling such as MAP kinase phosphatase LIP-1 and the tyrosine kinase ARK-1. (wormbook.org)
  • casein kinase 1 epsilon [Source:HGNC S. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • death associated protein kinase 1 [Sou. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Canonical Notch signaling activates the transcription of BMI1 proto‑oncogene polycomb ring finger, cyclin D1, CD44, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, hes family bHLH transcription factor 1, hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1, MYC, NOTCH3, RE1 silencing transcription factor and transcription factor 7 in a cellular context‑dependent manner, while non‑canonical Notch signaling activates NF‑κB and Rac family small GTPase 1. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Macrophage colony-stimulating factor promotes cell survival through Akt/protein kinase B. (musc.edu)
  • ets-2 is a target for an akt (Protein kinase B)/jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway in macrophages of motheaten-viable mutant mice. (musc.edu)
  • PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • A-kinase anchoring protein 13 [Sourc. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • see RTKRas/MAP kinase signaling ), LIN-12 (see LIN-12/Notch signaling in C. elegans ), and WNT (see Wnt signaling ), as well as the functions of the SynMuv and mediator proteins (see Transcriptional regulation ). (wormbook.org)
  • Genomatix predicted several promoters, but the best prediction was of a 1,223 bp long promoter that overlapped with exon 1 of C1orf198 by 82 bp. (wikipedia.org)
  • With a matrix score of 0.83, it containing the correct consensus sequence, and its location on the promoter being correct, the probability of this transcription factor actually binding to this promoter is high. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins of the TCF subfamily form a ternary complex by binding to the the serum response factor and the serum reponse element in the promoter of the c-fos proto-oncogene. (nih.gov)
  • Polymerase chain reaction deletion analysis of the murine TIMP-1 proximal promoter in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene constructs identified an AP-1 element (-59/-53) that allows maximal responsiveness to OSM in HepG2 cells. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Thus, OSM (but not IL-6) stimulates c-Fos, which participates in maximal activation of TIMP-1 transcription, likely in cooperation with other factors such as SP1 or as yet unidentified mechanisms involving the +1 to +47 region of the promoter. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Human ERF, a potent transcriptional repressor that binds to the HI element of the Ets-2 promoter. (expasy.org)
  • Furthermore, sequencing of the active CIP2A promoter region from altogether Narlaprevir seven normal and malignant cell types did not reveal any sequence alterations that would increase CIP2A expression specifically in malignancy cells. (researchassistantresume.com)
  • It might have an important polymorphic association at the promoter regions of several MMPs such as MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G), MMP-2 (-1306 C/T), MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A), MMP-9 (-1562 C/T) and TIMP-2 (-418 G/C or C/C). Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are naturally occurring inhibitors of MMPs, which inhibit the activity of MMPs and control the breakdown of ECM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Establishing the transcriptional programme for blood: the SCL stem cell enhancer is regulated by a multiprotein complex containing Ets and GATA factors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Transfection studies also showed that 3'-deletion of sequences downstream of the transcriptional start site (+1/+47) markedly reduced OSM -fold induction. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Transcriptional activation of a conserved sequence element by ras requires a nuclear factor distinct from c-fos or c-jun. (musc.edu)
  • FLI-1, a sequence specific transcriptional activator. (expasy.org)
  • PU.1 is probably a transcriptional activator that may be specifically involved in the differentiation or activation of macrophages or B cells. (expasy.org)
  • The ERG gene encodes for a protein, also called ERG, that functions as a transcriptional regulator. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • ESE-1 initiates transformation of MCF-12A cells via a non-transcriptional, cytoplasmic process that is mediated by a unique 40-amino acid serine and aspartic acid rich (SAR) subdomain, whereas, ESE-1's nuclear transcriptional property is required to maintain the transformed phenotype of MCF7, ZR-75-1 and T47D breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While previous publications have established ESE-1's transcription factor function, we have reported that ESE-1 initiates transformation of MECs via a novel non-nuclear, non-transcriptional mechanism [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A ubiquitously expressed sequence-specific transcriptional repressor that is normally the target of signaling by NOTCH PROTEINS. (harvard.edu)
