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InsulinReceptor, InsulinSensitivity and SpecificityInsulin ResistanceGlucoseInsulin Receptor Substrate ProteinsInsulin, Long-ActingHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin AntibodiesInsulin AntagonistsGlucose Tolerance TestIslets of LangerhansGlucose Clamp TechniqueInsulin LisproDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Insulin Infusion SystemsAdipose TissueHyperinsulinismInsulin AspartInsulin-Secreting CellsInsulin, IsophaneObesityInsulin, Regular, PorkBlood GlucoseGlucagonInsulinsC-PeptideFastingMuscle, SkeletalSignal TransductionLiverInsulin, Regular, HumanProinsulinHyperglycemiaTime FactorsPhosphorylationFatty Acids, NonesterifiedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1AdipocytesGlucose Transporter Type 4KineticsDose-Response Relationship, DrugContrast SensitivityHypoglycemiaDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalInsulin, Short-ActingGlucose IntoleranceCells, CulturedDiabetes MellitusBody WeightCell LineLeptinReproducibility of ResultsTriglyceridesDeoxyglucoseHomeostasisRats, WistarInsulin-Like Growth Factor IAdiponectinPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPhosphoproteinsMolecular Sequence DataRNA, MessengerMonosaccharide Transport ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktRats, Sprague-DawleyLipidsMice, Inbred C57BLPredictive Value of TestsReference ValuesGlycogenHemoglobin A, GlycosylatedMutationPostprandial PeriodBody Mass IndexInsulinomaModels, BiologicalLipid MetabolismBiphasic InsulinsRats, Inbred StrainsDietary FatsMice, KnockoutMetforminMice, ObeseCalciumThiazolidinedionesGene Expression RegulationPancreasGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Biological TransportLipolysisAmino Acid SequenceBody CompositionMuscle ProteinsEatingDiet, High-FatROC Curve3T3-L1 CellsMetabolic Syndrome XRats, Zucker
ResistanceDiabetesPancreasPeripheralFunction and insulin sensitivityObeseHOMA-IROGTTAdultsMeasures of insulinWays to improve insulin sensitivityObesityIncreasesResistantSkeletal muscleEffect on insulinElevated insulin levelsChanges in insulin sensitivityImprove your insulin sensitivityImprovements in insulin sensitivityRespond to insulinHepatic insulinPoor insulin sensitivityLess insulinEndothelial functionMetabolismBlood sugar and insulin levelsFiber intake and insulinReceptorCarbohydratesIncreaseIntakeBolus insulinBasal insulinBoost insulinHormone that regulatesClampLevelsAdipose tissue0.05Glucose homeostasisCardiovascular risk factors
Resistance81
Diabetes31
  • Despite all the clinical trials showing that acute intakes of caffeine and coffee tend to reduce insulin sensitivity, the overwhelming majority of the observational literature finds that coffee is linked to lower body weight and protection from type 2 diabetes . (marksdailyapple.com)
  • If the body cannot maintain this heightened insulin production, the excess glucose leads to diabetes and other health disorders. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In type 1 diabetes , a person's beta cells do not produce insulin. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • After scientists discovered how to use insulin to treat diabetes , it became possible for people with diabetes to live full and productive lives. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This article looks at ways of assessing how much additional insulin a person with type 1 diabetes needs in order to adjust their insulin dose to stay healthy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A person with type 1 diabetes can use this number when deciding how much insulin they need to keep their blood sugar levels within the target range. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Impaired glucose transport as a cause of decreased insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in type 2 diabetes. (nature.com)
  • An OGTT was performed on participants without diabetes, and peripheral insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), HOMA-IR, basal insulin clearance, insulin secretion (C-peptide index) and beta cell function (disposition index) were estimated. (lu.se)
  • Conclusions/interpretation: We validated 34 proteins that were associated with type 2 diabetes, of which 11 were associated with measures of type 2 diabetes pathophysiology such as peripheral insulin sensitivity and beta cell function. (lu.se)
  • The key finding of this 6-month randomised controlled trial is that a long-term daily consumption of 1L of milk, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB), low calorie sweetened drink and water had no effects on insulin sensitivity and on risk markers of type 2 diabetes in 60 overweight or obese adults. (sweeteners.org)
  • Dr. Sathyaseelan said the study "opens the door to new clues about how mitochondrial function might modulate insulin sensitivity," representing an important step for diabetes research. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Type 2 diabetes involves abnormalities with insulin, a hormone secreted by beta cells in the pancreas. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Insulin helps the body store and use sugar from food, but in type 2 diabetes the body is insulin resistant, that is, it inefficiently responds to the hormone. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Metformin (MET) is a biguanide used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents due to its ability to decrease hepatic glucose production and increase peripheral insulin sensitivity. (medscape.com)
