• Neurons in higher processing areas of the brain (e.g., in primary visual cortex) have been shown to demonstrate variable spike timing in response to repetitions of identical stimuli ( Hubel and Wiesel, 1962 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In insects, this process is localized to the mushroom body (MB), the circuitry of which facilitates the coincident detection of sensory stimuli and punishing or rewarding cues and, downstream, the execution of appropriate learned behaviors. (nih.gov)
  • A subset of Zic2creER neurons are PSDC neurons that project to brainstem dorsal column nuclei, and chemogenetic activation of Zic2 PSDC neurons increases sensitivity to light touch stimuli. (listlabs.com)
  • A fundamental question in neuroscience is: how does a sensory system optimize detection of behaviorally relevant stimuli, when those stimuli and the sensory environment are constantly changing? (wustl.edu)
  • I now asked whether STDP could alter sensory tuning to behaviorally relevant stimuli in vivo. (wustl.edu)
  • Using whole-cell intracellular recordings, I recorded postsynaptic potential responses to two different sensory stimuli before and after pairing postsynaptic spiking with only one of those sensory stimuli. (wustl.edu)
  • Next, I wanted to ask whether intrinsic network activity could alter sensory tuning based solely on the input of behaviorally relevant stimuli. (wustl.edu)
  • Using extracellular evoked potential recordings and a freely behaving paradigm, I recorded postsynaptic potential responses and behavioral output to two xii different sensory stimuli before and after repeating only one of those sensory stimuli, with no pairing of postsynaptic spiking. (wustl.edu)
  • Central pattern generators are made up of multiple types of neurons that exchange information. (elifesciences.org)
  • Both types of neurons regulate movement, but the inhibitory neurons must be suppressed for movement to occur. (elifesciences.org)
  • Neuronal connections are made with exquisite accuracy between specific types of neurons. (stanford.edu)
  • These computations are performed by distinct types of neurons interconnected in circuits dedicated to the specialized roles of the auditory system. (stanford.edu)
  • Researchers led by Yarimar Carrasquillo, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, US, find that the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) contains two distinct populations of neurons that bidirectionally modulate pain in mice. (iasp-pain.org)
  • In pursuit of that "smaller scalpel," Carrasquillo and colleagues, including co-first authors Torri Wilson, Spring Valdivia, and Aleisha Khan, used genetic approaches in mice to fluorescently label and manipulate two independent populations of neurons in the CeA that have little overlap of genetic markers. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Although it is possible that STDP mechanisms underlie changes in sensory neuron connectivity, the relationship between sensory stimulation and central sensory neuronal response is complex and often involves populations of neurons that differ in the timing and frequency of spiking, resulting in complex spatiotemporal patterns of synaptic input to postsynaptic neurons. (wustl.edu)
  • The introduction of voltage imaging to the CN creates the opportunity to investigate auditory processing circuitry in populations of neurons targeted on the basis of their genetic identity and their roles in sensory processing.Significance StatementThe cochlear nucleus uses dedicated circuitry to process and interpret information from the ear. (stanford.edu)
  • The scientists showed that this neuronal dynamism can enable optimal processing of sensory information by the olfactory bulb. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In an article published in the journal Neuron , scientists from a unit at the Institut Pasteur directed by CNRS scientist Pierre-Marie Lledo provide further evidence of the highly dynamic nature of the changes observed at the neuronal level in adult brains. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • To observe the ongoing formation of neuronal circuits, the scientists marked the new neurons with a green fluorescent protein (GFP), to allow imaging of the dynamic changes with microscopy. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • They next observed the neuronal spines, the structure where synapses form, and demonstrated that 20% of the synapses between new and pre-existing neurons were changed on a daily basis - a phenomenon that was also observed in their synaptic partners, the principal olfactory bulb neurons. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The investigators first asked whether these two neuronal populations each received direct sensory input from the parabrachial nucleus, a brainstem nucleus that relays sensory input from the spinal cord to higher brain regions. (iasp-pain.org)
  • This was accompanied by substantial activation of CeA-PKCδ neurons but only minimal activation of CeA-Som neurons (as measured by levels of the activated form of extracellular signal regulated kinase, or ERK, as well as c-Fos expression―two surrogate markers of neuronal activity). (iasp-pain.org)
