Senescence cytotoxic t cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

One method is to target senescent T cells which have selective apoptosis function. (hindawi.com)
Depending on the severity of the DNA damage, the cells may no longer be able to undergo repair and either go through apoptosis or cell senescence. (wikipedia.org)
Cell apoptosis and senescence-like morphology were also observed. (stanford.edu)
Endogenous interleukin-4 promotes tumor development by increasing tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. (shengsci.com)
Oxaliplatin causes cell-cycle arrest promotes accelerated senescence and induces apoptosis in Bexarotene (LGD1069) cancer cells7 8 9 The p53 protein is involved in many biological processes the best known of which are cell-cycle arrest and DNA repair10 11 p53 also regulates apoptosis after exposure to hypoxia and cytotoxic drugs and is one of the most commonly mutated genes in many types of cancer12. (immune-source.com)
There is a signal crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis, which may be regulated to produce synergistic effect on the preconditioning of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Momordicine I also induced apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and senescence in glioma cells. (excli.de)
Sirtuins are NAD + -dependent histone deacetylases regulating important metabolic pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and are involved in many biological processes such as cell survival, senescence, proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, cell metabolism, and caloric restriction. (biomedcentral.com)
On the other end of the spectrum, the microvascular endothelial cells are the first cells to undergo apoptosis at the onset of corpus luteum regression. (biomedcentral.com)
they act as longevity assurance genes as they prevent genome damage, on the other hand, gatekeepers act on intact cells and eliminate potential cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and cellular senescence and prevent the development of cancer 5 . (ijpsr.com)
The exhaustion of T cells that prevents them from attacking cancer cells manifests itself, in large part, in cellular senescence and increased apoptosis. (lifespan.io)
Quercetin has a specific feature which inhibits fat accumulation in maturing human fat cells and simultaneously triggers apoptosis (programmed destruction) in existing fat cells. (oh17.com)
However, these RNAs play an indispensable role in important activities such as cell proliferation, differentiation, senescence and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

Senescent cells contribute to the aging phenotype, including frailty syndrome, sarcopenia, and aging-associated diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Although senescent cells can no longer replicate, they remain metabolically active and commonly adopt an immunogenic phenotype consisting of a pro-inflammatory secretome, the up-regulation of immune ligands, a pro-survival response, promiscuous gene expression (pGE), and stain positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. (wikipedia.org)
Senescent cells can undergo conversion to an immunogenic phenotype that enables them to be eliminated by the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
This phenotype consists of a pro-inflammatory secretome, the up-regulation of immune ligands, a pro-survival response, promiscuous gene expression (pGE) and stain positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. (wikipedia.org)
In preclinical mouse models of PDAC, this senescence-inducing therapy produces a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that includes pro-angiogenic factors that promote tumor vascularization, which in turn enhances drug delivery and efficacy of cytotoxic gemcitabine chemotherapy. (visualsonics.com)
In this study, we have characterized the cellular phenotype and mitochondrial function of BOXR1030 T cells compared to Control CAR-T cells to better understand the contribution of GOT2 to improved CAR-T function. (bmj.com)
Methods Phenotype and function of BOXR1030 and Control CAR-T cells (n=3 donors) were assessed at the end of standard CAR-T cell manufacturing process, after repetitive stimulation with anti-idiotype antibody (up to 5 stimulations over 15 days) and co-culturing with GPC3-expressing Hep3B cells (2D) or Hep3B spheroids (3D) in standard or low glucose culture conditions. (bmj.com)
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Senescence, an underappreciated cell dormancy phenotype that occurs upon treatment with many cytotoxic drugs, represents a new paradigm in drug development. (elsevierpure.com)
As viral replication is usually more efficient in senescent cells, many viruses, including CMV and probably SARS-CoV-2, promote this phenotype in host cells to facilitate invasion (19, 21, 22). (ubatubasat.com)
Senescent cells are characterized by proliferation arrest and a specific secretome, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (ubatubasat.com)
Senescent cells show SASP (senescent associate's secretory phenotype) which includes molecular changes such as morphological changes, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. (ijpsr.com)
Due to DNA damage response, senescence-like phenotype has been seen in cortical neurons. (ijpsr.com)
Matsubara, S , Suzuki, S & Komori, T 2022, ' Immunohistochemical Phenotype of T Cells Invading Muscle in Inclusion Body Myositis ', Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology , vol. 81, no. 10, pp. 825-835. (elsevierpure.com)
Another interest of the group is the definition of immune signatures based on immune cell phenotype and function, as prognostic markers. (cardiff.ac.uk)
[ 2 , 3 ] Another study indicates that the T lymphocyte subset in congenital aplasia may be associated with presence of CD4(+) T cells that express the "naïve" phenotype, possible failure in CD8(+) cytotoxic effectors differentiation and tendency to the proinflammatory status of cells, low interleukin (IL) 10 expression, and suboptimal lymphocyte responses to mitogenic stimulation. (medscape.com)

This process is known as "replicative senescence", or the Hayflick limit. (wikipedia.org)
Mechanistically, replicative senescence can be triggered by a DNA damage response due to the shortening of telomeres. (wikipedia.org)
This induces replicative senescence. (wikipedia.org)
1 In their studies, they observed that human diploid cells replicate a finite number of times before they undergo irreversible arrest, 1 it was termed as Hayflick limit also known as replicative senescence (RS) 2 . (ijpsr.com)
As HIV disease progresses, certain immune cells called CD8 cytotoxic T-cells undergo accelerated replicative senescence (cellular aging) and lose their ability to proliferate and kill HIV-infected CD4 T-cells. (telomerescience.com)