  • With Type 2 diabetes, determining sensitivity to insulin is more complicated because everyone varies in how much insulin their own pancreas produces and in how resistant they are to insulin. (liquidae.com)
  • Not only will this nutrient help ward off diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke, but it will also help to reduce your chances of diabetes while helping boost insulin sensitivity in the process. (gognarly.com)
  • In addition, studies have shown that a diverse gut microbiota is associated with improved insulin sensitivity and reduced risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. (biosourcenutra.com)
  • You may have heard about the danger of tissues becoming insulin resistant, and leading to things like increased weight gain, low energy, and metabolism, and even diabetes. (bebalancedcenters.com)
  • If you want to lower your chance of developing diabetes and other chronic illnesses, improving insulin sensitivity is a great place to start. (indexofsciences.com)
  • This is a common cause of type 2 diabetes , in which the pancreas gradually loses its ability to produce insulin. (indexofsciences.com)
  • High blood pressure and type 2 diabetes are conditions that are more likely to develop in people who are insulin resistant. (indexofsciences.com)
  • Methylation in CpG sites of the PPARGC1A gene (encoding PGC1-α) has been associated with adiposity, insulin secretion/sensitivity indexes and type 2 diabetes. (unav.edu)
  • In EMS, which is similar to Type II diabetes in people, horses have an excessive increase in blood insulin when they eat sugary feeds. (sciencesupplements.com)
  • Pancreatogenic diabetes (PD), secondary either to chronic calcific pancreatitis or to pancreatectomy, is characterized by higher frequency of hypoglycemic events during insulin therapy in comparison with type I insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD). (unipi.it)
  • You may have heard that folks with diabetes don't produce enough insulin or they're insulin resistant, and insulin or other drugs that affect blood sugar levels are often prescribed to help regulate blood sugar levels. (biotrust.com)
  • Yet, even if you aren't diabetic, prediabetic, or insulin resistant-in fact, even if you're metabolically healthy- insulin sensitivity is worth understanding and improving because poor insulin sensitivity can increase the chances of becoming obese as well as increase the risk for heart disease, diabetes, and a cascade of other "baggage" that tends to come with those health problems. (biotrust.com)
  • Those who are insulin resistant (impaired insulin sensitivity) need more insulin (sometimes a lot more) to process the same amount of glucose, and this is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. (biotrust.com)
  • Folks who have prediabetes or a family history of diabetes as well as those who are overweight or obese tend to have the greatest risk of impaired insulin sensitivity. (biotrust.com)
  • Increased microalbuminuria is a sign of renal disease and may be predictive of nephropathy risk in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. (cdc.gov)
  • The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reported that approximately 375,000 adults with type 1 diabetes used external insulin infusion pumps in 2007, compared to 130,000 in 2002. (medscape.com)
  • A linear piecewise mixed effects model was used to analyze the effect of DKA status at diagnosis of T1D on long-term glycemic control, adjusting for age at diagnosis, diabetes duration at baseline, sex, race/ethnicity, household income, health insurance status, time-varying insulin regimen and glucose self-monitoring, study site, and baseline fasting C-peptide level. (cdc.gov)
Pancreas10
Peripheral6
  • This finding suggests that any potential effect of phylloquinone supplementation on insulin sensitivity may affect peripheral insulin action. (nutraingredients.com)
  • and hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity was measured with a two-step euglycemic insulin (40 and 160 mU · min − 1 · m -2 ) clamp performed with 3-[ 3 H]glucose and indirect calorimetry. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS -These results suggest that pioglitazone therapy in type 2 diabetic patients decreases fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels by improving hepatic and peripheral (muscle) tissue sensitivity to insulin. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Here we show that in leptin receptor-deficient Koletsky (fa(k)/fa(k)) rats, adenovirally induced expression of leptin receptors in the area of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus improved peripheral insulin sensitivity via enhanced suppression of hepatic glucose production, with no change of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake or disposal. (escholarship.org)
  • We conclude that hypothalamic leptin action increases peripheral insulin sensitivity primarily via effects on the liver and that the mechanism underlying this effect is dependent on the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve. (escholarship.org)
  • Not only glucagon deficiency, but an enhanced peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin could account for this metabolic behavior. (unipi.it)
Function and insulin sensitivity1