  • The Séguéla laboratory is investigating the functional organization of genetically identified neuronal networks mediating pain from peripheral afferents in sensory ganglia to the prefrontal cortex. (mcgill.ca)
  • Immunofluorescent analysis of PSD-95 (green) and MAP2 (red) on rat primary cortical neurons cultured for 28 days in the B-27 Plus Neuronal Culture System (Product # A3653401). (thermofisher.com)
  • By recording neuronal activity in vivo , Yizhar found that neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of Cntnap2 homozygous mice have enhanced activity compared with wild-type littermates. (sfari.org)
  • His Inhibitory postsynaptic potential research incorporates themes from Stimulation, Hebbian theory, Premovement neuronal activity and Electroencephalography. (research.com)
  • Together, our findings demonstrate that Cdc42 in presynaptic neurons is required for synapse formation in monosynaptic sensory-motor circuits. (wright.edu)
  • When presynaptic neurons over the brain get the signal to stop forwarding neurotransmitters, it changes the typical course of information between neurons that ends in a high. (newshunt360.com)
  • Thalamic recruitment of feedforward inhibition is known to enhance the fidelity of the receptive field by limiting the temporal window during which cortical neurons integrate excitatory inputs. (researchsquare.com)
  • Thalamic excitatory inputs diverge on both excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons, generating disynaptic feedforward inhibition. (researchsquare.com)
  • In typical cortical neurons, information processing starts with the integration of synaptic inputs across the dendritic tree which ultimately changes the somatic membrane polarization. (ru.nl)
  • The inhibitory neurons (GDL) are necessary for both forward and backward locomotion, suggestive of different yet coupled central pattern generators, and its inhibition is necessary for wave propagation. (elifesciences.org)
  • This circuit is made up of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. (elifesciences.org)
  • We postulated that this phenomenon was primarily due to the increased failure rate of evoking action potentials in parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons. (researchsquare.com)
  • The activity patterns of inhibitory neurons play a critical role in sculpting cortical network dynamics. (researchsquare.com)
  • while inhibitory neurons more readily transfer somatic depolarizations into action potentials, excitatory neurons perform low-pass frequency filtering. (ru.nl)
  • The spike threshold is modulated by dopaminergic signalling both in excitatory and inhibitory neurons to control the efficacy of intracellular information transfer as dopaminergic signalling regulates voltage-gated sodium channel conductances. (ru.nl)
  • Goodman MB, Hall DH, Avery L, Lockery SR (1998) Active currents regulate sensitivity and dynamic range in C. elegans neurons. (yale.edu)
  • The lipid sensitizes TRPV1 ion channels in primary sensory neurons and causes increased frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in spinal cord nociceptive neurons, increased CGRP release from sciatic nerves and DRGs, and a reduction in mechanical and thermal pain hypersensitivity. (duke.edu)
  • Patch-clamp recordings of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) from superficial dorsal horn neurons in rat acute spinal cord slices were used. (frontiersin.org)
  • The results showed that, in most of the labeled CeA-PKCδ and CeA-Som neurons, light stimulation evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), showing that both populations received excitatory input from the parabrachial nucleus. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Fmr1, Cntnap2 and Tsc2 knockout and 16p11.2 deletion mice showed increased feed-forward excitatory and inhibitory currents in neurons of layers 2-3 of the somatosensory cortex relative to the wild-type. (sfari.org)
  • Information transmission in neural networks is often described in terms of the rate at which neurons emit action potentials. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this thesis, we numerically quantify the efficacy of this intracellular information transfer as postsynaptic membrane potentials are translated into action potentials. (ru.nl)
  • Here we show that self-motion (i.e. vestibular) sensory information encoded by VIIIth nerve afferents is integrated nonlinearly by post-synaptic central vestibular neurons. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Using whole-cell intracellular recordings to repetitively pair sensory stimulation with intracellular spiking in vivo, I manipulated the relative timing of pre- and post-synaptic spiking in central sensory neurons in awake, behaving animals. (wustl.edu)
  • These hair cells exhibit enhanced exocytosis, as measured by capacitance, and recordings from afferent neurons post-synaptic to hair cells show no significant difference in spike rates. (wustl.edu)
  • However, the post-synaptic potentials (PSPs) of those neurons were not significantly increased in these mouse models relative to wild-type (lighter colors). (sfari.org)