Cytomegalovirus reactivation is still a critical concern following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and cellular immune reconstitution of cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-cells is necessary for the long-term control of cytomegalovirus reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. (nature.com)
However, cellular immune reconstitution of CMV-specific cytotoxic T-cells (CMV-CTL) is generally considered to be necessary for the long-term control of CMV reactivation after allo-HCT. (nature.com)
Analyses of signaling pathways identified JNK and p38 MAPK as antagonistic effectors of cellular senescence. (uzh.ch)
Cellular senescence is a phenomenon characterized by the cessation of cell division. (wikipedia.org)
Hayflick's discovery of mortal cells paved the path for the discovery and understanding of cellular aging molecular pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular senescence can be initiated by a wide variety of stress inducing factors. (wikipedia.org)
Depletion of NAD+ can lead to DNA damage and cellular senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells. (wikipedia.org)
Two proteins, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and p16Ink4A, are regarded as biomarkers of cellular senescence. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, the role of telomeres in cellular senescence has aroused general interest, especially with a view to the possible genetically adverse effects of cloning. (wikipedia.org)
BRAFV600E and Ras are two oncogenes implicated in cellular senescence. (wikipedia.org)
Our results indicate that senescent cells are a preferred option when it comes to stimulating the immune system against cancer, and they pave the way to considering vaccination with these cells as a possible therapy," explains Dr. Serrano , head of the Cellular Plasticity and Disease lab at IRB Barcelona. (irbbarcelona.org)
For this purpose, a cellular model of senescent myocardial cells was set up and evaluated using colorimetric, fluorimetric, and immunometric techniques. (hindawi.com)
Relevant cellular senescence markers, such as X-gal staining, cell cycle regulator levels, and the percentage of cell cycle-arrested cells, were found to be reduced in the presence of naringenin. (hindawi.com)
Because aging has been demonstrated to be directly related to the occurrence of cardiac disorders, together, the data have prompted us to investigate the effects of Nar in a cellular model of aged myocardial cells. (hindawi.com)
Various cellular senescence hallmarks (the percentage of X-gal staining cells, the mRNA levels of the p16 and p21 cell cycle regulators, and the percentage of cell cycle-arrested cells) were investigated. (hindawi.com)
Mechanistically, both peptides caused a significant reduction at G0/G1 phase, in correlation with an augmented expression of the cell cycle inhibitory proteins p53, p27, p21, necrosis, exacerbated generation of reactive oxygen species and diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, all hallmarks of cellular stress. (nature.com)
GOT2 is hypothesized to improve CAR-T cell fitness by maintaining cellular redox balance under oxidative stress and fueling the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle via glutaminolysis. (bmj.com)
The study 'Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 hinders colon tumorigenesis induced by colibactin-producing Escherichia coli in ApcMin/+ mice' provides evidence that CNF1 decreases the carcinogenic effects of CoPEC in ApcMin/+ mice by decreasing CoPEC-induced cellular senescence and inflammation. (mendeley.com)
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, cellular senescence, angiotensin II, prognosis, crucial illness, immune checkpoint inhibitors Introduction High transmissibility, asymptomatic service providers, and the absence of herd immunity have contributed to the quick worldwide spread of COVID-19 disease (1, 2). (ubatubasat.com)
Cellular senescence was first observed by Hayflick and Moorhead about 5 decades ago in 1961. (ijpsr.com)
Cells undergo cellular senescence to avoid the formation of cancer or other diseases related to a mutation in the cell due to any kind of stressors such as oxidative stress, telomere damage or epigenomic damage. (ijpsr.com)
Cellular senescence in neurodegenerative diseases. (ijpsr.com)
In this review, we are trying to find the link between cellular senescence and age-related neurological disorders 3 . (ijpsr.com)
Two tumor suppressor proteins p53 and p16 are responsible for cellular senescence 4 . (ijpsr.com)
Moreover, in some cases hierarchical relationships among stem cells, progenitors and differentiated cells remain unsolved due to the high degree of cellular plasticity, which allows cells to switch between different cellular stages. (carrerasresearch.org)
2. To discover cytotoxic agents for specific cellular subpopulations . (carrerasresearch.org)
Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. (bvsalud.org)

We show that a combination of MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors that target KRAS-directed oncogenic signaling can suppress PDAC proliferation through induction of retinoblastoma (RB) protein-mediated senescence. (visualsonics.com)
catenin signaling and influences CRC cell proliferation and experiments in CRC cell lines and an tumor xenograft model. (immune-source.com)
Collectively, these studies demonstrate that the rate of endothelial cell proliferation is highest during corpus luteum formation, then decreases and remains low during the mid-luteal phase and structural regression of the corpus luteum. (biomedcentral.com)
The regulation of endothelial cell proliferation in the corpus luteum of pregnancy is less clear. (biomedcentral.com)
NMN-treated T cells showed a superior rate of proliferation and remained active and cytotoxic long after the controls died. (lifespan.io)
Transcriptomic analysis showed an increased activity of proliferation-related genes and a decreased activity of senescence-inducing genes. (lifespan.io)
The protein Sirt1, a well-known anti-senescence and proliferation-promoting factor, was particularly upregulated by NMN. (lifespan.io)
With respect to its biological function, overexpression of IGBP1-AS1 had inhibitory effects on the invasion and proliferation of BC cells in vivo as well as in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
LncRNA IGBP1-AS1/miR-24-1/ZIC3 axis as a loop can regulate the proliferation and invasion of BC cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Since changes in mitochondrial function are associated with T cell differentiation and senescence, we explored mitochondrial health of BOXR1030 T cells in vitro . (bmj.com)
METHODS: Dendritic cells (DCs) activate and shape T cell differentiation by producing polarizing cytokines. (bvsalud.org)
These changes indicated progressive differentiation of CD8+ T cells. (elsevierpure.com)

