Sequence gene rearrangement b lymphocyte light chain. Medical search. Frequent questions

As previously reported, 2 CDK6 overexpression can result from aberrant variable-diversity-joining (VDJ) or variable-joining (VJ) recombination, leading to the juxtaposition of the CDK6 gene with the Ig gene enhancer during B-cell differentiation. (ashpublications.org)
The process is mediated by recombination-activating genes (RAG1 and RAG2) and involves the introduction of double-strand breaks at specific recombination signal sequences (RSS) flanking the V, D, and J segments, followed by joining of the broken ends. (osmosis.org)
The three gene segments (variable, diversity, joining) which encode the variable domain (the VDJ region for the H chain, and the VJ region for the L chain) are capable of undergoing a process called recombination. (healthtipsdesk.com)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
This rearrangement process requires the recombination activating genes RAG1 and RAG2, which are controlled by IL-7 and perhaps other factors. (medscape.com)
In all five CLLs, the pattern of C mu DNA probe hybridization to the digested genomic DNAs was consistent with deletion of the C mu exon from the rearranged Ig gene locus, suggesting that these CLL B cells had undergone DNA switch recombination. (omicsdi.org)

The Raji cell line produces an unusual strain of Epstein-Barr virus, which both transforms cord blood lymphocytes and induces early antigens in the cells. (wikipedia.org)
T lymphocytes recognize and respond to foreign antigens by means of specific T cell receptors (TcR). (clinlabnavigator.com)
The human genome does not contain enough unique DNA sequences to code for the vast repertoire of receptors needed to recognize all of the foreign antigens a person is exposed to during their lifetime. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Sometimes T cell clonality can be inferred when the lymphocytes express a predominance of CD4 or CD8 antigens. (clinlabnavigator.com)
VDJ rearrangement is a process by which the genes responsible for encoding the variable region of the B-cell receptor and T-cell receptor are rearranged to create a diverse repertoire of receptors capable of recognizing a wide variety of antigens. (osmosis.org)
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)

Translocations between chromosomes 8 and 22 have occurred in all three variations of the Raji cell line, but some cells synthesize immunoglobulin M with light chains of the kappa type, in contrast to the usual concordance between a translocation involving chromosome 22 and lambda chain synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
The data also imply that in cells containing a translocation between the long arm of chromosome 8 and a chromosome bearing an immunoglobulin gene, alteration of cellular myc expression may occur regardless of the immunoglobulin gene that is expressed. (wikipedia.org)
TcR beta and gamma genes are located on chromosome 7 and TcR alpha and delta genes are located on chromosome 14. (clinlabnavigator.com)
The BOB.1, OBF.1, OCA-B (now called BOB.1 / OBF.1) is a 35 kD protein encoded by a gene located on chromosome 11q23.1. (samatashkhis.com)

L&H cells from lymphocyte predominant HL cases and centroblasts from lymphadenites were micromanipulated and analysed for AID expression by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. (bmj.com)
All the tumor samples were screened, where possible, by Southern blot, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), reverse-transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-RQ-PCR), and immunoblotting. (ashpublications.org)
If the lymph node cells were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess Ig heavy-chain rearrangements, what abnormal finding would you expect? (basicmedicalkey.com)
In 1990, Burke et al ( 3 ), first reported the association between EBV and gastric carcinoma with characteristic lymphoepithelioma-like histology based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. (spandidos-publications.com)

His works in Acquired immune system, Vertebrate, Gene rearrangement, Locus and Immunoglobulin heavy chain are all subjects of inquiry into Genetics. (research.com)
The t(7;14) involved the immunoglobulin heavy chain ( IgH ) locus in 14q32 and a transposon-like element located 29 kbp upstream of the CDK6 coding sequence. (ashpublications.org)
FISH and Southern blot analysis showed that an interesting common feature was that in all 3 cases the CDK6 gene was rearranged by reciprocal translocations involving either Ig κ, Ig λ, or IgH locus and not with only the Ig κ light chain locus as has previously been reported in other series. (ashpublications.org)