  • But astonishingly, these synapses proved to be highly dynamic throughout the life of the new neurons. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In mice lacking Cdc42 in presynaptic sensory neurons, proprioceptive sensory axons appropriately reach the ventral spinal cord, but significantly fewer synapses are formed with motor neurons compared with wild-type mice. (wright.edu)
  • One of the major questions within the field of Molecular Neuroscience is how different neurons are able to locate and form synapses specifically with their appropriate targets so that functional neural circuits are generated. (forskningsradet.no)
  • In general, pre- and postsynaptic neurons that are co-active tend to form synapses with each other, and the most a ctive synapses tend to be stabilized, whereas the least active tend to be eliminated. (forskningsradet.no)
  • The brain uses chemicals called neurotransmitters to carry information from one neuron to another at junction points known as synapses. (drugabuse.com)
  • Causing neurotransmitter release -Drugs like methamphetamine cause neurons to release neurotransmitters into synapses when they would normally be inactive. (drugabuse.com)
  • Thus, in this dissertation I showed that STDP can alter the sensory responses of central electrosensory neurons, but that STDP rules operating at identified synapses may not drive predictable changes in sensory responses and sensory tuning at the circuit or behavioral level. (wustl.edu)
  • Using functional imaging and behavioral analysis, loss of Tao-induced ectopic synapses with inappropriate partner neurons were shown to be functional and altered behavioral responses in a connection-specific manner. (sdbonline.org)
  • The neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic membrane of the primary sensory neuron, where they elicit an action potential. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite significant progress in understanding the properties and functions of primary sensory neurons, the encoding of touch in the spinal cord dorsal horn and its influence on tactile representations in the brain are poorly understood. (duke.edu)
  • Despite the fact that thalamic efferent inputs on parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons are bifurcated from the same set of axons, their pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms tend to be stronger than those on principal neurons [1-3]. (researchsquare.com)
  • It is not made up of myocytes, like our muscles, but rather millions of neurons that are interconnected by axons and dendrites. (cognifit.com)
  • Overall, the present data suggest that acute repair of neonatal peripheral nerves with fibrin sealant results in neuroprotection and regeneration of motor and sensory axons. (hindawi.com)
  • The small, unmyelinated axons of the olfactory receptor cells form the fine fibers of the first cranial nerve and travel centrally toward the ipsilateral olfactory bulb to make contact with the second-order neurons. (medscape.com)
  • However, dorsal horn projection neurons that contribute to the postsynaptic dorsal column (PSDC) pathway transmitting tactile information to the brain are poorly characterized. (listlabs.com)
  • His work focuses on many connections between Backpropagation and other disciplines, such as Biological neural network, that overlap with his field of interest in Contrast, Pyramidal Neuron, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential and Stimulus. (research.com)
  • This gave them the unique opportunity to see the formation, stabilization and elimination of connections between neurons in real time. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Also, these dynamics were reflected in the principal neurons, their primary synaptic partner," explained first author, Kurt Sailor, from the Institut Pasteur. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Here, we show that spinal neurons marked by the expression of Zic2creER mediate light touch sensitivity and textural discrimination. (listlabs.com)
  • Experimentally, a well-accepted model to mimic axotomy injury retrograde repercussion to spinal neurons is the neonatal peripheral nerve axotomy [ 13 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The excitatory neurons (A27h) are premotor and necessary only for forward locomotion, and are modulated by stretch receptors and descending inputs. (elifesciences.org)
  • Although neocortical neurons are diverse in their molecular, anatomical, and electrophysiological properties, they all contribute to the generation of behaviour by integrating and communicating (transmitting) information. (ru.nl)
  • Connors BW, Gutnick MJ (1990) Intrinsic firing patterns of diverse neocortical neurons. (yale.edu)
  • Postsynaptic responses to patterned burst stimulation in KO mice showing impaired LTP were not significantly different from those in WT mice, suggesting that the LTP deficit was not caused by alterations in circuit properties. (jneurosci.org)
  • Fmr1 KO mice exhibit hyperactivity in open field tests, heightened seizure susceptibility, exaggerated responses to sensory stimulation, normal fear conditioning, and mild impairments in spatial learning tasks ( Kooy, 2003 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • If too little stimulation occurs for the action potential to take place low levels of glutamate uptake by the neighboring neuron occurs. (takeawayessays.com)