Mutations in genes relating to genome maintenance has been linked with premature aging diseases, supporting the role of cell senescence in aging (see DNA damage theory of aging). (wikipedia.org)
This review is focused on the major factors responsible for cell senescence, its related pathways, and the role of cell senescence in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. (ijpsr.com)

Cells can also be induced to senesce by DNA damage in response to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of oncogenes, and cell-cell fusion. (wikipedia.org)
As a result, angiotensin II (ANG II) accumulates in endothelial cells (ECs), inducing vascular senescence with upregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), impairing both innate and adaptive immunity. (ubatubasat.com)

Therefore, in PDAC models, therapy-induced senescence can establish emergent susceptibilities to otherwise ineffective chemo- and immunotherapies through SASP-dependent effects on the tumor vasculature and immune system. (visualsonics.com)
The paper also throws light on how cell senescence can be used to treat cancer known as therapy-induced senescence and various strategies to treat age-related pathologies by senotherapy in which senescent cells are targeted. (ijpsr.com)

Cytotoxic function in terms of tumor cell killing and Granzyme B secretion in culture supernatant were measured by Incucyte and MSD respectively. (bmj.com)
Effects of tumor cell viability and inoculum density on growth parameters in the human tumor, soft-agar clonogenic assay. (shengsci.com)
Body 1 Inhibition of colorectal tumor cell development by oxaliplatin. (immune-source.com)
This project will evolve our previos studies with a microtubule inhibitor, discodermolide, to synthesize a series of novel analogues that have modifications of the lactone ring and diene moieties that we hypothesize influence tumor cell kill and senescence induction in cells. (elsevierpure.com)
The overall goal of this program is to select lead compounds that have: (A) a low propensity to induce senescence, (B) high induction of tumor cell death in chemorefractory cell types, such as tumor initiating cells, and (C) minimal toxicity, as determined from measures of cardiopulmonary function and histology, nerve conduction, and neuropsychology. (elsevierpure.com)

Ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer arises in a field of short telomeres, senescence, and inflammation. (shengsci.com)
catenin signaling and cytochromeP450 enzymes (CYP51A1) were correlated to oxaliplatin sensitivity in 21 colorectal cancer cell lines24. (immune-source.com)
Our experiments confirm and extend the involvement of CYP2S1 as a potential therapeutic target for enhancing oxaliplatin efficacy in colorectal epithelial cells. (immune-source.com)

Inhibition of intracellular 1-deoxysphinganine trafficking and ceramide synthesis improved the viability of the cells, indicating that the intracellular metabolites of 1-deoxysphinganine contribute to its cytotoxicity. (uzh.ch)
In addition, we designed and screened a panel of gomesin analogues with amino acid modifications that were predicted to influence cell viability. (nature.com)
The most promising candidate, CYT997, was tested for its invitro effects on cell viability and cell death, colony formation, cell cycle changes, and cell migration/invasion in HCC cells. (stanford.edu)
We tested four major extracts of M. charantia and found that momordicine I reduced glioma cell viability without serious cytotoxic effects on astrocytes. (excli.de)
In cultures derived from both wild-type and MeCP2-null strains, cell viability decreased with increasing concentrations of H2O2 and NH4Cl. (adenosine-receptor.com)

Furthermore the power of Compact disc56dim NK cells to bind anti-HLA antibodies (donor-specific antibodies DSA) continues to be associated with complement-independent pathways of antibody-mediated rejections (AMR) in kidney transplantation resulting in the assumption that NK cells donate to a chronic energetic antibody-mediated rejection [50 51 Cytokine capability Maintenance immunosuppression critically depends on calcineurin inhibitors that particularly target the creation of IL-2 in T cells. (academicediting.org)
Our laboratory studies the key signals governing stem cell and cell fate specification during malignant progression and the mechanisms by which different signaling pathways control cell plasticity in cancer. (carrerasresearch.org)
Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)

Such senescent cells in mammalian culture and tissues retain DSBs and DDR markers. (wikipedia.org)
We sought to determine whether or not treatment-naïve spontaneous HIV-1 controllers (HICs) and ART-exposed patients differ with regard to the expression of cell senescence markers. (pasteur.fr)
Indeed, as in avian influenza, the Pitavastatin Lactone upregulation of NK cell, and CTC exhaustion markers (EMs) has been observed (11). (ubatubasat.com)
Increased expression of p16 and β -galactosidase can be used as markers to identify senescent cells. (ijpsr.com)