B cell receptors (BCR) of mature lymphoid malignancies are exceptional in that they harbor tumor-specific-stereotyped sequences in the form of point mutations that drive self-engagement of the BCR and autologous signaling. (bvsalud.org)
These isotype-switched CLL B cells expressed surface HLA-DR, CD19, CD23, and CD5, and displayed no alterations of the bcl-1 and bcl-2 oncogenes and the p53 tumor-suppressor gene. (omicsdi.org)
They also suggest that Ag may play a role in the clonal selection of some of these isotype-switched leukemic cells, but bcl-1 and bcl-2 oncogene rearrangements and p53 tumor suppressor gene mutation are not associated with the pathogenesis of isotype-switched CLLs. (omicsdi.org)
Ferrini S, Cambiaggi A, Cantoni C, Canevari S, Mezzanzanica D, Colnaghi MI and Moretta L: Targeting of T or NK lymphocytes against tumor cells by bispecific monoclonal antibodies: Role of different triggering molecules. (spandidos-publications.com)
Because of the suspicion of B cell lymphoma, a malignant tumor of cells of the B lymphocyte lineage, the surgeon elected to remove the entire lymph node. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Global CpG island hypermethylation, which induces epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, is also a unique feature of EBVaGC and is considered to be crucial for its carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Here, we use a BCR light chain neoepitope defined by a characteristic point mutation (IGLV3-21R110) for selective targeting of a poor-risk subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. (bvsalud.org)
And the antigen receptors for T cells and B cells have a lot of things in common, one of which is that they share the same mechanism - called VDJ rearrangement - to generate a massively diverse set of receptors. (osmosis.org)
VDJ stands for variability, diversity, and joining, respectively, and VDJ rearrangement has 4 key characteristics that help ensure that each antigen receptor is unique. (osmosis.org)
The immune system is comprised of various continuously circulating cells (T and B lymphocytes, and antigen-presenting cells present in various tissues). (healthtipsdesk.com)

These findings indicate either that translocation may occur as a separate event from immunoglobulin gene rearrangement or that the proposed hierarchical sequence of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements is not always adhered to. (wikipedia.org)
1 Chromosomal translocation leading to overexpression of the CDK6 gene, which is located in 7q21, has recently been described in splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL). (ashpublications.org)
The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)

1 Analysis of V gene rearrangements in single L&H cells revealed the presence of somatic mutations with intraclonal diversity in functional monoclonal V gene rearrangements, in line with a GC B cell origin. (bmj.com)
Detection of a TcR gene rearrangement indicates that a monoclonal population of T cells is present. (clinlabnavigator.com)

two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains connected by disulfide bonds . (wikipedia.org)
Disulfide interchange enzyme -- An enzyme that catalyzes the rearrangement of disulfide bonds within proteins during folding. (nih.gov)

7 Several studies analysing AID expression and mutation patterns in V gene rearrangements in various B cell non-HLs showed that, although somatic hypermutation activity is strictly dependent on AID, the expression of this protein does not necessarily indicate ongoing somatic hypermutation. (bmj.com)
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), also known as Bruton agammaglobulinemia, results from a mutation of the BTK gene, which encodes the pre-B-cell receptor (Pre-BCR) and BCR. (medscape.com)
Mutation of BCL-6 gene in normal B cells by the process of somatic hypermutation of Ig genes. (uchicago.edu)

Using single-cell transcriptomic analyses, we presented the molecular underpinning of increased myeloid output in the HSPC of DKO mice with gene signatures suggestive of dysregulated hematopoiesis, metabolic activities, and cell cycle stages. (bvsalud.org)
His primary areas of investigation include Genetics, Gene, Major histocompatibility complex, Molecular biology and Nurse shark. (research.com)
This gene encodes the iota polypeptide chain that is associated with the Ig-mu chain to form a molecular complex which is expressed on the surface of pre-B cells. (nih.gov)
Molecular analysis of the beta TcR gene rearrangements provides the most definitive assessment of T cell clonality. (clinlabnavigator.com)
This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
This review summarizes and integrates research on vitamin D and CD4 + T-lymphocyte biology to develop new mechanistic insights into the molecular etiology of autoimmune disease. (frontiersin.org)
A deep understanding of molecular mechanisms relevant to gene-environment interactions is needed to deliver etiology-based autoimmune disease prevention and treatment strategies. (frontiersin.org)

Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
When the heavy chain is produced, it is transported to the cell surface by the Ig-α (CD79a) and Ig-β (CD82) heterodimers or by the surrogate light chain. (medscape.com)
During the maturation of B cells, the cells first express a rearranged μ heavy chain gene, which associates with the surrogate light chain to produce the pre-B cell receptor (see Chapter 4 ). (basicmedicalkey.com)

The scientist's investigation covers issues in Acquired immune system, Nurse shark, Gene, Genetics and Major histocompatibility complex. (research.com)
The key cells of the adaptive immune response are the lymphocytes- the B and T cells . (osmosis.org)
The proposed Th1-Tr1 switch appears to bridge two stable, self-reinforcing immune states, pro- and anti-inflammatory, each with a characteristic gene regulatory network. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, TCR immune repertoire sequencing (IR-Seq) was used to monitor the profile of the TCRδ immune repertoire. (biomedcentral.com)
In TCRδ immune repertoire, the majority of V/J gene and V-J/V-D-J combination segments, barring individual exceptions, were similar between kidneys with CaOx formation and control kidneys. (biomedcentral.com)
These abnormalities result in significant alterations in gene expression related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and immune signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
Therefore comparative genomic analysis of T . equi was undertaken to: 1) identify genes contributing to immune evasion and persistence in equid hosts, 2) identify genes involved in PBMC infection biology and 3) define the phylogenetic position of T . equi relative to sequenced apicomplexan parasites. (biomedcentral.com)

Evidence for CD4 + T-cell involvement in autoimmune disease pathogenesis and for paracrine calcitriol signaling to CD4 + T lymphocytes is summarized to support the thesis that calcitriol is sunlight's main protective signal transducer in autoimmune disease risk. (frontiersin.org)
Gene-environment interactions, sunlight and vitamin D, and T lymphocytes as autoimmune disease initiators and vitamin D targets are discussed to explain the rationale for reviewing vitamin D mechanisms in T cells. (frontiersin.org)

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed selectively at the early stages of B cell development, namely, in proB and early preB cells. (nih.gov)
Accordingly, once rearrangement of the Ig genes has taken place, the corresponding protein will be expressed as a surface receptor. (healthtipsdesk.com)
In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Some eight years later it was discovered that triplets of the base pairs specified each amino acid in the polypeptide chain of each protein [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for C-C type chemokines. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
BOB.1 from "B cell binding Octamer protein 1 "is a specific coactivator of transcription factors Oct-1 and Oct-2 of B lymphocytes. (samatashkhis.com)

CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knock-out of VPREB1 gene induces a cytotoxic effect in myeloma cells. (nih.gov)

The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)