  • In CN slices from these animals auditory nerve fiber stimulation elicited a glutamate receptor-dependent depolarization in hVOS probe-labeled neurons. (stanford.edu)
  • We suggest that nonlinear integration of afferent input extends the coding range of central vestibular neurons and enables them to better extract the high frequency features of self-motion when embedded with low frequency motion during natural movements. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • A receptor potential, also known as a generator potential, a type of graded potential, is the transmembrane potential difference produced by activation of a sensory receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • A receptor potential is often produced by sensory transduction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The influx of current will often bring the membrane potential of the sensory receptor towards the threshold for triggering an action potential. (wikipedia.org)
  • Receptor potential can work to trigger an action potential either within the same neuron or on an adjacent cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within the same neuron, a receptor potential can cause local current to flow to a region capable of generating an action potential by opening voltage-gated ion channels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we show that these neurons express the receptor components for glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) signaling (RET, GFRα-1, and GFRα-2). (jneurosci.org)
  • The trk receptors in general are expressed in a nonoverlapping manner by sensory neurons in combination with the low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 ( Wright and Snider, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Here, we cover fundamental findings that implicate CCK neuron activity and CCK receptor signaling in modulating drug intake and drug-seeking (focusing on psychostimulants, opioids, and alcohol). (stanford.edu)
  • The receptor cells are actually bipolar neurons, each possessing a thin dendritic rod that contains specialized cilia extending from the olfactory vesicle and a long central process that forms the fila olfactoria. (medscape.com)
  • This occurs when the presynaptic neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synapse, which then attach to special proteins on the surface of the postsynaptic neuron called receptors. (drugabuse.com)
  • Other specialized proteins, called transporters, move neurotransmitters from the synapse back inside the neuron to turn off signaling. (drugabuse.com)
  • When it functions as a neurotransmitter, glutamate is classified as being excitatory instead of inhibitory because it typically will create an action potential, which involves a signal reaching a certain threshold or strength to carry the signal to other neurons (What are Excitatory Neurotransmitters, 2019). (takeawayessays.com)
  • Excitatory neurotransmitters "increase permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to positive ions. (takeawayessays.com)
  • In this study, using larval zebrafish, we mapped local and long-range connectivity of a cardinal spinal population, V2b neurons. (biorxiv.org)
  • Loss of Tao kinase resulted in exuberant postsynaptic specializations and aberrant connectivity during larval growth. (sdbonline.org)
  • The connectivity of a neuron (its unique constellation of synaptic inputs and outputs) is essential for its function. (stanford.edu)
  • GDNF therefore may be useful in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies and may protect peripheral neurons that are refractory to neurotrophin treatment. (jneurosci.org)
  • Synapse Formation in Monosynaptic Sensory-Motor Connections Is Regulat" by Fumiyasu Imai, David R. Ladle et al. (wright.edu)
  • Of these three crucial steps, the molecular mechanisms underlying synapse formation between group Ia proprioceptive sensory neurons and motor neurons is the least understood. (wright.edu)
  • Here, we show that the Rho GTPase Cdc42 controls synapse formation in monosynaptic sensory-motor connections in presynaptic, but not postsynaptic, neurons. (wright.edu)
  • The dorsal root of a spinal nerve is the site for __________ neurons, whereas the ventral root is the site of __________ neurons. (brainscape.com)
  • By targeting a genetically-encoded hybrid voltage sensor (hVOS) to identify neurons activated during the presentation of sound, the properties and function of these neurons become accessible to study in slices of mouse ventral cochlear nucleus. (stanford.edu)
  • In the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) drives feedforward inhibition in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) via local parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic neurons [12]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Furthermore, addition of the synaptic organizers, neuroligins, induces presynaptic differentiation of wild-type, but not Cdc42 -deficient, proprioceptive sensory neurons in vitro . (wright.edu)
  • I found that STDP alters sensory responses of central electrosensory neurons in vivo but there was more variability in the changes in sensory responses in vivo relative to the in vitro changes in synaptic responses (Chapter 2). (wustl.edu)