Scientists debate whether GBs arise from a subculture of neural stem cells or from the transformation of differentiated astrocytes [6]. (genesispub.org)
Gliomas often originate from three types of glial cells: oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, and astrocytes - however, astrocytic gliomas hold 70% of all glioma origins [4]. (genesispub.org)
dramatically for both types of astrocytes, ultimately culminating in senescence. (adenosine-receptor.com)
After 2 h of BrdU treatment, the proportions of BrdU-incorporating cells were similar in the " 1678014 control and MeCP2-null astrocytes. (adenosine-receptor.com)
We also tested the cytotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium chloride, and glutamate, on astrocytes in our culture. (adenosine-receptor.com)

Removing senescent T cells from the physiological cycle to maintain the homeostasis of memory and effector T cells is the way of replacement. (hindawi.com)
However, when considering the CD57 effector memory and effector subsets, the cytotoxic granule content was greater in HICs than in ART. (pasteur.fr)

Novel understanding in the interaction between immune system and cancer cells of the patient holds great promise for immunotherapy development [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is noted that T cell has great potential for immunotherapy of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
The group is now studying the combined efficacy of vaccination with senescent cells and immunotherapy treatments. (irbbarcelona.org)
In CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy, a bunch of T cells are procured from the patient's blood, genetically engineered to express the relevant CAR, and injected back into the patient's body. (lifespan.io)

Currently, three main strategies are applied to restore the activation of senescent T cells, including replacement, restoration, and reprogramming. (hindawi.com)

However, T cell exhaustion might lead to the possibility of immune escape of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
This approach neutralizes the chemical exhaustion brought by cancer cells. (lifespan.io)
However, some cancer cells have ways to greatly reduce the effectiveness of cytotoxic T-cells by causing their dysfunction and exhaustion [2]. (lifespan.io)
Together, along the course of IBM, some inflammatory cells retained the potential for cytotoxicity whereas others indicated suppression by exhaustion, senescence, or through the PD-1 pathway. (elsevierpure.com)

2011). Moreover, under conditions of metabolic or cytotoxic stress, such as in ageing, autophagy can be upregulated, further decompensating homeostatic mechanisms (Lotz and Caramés 2011). (ukdiss.com)

The white pulp of the spleen contains germinal centers, with lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages that help coordinate the immune response and play roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. (medscape.com)
T cell large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) are potent effector cells and cells with ultrastructure indistinguishable from LGLs were seen in the sarcoplasm along with lymphocytes undergoing degeneration. (elsevierpure.com)

Endothelial cells communicate with cells comprising the functional unit of the corpus luteum, i.e ., other vascular cells, steroidogenic cells, and immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The potential clinical applications of research directed on corpus luteum endothelial cells are intriguing considering reproductive processes in which vascular dysfunctions may play a role such as ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). (biomedcentral.com)
Indeed, SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with upregulation of ANG II, a molecule previously Pitavastatin Lactone shown to promote senescence in vascular easy muscle mass cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) (24C26). (ubatubasat.com)
We hypothesize that vascular senescence-mediated upregulation of IL-6 and ROS is responsible for both coagulation and immune dysfunction. (ubatubasat.com)
2017). Inflammation and vascular pathology, in combination with cell death, meniscal changes, bone remodelling and subchondral sclerosis, produces a vicious cycle of progressive joint degeneration. (ukdiss.com)

Prophylactic vaccination therapy with senescent cancer cells was effective against both types of tumors. (irbbarcelona.org)
In addition, SASP-mediated endothelial cell activation stimulates the accumulation of CD8+ T cells into otherwise immunologically "cold" tumors, sensitizing tumors to PD-1 checkpoint blockade. (visualsonics.com)
Different levels of viable cell inoculum density produced contrasting effects between 255 solid tumors as compared to 72 malignant. (shengsci.com)
Solid tumors have been much harder to crack because their microenvironment still quickly renders most CAR-T cells dysfunctional. (lifespan.io)
To that end, our lab works on different strategies, which include murine and human models, to test a panel of drugs currently used as a standard of care for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and explore the role of senescence in tumors cells, as well as in their microenvironment. (carrerasresearch.org)

Researchers at IRB Barcelona report that the induction of senescence in tumour cells strongly stimulates the immune system. (irbbarcelona.org)
Although, stress plays a major role in the induction of premature senescence, depending upon the damage due to stressor cells react in different ways as it determines if the damage is high, the cell will go under-programmed cell death and if the damage is low senescence will take place 2 . (ijpsr.com)
Our study concludes that the induction of senescence in tumour cells improves the recognition of these cells by the immune system and it also increases the intensity of the response they generate. (bist.eu)
In short, the work started at the MSKCC focused on describing how the induction of senescence in tumour cells alters the molecular programs that mediate communication between the tumour and the immune system. (bist.eu)

The ability of two cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma, are evaluated as paracrine mediators of endothelial cell function during angioregression. (biomedcentral.com)
The treatment increased the levels of pro-cytotoxic factors, including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and downregulated some pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6, suggesting that NMN treatment can reduce the inflammatory response commonly triggered by CAR-T therapy. (lifespan.io)

Senescent cells show a distinctive feature called Senescent associated secretory phenotypes (SASP) which includes increased expression of p16 and Beta-galactosidase can be used as a marker for senescent cells. (ijpsr.com)
Senescent cells showing SASP has been associated with various age-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancer and other cardiovascular diseases. (ijpsr.com)