Raji cells were derived from the B-lymphocytes of an 11-year-old Nigerian Burkitt lymphoma male patient in 1963 by R.J.V. Pulvertaft and was further worked on by B.O. Osunkoya (University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria). (wikipedia.org)
The lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) originate from germinal centre B cells and carry mutated V gene rearrangements, usually with intraclonal diversity. (bmj.com)
The lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells of lymphocyte predominant HL express B cell markers and also the germinal centre (GC) marker BCL6, indicating that they are derived from GC B cells. (bmj.com)
Intraclonal diversity in V gene rearrangements as a result of active somatic hypermutation is a typical feature of GC B cells. (bmj.com)
11 To clarify this issue for lymphocyte predominant HL we quantitatively examined the expression of AID in the L&H cells of six patients with lymphocyte predominant HL at the transcription level, because suitable antibodies for immunohistochemistry are not yet available. (bmj.com)
We develop murine and humanized CAR constructs expressed in T cells from healthy donors and CLL patients that eradicate IGLV3-21R110 expressing cell lines and primary CLL cells, but neither cells expressing the non-pathogenic IGLV3-21G110 light chain nor polyclonal healthy B cells. (bvsalud.org)
All malignant cells contain an identical gene rearrangement pattern that is easily identifiable by Southern blot analysis. (clinlabnavigator.com)
In contrast, a polyclonal proliferation of lymphocytes is due to division of millions of different B and T cells, each containing a different set of gene rearrangements. (clinlabnavigator.com)
We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)
They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation. (lookformedical.com)
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. (lookformedical.com)
A classification of B-lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (lookformedical.com)
An estimated 90% of patients with early-onset agammaglobulinemia and absence of B cells have abnormalities in the Btk gene (ie, Bruton agammaglobulinemia or XLA). (medscape.com)
These cells develop into late pro-B cells in which rearrangement of the heavy chain genes occurs. (medscape.com)
Dr. Roth noted that HL is challenging to sequence by standard methods because Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells represent less than 1% of the cellular infiltrate. (friendsofcancerresearch.org)
Whole-exome sequencing of HRS cells show loss of beta-2 microglobulin and MHC-1 expression, HLA-B, NF-kappaB signaling, and JAK-STAT signaling, according to data published in Blood Advances in 2019. (friendsofcancerresearch.org)
γδT cells, consisting of a gamma (γ) and delta (δ) T cell receptor (TCR) chain, are primarily CD4 − /CD8 − negative T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The immunoglobulin (Ig) variable region (V) genes expressed by IgM chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells display little or no somatic mutations. (omicsdi.org)
The cDNA VH-D-JH gene sequence was joined with that of the C alpha gene in the B cells of the three IgA CLLs, and with that of the C gamma gene in the IgG CLL B cells. (omicsdi.org)
In the IgA/IgG-coexpressing CLL B cells, identical VH-D-JH cDNA sequences were spliced to either C alpha or C gamma genes. (omicsdi.org)
These findings suggest that IgA- and/or IgG-expressing CLLs represent, in their VH gene structure, transformants of B cells at different stages of ontogeny. (omicsdi.org)
To test the hypothesis that in vivo isotype class switching occurs in IgM+ B-type CLL cells, we analyzed the PBMC of 19 CLL patients for the presence of transcripts encoding the rearranged CLL V(H)DJ(H) associated with either gamma or alpha H chains. (omicsdi.org)
Lack of intraclonal diversification in Ig heavy and light chain V region genes expressed by CD5+IgM+ chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells: a multiple time point analysis. (omicsdi.org)
Asano R, Kuroki Y, Honma S, Akabane M, Watanabe S, Mayuzumi S, Hiyamuta S, Kumagai I and Sode K: Comprehensive study of domain rearrangements of single-chain bispecific antibodies to determine the best combination of configurations and microbial host cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Examination of smears prepared from aspirated cells revealed mainly small, irregular lymphocytes. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Flow cytometric evaluation of these cells showed a 10-fold excess of B cells expressing λ immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain compared with B cells expressing κ Ig light chain. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Flow cytometric analysis of these cells showed a predominant population of B cells expressing IgM, λ light chain, CD10, and CD20, and immunohistochemical stains performed on slides showed strong cytoplasmic staining for BCL-2. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Why does the presence of a B cell population in which a large majority of the cells express λ light chain indicate a neoplasm rather than a response to an infection? (basicmedicalkey.com)
Lymphocytes, B and T cells, can respond selectively to thousands of non-self materials. (lu.se)

Marked overexpression of CDK6 was observed in all 3 patients with CDK6 rearrangement compared with normal peripheral blood lymphocytes and with B-CLL without CDK6 involvement ( Figure 1 ). (ashpublications.org)
A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other nonlymphoid sites. (lookformedical.com)

The specificity of an antibody is determined by the amino acid sequence of the variable domains of the H and L chains, and this sequence is unique for each corresponding cell clone. (healthtipsdesk.com)
Schematic structure of an antibody: two heavy chains (blue, yellow) and the two light chains (green, pink). (wikipedia.org)