  • I found that some in vivo responses followed the pattern predicted by STDP sensory tuning experiments done in vitro and some in vivo responses that did not. (wustl.edu)
  • Whether the in vivo sensory tuning data "fit" or "did not fit" the pattern predicted by the in vitro sensory tuning changes was correlated with variations in synaptic potential landmarks. (wustl.edu)
  • That variations in the synaptic potential landmarks correlated with differences in the in vitro and in vivo sensory tuning suggest that whether the in vivo tuning results did or did not "fit" the in vitro tuning prediction is influenced by polysynaptic activity, including inhibitory interneurons (Chapter 3). (wustl.edu)
  • Destexhe A, Babloyantz A, Sejnowski TJ (1993) Ionic mechanisms for intrinsic slow oscillations in thalamic relay neurons. (yale.edu)
  • Brainstem and thalamic projections from a craniovascular sensory nervous centre in the rostral cervical spinal dorsal horn of rats. (lu.se)
  • Summary: Researchers observe how adult neurons form and evolve in the olfactory bulb of mice. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Scientists from the Institut Pasteur and the CNRS were able to make real-time observations over a period of several months that reveal how new adult-born neurons are formed and evolve in the olfactory bulb of mice. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The scientists spent several months observing the development of neurons formed in adulthood in the olfactory bulbs of mice. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The authors then tested what happened to the CeA-PKCδ and CeA-Som neurons during pain-related behaviors by using a sciatic nerve cuff model of neuropathic pain in mice. (iasp-pain.org)
  • This permits sodium ions to diffuse into the postsynaptic neuron leading to depolarization and generation of an action potential" (Boyd, n.d. (takeawayessays.com)
  • Here, we focused our attention on the mushroom body output neurons (MBONs) of the γ-lobes that act as downstream synaptic partners of the MB γ-Kenyon cells (KCs) to ask how the output of the MB γ-lobe is shaped by olfactory associative conditioning, distinguishing this from non-associative stimulus exposure effects, and without the influence of downstream modulation. (nih.gov)
  • I did not find any significant differences in the evoked potentials or behavior as a result of repetition of a sensory stimulus (Chapter 4). (wustl.edu)
  • Precise spike timing and temporal coding are used extensively within the nervous system of insects and in the sensory periphery of higher order animals. (frontiersin.org)
  • Neuromorphic sensory-processing systems provide an ideal context for exploring the potential advantages of temporal coding, as they are able to efficiently extract the information required to cluster or classify spatio-temporal activity patterns from relative spike timing. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here we propose a neuromorphic model inspired by the sand scorpion to explore the benefits of temporal coding, and validate it in an event-based sensory-processing task. (frontiersin.org)
  • We argue that the models presented are optimal for spatio-temporal pattern classification using precise spike timing in a task that could be used as a standard benchmark for evaluating event-based sensory processing models based on temporal coding. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is well accepted that feedforward inhibition sharpens the spatial and temporal discrimination of sensory information [2,10,11]. (researchsquare.com)
  • In no other location in the mature nervous system do less differentiated stem cells replace neurons. (medscape.com)
  • These findings challenge the traditional notion that the vestibular system uses a linear rate code to transmit information and have important consequences for understanding how the representation of sensory information changes across sensory pathways. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Dr. Philippe Seguela is primarily interested in the molecular basis of hyperexcitability in the brain and in sensory pathways. (mcgill.ca)
  • They made the surprising discovery that there is constant structural plasticity in the connections established by these new neurons with the circuits into which they are recruited. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Throughout the animal kingdom, from insects to mammals, animals possess specialized circuits of neurons that are responsible for producing these patterns of muscle contraction. (elifesciences.org)
  • A key step will be to map these circuits at the level of the individual neurons and the connections between them. (elifesciences.org)
  • How neural networks, including those underlying central pattern generators (CPGs) and sensory feedback circuits, orchestrate the precisely timed activation of motor and premotor neurons in multiple body segments remains poorly understood. (elifesciences.org)
  • Concordantly, electrophysiological analyses show diminished EPSP amplitudes in monosynaptic sensory-motor circuits in these mutants. (wright.edu)
  • Sensory circuits are typically established during early development, yet how circuit specificity and function are maintained during organismal growth has not been elucidated. (sdbonline.org)