  • Knabel D, Strath SJ, et al: Associations of reducing sedentary time with vascular function and insulin sensitivity in older sedentary adults. (msdmanuals.com)
Obese6
  • Treating obese mice with catestatin (CST), a peptide naturally occurring in the body, showed significant improvement in glucose and insulin tolerance and reduced body weight, report researchers. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Administering CST had no effect on insulin or glucose tolerance in control lean mice, showing that the effect of CST is restricted to obese animals. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A study of 5mg chromium per day from chromium containing yeast from 2011 failed to show any effect on insulin sensitivity in laminitic, obese horses (Chameroy et al. (sciencesupplements.com)
  • 2011) Effects of a supplement containing chromium and magnesium on morphometric measurements, resting glucose, insulin concentrations and insulin sensitivity in laminitic obese horses. (sciencesupplements.com)
  • However, it's completely possible for someone who's "overweight" or "obese" (by Body Mass Index, BMI, standards) to be "metabolically healthy" and have normal insulin sensitivity. (biotrust.com)
  • Metabolomic Profiling of Amino Acids and Beta Cell Function Relative to Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Youth. (cdc.gov)
HOMA-IR3
OGTT9
  • Moreover, the supplementation decreased 2-h post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose and insulin concentrations, and it increased [the insulin sensitivity index]. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Therefore, insulin sensitivity indices based on the oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) have been introduced. (upenn.edu)
  • The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy with which OGTT-derived indices would reflect changes in insulin sensitivity in the face of changes in other factors, such as rate of glucose absorption and/or B-cell function. (upenn.edu)
  • Imposed 50% reductions or increases in insulin sensitivity alone in the model were reflected in only small changes in OGTT-derived insulin sensitivity values. (upenn.edu)
  • These results indicate that caution is required for the interpretation of differences in OGTT-derived values of insulin sensitivity, because variation in factors other than insulin sensitivity per se appear to have the greatest effects on indices calculated from the OGTT alone. (upenn.edu)
  • Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by oral-glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and plasma free fatty acids. (sweeteners.org)
  • There were no differences between milk, SSSD, NCSD and water on insulin sensitivity assessed by OGTT (Matsuda-index, fasting and area under the curve glucose, insulin and homeostasis model assessment values). (sweeteners.org)
  • The change in mean plasma glucose concentration during the OGTT was strongly related to the change in total body glucose disposal during the second insulin clamp step. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • A standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and an abbreviated version of the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) were carried out in n = 57 Chilean nondiabetic women with measurements of plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide. (unav.edu)
Adults3
  • 2022) Changes in Food and Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality on a Low-Fat Vegan Diet Are Associated with Changes in Body Weight, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (news-medical.net)
  • In a randomised trial, we measured blood glucose and calculated insulin sensitivity in 89 trained adults and 31 not-trained controls, before training in the IHMP and 5 months after training. (hindawi.com)
  • The objective of this study was to determine whether muscle mass is independently associated with insulin sensitivity (IS) in young adults with overweight/obesity. (nature.com)
Measures of insulin1
  • We propose that measures of insulin secretion and insulin action will be necessary to design effective countermeasures against muscle loss, and we advance the "disposition index" as an essential model to be used in the clinical management of space flight-induced muscle loss. (nih.gov)
Ways to improve insulin sensitivity2
Obesity2
  • Overall, we provide our integrative perspective regarding how nutrients and obesity interact to regulate insulin sensitivity. (jci.org)
  • This study aimed to evaluate the effects of metformin and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on insulin sensitivity, measured via euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique and insulin pathway expression molecules in muscle biopsies of children with obesity. (medscape.com)
Increases7
Resistant8
  • Stress also makes the body more insulin resistant. (waterdownclinic.com)
  • A diet low in advanced glycation end products, shifts body chemistry, from being insulin resistant, to insulin sensitive. (betterbodychemistry.com)
  • Briefly, in someone who is insulin resistant, insulin levels are high : morning, noon and night, but despite the high levels, the response to insulin, is tepid. (betterbodychemistry.com)
  • Once the cells in your body become insulin resistant, they can't use it, which leads to high blood sugar levels. (diabeticsweekly.co)