We used an HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model to assess its invivo efficacy.RESULTS: CYT997 was significantly more cytotoxic against HCC cells than against primary human hepatocytes, and sensitized HCC cells to sorafenib. (stanford.edu)
In contrast silencing p53 significantly decreases the inhibitory effects of oxaliplatin suggesting an important role for p53 in this process13 14 The p53 protein regulates a group Bexarotene (LGD1069) of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in human and mouse liver cells and influences the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment regimens15 16 However a role for p53 in regulating CYP450 genes in the intestinal tract has not yet been reported. (immune-source.com)
In a pre-print paper, scientists have shown that treatment with NMN increases the survival and anti-cancer efficacy of CAR-T cells [1]. (lifespan.io)

An in vitro model of premature myocardial senescence was established as previously reported [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)

For the CD8 T cell subsets, HICs had a lower proportion of CD57 effector CD8 T cells than ART patients or HDs, whereas the proportions of KLRG-1 effector were similar. (pasteur.fr)
The proportion of CD57 effector CD8 T cells is lower in HICs than in ART-exposed patients. (pasteur.fr)

Our data reveal consistent ENKUR downregulation at both RNA and protein levels across MPN patient specimens and experimental models, with a concomitant upregulation of a cell cycle marker, CDC20. (stanford.edu)
Of note previous Compact disc8+ T cells shown a transcriptional upregulation of activating killer cell lectin-like receptors (KLR) and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). (academicediting.org)

We want to screen for natural compounds that selectively kill specific subsets of cells that are responsible for tumor maintenance and/or intrinsically resistant to current therapies. (carrerasresearch.org)

However, CAR-T cells can also produce some adverse events after treatment of hematological malignancies, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and on-target/off-tumor toxicity, which may cause systemic immune stress inflammation, destruction of the blood-brain barrier, and even normal tissue damage. (hindawi.com)
Th17 cells have been proposed as critical drivers of profibrotic inflammation during SSc, but little is known about the immune components supporting their pathogenic role. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that functional alterations of DCs subsidize the immune mechanisms favoring the aberrant T cell polarization and profibrotic inflammation behind the clinical SSc heterogeneity. (bvsalud.org)
Inflammation plays a role in the progression to cancer and it is linked to the presence of senescent cells. (shengsci.com)
We hypothesized that a preneoplastic field of inflammation, telomere shortening, and senescence underlies tumor progression in UC progressors. (shengsci.com)
Multiple biopsies of varying histologic grade were collected along the colon of nine UC progressors and analyzed for telomere length, DNA damage, senescence, p53, p16, and chronic and acute inflammation. (shengsci.com)
These results suggest that dysplasia arises in a preneoplastic field of chronic inflammation, which leads to telomere shortening, DNA damage, and senescence. (shengsci.com)
However, chronic inflammation can also elicit this response by prolonged activation of T cell receptors (TCRs) (14). (ubatubasat.com)
Autologous blood-derived products, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), are vital in tissue repair and regeneration and have important roles in fundamental processes, including inflammation, angiogenesis, cell migration and metabolism in pathological conditions, such as OA. (ukdiss.com)
Furthermore, translocation of immune cells from one anatomical compartment to another, i.e., the gut-lung axis via the lymphatics or blood has been identified as an important factor in perpetrating systemic inflammation, tissue destruction, as well as modulating host-protective immune responses. (frontiersin.org)

Senescent cells affect tumour suppression, wound healing and possibly embryonic/placental development and a pathological role in age-related diseases. (wikipedia.org)
However, these same cells create an environment that blocks immune cells and protects the tumour. (irbbarcelona.org)
The scientific community has been working for years to increase the effectiveness of the immune system against cancer by using vaccines based on dead tumour cells. (irbbarcelona.org)
They also complemented the study with tumour samples from cancer patients and confirmed that human cancer cells also have a greater capacity to activate the immune system when they are previously rendered senescent. (irbbarcelona.org)
In the context of cancer, the researchers led by Dr. Serrano have discovered that senescent cells, due to their characteristics, are a good option for activating the immune system and improving its response to the tumour. (irbbarcelona.org)
On the other hand, as these cells do not divide, they cannot regenerate the tumour. (bist.eu)

The most active T cell endogenous inhibitory pathway is the immunoglobulin superfamily such as CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4): B7-1/B7-2 receptor/ligand grouping, which plays a central role in coordinating immune responses [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
When external stressors such as telomere damage, oxidative stress (RAS activity) or epigenetic stress has been encountered by the cells, it activates ATM/ARF and p19ARF which in turn activates p53 pathway 6 . (ijpsr.com)
The researchers suggest that NMN benefits T cells mostly via the Sirt1 pathway. (lifespan.io)
We demonstrated that the pro-apoptotic protein Bax can be presented by this pathway in cancer cells (7). (cardiff.ac.uk)
Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. (bvsalud.org)

For example, low doses may permanently alter immune fitness and therefore accelerate immune senescence and pave the way for a wide spectrum of possible pathophysiological events, including early-onset of age-related degenerative disorders and cancer. (uni-frankfurt.de)

The DNA damage response (DDR) arrests cell cycle progression until DNA damage, such as double-strand breaks (DSBs), are repaired. (wikipedia.org)
Islet cell malfunction underlies diabetes development and progression. (rna-seqblog.com)
Here, we draw upon studies that have shed light on the initiation and progression of islet autoimmunity from the point of view of the beta cell. (springer.com)

The transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) alleviates neuropathology and improves cognitive deficits in animal models with Alzheimer's disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the goal of Glioblastoma is not only to treat the disease but to cure it, current animal in vivo studies have shown promising therapeutic effects in mesenchymal stem cells, induced neural stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. (genesispub.org)
These stem cells have self-renewal capabilities, and stem cells, like the mesenchymal stem cells, can differentiate into various lineages from the mesoderm. (genesispub.org)

The Compact disc57 subset is normally associated with a sophisticated cytotoxic and proinflammatory cytokine capability and several research have reported on the potential hyperlink between circulating Compact disc57+ Compact disc28? (academicediting.org)

The physiological importance for cell senescence has been attributed to prevention of carcinogenesis, and more recently, aging, development, and tissue repair. (wikipedia.org)

In their experiments during the early 1960s, Leonard Hayflick and Paul Moorhead found that normal human fetal fibroblasts in culture reach a maximum of approximately 50 cell population doublings before becoming senescent. (wikipedia.org)

Important insights on the morphology and function of luteal endothelial cells have been gained from a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies on endothelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Following in vitro stimulation or Hep3B co-culture in standard and low glucose culture conditions, BOXR1030 T cells showed preservation of early memory populations, reduced CD27-CD28- senescent cells and improved cytotoxic function relative to Control CAR-T cells. (bmj.com)

Irreversible failure of pancreatic β-cells is the main culprit in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, a disease that is now a major global epidemic. (uzh.ch)
Our results revealed that 1-deoxysphinganine is a cytotoxic lipid for insulin-producing cells, suggesting that the increased levels of this sphingolipid observed in diabetic patients may contribute to the reduced functionality of pancreatic β-cells. (uzh.ch)
Senescent tumor cells, mouse pancreatic cancer cell culture. (irbbarcelona.org)
Vaccination with senescent cells significantly reduces the development of tumours in experimental models of melanoma and pancreatic cancer. (irbbarcelona.org)
The researchers tested the technique in animal models of melanoma, a type of cancer characterised by high activation of the immune system, and also in pancreatic cancer models, which present strong barriers against immune cells. (irbbarcelona.org)
Blood glucose levels are tightly controlled by the coordinated actions of hormone-producing endocrine cells that reside in pancreatic islets. (rna-seqblog.com)
Type 1 diabetes results from the poorly understood process of islet autoimmunity, which ultimately leads to the loss of functional pancreatic beta cells. (springer.com)
Type 1 diabetes results from organ-specific autoimmunity, which eliminates most of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. (springer.com)

However, this results in a false positive for cells that naturally have these two proteins such as maturing tissue macrophages with senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and T-cells with p16Ink4A. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, chemokines are discussed as a vital endothelial cell secretory products that contribute to the recruitment of eosinophils and macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)

Here we show the features of repertoire diversity and the gene expression profile of HLA-A24 cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-cells in actual recipients according to the cytomegalovirus reactivation pattern. (nature.com)
Single-cell RNA-sequence analyses demonstrate the homogenous distribution of the gene expression profile in individual cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-cells within each recipient. (nature.com)
On the other hand, bulk RNA-sequence analyses reveal that gene expression profiles among patients are different according to the cytomegalovirus reactivation pattern, and are associated with cytokine production or cell division. (nature.com)
We observed that 50% of CoPEC also contains the cnf1 gene, which encodes cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1 (CNF1), an enhancer of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (mendeley.com)
Previously, Dr. Effros and colleagues demonstrated that introducing the telomerase gene into CD8 cells from HIV/AIDS donors increased: 1) their proliferative capacity, 2) their ability to produce IFN-gamma, and 3) their ability to inhibit virus production and kill HIV-infected T-cells. (telomerescience.com)
The treatment also changed the gene expression profile of the cells. (lifespan.io)

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
Evidence of proliferating endothelial cells was determined by the presence of Ki-67 antigen-positive cells, bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells, or [ 3 H] thymidine-positive cells. (biomedcentral.com)
These are chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), and CAR-T cell therapies are already being used against some types of cancer. (lifespan.io)
We will be investigating the antigen specificity and function of these CD8 T cells, in particular examining the influence of persistent viruses such as HCMV. (cardiff.ac.uk)
Thus, the local immunological milieu in tissue compartments forms the nature and magnitude of the host responses, i.e., frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) vs. T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines vs. anti-inflammatory cytokines, extent of neutrophilia and antigen-presenting-cell (APC) activation, among others. (frontiersin.org)
We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)

The nucleus of senescent cells is characterized by senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) and DNA segments with chromatin alterations reinforcing senescence (DNA-SCARS). (wikipedia.org)

and platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, PECAM-1). (biomedcentral.com)

Normally, cell senescence is reached through a combination of a variety of factors (i.e., both telomere shortening and oxidative stress). (wikipedia.org)
Cell senescence can be a result of the exposure to stress such as oxidative stress, epigenomic damage or DNA damage, or it can be due to telomere shortening is also known as end replication problem. (ijpsr.com)

The classification of each glioma is based on its cell origin and molecular characteristics, which includes acquired mutations [4]. (genesispub.org)

These methods and results can help us to better understand immune reconstitution following hematopoietic cell transplantation, leading to future studies on the clinical application of adoptive T-cell therapies. (nature.com)