  • Zic2 neurons receive direct input from the cortex and brainstem motor nuclei and are required for corrective motor movements. (listlabs.com)
  • It contains both sensory and motor nuclei. (brainscape.com)
  • Instead, the experiments suggest that Tao negatively regulates BMP signaling as reduction of Tao leads to an increase in pMad levels in motor neuron nuclei and an increase in BMP target gene expression. (sdbonline.org)
  • The cochlear nuclei (CN) receive sensory information from the ear and perform fundamental computations before relaying this information to higher processing centers. (stanford.edu)
  • Sciatic nerve transection, early after birth, results in significant degeneration of spinal motoneurons as well as sensory neurons present in the dorsal root ganglia. (hindawi.com)
  • However, a third of sensory neurons do not express receptors for the neurotrophins. (jneurosci.org)
  • As we mentioned above, THC mimics the movements of anandamide, suggesting that THC connects with cannabinoid receptors and stimulates neurons, which produces adverse effects on the mind and body. (newshunt360.com)
  • The larger connections enable more complex roles in sensory and motor functions (Adaes, 2018). (takeawayessays.com)
  • Brachial plexus lesion results in loss of motor and sensory function, being more harmful in the neonate. (hindawi.com)
  • Upper and lower limb innervation is greatly affected by brachial and lumbosacral plexus lesion, leading to loss of motor and sensory function [ 1 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • These observations led to the common assumption that the main mode of information transmission in most brain areas is encoded in the neurons average spike-frequency. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although feedforward inhibition mediated by cortical PV neurons has been described previously [12], the mechanism underlying the modulation of feedforward inhibition during high-frequency activity has never been examined. (researchsquare.com)
  • By doing this glutamate encourages synaptic plasticity, this is the process of building or weakening the "cell talk" between neurons over time to process learning and memory. (takeawayessays.com)
  • If glutamate is not used by the neighboring neuron it is either taken back up by the glutamate transporters in reverse in the presynaptic vesicle or stored in the astrocyte, the helper cell of the neuron. (takeawayessays.com)
  • The behavioural outcome of this dopaminergic action is faster sensory integration in freely behaving animals. (ru.nl)
  • His studies in Neuroscience integrate themes in fields like Postsynaptic potential and Hebbian theory. (research.com)
  • Importantly, like other cells, neurons are enclosed by a barrier that controls permeability and movement of solutes across it. (github.io)
  • The experiments also showed that each circuit receives both long-range input from the brain and local sensory feedback. (elifesciences.org)
  • Using laminar current-source density (CSD) analysis, we found layer-specific changes of the spatiotemporal synaptic patterns with increased cross-columnar integration and simultaneous weakening of early local sensory input processing within infragranular layers Vb. (nature.com)
  • These results suggest that Zic2 neurons integrate sensory input from cutaneous afferents with descending signals from the brain to promote corrective movements and transmit processed touch information back to the brain. (listlabs.com)
  • This structural plasticity reveals a unique dynamic mechanism that is vital for the regeneration and integration of new neurons within the adult brain circuit," concluded the scientists. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Importantly, exogenous treatment with neurotrophins transiently rescues a significant number of neurons, leading to the possibility of axonal regrowth and regeneration [ 19 , 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Our results demonstrate that the synaptic connections of the VOR circuit are established correctly from the outset despite patterns of activity that are known to dramatically disrupt specificity in sensory proj ections. (forskningsradet.no)
  • Touch perception begins with activation of functionally distinct classes of primary mechanosensory neurons, called low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs), and propagation of their signals to the initial somatosensory processing centers of the CNS, the spinal cord dorsal horn and brainstem. (duke.edu)
  • Dr. Seguela's team uses a multidisciplinary approach based on recombinant DNA methodology, biochemistry, electrophysiological recordings or calcium imaging in mammalian neurons, transfected cells and the Xenopus oocyte expression system. (mcgill.ca)
  • In the first three weeks of their life, these new neurons extended their cellular projections, known as dendrites, to form several ramifications, which subsequently became very stable. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • This activity-dependent mechanism underlies for example the formation of sensory projections during development, as well as their ongoing modification throughout life. (forskningsradet.no)