The diversity of T-cell receptors is also achieved by means of genetic rearrangement of V, D, and J segments. (healthtipsdesk.com)
The sequence of base pairs in DNA/RNA is thus the universal genetic code in all forms of life that descended from a common progenitor 4.5 billion years ago. (biomedcentral.com)
HHV8 infection drives this sequence of events, most likely combined with other genetic alterations. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Cistron -- A basic unit of hereditary material, it is the smallest genetic unit that must be intact to function as a transmitter of genetic information, i.e., to determine the sequence of amino acids of one polypeptide chain. (nih.gov)
Reduced levels of MBL and genetic polymorphisms in the MBL gene were found in women with RVVC. (paperzz.com)
Genetic sequences of the bases are read in groups of three (called a triplet), with a possibility of 64 configurations or "words" in which to code information. (cdc.gov)
Recognition of a single-gene disorder as causal for a patient's 'multiple sclerosis-like' phenotype is critically important for accurate direction of patient management, and evokes broader genetic counselling implications for affected families. (medscape.com)

A maturing T cell undergoes VDJ rearrangement . (osmosis.org)

Both kappa genes and one lambda gene are rearranged. (wikipedia.org)

Indeed, for sever- with histopathological findings and ulin heavy chain promoter/enhancer. (who.int)

It is unclear whether intraclonal V gene diversification by somatic hypermutation, which is strictly dependent on the enzyme activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID), is restricted to the early phase of lymphoma clone expansion and later silenced, or whether it remains active throughout malignant proliferation. (bmj.com)
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is subdivided into classic forms and lymphocyte predominant HL. (bmj.com)
TcR gene rearrangements are useful in the diagnosis of T cell malignancies such as T cell ALL and lymphoblastic lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, T cell PLL/CLL, and adult T cell leukemia. (clinlabnavigator.com)

the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
High-throughput sequencing (NGS/HTS) now enables the deep sequencing of a lymphoid population with dedicated sequencing methods and software, called either Rep-Seq or AIRR-Seq . (vidjil.org)

His Nurse shark research incorporates themes from Somatic hypermutation, J chain, Exon, Sequence analysis and T-cell receptor. (research.com)
B lymphocytes of xeroderma pigmentosum or Cockayne syndrome patients with inherited defects in nucleotide excision repair are fully capable of somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes. (uchicago.edu)

gene which encodes -(1,3)-galactosyltransferase activity (GT31 family) for AGPs, resulted in abnormal primexine development (Suzuki et al. (exposed-skin-care.net)

T lineage disorders lack a phenotypic marker of clonality like the kappa and lambda light chain restriction in B lineage disorders. (clinlabnavigator.com)
On 1 March 2021, this lineage accounted for 5% of all current sequences globally, and 100% of those identified in South Africa. (nature.com)

For patients with or without cancer (as defined in the policy), established standard-of-care MRD tests using single-gene PCR (i.e. (codemap.com)
No single gene rearrangement predominates and none are detectable by Southern blot. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Several single gene disorders share clinical and radiologic characteristics with multiple sclerosis and have the potential to be overlooked in the differential diagnostic evaluation of both adult and paediatric patients with multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)
Here we review single gene disorders that have the potential to mimic multiple sclerosis, provide an overview of clinical and investigational characteristics of each disorder, and present guidelines for when clinicians should suspect an underlying heritable disorder that requires diagnostic confirmation in a patient with a definite or probable diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)

The 2016 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines also recommend the use of serum free light chain assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for del 13, del 17p13, t(4;14), t(11;14), 1q21 amplification as part of the initial diagnostic workup. (medscape.com)

Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
Furthermore, post-transcriptional gene expression regulation by cellular and/or EBV-derived microRNAs has attracted considerable attention. (spandidos-publications.com)
Furthermore, we discuss recent findings on EBV associated gastric carcinogenesis by focusing on the roles of latent genes, epigenetic abnormalities, genomic alterations, and post-transcriptional regulation by cellular and viral microRNAs (miRNAs). (spandidos-publications.com)