  • High blood sugar levels result from cells being resistant to insulin. (indexofsciences.com)
  • Insulin sensitivity can also be increased by eating foods high in fiber, antioxidants, and resistant starch. (indexofsciences.com)
  • On the flip side, it's completely possible for someone who's "normal" weight to be insulin resistant. (biotrust.com)
  • T2DM has become a source total of 122 studies were considered phied, becoming more resistant to the of suffering to both patients and their for the article and were reviewed in antilipolytic effects of insulin, resulting caregivers. (who.int)
Skeletal muscle4
  • We discuss how pathways that "sense" nutrients within skeletal muscle are readily able to regulate insulin action. (jci.org)
  • The hallmarks of impaired insulin sensitivity in these three tissues are decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle, impaired insulin-mediated inhibition of hepatic glucose production in liver, and a reduced ability of insulin to inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue. (jci.org)
  • This effect was associated with increased insulin signal transduction via phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (as measured by pY-insulin receptor substrate-1 and pS-PKB/Akt) in liver, but not skeletal muscle, and with reduced hepatic expression of the gluconeogenic genes, glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate kinase. (escholarship.org)
  • Insulin is an anabolic hormone that promotes glucose uptake, glycogenesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis of skeletal muscle and fat tissue through the tyrosine kinase receptor pathway. (medscape.com)
Effect on insulin1
  • As standalone substances (without a meal to accompany them), neither caffeine nor coffee have an independent effect on insulin secretion . (marksdailyapple.com)
Elevated insulin levels2
Changes in insulin sensitivity3
  • Published indices of insulin sensitivity could then be calculated from the predicted curves, to ask whether changes in β-cell function or glucose absorptions rates might be misinterpreted (using the indices) as changes in insulin sensitivity. (upenn.edu)
  • More important, imposed alterations in β-cell sensitivity and glucose absorption without simulated changes in insulin sensitivity did change insulin sensitivity indices. (upenn.edu)
  • Group B did have a significant decrease in fasting insulin and glucose, but the changes in insulin sensitivity did not reach statistical significance when compared with control subjects. (duke.edu)
Improve your insulin sensitivity3
  • If you want to improve your insulin sensitivity, you really need to sleep well and sleep enough . (diabeticsweekly.co)
  • While it's not always easy to convince your significant other to be more sensitive, fortunately there are simple and effective lifestyle changes you can begin making immediately to help improve your insulin sensitivity. (biotrust.com)
  • Enjoy a nice stroll after lunch and dinner, especially if your meal was a bit heavier in carbs to improve your insulin sensitivity. (biotrust.com)
Improvements in insulin sensitivity1
Respond to insulin2
Hepatic insulin1
  • Moreover, the beneficial effects of hypothalamic leptin signaling on hepatic insulin sensitivity were blocked by selective hepatic vagotomy. (escholarship.org)
Poor insulin sensitivity1
Less insulin2
  • With time the beta cells in diabetic patients start to die, resulting in less insulin to handle the demands. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Generally speaking, the less insulin you need to process a given amount of carbohydrates (i.e., blood sugar), the higher your insulin sensitivity. (biotrust.com)
Endothelial function1
  • Putative mechanisms include improved endothelial function, circulating antioxidants, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced inflammation. (medscape.com)
Metabolism3
  • Alterations in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and metabolism of protein and amino acids support the hypothesis that insulin plays an essential role in the maintenance of muscle mass in extended-duration space flight. (nih.gov)
  • We present data showing alterations in tumor necrosis factor-alpha production, insulin secretion, and amino acid metabolism in pancreatic islets of Langerhans cultured in a ground-based cell culture bioreactor that mimics some of the effects of microgravity. (nih.gov)
  • Recent evidence suggests that hormones such as insulin and leptin act in the hypothalamus to regulate energy balance and glucose metabolism. (escholarship.org)
Blood sugar and insulin levels1
Fiber intake and insulin1
Receptor1
  • Moreover, upregulated expression of the insulin receptor substrate 2 was evident in muscle biopsies of the CLA group. (medscape.com)
Carbohydrates4
  • Carbohydrates are the primary stimulus of rising insulin levels. (waterdownclinic.com)
  • If you have good insulin sensitivity, you are more likely to utilize those carbohydrates for energy or shuttle them off into the muscle cells. (gognarly.com)
  • Not only is this a sweeter tasting spice, so you may be able to reduce how much sugar you take in, but it can also boost insulin sensitivity rates and help your body better manage any carbohydrates that you are consuming. (gognarly.com)
  • Plus, increasing insulin sensitivity allows your body to better use carbohydrates for energy, and it makes it easier to manage your weight. (biotrust.com)
Increase16