A skewed preference for BV7 genes and sequential "G" amino acids motif is observed in complementarity-determining region-3 of T cell receptor-β. (nature.com)
Increased binding scores are observed in T-cell clones with complementarity-determining region-3 of T cell receptor-β with a "(G)GG" motif. (nature.com)
An individual T-cell has a specific complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of T cell receptor (TCR)-α and -β, which is a result of the recombination of somatic TCR V-(D)-J genes and junction diversity. (nature.com)
The increase of interleukin-4 (IL-4) level in tumor environment and the up-regulation of IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) on tumor cells have been long observed. (shengsci.com)
The researchers experimented on the most popular CAR-T cells that express the receptor CD19 and are used against several types of blood cancer, such as B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (lifespan.io)
Jointly it appears that Compact disc8+ AMG 208 T cell resemble an innate NK cell receptor repertoire with maturing [31]. (academicediting.org)
Noteworthy pre-existing or synthesized antibodies against the MHC course I polypeptide-related series A (MICA) that bind towards the NKG2D receptor have already been associated with either an early on graft reduction or past due graft dysfunction in kidney transplantation [33 34 These modifications indicate which the increased appearance of NK cell receptors will influence alloimmune replies in older people possibly reflecting relevance of the augmented innate immune system response. (academicediting.org)
At the surface of muscle fibers, 79% and 48% of CD8+ cells were positive for killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G, member 1 (KLRG1) and CD57, respectively. (elsevierpure.com)
En cada sistema de transducción de señales, media una señal de activación/inhibición procedente de una molécula biológica activa (hormona, neurotransmisor) merced al acoplamiento de un receptor/enzima a un segundo sistema mensajero o a un canal iónico. (bvsalud.org)
Los relacionados con la despolarización de la membrana o la liberación intracelular de calcio incluyen el receptor que media la activación de funciones citotóxicas en los granulocitos y la potenciación sináptica de la activación de proteincinasa. (bvsalud.org)
Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. (bvsalud.org)

Immunosuppression must focus on those age-specific adjustments to optimize final results in older transplant recipients T cell response to brand-new antigens furthermore for an impaired chemotactic migration capability towards supplementary lymphoid organs. (academicediting.org)
More recently the laboratory has been involved in the definition of novel T cell antigens. (cardiff.ac.uk)

Oxaliplatin treatment upregulates p53 and activated p53 enhances growth inhibition in CRC cells treated with oxaliplatin. (immune-source.com)
MENLO PARK, Calif. -- Geron Corporation (Nasdaq:GERN) and TA Therapeutics, Ltd., a joint venture between Geron Corporation and the Biotechnology Research Corporation of Hong Kong (BRC), announced today the presentation of studies demonstrating that their small molecule telomerase activator, TAT0002, enhances the anti-viral activity of CD8 T-cells from HIV/AIDS donors against infected CD4 cells from the same donors. (telomerescience.com)
In addition, quercetin also blocks the uptake of glucose from the blood, blocks the fat cell production, and enhances fat cell necrosis. (oh17.com)

Worldwide, most patients with asplenia or hyposplenia have an underlying hemoglobinopathy such as sickle cell disease, which causes splenic dysfunction. (medscape.com)
Compact disc8+ T cells HLA mismatch and past due kidney graft dysfunction however the impact of portrayed NK cell receptors is not looked into [40* 41 Furthermore the propensity for a higher Compact disc28? (academicediting.org)
In addition, alpha cell dysfunction is recognised as a prominent feature of the disease [ 3 ]. (springer.com)

Our results indicate that the cytotoxic effect of momordicine I on glioma cells suggests its potential therapeutic application to GBM treatment. (excli.de)
Here, we show that IFN-β sensitizes glioma cells that harbor the unmethylated MGMT promoter and are resistant to temozolomide. (aacrjournals.org)

Alkylating agents, such as temozolomide, are among the most effective cytotoxic agents used for malignant gliomas, but responses remain very poor. (aacrjournals.org)
Although overt inflammatory responses play a major role in malignant transformation of host cells following an infection, it is a disbalanced immune responses, which contribute to drive malignant transformation. (frontiersin.org)

CYP2S1 knockdown conferred a cell survival advantage after oxaliplatin treatment to cells harboring wild-type p53 and cytotoxicity and antitumor activity. (immune-source.com)
While treatment with regular CAR-T cells also showed some effect, NMN-CAR-T cells caused a statistically significant additional improvement in cancer burden and median survival time. (lifespan.io)

Scientists have been trying to overcome this problem by genetically modifying T cells to express receptors specifically tuned to recognize various cancers. (lifespan.io)
These results correlate with an over-all increase of Compact disc3+ T cells that co-express NK cell receptors in older people [32]. (academicediting.org)
As the overall need for NK cell receptors in kidney transplantation continues to be sparsely investigated latest work shows phenotypic adjustments of NK cell repertoires powered by immunosuppressive treatment [35]. (academicediting.org)
Hence despite an impaired NK cell activity the entire synthesis of NK cell receptors on T cells Compact disc57 appearance and the overall Compact disc56dim change may enhance a standard however less particular cytotoxic capability during immunosenescence [47-49]. (academicediting.org)

