The utricle and saccule have sensory areas (acoustic maculae) which are innervated by the vestibular nerve. (lecturio.com)
A comprehensive identification of miRNAs in the sensory epithelia and their gene targets will enable pathways of auditory and vestibular function to be defined. (biomedcentral.com)
NGS of RNA from inner ear sensory epithelial cells led to the identification of 455 miRNAs in both cochlear and vestibular sensory epithelium, with 30 and 44 miRNAs found in only cochlea or vestibule, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to further identify and characterize miRNAs in the mammalian inner ear, we used NGS for the first time to identify miRNAs in cochlear and vestibular sensory epithelia. (biomedcentral.com)
Utricle4
The vestibule shelters two membranous elements: the saccule and the utricle, which contain, in a localised part of their wall, a sensory epithelium, the macula. (vestib.org)
The epithelial lining is at first columnar, but becomes cubical throughout the whole labyrinth, except opposite the terminations of the acoustic nerve, where it forms the columnar epithelium of the macula of the utricle and saccule, of the crista ampullæ, and of the organon spirale. (co.ma)
The neurosensory structures involved in hearing and equilibrium are located in the membranous labyrinth: the organ of Corti is located in the cochlear canal, while the maculae of the utricle and the saccule and the ampullae of the semicircular canals are located in the posterior section. (cloudaccess.net)
Neurons3
The ear is a sensory Sensory Neurons which conduct nerve impulses to the central nervous system. (lecturio.com)
Some of the sensory and motor neurons therefore have functional connections both centrally and peripherally. (ehd.org)
These conditional knock-out mouse mutants have been instrumental in demonstrating that miRNAs are vital for inner ear morphogenesis and development of the sensory epithelia and sensory neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
Cochlear2
The basilar membrane forms the inferior surface of the cochlear canal, and supports the organ of Corti, responsible for the transduction of acoustic stimuli. (cloudaccess.net)
The bodies of the cochlear sensory cells resting on the basilar membrane are surrounded by nerve terminals, and their approximately 30,000 axons form the cochlear nerve. (cloudaccess.net)
Otolithic membrane2
The otolithic membrane of the macula utriculi briefly lags behind the rest of the tissues, bends the stereocilia backward, and stimulates the cells. (wikipedia.org)
When you stop at the next light, the macula stops but the otolithic membrane keeps going for a moment, bending the stereocilia forward. (wikipedia.org)
Inner ear7
The mammalian inner ear contains sensory organs, the organ of Corti in the cochlea and cristae and maculae in the vestibule, with each comprised of patterned sensory epithelia that are responsible for hearing and balance. (biomedcentral.com)
The development, cell fate, patterning, and innervation of both the sensory and nonsensory regions of the inner ear are governed by tight regulation involving, among others, transcription factors and microRNAs (miRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we used Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to identify the most prominent miRNAs in the inner ear and to define miRNA-target pairs that form pathways crucial for the function of the sensory epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene targets were identified for each of these miRNAs, including Arhgap12, a GTPase activating protein, for miR-6715-3p, implicating this miRNA in sensory hair cell bundle development, actin reorganization, cell adhesion and inner ear morphogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
This study provides a comprehensive atlas of miRNAs in the inner ear sensory epithelia. (biomedcentral.com)
The results provide further support of the essential regulatory role of miRNAs in inner ear sensory epithelia and in regulating pathways that define development and growth of these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
it receives the utricular filaments of the acoustic nerve. (wikipedia.org)
Organ1
The ear is the sensory organ responsible for hearing and the maintenance of equilibrium, via the detection of body position and of head movement. (cloudaccess.net)
Hair cell1
The kinocilium is the only sensory aspect of the hair cell and is what causes hair cell polarization. (wikipedia.org)
Regions1
The taste buds are oval or flask-shaped, and occupy nests in the stratified epithelium of the regions mentioned. (co.ma)
Body1
of all the sensory receptors in the body 70% are in the eyes. (nurseslabs.com)
Organs4
The temporal bone contains the organs for hearing (i.e., organ of Corti) and the detection of gravity, linear and rotational motion (i.e., maculae of the utricule and saccule, cristae of the superior, lateral and posterior semicircular canals). (cdc.gov)
The end organs for gravity and motion detection consist of five separate sensory organs: the macula of the utricule (pp 47 and 50) and macula of the saccule, both housed in the vestibule and three cristae, one in the ampullated end of the superior, lateral (or horizontal) and posterior semicircular canals (pp 48-50). (cdc.gov)
While a number of studies have illustrated and analyzed 3D models of inner ears in higher vertebrates, inner ears in fishes have rarely been investigated in 3D, especially with regard to the sensory epithelia of the end organs, the maculae. (biomedcentral.com)
In each of the end organs, the sensory epithelium (macula) is overlain by a massive calcium carbonate biomineralisate, the otolith. (biomedcentral.com)
Utricular1
The non-destructive imaging method of x-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT) was used in a recent study on cichlid ears [ 5 ] and in an investigation of 3D utricular and saccular macula in mammals [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cristae2
The cristae (pp 48-49) are crests of connective tissue covered with a single layer of sensory and supporting cells. (cdc.gov)
Sensory epithelia of the canals, called cristae, are solely overlain by a gelatinous matrix, the cupula. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathways1
Let's start with sensory stimuli that have been registered through receptor cells and the information relayed to the CNS along ascending pathways. (foobrdigital.com)
Synapse1
The bipolar SGNs send their peripheral processes to synapse on the hair cells in the sensory epithelia while their central processes traverse the modiolus, exit the temporal bone via the internal auditory meatus and synapse in the cochlear nuclei of the brainstem. (cdc.gov)
Maculae are characterized by orientation patterns of ciliary bundles of the sensory hair cells, i.e. the morphologically and physiologically polarized ciliary bundles form differently oriented groups on the macula. (biomedcentral.com)
Gravity1
When the head is tilted such that gravity pulls on the statoconia, the gelatinous layer is pulled in the same direction also, causing the sensory hairs to bend. (wikipedia.org)
Primary2
PURPOSE: To compare the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) of the macula, and optic disc in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG), and normal eyes. (bvsalud.org)
The completion of cortical processing through the primary, associative, and integrative sensory areas initiates a similar progression of motor processing, usually in different cortical areas. (foobrdigital.com)
Linear1
The macula is also sensitive to linear acceleration as the inertia possessed by the statoconia can also shift the gelatinous layer during increases and decreases in linear velocity. (wikipedia.org)