  • Of course, an increase in free fatty acids shooting around your body causes a subsequent - and necessary - drop in insulin sensitivity to allow you to actually burn the fat. (marksdailyapple.com)
  • Research has suggested that cinnamon can help to improve blood glucose levels and increase insulin sensitivity. (diabetes.co.uk)
  • In this installment of Ask Dr. Mike, Dr. Mike discusses strategies to increase insulin sensitivity. (mikeroussell.com)
  • SAN ANTONIO (Jan. 29, 2013) - If findings of a new study in mice are any indication, it might be possible to fine-tune cellular powerhouses called mitochondria, tweaking one aspect to increase insulin sensitivity, reduce body and fat mass, and even extend life. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Practicing meditation, getting regular exercise, and other stress-reduction techniques like conscious breathing will help lower your stress and increase your insulin sensitivity. (waterdownclinic.com)
  • In addition to that, one journal published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition illustrated that those who consumed green tea regularly showed both a decrease in fasting glucose levels as well as an increase in insulin sensitivity. (gognarly.com)
  • And fasting insulin levels, plummeted, dropping on average by 33.4 pmol/L. This was in stark contrast, to the regular Joe's, which saw the average value of fasting insulin, increase from 95.8 ± 41.7 to 113.2 ± 45.8 pmol/L. (betterbodychemistry.com)
  • Losing a few pounds through regular exercise is an excellent way to increase insulin sensitivity. (diabeticsweekly.co)
  • So, anything that you can do to manage stress, such as meditation, listening to music, or even taking a walk outside, can help increase insulin sensitivity. (bebalancedcenters.com)
  • Drinking green tea is a great way to stabilize blood sugar and increase insulin sensitivity. (bebalancedcenters.com)
  • Spreading your carb intake evenly throughout the day is another way to increase insulin sensitivity. (bebalancedcenters.com)
  • How to Increase Insulin Sensitivity Naturally? (indexofsciences.com)
  • What are the natural ways to increase your insulin sensitivity? (indexofsciences.com)
  • 2020) from North Carolina State University found that 2 or 4 mg of chromium propionate per day did increase insulin sensitivity in adult horses following a carbohydrate-high feed. (sciencesupplements.com)
  • Incredibly, a single workout can increase your insulin sensitivity for at least 16 hours. (biotrust.com)
  • 2 And aerobic exercise, like jogging, cycling, or Zumba for 30 minutes or more has been shown to increase your sensitivity for up to 2-5 days, depending on the activity and duration (at least in healthy younger women). (biotrust.com)
Intake3
  • First, I discuss the interaction between coffee intake and insulin . (marksdailyapple.com)
  • In trained subjects, significant decreases were found in insulin sensitivity index, insulin and BG peaks, glycated haemoglobin, mean pre-meal BG, standard deviation of diary BG (BG as recorded by subjects' 7-day diary), energy intake, BMI, and body weight when compared to control subjects. (hindawi.com)
  • By promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, fiber intake can help support a diverse and healthy gut microbiota, further improving insulin sensitivity and overall health. (biosourcenutra.com)
Bolus insulin3
  • Bolus insulin, a faster-acting form to regulate levels around mealtimes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This will tell them how much bolus insulin they need to cover the number of carbs they plan to eat. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The physician prescribes bolus insulin based on the carbohydrate content of a meal and for the correction of any elevation of blood sugar levels. (medscape.com)
Basal insulin3
Boost insulin1
  • The antioxidants in brightly colored produce prevent inflammation in the body and boost insulin sensitivity. (waterdownclinic.com)
Hormone that regulates2
Clamp3
  • The change in FPG was related to the change in basal EGP, EGP during the first insulin clamp step, and total glucose disposal during the second insulin clamp step. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Improvement of insulin sensitivity, measured via euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp and IRS2 upregulation, favored patients treated with CLA. (medscape.com)
  • ml-1), where M is the amount of glucose infused by Biostator GCIIS to clamp BG at basal level and I is the free insulin plateau concentration achieved by a primed-constant insulin infusion. (unipi.it)
Levels14
Adipose tissue2
  • Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine fat mass and visceral adipose tissue, and fasting venous blood samples were collected for analysis of glucose, insulin and C-peptide and for targeted proteomics, measuring a total of 184. (lu.se)
  • In contrast, most of the associations between IGFBP2 and insulin dynamics, except for insulin secretion, were mediated by either fat mass index or visceral adipose tissue in men and women. (lu.se)
0.052
  • At high BG 15 h after the last injection of regular insulin M/I x 100 was 7.79 (range 4.25-9.75) in PD and 4.20 (range 1.20-6.91) in D (P less than 0.05). (unipi.it)
  • Patients with PD had significantly higher (P less than 0.05) plasma clearance of insulin. (unipi.it)
Glucose homeostasis1
Cardiovascular risk factors1