Traditionally, the treatment of hematological malignancies is administrated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. (hindawi.com)
Another mode of chemotherapy-related dormancy that also needs to be modeled in modern drug development is the enrichment of tumor initiating cells with successive rounds of treatment. (elsevierpure.com)

Scientists at IRB Barcelona, led by ICREA researcher Dr. Manuel Serrano , and Dr. Federico Pietrocola , now at the Karolinska Institutet, in Sweden, have studied how inducing senescence in cancer cells improves the effectiveness of the immune response to a greater degree than the dead cancer cells. (irbbarcelona.org)

In addition, the isolation and storage of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells have been used to rebuild the immune system for the treatment of hematological malignancies and might be promising for the dynamic equilibrium expansion of functional T cells [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Reprogramming is a promising treatment, which redifferentiates T-induced pluripotent stem cells (T-IPSCs) into naïve and cytotoxic T cells or dedifferentiates within their own lineage [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
This review outlines the research, progress, and potential therapeutic effects different stem cells have on Glioblastoma. (genesispub.org)
This study aimed to review the current progress researchers have made regarding stem cell therapeutic effects for Glioblastoma, how it is applied, and to discover the potential future progress and treatments these stem cells can create. (genesispub.org)
Cortical bone-derived stem cells (CBSCs) are reportedly essential for osteogenic lineages, bone maintenance and repair. (biomedcentral.com)

Glycans present on proteins can have an effect on protein stability, transport, function, and recognition, and thus can have profound outcomes on cell-cell interactions, adhesion, and signaling events occurring all through eukaryotic enchancment. (kashbiotech.com)

In NMN-treated cells, the levels of the most popular senescence marker, ß-galactosidase, were greatly reduced compared to controls. (lifespan.io)

Various biological processes including immunoreaction of infection, tumor prevention, and human aging could cause telomere damage, tumor-related stress responses, and T regulatory (Treg) cells activation, which even trigger T cell senescence showing the distinctive phenotypic and functional alternation [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Also, using co-culture assays, we analyzed T cell subpopulations after contact with autologous TLR-activated Mo-DCs. (bvsalud.org)

After birth, the spleen has several important functions as a secondary lymphoid organ and as a reservoir and filter for cells and platelets. (medscape.com)
The spleen participates in the destruction of all 3 blood elements (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) when they reach senescence. (medscape.com)

Of note, CD19, CD20, CD30, CD33, CD123, and CD269 as ideal targets have shown extraordinary potential for CAR-T cell therapy and other targets such as CD23 and SLAMF7 have brought promising future for clinical trials. (hindawi.com)
The screening of a novel panel of AgGom-analogues revealed that, unlike changes in the hydrophobicity and electrostatic surface, the cytotoxic potential of the gomesin analogues in DFTD cells lies on specific arginine substitutions in the eight and nine positions and alanine replacement in three, five and 12 positions. (nature.com)
In low glucose culture conditions, BOXR1030 T cells showed reduced ROS levels and reduced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential compared to Control CAR-T cells. (bmj.com)
This profile may be beneficial by ensuring limited senescence associated with consistent cytotoxic potential. (pasteur.fr)
Thus, there is an unmet need to screen novel anti-cancer drugs for their senescence inducing potential. (elsevierpure.com)
In particular, the dialogue between T cells and beta cells is far more complex in humans and recent evidence supports potential type 1 diabetes 'endotypes' based on age at onset [ 8 , 9 ]. (springer.com)

Background To overcome the challenges of a hostile solid tumor microenvironment, we have engineered CAR-T cells to co-express mitochondrial enzyme glutamic-oxaloacetic-transaminase 2 (GOT2). (bmj.com)

Thus, the design and evaluation of potent, metabolically stable, novel anti-cancer drugs selected to circumvent senescence will have high impact for the treatment of recalcitrant cancers in the first- line and metastatic setting. (elsevierpure.com)
Diazaborines Are a Versatile Platform to Develop ROS-Responsive Antibody Drug Conjugates Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a model new class of therapeutics that blend the lethality of potent cytotoxic medication with the concentrating on technique of antibodies to selectively ship medication to most cancers cells. (kashbiotech.com)

Anatomy33

Organisms22

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs107

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Apoptosis13

Phenotype15

Replicative senescence5

Cellular27

Proliferation9

Differentiation3

Role of cell senescence2

Reactive oxygen2

Therapy-induced senescence2

Tumor cell5

Colorectal3

Viability5

Pathways3

Markers4

Astrocytes5

Memory and effector2

Immunotherapy4

Senescent T cells1

Exhaustion4

Autophagy1

Lymphocytes2

Vascular5

Tumors5

Induction4

Interferon gamma2

SASP2

Efficacy3

Premature1

Effector2

Upregulation2

Subsets1

Inflammation10

Tumour6

Pathway5

Pave the way1

Progression3

Mesenchymal stem3

Proinflammatory1

Carcinogenesis1

Hayflick1

Morphology1

Vitro1

Pancreatic8

Macrophages2

Gene6

Antigen6

Chromatin1

Endothelial cell1

Oxidative stress2

Molecular1

Methods1

Receptor11

Antigens2

Enhances3

Dysfunction3

Glioma2

Malignant2

Survival2

Receptors4

Chemotherapy2

Immune response1

Stem cells5

Eukaryotic1

Marker1

Phenotypic1

Subpopulations1

Platelets2

Potential6

Microenvironment1

Potent2