  • family with sequence similarity 8 memb. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • The X-transposed region is a result of a recent X-to-Y transposition that has preserved 99% similarity to their X chromosome sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • E26 transformation-specific (ETS) Proto-oncogene 1 functions as an oncogene and plays a key role in the progression of certain cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3 and NOTCH4 are transmembrane receptors that transduce juxtacrine signals of the delta‑like canonical Notch ligand (DLL)1, DLL3, DLL4, jagged canonical Notch ligand (JAG)1 and JAG2. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These data highlight that ESE-1 contains NLS and NES signals that play a critical role in regulating its subcellular localization and function, and that an intact SAR domain mediates MEC transformation exclusively in the cytoplasm, via a novel nontranscriptional mechanism, whereby the SAR motif is accessible for ligand and/or protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1), an ETS transcription factor family member, acts as an oncogenic driver in hematological malignancies and promotes tumor growth in solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been linked to malignancy since its identification as an oncogenic fusion with the product of c-Myb proto-oncogene in the. (researchassistantresume.com)
  • Relative to the average human protein, C1orf198 is serine-rich, proline-rich, and tyrosine-poor. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD13/APN transcription is induced by RAS/MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of Ets-2 in activated endothelial cells. (musc.edu)
  • In most species where it has been sequenced, c-ets-1 exists in various isoforms generated by alternative splicing and differential phosphorylation. (expasy.org)
  • Different cancer types tend to depend on a limited number of 'driver' oncogene mutations. (cancerquest.org)
  • [ 1 ] Mutations found in pediatric malignancies can be categorized broadly into driver mutations and passenger mutations. (medscape.com)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is a cell surface protein primarily expressed by endothelial cells across the respiratory and digestive tracts. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • As a serine protease, it is involved in the cleaving peptide bonds of proteins that have serine as the nucleophilic amino acid within the active site. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • At cellular level, the trans-membrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) primes the spike protein of human coronaviruses and facilitates cell entry and infection. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • Serine protease inhibitors, or serpins, comprise a family of proteins that antagonize the activity of serine proteases. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • In this mechanism, the serpin presents a substrate-mimicking peptide sequence-the reactive center loop-to its target serine protease. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • A-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threoni. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Mammalian ELK-1, ELK-3 (also known as Net or SAP-2) and ELK-4 (also known as SRF accessory protein 1 (SAP-1)), which all form a ternary complex with the serum response factor (SRF). (expasy.org)
  • We used microarrays to detect gene expression changes in WT and TCF-1 deficient DN3 thymocytes as well as T cell lymphoma cells developed in TCF-1 KO mice. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Camostat mesilate is an inhibitor of TMPRSS2 and has been shown to be a potent antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and against SARS-CoV-1 in vivo (mice). (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • Characterization of SAP-1, a protein recruited by serum response factor to the c-fos serum response element. (nih.gov)
  • Among the ETS family members, Friend leukemia virus integration 1 ( FLI1 ) was first identified as a proto-oncogene activated by proviral integration in F-MuLV-induced erythroleukemias [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The proprotein convertase furin is a type I transmembrane protein that is ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic tissues and cells. (diaridelsestudiants.com)
  • Brix domain-containing proteins, such as Peter Pan (PPan), are essential for eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis. (silverchair.com)
  • In mouse, Spi-1 is an oncogene involved in murine acute friend erythroleukemia. (expasy.org)
  • It is widely recognized that the accumulation of various harmful genetic alterations in normal cells may induce malignant cancer cells ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, it has been demonstrated that genetic or epigenetic alterations may be responsible for the special features of CAFs ( Fig. 1 ) ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Our understanding of the landscape of pediatric cancer genomics has improved markedly in the past 20 years with the advent of next generation sequencing and other high throughput genetic sequencing. (medscape.com)
  • Stromal PTEN inhibits the expansion of mammary epithelial stem cells through Jagged-1. (musc.edu)
  • TCF-1 is an HMG family transcription factor which is known to be critical for T cell development. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40). (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • HCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosin. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Evolution of the ets gene family. (expasy.org)