To overcome this limitation, TcR genes undergo a complex series of DNA rearrangements to produce more than one billion unique receptors. (clinlabnavigator.com)
It detects gene rearrangements from both immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors, as well as some incomplete or uncommon rearrangements . (vidjil.org)

A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin. (lookformedical.com)

As of 1 March 2021, N501Y is present globally in 77% of currently sequenced samples 3 . (nature.com)
The third variant of concern, P.1 (formerly B.1.1.28.1) is characterized by K417T, in addition to E484K and N501Y, and accounted for 80% of all viruses sequenced in Brazil on 1 March 2021. (nature.com)
2021). Out of the 25 known glycosyltransferases (GTs) involved in the synthesis of type-II AGs, eight hydroxyproline-genes. (exposed-skin-care.net)

containing a basic amino group, an acidic carboxyl group, and a side chain attached to an alpha carbon atom, and that link together by peptide bonds to form proteins, or that function as chemical messengers and as intermediates in metabolism. (nih.gov)

In all other class-switched CLLs, the Ig VH segment gene was mutated, but the point mutations were not associated with intraclonal diversification. (omicsdi.org)
The occurrence of switching without the accumulation of V gene mutations indicates that the processes of differentiation and diversification are not linked. (omicsdi.org)

Clathrin light chain diversity regulates membrane deformation in vitro and synaptic vesicle formation in vivo. (academictree.org)
During VDJ rearrangement, DNA segments called V (variable), D (diversity), and J (joining) are rearranged to form the coding sequence for the receptor variable region. (osmosis.org)
How has nature gone about the task of producing the needed diversity of specific amino acid sequences within a biochemically economic framework? (healthtipsdesk.com)
V(D)J recombinations in lymphocytes are essential for immunological diversity. (vidjil.org)

Previous studies have shown that some EBV latent genes have oncogenic properties. (spandidos-publications.com)

This gene and seven other chemokine receptor genes form a chemokine receptor gene cluster on the chromosomal region 3p21. (cancerindex.org)
The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)

Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)

His Gene rearrangement, Immunoglobulin superfamily, Genome, Transposable element and Xenopus study are his primary interests in Genetics. (research.com)
Indeed, a number of genes identified as potential manipulators of the host cell phenotype are absent from the T . equi genome. (biomedcentral.com)

and fourth, there's random reassortment of two chains - meaning that this process involves two different chains that come together to make the receptor. (osmosis.org)
Progression from this late pro-B-cell to the pre-B-cell stage involves the rearrangement and joining of the various segments of the heavy chain genes. (medscape.com)

Moreover, an understanding of the pathogenesis of primary immunodeficiencies has paved the way for immunologic interventions and new treatments, such as immunoglobulin G (IgG) replacement, bone marrow transplantation , and gene therapy. (medscape.com)
Therapies for these disorders (eg, intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG], bone marrow transplantation, gene therapy) are very costly and require highly advanced facilities. (medscape.com)

Just like antibodies, the B cell receptor has a heavy chain and a light chain. (osmosis.org)
The five corresponding immunoglobulin classes are designated as IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA, or IgE, depending on which type of heavy chain they use. (healthtipsdesk.com)
Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement begins with heavy-chain gene rearrangement followed by light-chain gene rearrangement. (medscape.com)

Comparative genomic analysis of T . equi revealed the phylogenetic positioning relative to seven apicomplexan parasites using deduced amino acid sequences from 150 genes placed it as a sister taxon to Theileria spp . (biomedcentral.com)

Misalignment of V and J gene segments resulting in a nonfunctional immunoglobulin gene. (uchicago.edu)

Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation. (lookformedical.com)

Cloning of a gamma 2b gene encoding anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa H chains and its introduction into the germ line of mice. (uchicago.edu)

The AID transcription level was higher than background in three of the six lymphocyte predominant HL cases, although it was lower than that seen in centroblasts. (bmj.com)
Lymph node biopsies of six patients with lymphocyte predominant HL and three with non-specific lymphadenitis were analysed. (bmj.com)