  • The ETS family transcription factor ESE-1 is often overexpressed in human breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family memb. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • BICD family like cargo adaptor 1 [So. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp4. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Here, we investigated the function of E74-like factor 4 (ELF4), an ETS family member, in facilitating CRC progression. (thno.org)
  • A family of histone acetyltransferases that is structurally-related to CREB-BINDING PROTEIN and to E1A-ASSOCIATED P300 PROTEIN. (childrensmercy.org)
  • We found that PPan protein is localized in the nucleoli and mitochondria and that loss of PPan results in increased apoptosis. (silverchair.com)
  • ECM consists of proteins and polysaccharides distributed in many different tissues of the body. (biomedcentral.com)
  • these include the LIM domain protein LIN-11 , the Pax2/5/8 protein EGL-38 , the zinc finger protein LIN-29 , and the Nkx6.1/6.2 protein COG-1. (wormbook.org)
  • The biological role and underlying mechanism of action of zinc-finger protein 326 (ZNF326) in malignant tumors, including breast cancer, are still not clear. (cancerindex.org)
  • Ets-1 differs slightly from v-ets at its carboxy-terminal region. (expasy.org)
  • 2021). CYK-1/Formin activation in cortical RhoA signaling centers promotes organismal left-right symmetry breaking. (caltech.edu)
  • Drosophila protein pointed (pnt) which is required for glial-neuronal cell interactions. (expasy.org)
  • Finally, using a monoclonal antibody targeting the SAR domain, we demonstrate that the SAR domain contains a region accessible for protein - protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Galectin-1 modulates cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and plays a crucial role in HCC progression. (aging-us.com)
  • RB1 encodes the protein pRB and was the first tumor suppressor gene to be molecularly defined. (medscape.com)
  • Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) can be regulated by gp130 cytokines such as IL-6 and oncostatin M (OSM). (uea.ac.uk)
  • Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is usually a recently characterized human oncoprotein. (researchassistantresume.com)
  • Chromosome 1 open reading frame 198 (C1orf198) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C1orf198 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • C1orf198 is a protein-encoding gene found on the reverse strand of chromosome 1 at the locus 1q42. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the launch of the human proteome project (HPP), the association of Y chromosome proteins with pathological conditions has been increasingly explored. (biomedcentral.com)
  • About 95% of the Y chromosome is composed of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY), and the other 5% is two pseudoautosomal regions (PAR1 and PAR2) in two ends of this chromosome (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results also suggest that in addition to its established role in invasion and angiogenesis, ETS1 may support malignant cellular Narlaprevir growth via regulation of CIP2A expression and protein phosphatase 2A inhibition. (researchassistantresume.com)
  • However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the activation of this proto-oncogene in tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • C1orf198's longest isoform has a sequence length of 327 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins containing a region of conserved sequence, about 200 amino acids long, which encodes a particular sequence specific DNA binding domain (the T-box domain). (nih.gov)
  • It constitutes fibrous proteins such as collagen and elastin, elongated glycoproteins such as fibronectin and laminin, which provide cell matrix adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Liver cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm worldwide [ 1 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • TP53 encodes the protein p53, which is known as the "guardian of the genome. (medscape.com)
  • 2022) PEZO-1 and TRP-4 mechanosensors are involved in mating behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans . (caltech.edu)
  • Transcription profiling by high throughput sequencing revealed similar patterns of expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have derived two signature patterns for the ETS-domain. (expasy.org)
  • OSM stimulated a rapid and transient increase in c-Fos mRNA and nuclear protein that coincided with complex 2 formation. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Nuclear factors bound to SP1 and Ets sequences were detected, but were not altered upon OSM stimulation. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Non-nuclear oncogenes and the regulation of gene expression in transformed cells. (musc.edu)
  • V-ets and c-ets-1, its cellular progenitor, have been shown [ 1 ] to be nuclear DNA-binding proteins. (expasy.org)
  • BAF nuclear assembly factor 1 [Sourc. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • The RNA sequencing was used to explore the downstream targets of ELF4. (thno.org)
  • Additionally, DBC1 knockdown eliminated the up-regulation of MMP7, EMT-related proteins, and cell cycle-related proteins as well as the enhanced proliferation and invasiveness induced by ZNF326. (cancerindex.org)