B lymphocytes, named after their site of origin in the bursa of Fabricius in birds or in the bone marrow in humans, form the basis for humoral immunity by their production of immunoglobulins. (medscape.com)
Physical linkage of the constant region genes for immunoglobulins lambda I and lambda III. (uchicago.edu)

tures and gene expression patterns. (lu.se)
The order and orientation of mouse lambda-genes explain lambda-rearrangement patterns. (uchicago.edu)

To analyze CDK6 involvement in B-CLL, we have examined the status of the CDK6 gene in bone marrow or blood samples from a further 8 adult patients with B-CLL carrying cytogenetic abnormalities (deletions, duplications, or translocations) involving bands 7q21 to 7q22 (1.5% of our B-CLL series). (ashpublications.org)
In addition, our findings demonstrate the involvement of the CDK6 gene in B-CLL, underlying that those abnormalities are not restricted to SMZL. (ashpublications.org)

Genotype -- The specific allelic composition of a cell, either of the entire cell or more commonly for a certain gene or a set of genes. (nih.gov)

It is extremely fast because, in the first phase, no alignment is performed with database germline sequences. (vidjil.org)

Through this process, Anfinsen could analyze the fragments of the three-dimensional amino acid chain. (nih.gov)

His study in Major histocompatibility complex is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Evolutionary biology, Gene duplication, Lymphocyte and Proteasome. (research.com)
This review highlights recent advances in vitamin D and T-lymphocyte biology in an effort to harness vitamin D's potential to reduce the impact of autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)

Located predominantly in cell nuclei, it is composed of two chains of nucleotides--deoxyribose and phosphate backbones with side chains of purine (adenine or guanine) or pyrimidine (cytosine and thymine) bases projecting inward. (nih.gov)

2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. (stanford.edu)
A gene expression array showed significantly increased expression of CCR3, a receptor of eotaxin-3, in PC-3. (cancerindex.org)
Interaction with transcription factor OCT2 octamer ATGCAAAT nucleotides is critical and decisive for the expression of immunoglobulin genes. (samatashkhis.com)

His Nurse shark research integrates issues from Peptide sequence and T-cell receptor. (research.com)
The complex is thought to regulate Ig gene rearrangements in the early steps of B-cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
Mutational Analysis of the VPREB1 Gene of Pre-BCR Complex in a Cohort of Sporadic Pediatric Patients With B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. (nih.gov)
Beta genes rearrange in the early thymocyte of stage of T cell development. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Both rearrangements occur before the CD3-TcR complex is expressed on the cell surface. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Early stages of B-cell differentiation can be identified by the status of the immunoglobulin genes and by the cell surface markers CD34, CD19, and surface immunoglobulin (sIg). (medscape.com)
Genes required for B cell development. (medscape.com)
The completion of rearrangement of the light and heavy chains and the presence of surface IgM results in the immature B cell, which then leaves the bone marrow. (medscape.com)
T . equi has lost the putative genes for host cell transformation, or the genes were acquired by T . parva and T . annulata after divergence from T . equi . (biomedcentral.com)
Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)

somewhat similar sequences of about 110 amino acids each. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy36

Organisms10

Diseases31

Chemicals and Drugs81

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Recombination6

Antigens6

Chromosome4

Polymerase chain re4

Locus3

Tumor6

Antigen4

Translocation3

Monoclonal2

Disulfide bonds2

Mutation3

Molecular7

Surrogate light3

Immune7

Autoimmune disease2

Protein8

Induces1

Follicular center1

Cells32

Peripheral2

Antibody2

Genetic7

Undergoes1

Kappa genes1

Enhancer1

Lymphoma3

Lymphoid3

Somatic2

Encodes1

Lineage2

Single-gene4

Assay1

Cellular3

Receptors2

Stages of differentiation1

20213

Proteins1

Diversification2

Diversity4

Oncogenic1

Chromosomal2

Datasets1

Genome2

Involves2

Bone marrow transpla2

Heavy chain3

Genomic1

Immunoglobulin gene1

Malignant1

Germ-line1

Predominant2

Immunoglobulins2

Patterns2

Abnormalities2

Genotype1

Germline1

Analyze1

Biology2

Cytosine1

Expression3

Cell10

Amino acids1